1

Chapt
erI

I
NTRODUCTI
ON

“
Iti
ssaf
er,
andy
oucannotgetsaf
ert
hansaf
er.
”
-
JonasSal
k

Cont
extandRat
ional
e

Thewor
ldi
sami
dstacor
onav
irusdi
sease2019(
COVI
D-19)pandemi
c

t
hathasspr
eaddi
str
act
ion,
fear
,andv
ulner
abi
l
ityal
lthr
ought
hewor
ld.Whi
l
ewe

ar
edoi
ngourpar
ttopr
eventt
hespr
ead,andwhi
l
eheal
thcar
ewor
ker
sri
skt
hei
r

l
i
vest
ocar
efort
hesi
ck,r
esear
cher
sar
eraci
ngt
ofi
ndt
hev
acci
net
hatwi
l
l

pr
otectal
lofusi
nthel
ongr
un.Thev
acci
nebecomest
hecur
rencyofl
i
feand

deat
h.Near
lyev
eryper
sonont
hepl
anetwi
l
lneedi
ttost
aysaf
efr
om t
hev
irus.I
t

i
sther
efor
eimpor
tantt
oensur
ethatev
ery
onehasaccesst
ovacci
nesasqui
ckl
y

aspossi
bleandf
reeofchar
gesi
stheonl
ywayt
opr
otectusal
lfr
om t
heCOVI
D-

19pandemi
c.

Ther
iskt
oev
ery
one,par
ti
cul
arl
ytool
deradul
ts,i
sashi
ghasi
thasnev
er

been.Seni
orCi
ti
zensdonothav
east
rongi
mmunesy
stem sot
heyar
emor
e

v
ulner
abl
etoi
nfect
ious di
sease.They ar
e al
so mor
eli
kel
yto hav
e such

condi
ti
onswhi
chweakent
heabi
l
ityoft
hei
rbodi
est
ofi
ghti
nfect
iousdi
seases.

COVI
D-19i
sal
ter
ingt
hei
rdai
l
yrout
ines,t
hecar
eandsuppor
ttheyr
ecei
ve,t
hei
r

abi
l
ityt
omai
ntai
nsoci
alconnect
ions,andt
hei
rper
cept
ion.Requi
rement
sto

spendmor
eti
meathome,l
ackofphy
sicalcont
actwi
thot
herf
ami
l
ymember
s,

f
ri
ends,
andcol
l
eagues,
tempor
arycessat
ionofempl
oymentandot
heract
ivi
ti
es,
 2

andanxi
etyandf
earofdeat
h-t
hei
rownandot
her
s'-posechal
l
engesf
ort
he

el
der
ly.Despi
tet
heongoi
ngpandemi
candt
hef
ati
gueset
tl
ingi
n,t
hisi
sthet
ime

t
oremai
nvi
gil
antand t
he onl
ywayt
otr
ansi
ti
on outoft
hisphase oft
he

pandemi
cist
heCOVI
D-19v
acci
nat
ion.

Accor
dingt
oWor
ldHeal
thOr
gani
zat
ion(
2021)
,ther
ear
ecur
rent
lymor
e

t
han200addi
ti
onalCOVI
D-19v
acci
necandi
dat
esar
eindev
elopment
,ofwhi
ch

mor
ethan60ar
eincl
i
nicaldev
elopment
.Addi
ti
onal
l
y,Wor
ldHeal
thOr
gani
zat
ion

i
s wor
king i
n col
l
abor
ati
on wi
th sci
ent
ist
s,busi
ness,and gl
obalheal
th

or
gani
zat
ionst
hrought
heACT(
Accesst
oCOVI
D-19Tool
s)Accel
erat
ort
ospeed

upt
hepandemi
cresponse.Whenasaf
eandef
fect
ivev
acci
nei
sfound,COVAX

(
ledbyWor
ldHeal
thOr
gani
zat
ion,Vacci
neAl
l
iance,andCoal
i
tionf
orEpi
demi
c

Pr
epar
ednessI
nnov
ati
ons)wi
l
lfaci
l
itat
etheequi
tabl
eaccessanddi
str
ibut
ionof

t
hesev
acci
nest
opr
otectpeopl
einal
lcount
ri
es.Peopl
emostatr
iskwi
l
lbe

pr
ior
it
ized.Whi
l
eWHO wor
kst
owar
dsr
oll
i
ngoutasaf
eandef
fect
ivev
acci
ne

f
air
ly,t
heci
ti
zensmustcont
inuet
heessent
ialpubl
i
cheal
thact
ionst
osuppr
ess

t
ransmi
ssi
onandr
educemor
tal
i
ty.

Howev
er,an ef
fect
ivev
acci
ne wi
l
lbe ofl
i
mit
ed benef
itacr
oss t
he

popul
ati
onunl
essenoughpeopl
ear
ewi
l
li
ngt
orecei
vei
t.Twooft
hepr
ior
it
y

gr
oupsf
orv
acci
nat
ionwi
l
lbeadul
tsaged60y
ear
sandol
derandi
ndi
vi
dual
sat

hi
gh r
isk f
orsev
ere COVI
D-19 i
l
lness because oft
hei
runder
lyi
ng medi
cal

condi
ti
ons.TheCOVI
D-19hascausedunt
oldf
earandsuf
fer
ingf
orol
derpeopl
e

acr
osst
hewor
ld.
 3

Si
ncet
hebegi
nni
ngoft
heCOVI
D-19pandemi
c,i
thasbeencl
eart
hatt
he

el
der
lyandt
hosewi
thunder
lyi
ngheal
thcondi
ti
onsar
ebei
nghi
thar
destbyt
he

v
irus.The 
Cent
ersf
orDi
seaseCont
rolandPr
event
ion 
stat
ethat“
olderadul
ts,
65

y
ear
sandol
der
,ar
eathi
gherr
iskf
orsev
erei
l
lness.
”TheCDC al
sor
epor
ts

t
hat
 deat
hs f
rom COVI
D-19 
are si
gni
fi
cant
lyhi
gheri
nthe el
der
lypopul
ati
on

(
TTUHSC,
2020)
.

ByDecember31,2021t
heCor
onav
irus(
COVI
D-19)wor
ldwi
deconf
ir
med

casesi
s82,
826,
060,59,
340,
158hav
erecov
eredand1,
825,
395t
otaldeat
hs.The

Phi
l
ippi
nesr
ecor
ds474,
064conf
ir
medCOVI
D-19casesbyt
heendofy
ear2020

wi
th5.
6% (
26,567)wer
eact
ive,9,
244t
otaldeat
hsor1.
9%,and439,
796hav
e

r
ecov
eredat92.
7%.The1,
315casescamef
rom Nor
ther
nSamarand145wer
e

seni
orci
ti
zens.Oft
hisnumber
,6%(
81cases)wer
eact
ive,1,
215hav
erecov
ered

or92%,
anddeat
hsr
ecor
dedat1.
4%(
19cases)
.

I
na 
global
l
yrepr
esent
ati
vesur
veyof1556adul
tsaged50t
o80y
ear
s,

conduct
edi
nOct
ober2020byt
he 
Uni
ver
sit
yofMi
chi
ganonHeal
thyAgi
ng,
those

mor
eli
kel
ytowantt
ogetaCOVI
D-19v
acci
neassoonaspossi
blei
ncl
uded

i
ndi
vi
dual
saged65t
o80y
ear
s(24%,compar
edwi
th17% oft
hoseaged50-
64

y
ear
s),men(
25%,compar
edwi
th15% ofwomen)
,andWhi
tei
ndi
vi
dual
s(24%,

compar
ed wi
th 14% ofHi
spani
c and 7% ofBl
ack i
ndi
vi
dual
s).Those wi
th

under
lyi
ngcondi
ti
ons,hi
gherhousehol
dincomes,andmor
eeducat
ionwer
eal
so

mor
eli
kel
ytowantt
ogetv
acci
nat
edassoonaspossi
ble.

The Phi
l
ippi
ne gov
ernmenti
sint
alks t
o secur
evacci
nes f
rom 7
 4

compani
es,
incl
udi
ngPf
izer
,Ast
raZeneca,
Moder
na,
Nov
avax,
Sinov
ac,
Gamal
eya,

andJohnson&Johnson(
JanssenPhar
maceut
ica)(
Tomacr
uz,
2021)
.

Accor
dingt
oPul
seAsi
a,anearmaj
ori
tyofFi
l
ipi
noadul
tsar
e"noti
ncl
i
ned"

t
ogett
heCOVI
D-19v
acci
ne,wi
thsaf
etyconcer
nsbei
ngt
het
opr
eason.Whi
l
e

95%ofFi
l
ipi
nossai
dtheyar
eawar
evacci
nesar
ebei
ngdev
eloped,
47%sai
dthey

woul
dnotgetv
acci
nat
ed.Onl
y32% expr
essedwi
l
li
ngnessandt
her
emai
ning

21%sai
dtheywer
eambi
val
ent
.Ei
ght
y-f
ourper
centoft
hosewhosai
dtheywoul
d

notgetv
acci
nat
edci
tedsaf
etyconcer
nsast
her
easonf
ort
hei
runwi
l
li
ngness.A

smal
l
erper
cent
age,7%,wor
ri
edt
hev
acci
nesmi
ghtnotbef
ree,anot
her5%

bel
i
evedi
nocul
ati
oni
snotr
equi
redt
ocombatt
hedi
sease,and4% sai
dthe

v
acci
nesmi
ghtbeexpensi
ve.

Vacci
nat
ioni
sconsi
der
edasoneoft
hemostout
standi
ngpubl
i
cheal
th

i
nvent
ionsi
nthe21stcent
ury
.Under
standi
ngkeydet
ermi
nant
sthati
nfl
uencet
he

pr
efer
encesanddemandsofaf
utur
evacci
nebyt
hecommuni
tymayhel
pto

dev
elopst
rat
egi
esf
ori
mpr
ovi
ngt
hegl
obalv
acci
nat
ionpr
ogr
am.Howev
er,i
ts

accept
ancyi
svar
iedwi
thspace,t
ime,soci
alcl
ass,et
hni
cit
y,andcont
ext
ual

humanbehav
ior(
Al-
Mohai
thef
,2020)
.

Mor
eov
er,
80%oft
heseni
orci
ti
zeni
nAl
l
en,
Nor
ther
nSamarsai
dthatt
hey

ar
econcer
nedaboutt
hepossi
blesi
deef
fect
s,15% sai
dthatt
hev
acci
nesar
e

saf
eandar
eagoodwayt
opr
otectt
hemsel
ves,andt
her
emai
ning5%sai
dthat

t
heyt
rustt
hei
rdoct
ororheal
thcar
epr
ovi
dersuggest
ion.

Thei
ndi
vi
dualdeci
sionpr
ocessofwhet
herornott
ovacci
nat
eagai
nst
 5

COVI
D-19 i
s mul
ti
fact
ori
aland mustbe consi
der
ed i
nthe desi
gn ofany

v
acci
nat
ioncampai
gn(
Gar
cia&Cer
da,2020)
.Ther
ewi
l
lbeachal
l
engi
ngand

cont
ent
iousdeci
sion f
ori
nit
ialaccesst
o COVI
D-19 v
acci
nes,butul
ti
mat
ely

v
acci
nesuppl
ywi
l
lbecomel
essr
est
ri
cted.I
tisi
mpor
tantt
oremembert
he

col
l
ect
ivebenef
itbycer
tai
ngr
oupst
othef
rontoft
hev
acci
nequeue.

Si
ncev
acci
neaccept
ancei
scont
ext
-speci
fi
candv
ari
eswi
thgeogr
aphy
,

cul
tur
e,andsoci
o-demogr
aphi
c,t
hisst
udywi
l
lbeconduct
edt
ounder
standt
he

seni
orci
ti
zens’pr
efer
encesandaccept
anceofaCOVI
D-19v
acci
nei
nAl
l
en,

Nor
ther
nSamar
.Thus,t
hisst
udyut
il
izedt
heDescr
ipt
ive-
Cor
rel
ati
onMet
hodas

Resear
chDesi
gn.

Hence,
iti
scr
uci
alt
oknowhowseni
orci
ti
zens'
att
it
udest
othepandemi
c

ul
ti
mat
elyshapesdeci
sionsr
egar
dingwhet
herornott
ogetv
acci
nat
ed.Wi
tht
he

av
ail
abi
l
ity of t
he v
acci
nes,l
i
ttl
einf
ormat
ion i
s av
ail
abl
e on t
he publ
i
c

accept
abi
l
ityi
nAl
l
en,Nor
ther
nSamar
.Ther
esul
toft
hisst
udydemonst
rat
est
he

accept
anceofCOVI
D-19v
acci
neandhow i
tcanhav
eapower
fuli
nfl
uenceon

i
ntent
ionst
obei
mmuni
zed,bel
i
efsaboutwhet
herot
herseni
orci
ti
zenswi
l
lget

v
acci
nat
ed,andassessment
soft
hei
mpor
tanceoft
hisCOVI
D-19v
acci
net
o

combatt
hespr
eadofav
irus.Ther
elev
anceoft
hisr
esear
chwor
ktoaSci
ence,

Technol
ogy
,Engi
neer
ing,andMat
hemat
icsst
udent
sist
hatCOVI
D-19v
acci
nei
s

undersci
enceandt
echnol
ogy
,fort
heski
l
lsandsol
uti
onsi
nthef
iel
dscanhav
e

al
way
s been t
he mostpower
fulweapon used t
o bat
tl
e agai
nstCOVI
D-19

pandemi
c.
 6

Quant
it
ati
veResear
chQuest
ions

Thi
sst
udyai
medt
odet
ermi
net
heaccept
anceofseni
orci
ti
zensi
nAl
l
en,

Nor
ther
nSamaront
heCOVI
D-19v
acci
ne.

Speci
fi
cal
l
y,i
tai
mst
oanswert
hef
oll
owi
ngquest
ions:

1.Whati
sthepr
ofi
l
eoft
heseni
orci
ti
zensi
nAl
l
en,
Nor
ther
nSamari
nter
ms

of
:

1.
1sex;

1.
2hi
ghesteducat
ional
att
ainment
;

1.
3househol
ds’
mont
hlyi
ncome;
and

1.
4at
ti
tudest
owar
dCOVI
D-19pandemi
c?

2.Whatar
ethev
acci
nepr
efer
encesofseni
orci
ti
zens?

3.Whati
stheaccept
anceoft
heseni
orci
ti
zensont
heCOVI
D-19v
acci
nes

al
ong:

3.
1concer
nsaboutt
hev
acci
ne;

3.
2needf
oraddi
ti
onal
inf
ormat
ion;

3.
3at
ti
tudest
owar
dtheCOVI
D-19v
acci
nes;
and

3.
4lackoft
rust
?

4.I
sther
easi
gni
fi
cantr
elat
ionshi
pbet
weent
hepr
ofi
l
eoft
heseni
orci
ti
zens

i
nter
msoft
heseni
orci
ti
zensandt
hei
rvacci
nepr
efer
ences?
 7

5.I
sther
easi
gni
fi
cantr
elat
ionshi
pbet
weent
hepr
ofi
l
eoft
heseni
orci
ti
zens

andt
hei
raccept
anceoft
heCOVI
D-19v
acci
ne?

6.I
sther
easi
gni
fi
cantr
elat
ionshi
pbet
weent
hei
rvacci
nepr
efer
encesand

accept
anceoft
heCOVI
D-19v
acci
ne?

Hy
pot
heses

Basedont
hest
atementoft
hepr
obl
em,
thef
oll
owi
ngnul
lhy
pot
heseswas

dr
awnandt
est
edi
nthi
sst
udy
:

Ho1. Ther
eisnosi
gni
fi
cantr
elat
ionshi
pbet
weent
hepr
ofi
l
eoft
heseni
or

ci
ti
zensi
nter
mssex,househol
ds’mont
hlyi
ncome,andat
ti
tudest
owar
dCOVI
D-

19pandemi
candt
hei
rvacci
nepr
efer
ences.Mor
eov
er,t
her
eisasi
gni
fi
cant

r
elat
ionshi
p bet
ween t
he pr
ofi
l
e oft
he seni
orci
ti
zens i
nter
ms ofhi
ghest

educat
ional
att
ainmentandt
hei
rvacci
nepr
efer
ences

Ho2. Ther
eisnosi
gni
fi
cantr
elat
ionshi
pbet
weent
hepr
ofi
l
eoft
heseni
or

ci
ti
zensandt
hei
rlev
elofaccept
anceast
othei
rconcer
nsaboutt
hev
acci
ne.

Ther
eisnosi
gni
fi
cantr
elat
ionshi
pbet
weent
hepr
ofi
l
eoft
heseni
orci
ti
zensi
n

t
erms sex,househol
ds’mont
hlyi
ncome,and at
ti
tudes t
owar
d COVI
D-19

pandemi
candt
hei
rlev
elofaccept
anceast
otheneedf
oraddi
ti
onali
nfor
mat
ion

and at
ti
tudes t
owar
d COVI
D-19 v
acci
ne.Mor
eov
er,t
her
eis a si
gni
fi
cant

r
elat
ionshi
p bet
ween t
he pr
ofi
l
e oft
he seni
orci
ti
zens i
nter
ms ofhi
ghest

educat
ionalat
tai
nmentandt
hei
rlev
elofaccept
anceast
otheneedf
oraddi
ti
onal

i
nfor
mat
ion and at
ti
tudes t
owar
d COVI
D-19 v
acci
ne.Fur
ther
,ther
eis no

si
gni
fi
cantr
elat
ionshi
pbet
weent
hepr
ofi
l
eoft
heseni
orci
ti
zensi
nter
mssex,
 8

hi
ghesteducat
ionalat
tai
nment
,andhousehol
ds’mont
hlyi
ncomeandt
hei
rlev
el

ofaccept
ance as t
othei
rlackoft
rust
.Fur
ther
mor
e,t
her
eis a si
gni
fi
cant

r
elat
ionshi
p bet
ween t
hepr
ofi
l
eoft
heseni
orci
ti
zensi
nter
msofat
ti
tudes

t
owar
dCOVI
D-19pandemi
candt
hei
rlev
elofaccept
anceast
hei
rlackoft
ruston

t
hev
acci
ne.

Ho3.Ther
eisasi
gni
fi
cantr
elat
ionshi
pbet
weent
hei
rvacci
nepr
efer
encesand

l
evelofaccept
anceast
otheneedf
oraddi
ti
onali
nfor
mat
ion,at
ti
tudest
owar
d

COVI
D-19v
acci
neandl
ackoft
rust
.Howev
er,t
her
eisasi
gni
fi
cantr
elat
ionshi
p

bet
weent
hei
rvacci
nepr
efer
encesandl
evelofaccept
anceast
othei
rconcer
ns

aboutt
hev
acci
ne.

ScopeandLi
mit
ati
onoft
heSt
udy

Thi
sst
udywasconduct
edt
odet
ermi
net
heaccept
anceofseni
orci
ti
zens

ont
heCOVI
D-19v
acci
ne.Thi
sst
udyi
sconduct
edi
nAl
l
en,Nor
ther
nSamar

dur
ingt
heschool
year2020-
2021.

Thi
sst
udywasl
i
mit
edt
otheseni
orci
ti
zenswi
thaf
ocusont
hei
rpr
ofi
l
ein

t
ermsofsex,hi
ghesteducat
ionalat
tai
nment
,househol
dmont
hlyi
ncome,and

at
ti
tudest
owar
dtheCOVI
D-19pandemi
c.Fur
ther
mor
e,t
hev
acci
nepr
efer
ences

oft
heseni
orci
ti
zenswer
eal
sodr
awnf
rom t
hisst
udy
.Si
ncet
hepr
esentst
udy

f
ocusedonl
yont
heseni
orci
ti
zensofAl
l
en,Nor
ther
nSamar
,itwasmor
eov
er,

l
i
mit
edt
othesel
ect
edbar
angay
s.
 9

I
mpor
tanceoft
heSt
udy

Thi
ssoughtt
oassesst
heaccept
anceonCOVI
D-19v
acci
neamongseni
or

ci
ti
zensofAl
l
en,
Nor
ther
nSamar
.

Speci
fi
cal
l
y,t
her
esul
toft
hisst
udywoul
dbebenef
ici
alt
othef
oll
owi
ng:

Seni
orCi
ti
zens.Thi
sst
udywoul
dhel
pthem under
standt
hev
iewsof

anot
herseni
orci
ti
zenr
egar
dingt
othev
acci
nat
ionandt
hus,
wil
lbeabl
etodeci
de

onwhet
hert
heywi
l
ljoi
nthev
acci
nat
ionornot
.

Fr
ont
li
ner
s.Ther
esul
tsoft
hisst
udywoul
dhel
pthem t
odet
ermi
net
he

r
espondent
s'v
iewsaboutcor
onav
irusdi
seasev
acci
ne.Thus,t
hef
ront
li
ner
swi
l
l

gi
veacl
ear
erandspeci
fi
cdescr
ipt
ionaboutt
hev
acci
nest
oenl
i
ght
ent
hei
rmi
nd

andhav
eacl
ear
erunder
standi
ngaboutt
heCOVI
D-19v
acci
ne.

Rur
alHeal
th Uni
t.The r
esul
toft
his st
udywoul
d hel
pthe RHU t
o

under
standt
hepr
efer
encesofseni
orci
ti
zenst
owar
dst
heCOVI
D-19v
acci
ne.

Thus,t
heywi
l
lbeabl
eto know t
hei
rpr
efer
redv
acci
nesandt
hei
nfl
uences

af
fect
ingi
t.

LocalGov
ernmentUni
t.Thi
swoul
d benef
itt
he LGU byknowi
ng t
he

pr
efer
encesofv
acci
nesandexper
iencest
owar
dsCOVI
D-19sot
hatt
heywi
l
lbe

updat
edandi
nfor
medwhatspeci
fi
cact
iont
heywoul
dtake.Thr
ought
his,t
hey

cancont
ri
but
eandpr
ovi
dehel
ptot
heseni
orci
ti
zens.

Depar
tmentofHeal
th.The Depar
tmentofHeal
th woul
d be abl
eto

under
standt
heaccept
anceoft
her
espondent
sfort
hev
acci
neandt
hus,wi
l
lbe
 10

abl
etor
espondbet
tert
othei
rneeds,
adj
ust
ingt
hei
rpr
ogr
amsandappr
oachand

di
ssemi
nat
erel
evanti
nfor
mat
ionaccor
dingl
y.

Gov
ernment
.The r
esul
tof t
his st
udy woul
d hel
pthe gov
ernment

det
ermi
net
hei
rvacci
nepr
efer
encesandt
hei
raccept
anceont
hev
acci
nat
ion.

Thus,
wil
lbeabl
etopr
ovi
despeci
fi
cvacci
nest
hati
nter
estt
hem.

Communi
ty.Thi
sst
udywoul
dbebenef
ici
alt
othecommuni
tysot
hatt
hey

wi
l
lknow t
heexper
iencesofseni
orci
ti
zensandwhatv
acci
nei
nter
est
sthem.

Thus,
wil
lhel
pthem deci
deonwhet
hert
heywi
l
lgett
hev
acci
nesornot
.

The Fut
ure Resear
cher
s. Thi
s st
udy i
s benef
ici
alf
or t
he f
utur
e

r
esear
cher
sast
hiswoul
dser
veasagui
def
orr
esear
cher
swhohav
ethesame

t
opi
c,andasour
cef
orl
i
ter
atur
erev
iew.Thus,
maki
ngi
teasi
erf
ort
hem t
ofi
nda

sour
ceandunder
standt
het
opi
cbet
ter
.

Theor
eti
calFr
amewor
k

Thi
s st
udywas i
nit
ial
l
yanchor
ed byt
he Theor
yofI
mmuni
zat
ion by

Bedf
ordandEl
l
iman(
2000)
,itwor
ksmai
nlyi
ntwoway
s:onani
ndi
vi
dual
basi
sto

pr
otectspeci
fi
cper
sonsatr
isk;andonapopul
ati
onbasi
stopr
ovi
de“
her
d

i
mmuni
ty”t
opr
otecti
ndi
vi
dual
swhocannotbev
acci
nat
edbecauseofheal
th

r
easons.Av
acci
net
ypi
cal
l
ycont
ainsanagentt
hatr
esembl
esadi
sease-
causi
ng

mi
croor
gani
sm,
andi
sof
tenmadef
rom weakenedorki
l
ledf
ormsoft
hemi
crobe,

i
tst
oxi
nsoroneofi
tssur
facepr
otei
ns.Theagent
sst
imul
atet
hati
mmune

sy
stem oft
hebodyt
orecogni
zet
heagent
sasf
orei
gn,
dest
royi
t,and“
remember
”
 11

i
t,sot
hatt
hei
mmunesy
stem canmor
eeasi
l
yrecogni
zeanddest
royanyof

t
hesesmi
croor
gani
smst
hati
tsl
atercount
ers.

Thi
sst
udyi
ssuppor
tedbyMasl
ow'
sHi
erar
chyofNeeds(
1972)
.Theneed

f
orsaf
etywasacknowl
edgedasabasi
chumanneedbyAbr
aham Masl
owi
nhi
s

'
Hier
archy ofNeeds'
.Saf
ety needs r
epr
esentt
he second t
ieri
n Masl
ow'
s

hi
erar
chyand t
heseneedsi
ncl
udet
hesecur
it
yofbody
,ofempl
oyment
,of

r
esour
ces,ofmor
ali
tyoff
ami
l
y,andofheal
th.Theneedf
orsaf
etyi
spr
esenti
n

al
lani
mal
s,butunl
i
keot
herani
mal
sandear
lyman,wenol
ongerseekshel
ter

f
rom pr
edat
orshunt
ingusdownf
orf
ood;howev
er,saf
etyi
sst
il
lessent
ial
,and

ouract
ions ar
e no l
ess engi
neer
ed t
o ensur
ing oursur
viv
al.Saf
etyi
s an

ev
olut
ionar
yneed,whi
chi
sof
tenmani
fest
edi
nwhatwer
efert
oast
he“
fi
ghtor

f
li
ght
”response.Env
ironment
ali
nfor
mat
ioni
susedt
odet
ermi
newhet
herwear
e

saf
e– i
nwhi
chcase,wewi
l
lusual
l
yst
ay– orunsaf
e– whi
chwi
l
lty
pical
l
y

encour
ageust
oleav
eorat
temptt
ochangeourcur
rentci
rcumst
ance.

Anot
hert
heor
ythatsuppor
tst
hisst
udyust
heDeci
sionTheor
ybyWi
l
l

Kent
on(
2017)
,iti
sani
nter
disci
pli
nar
yappr
oacht
oar
ri
veatt
hedeci
sionst
hat

ar
ethemostadv
ant
ageousgi
venanuncer
tai
nenv
ironment
.Thi
sbr
ingst
oget
her

psy
chol
ogy
,st
ati
sti
cs,phi
l
osophy
,andmat
hemat
icst
oanal
yzet
hedeci
si
on-

maki
ng pr
ocess.I
thel
pst
o di
sti
ngui
sh t
wo v
erydi
ff
erentki
ndsofv
acci
ne

hesi
tancy
:fi
rst
,thatofpeopl
e wi
th poorknowl
edge ofand i
ndi
ff
erence t
o

v
acci
nat
ioni
ssues,ander
rat
icv
acci
nat
ionbehav
ior
s,and,secondhand,t
hatof

peopl
ewhoar
ever
yint
erest
edandcommi
tt
edt
ovacci
nat
ioni
ssues,pr
onet
o

i
nfor
mat
ionseeki
ngandl
ongandbal
anceddeci
si
on-
maki
ng.
 12

I
nli
ghtoft
heCOVI
D-19pandemi
c,i
mmuni
zat
ioni
sanessent
ialheal
th

ser
vicet
hatpr
otect
sasuscept
ibl
eindi
vi
dualf
rom v
acci
ne-
prev
ent
abl
edi
seases.

Howev
er,
COVI
D-19v
acci
neaccept
ancei
ntheel
der
lyagepopul
ati
ondependson

t
hei
rdeci
sionsandv
iewsoft
hechar
act
eri
sti
csofv
acci
nes.

Concept
ualFr
amewor
k

Thi
sCOVI
D-19v
acci
nat
ioncoul
dbeapr
omi
singappr
oachi
ncont
rol
l
ing

t
hepandemi
c,buti
tssuccessst
rongl
yrel
i
esont
heaccept
anceofv
acci
nes

amongv
ari
ouspopul
ati
onsi
ncl
udi
ngol
deradul
tsduet
othei
rli
fest
yle,at
ti
tudes,

exper
iences,andpr
efer
ences.Vacci
neaccept
ancedeci
sionscanbei
nfl
uenced

byt
hesef
act
orsandmaywei
ghi
nthei
rdeci
sion-
maki
ng.

Li
kewi
se,t
hisst
udypr
ovi
desst
ati
sti
caldat
aori
nfor
mat
ionaboutt
he

pr
ofi
l
e oft
he seni
orci
ti
zens,v
acci
ne pr
efer
ences,l
evelofaccept
ance,t
he

si
gni
fi
cantr
elat
ionshi
p bet
ween t
he pr
ofi
l
e oft
he seni
orci
ti
zens and t
hei
r

v
acci
nepr
efer
ences,
thesi
gni
fi
cantr
elat
ionshi
pbet
weent
hepr
ofi
l
eoft
heseni
or

ci
ti
zensandt
hei
rlev
elofaccept
ance,andt
hesi
gni
fi
cantr
elat
ionshi
pbet
ween

t
hei
rvacci
nepr
efer
encesandl
evel
ofaccept
ance.

Par
adi
gm
 13

I
NDEPENDENTVARI
ABLE DEPENDENTVARI
ABLE

Pr
ofi
leoft
heseni
orci
ti
zens

1.
1sex Vacci
nePr
efer
ences

1.
2hi
ghest educat
ional

at
tai
nment

1.
3househol
ds’
mont
hlyi
ncome

1.
4at
ti
tudes t
owar
d COVI
D-19
Lev
elofAccept
ance
pandemi
c

Fi
gur
e1.ThePar
adi
gm ShowingtheRelat
ionshipAmongI
ndependentVar
iabl
e
andDependentVariabl
e

Def
ini
ti
onofTer
ms
 14

I
nor
dert
opr
ovi
deacl
earunder
standi
ngofsomeconcept
sint
hisst
udy
,

t
hef
oll
owi
ngt
ermswer
econcept
ual
l
yandoper
ati
onal
l
ydef
ined:

Accept
ance,concept
ual
l
y,meansagr
eei
ngt
orecei
vesomet
hingort
he

actofr
ecei
vi
ngi
t(YourDi
cti
onar
y,Ret
ri
evedonFebr
uar
y12,
2021)
.Oper
ati
onal
l
y,

t
hisr
efer
stot
hedeci
sionoft
her
espondent
sont
heCOVI
D-19v
acci
ne.

At
ti
tude,
concept
ual
l
y,i
tref
erst
oasetofemot
ions,
bel
i
efs,
andbehav
ior
s

t
owar
dapar
ti
cul
arobj
ect
,per
son,t
hing,orev
entandar
eof
tent
her
esul
tof

exper
ienceorupbr
ingi
ng,andt
heycanhav
eapower
fuli
nfl
uenceov
erbehav
ior

(
htt
ps:
//www.
ver
ywel
l
mind.
com/
att
it
udes, Ret
ri
eved on May 28, 2021)
.

Oper
ati
onal
l
y,t
hisper
tai
nst
othebehav
iorofseni
orci
ti
zenst
owar
dCOVI
D-19

pandemi
candCOVI
D-19v
acci
ne.

Cor
onav
irusdi
sease(
COVI
D-19)
,concept
ual
l
y,i
tisani
nfect
iousdi
sease

caused by a newl
y di
scov
ered cor
onav
irus (
htt
ps:
//www.
who.
int
/heal
th-

t
opi
cs/
cor
onav
irus,Ret
ri
eved on Febr
uar
y 12,2021)
.Oper
ati
onal
l
y,i
tisa

pandemi
cthatcauseddi
ff
icul
ti
est
otheseni
orci
ti
zens.

I
mmuni
zat
ion,concept
ual
l
y,i
tist
hepr
ocesswher
ebyaper
soni
smade

i
mmuneorr
esi
stantt
oani
nfect
iousdi
sease,
typi
cal
l
ybyt
headmi
nist
rat
ionofa

v
acci
ne(
htt
ps:
//www.
who.
int
/heal
th-
topi
cs/
immuni
zat
ion,
Ret
ri
evedonFebr
uar
y

12,2021)
.Oper
ati
onal
l
y,t
hisper
tai
nst
othepr
ocessbywhi
cht
heseni
orci
ti
zen

becomespr
otect
edagai
nstCOVI
D-19.

Pr
efer
ences,concept
ual
l
y,i
tisacompar
ati
veev
aluat
ion,pr
ior
it
izat
ionor

f
avor
ing,and choi
ce r
anki
ng (
htt
ps:
//pl
ato.
stanf
ord.
edu/
ent
ri
es/
pref
erences/
,

Ret
ri
evedonFebr
uar
y20,2021)
.Oper
ati
onal
l
y,t
hisper
tai
nst
othechoi
ceof
 15

v
acci
nebyt
her
espondent
s.

Seni
orCi
ti
zens,concept
ual
l
y,i
tisdef
inedasanyper
sonagedsi
xtyor

si
xty
-fi
vey
ear
sorov
er(
Cambr
idgeDi
cti
onar
y,Ret
ri
evedonFebr
uar
y12,2021)
.

Oper
ati
onal
l
y,t
hisper
tai
nst
otheseni
orci
ti
zensofAl
l
en,Nor
ther
nSamarast
he

r
espondent
soft
hest
udy
.

Vacci
ne,concept
ual
l
y,i
tissaf
eandef
fect
iveandt
hebestwayt
opr
otect

f
rom ser
iousi
l
lnesses(
htt
ps:
//www.
who.
int
/heal
th-
topi
cs/
vacci
nes,
Ret
ri
evedon

Febr
uar
y12,2021)
.Oper
ati
onal
l
y,i
twi
l
lpr
otectt
heseni
orci
ti
zensf
rom get
ti
ng

COVI
D-19.
 16

Chapt
erI
I

REVI
EW OFLI
TERATURE

Pr
ofi
leofSeni
orCi
ti
zens

Sex. A r
esear
ch st
udy conduct
ed by Mal
i
k,et
.al(
2020) ent
it
led

“
Det
ermi
nant
sofCOVI
D-19v
acci
neaccept
ancei
ntheUS”i
ndi
cat
est
hatf
emal
es

hasahi
gheri
nter
esti
ntaki
ngt
hev
acci
necompar
edt
omal
es.

Howev
er,i
nthest
udyconduct
edbyEl
-El
i
matent
it
led“
Accept
anceand

At
ti
tudesTowar
dCOVI
D-19Vacci
nes:A Cr
oss-
Sect
ionalSt
udyf
rom Jor
dan”
,

mal
eswer
emor
eli
kel
ytohav
eaccept
ancef
orCOVI
D-19v
acci
nescompar
edt
o

f
emal
es.

Accor
dingt
othest
udyconduct
edbyMed(
2020)ent
it
led“
Cor
onav
irus:

Why Men ar
e Mor
e Vul
ner
abl
eto Cov
id-
19 Than Women?
”,t
he bi
ologi
cal

di
ff
erencesi
nthei
mmunesy
stemsbet
weenmenandwomenexi
stwhi
chmay

i
mpactourabi
l
ityt
ofi
ghtani
nfect
ioni
ncl
udi
ngSARS-
2-CoV-
2.Gener
all
y,f
emal
es

ar
emor
eresi
stantt
oinf
ect
ionst
hanmen,andt
hisi
spossi
blymedi
atedby

sev
eralf
act
orsi
ncl
udi
ng sexhor
monesand hi
gh expr
essi
on ofcor
onav
irus

r
ecept
ors(
ACE2)i
nmenbutal
sol
i
fest
yle,
suchashi
gherl
evel
sofsmoki
ngand

dr
inki
ngamongmenascompar
edt
owomen.Addi
ti
onal
l
y,womenhav
emor
e

r
esponsi
ble at
ti
tude t
owar
dthe Cov
id-
19 pandemi
cthan men.Thi
s may

r
ever
sibl
yaf
fectt
heunder
taki
ngofpr
event
ivemeasur
essuchasf
requenthand

washi
ng,
wear
ingoff
acemask,
andst
ayathomeor
der
s.

Educat
ionalAt
tai
nment
.Ar
evi
ew oft
hecur
rentr
esear
chofLaki
n(200)
 17

hel
psi
dent
if
ythesoci
alandpsy
chol
ogi
calf
act
orst
hatmot
ivat
eol
deradul
tst
o

par
ti
cipat
einl
i
fel
ongl
ear
ning.Howev
er,t
hev
astmaj
ori
tyofol
deradul
tsar
enot

pur
sui
ngaddi
ti
onaleducat
ion—par
ti
cul
arl
ythr
oughhi
ghereducat
ionv
enues.I
n

f
act
,thosewi
thl
ow l
evel
sofpr
iorf
ormaleducat
ionandf
ew r
esour
ceswi
th

whi
cht
oaccesspost
secondar
ypr
ogr
amsof
tendonotconsi
derhi
ghereducat
ion

a possi
bil
i
ty.And whi
l
e some may v
ent
urei
n,t
hey encount
ernumer
ous

r
oadbl
ocks t
o cont
inued l
ear
ning.Speci
fi
cal
l
y,demogr
aphi
c,at
ti
tudi
nal
,and

st
ruct
uralbar
ri
ersi
mpedeaccessatsev
eralpoi
ntsal
ongt
hel
i
fel
ongl
ear
ning

j
our
ney
.

I
nthest
udyofVenegas(
2018)
,tot
alcogni
ti
vescor
esandeducat
ional

at
tai
nmentwer
ehi
gherf
orment
hanwomeni
nbot
hyear
s.Whencogni
ti
ve

component
swer
eanal
yzedsepar
atel
y,womenhadhi
gherv
erbalmemor
yand

v
erbal
recal
lscor
est
hanmen.

Househol
dIncome.Uni
tedNat
ions(
2020)st
atedt
hatmanyol
derper
sons

ar
oundt
hewor
ldl
i
vei
npov
ert
yandexper
iencesoci
alexcl
usi
on.Ther
iskof

pov
ert
yincr
easeswi
thage,
wit
htheper
cent
ageofol
derper
sonsl
i
vingi
npov
ert
y

ashi
ghas80%i
nsomedev
elopi
ngcount
ri
es.Ol
derper
sonsmayr
elyonmul
ti
ple

i
ncomesour
ces,
incl
udi
ngpai
dwor
k,sav
ings,
andf
inanci
alsuppor
tfr
om f
ami
l
ies

andpensi
ons,
allofwhi
chmaybei
njeopar
dyasar
esul
tofCOVI
D-19.Ther
efor
e,

t
he pandemi
c may si
gni
fi
cant
lyl
owerol
derper
sons’i
ncomes and l
i
ving

st
andar
ds.Thi
seconomi
cdownt
urnwi
l
lmostl
i
kel
yhav
eadi
spr
opor
ti
onat
e

i
mpactonol
derwomen,gi
vent
hei
rli
mit
edaccesst
oincome–whet
hert
hrough

empl
oyment
,asset
ssuchasl
andandpr
oper
ty,ort
hroughpensi
onpr
ovi
sion—
 18

t
hanmen.Fori
nst
ance,gl
obal
l
y,womenr
epr
esentnear
ly65percentofpeopl
e

abov
eret
ir
ementage(
60-
65orol
der
)wi
thoutanyr
egul
arpensi
on.

Shear
ing(
2020)showedt
hatt
hedi
ff
erentcount
ri
eswi
l
lneeddi
ff
erent

r
esponsest
odeal
i
ngwi
tht
hegl
obaleconomi
cchal
l
enge,butr
isksofspi
ral
i
ng

debtori
nfl
ati
oncanbecont
rol
l
edwi
tht
imel
yandspeci
fi
cdeci
sion-
maki
ngon

pol
i
cy.Concer
nsar
egr
owi
ngi
nsomecor
ner
soff
inanci
almar
ket
saboutt
he

l
onger
-t
erm consequencesofgov
ernmentandcent
ralbanksuppor
tpackages-

andt
woi
npar
ti
cul
arar
est
art
ingt
ogai
nmor
eat
tent
ion.

Thest
udyofMar
ti
n,et
.al(
2020)pr
oposedahousehol
d-l
evelmodelt
o

assesst
hesoci
o-economi
cimpact
sofCOVI
D-19onpercapi
taconsumpt
ionand

sav
ings,andt
hebenef
it
sfr
om gov
ernmenti
nter
vent
ions.Assumi
ngani
ncome

l
oss di
str
ibut
ion f
orv
ari
ous sect
ors,t
he modelcan pr
ovi
de est
imat
es of

househol
ds’consumpt
ionl
osses(
apr
oxyf
orwel
l
-bei
ng)
,depl
eti
onofsav
ings,

andr
ecov
eryt
ime.TheSanFr
anci
scoBayAr
eawasusedasacasest
udy
.The

mai
nfi
ndi
ngsoft
hisst
udyar
ethef
oll
owi
ng:Fi
rst
,wi
thoutanysoci
alpr
otect
ion,

COVI
D-19woul
dleadt
oamassi
veeconomi
cshockt
othesy
stem.I
nsi
mul
ati
ons

ofa3-
mont
hlockdown,t
hepov
ert
yrat
eincr
easesf
rom 17.
1% t
o25.
9% dur
ing

t
hecr
isi
sint
heBayAr
ea.Househol
dsav
ingsandconsumpt
iondr
opsi
gni
fi
cant
ly,

andt
heav
erager
ecov
eryt
imef
ori
ndi
vi
dual
sisal
mostoney
ear
.Thel
ong

r
ecov
eryt
imeaf
tert
hecr
isi
swi
l
lbef
urt
herexacer
bat
edbyagener
aldecr
easei
n

demand,peopl
e’
schangei
nconsumpt
ionbehav
ior
,andgener
alsl
owdownof

economi
cact
ivi
ti
es.Second,gov
ernmentbenef
it
s,bot
hst
ateUIandf
eder
al

CARES st
imul
us,decr
easet
heampl
i
tudeanddur
ati
onoft
hecr
isi
s.I
nli
kel
y
 19

scenar
ioofa3-
mont
hcr
isi
sper
iod,
thei
ncr
easei
npov
ert
ycanbel
i
mit
edt
o19%

(
from 17.
1%atpr
e-cr
isi
s),
andt
heav
eraget
imeofr
ecov
eryal
mosthal
vedt
o6.
7

mont
hs,t
hankst
othest
ateUIandt
hef
eder
alst
imul
uspackage.Howev
er,t
he

r
ecov
eryi
sspat
ial
l
yhet
erogeneous,ascer
tai
ncommuni
ti
eswi
l
lbei
mpact
ed

mor
ethant
heav
erageandcoul
dtakeov
eray
eart
orepl
eni
sht
hei
rlostsav
ings.

Uni
tedNat
ions(
2020)r
eveal
edt
hatt
hev
irusi
snotj
ustt
hreat
eni
ngt
he

l
i
vesandsaf
etyofol
derper
sons,
iti
sal
sot
hreat
eni
ngt
hei
rsoci
alnet
wor
ks,
thei
r

accesst
oheal
thser
vices,t
hei
rjobsandt
hei
rpensi
ons.Thosewhonor
mal
l
y

r
ecei
vecar
eathomeandi
nthecommuni
ty–suchaswomenov
er80y
ear
sof

age who ar
emor
ethan t
wice asl
i
kel
ytol
i
veal
one asmen – r
iskbei
ng

di
spr
opor
ti
onat
elyaf
fect
edbyphy
sicaldi
stanci
ngmeasur
es.Pr
olongedper
iods

ofi
sol
ati
oncoul
dhav
easer
iousef
fectont
hement
alheal
thofol
derper
sons,

wi
th ol
derper
sons l
ess l
i
kel
yto be di
git
all
yincl
uded.The i
ncome and

unempl
oymenti
mpact
swi
l
lal
sobeconsi
der
abl
egi
vent
hat
,atagl
oball
evel
,the

shar
eofol
derper
sonsi
nthel
abourf
orcehasi
ncr
easedbyal
most10percenti
n

t
hepastt
hreedecades.Soci
alpr
otect
ioncanpr
ovi
deasaf
etynet
,butt
he

cov
eragegapsi
nsomedev
elopi
ngcount
ri
esar
esi
zeabl
e,wi
thl
esst
han20%of

ol
derper
sonsofr
eti
rementager
ecei
vi
ngapensi
on.

At
ti
tudesonCOVI
D-19Pandemi
c.I
nthest
udyent
it
led“
Elder
lypeopl
eand

r
esponses t
o COVI
D-19 i
n 27 Count
ri
es”conduct
ed byDaoust(
2020)
,the

f
indi
ngsshowt
hatt
heel
der
lypeopl
e,i
.e.t
hemostv
ulner
abl
epopul
ati
on,
arenot

sy
stemat
ical
l
ymor
eresponsi
vei
nter
msofpr
ospect
ivesel
f-
isol
ati
on(
ift
hey

wer
etol
dtodoso)andwi
l
li
ngnesst
oisol
ate.Mor
eov
er,t
heyar
enotmor
e
 20

di
sci
pli
nedi
nter
msofcompl
i
ancewi
thpr
event
ivemeasur
es,especi
all
ywi
th

wear
ing a f
ace maskwhen out
side t
hei
rhome.Thi
sbehav
iorwi
l
lbecome

especi
all
yimpor
tantwhen soci
aldi
stanci
ng r
uleswi
l
lbel
oosened.
 Thi
sis

sur
pri
singbecausei
tisv
eryr
easonabl
etoexpectt
hatt
hosewhoar
emor
eli
kel
y

t
obehospi
tal
i
zedand/
ordi
efr
om t
heCOVI
D-19wi
l
lbemor
edi
sci
pli
nedand

dut
if
ul.Whet
herwef
ocusonpsy
chol
ogi
calr
eact
ionssuchasf
earorr
ati
onal

cal
cul
us,weal
way
shav
ethesameexpect
ati
on.Notonl
yist
hissur
pri
singbuti
t

i
sal
sot
roubl
i
ng.

I
nthest
udyofLauet
.al(
2020)
,el
der
swer
easkedwhatt
heywoul
ddoi
f

t
heyexhi
bit
edsy
mpt
omsl
i
keaf
ever
,coughorsor
ethr
oat
.Ov
eral
l
,1033(
49.
4%)

sai
dtheywoul
dcont
actabar
angayheal
thwor
ker(
ie,communi
tyheal
thwor
ker
)

orseekheal
th adv
ice el
sewher
e:t
her
e wer
e 911 (
43.
6%)r
espondent
sthat

i
ndi
cat
edt
heywoul
dvi
sitapubl
i
chospi
taland720(
34.
4%)r
espondent
swho

woul
dconsi
derv
isi
ti
ngar
uralheal
thuni
t(RHU)
.Respondent
sal
soconsi
der
ed

handl
i
ngt
hesy
mpt
omst
hemsel
veswi
th762(
36.
5%)whor
epor
tedt
hei
n-t
ensi
on

t
ost
ayathomeandwai
ttogetbet
terand724(
34.
6%)r
espondent
swhosel
ect
ed

t
heopt
iont
ousemedi
cinest
heymayhav
eathome.

I
nthesamesur
vey
,1128seni
orci
ti
zens(
54.
0%)r
epor
t-
edt
hatt
hei
rli
fe

hadbeendi
stur
bedbyCOVI
D-19,but1679(
80.
3%)i
ndi
cat
edt
hatt
heywer
e

wor
ri
edaboutcont
ract
ingt
hev
irus,suggest
ingt
hatpeopl
ewer
erespondi
ngi
n

al
armt
othei
nfor
mat
iont
hatwasbei
ngci
rcul
atedaboutt
hedi
sease.

Accor
ding t
othe st
udyofChee (
2020)
,Ol
deradul
ts ar
e dr
iven and

char
act
eri
zedbyt
hei
runcer
tai
ntyonwhatl
i
esahead,f
earofdeat
h,f
earof
 21

get
ti
ngi
nfect
ed,andhow t
heyr
eactt
other
eper
cussi
onsoft
hesef
eel
i
ngsof

uncer
tai
ntyt
hatbecamegr
adual
l
yhar
dtoi
gnor
e.Theol
deradul
tsar
econst
ant
ly

st
ressedaboutt
heconsequencesofbei
ngi
nfect
edCOVI
D-19;
theywer
ewor
ri
ed

aboutt
hemsel
ves,f
ami
l
ymember
s,car
egi
ver
saswel
lasot
herr
esi
dent
s.The

ol
deradul
ts al
so sl
owl
y dev
eloped si
gns off
ati
gue,st
ress and par
anoi
a

t
hroughoutt
hel
ockdownper
iodi
ntheagedcar
ehomes

Theonsetofanewpandemi
cforwhi
chpeopl
ehadnopr
iorexper
iencei
n

deal
i
ngwi
thhaswr
oughtf
earont
hepopul
ati
on,par
ti
cul
arl
yforol
derpeopl
e

becauset
heyar
econsi
der
edathi
gherr
iskf
ort
hedi
sease.Thi
shasl
edt
hem t
o

behousebound,v
ent
uri
ngoutonl
ywhenext
remel
ynecessar
y.I
tisnoteasyt
o

copewi
thpr
olongedconf
inement
,andami
dstmandat
edi
sol
ati
on,seni
orsmay

exper
ience depr
essi
ve sy
mpt
oms,l
onel
i
ness,pessi
mism,det
eri
orat
ions i
n

cogni
ti
on,
anddi
srupt
ioni
nsl
eepi
ngpat
ter
ns(
Buenav
ent
ura,
et.
al,
2020)
.

Vacci
nePr
efer
ences

Ar
ti
cleI
I,Sect
ion15oft
he1987Const
it
uti
onoft
heRepubl
i
coft
he

Phi
l
ippi
nesmandat
est
hest
atet
opr
otectandpr
omot
etheheal
thoft
hepeopl
e

andi
nst
il
lheal
thconsci
ousnessamongt
hem.TheSt
atei
sfur
thermandat
ed

underAr
ti
cleXI
II
,Sect
ion11oft
heConst
it
uti
ont
oadoptani
ntegr
atedand

compr
ehensi
veappr
oacht
oheal
thdev
elopmentwhi
chshal
lendeav
ort
omake

essent
ialgoods,heal
thandot
hersoci
alser
vicesav
ail
abl
etoal
lthepeopl
eat

af
for
dabl
ecost
.UnderRepubl
i
cActNo.3720,ort
he“
Food,Dr
ugandCosmet
ic

Act
,”asamendedbyExecut
iveOr
derNo.175,
s.1987,
andRepubl
i
cActNo.9711,
 22

ort
he “
Food and Dr
ug Admi
nist
rat
ion Actof2009,
”the Food and Dr
ug

Admi
nist
rat
ion(
FDA)wascr
eat
edt
oest
abl
i
shandmai
ntai
nadr
ugr
egul
ator
y

sy
stem t
oensur
ethepur
it
y,saf
ety
,ef
fi
cacyandqual
i
tyofdr
ugsandv
acci
nesi
n

t
hecount
ry.

Publ
i
c and pat
ient i
nvol
vement i
n heal
thcar
e deci
sion-
maki
ng i
s

i
ncr
easi
ngl
yval
ued(
Flor
inandDi
xon,
2004)
.Gr
eat
erpubl
i
cinv
olv
ementi
npubl
i
c

deci
si
ons,
especi
all
ythosewi
thl
argest
akesandasubst
ant
ial
ethi
cal
component
,

i
s of
ten seen as l
eadi
ng t
o mor
e democr
ati
c deci
sion-
maki
ng.Butpubl
i
c

i
nvol
vementi
sal
soofi
nst
rument
alv
alue.Asi
tdemonst
rat
edwi
thot
herCov
id-
19

measur
essuchasf
acemasks(
Kar
aiv
anovetal
.2020)
,publ
i
csuppor
tpl
aysa

cr
uci
alr
olei
n maki
ng pandemi
ccount
ermeasur
esef
fect
ive.I
nthe case of

v
acci
nat
ionpr
ogr
ammes,wher
epubl
i
cpar
ti
cipat
ionwi
l
lbekeyt
oreachhi
gh

cov
erage l
evel
swhi
l
e,si
mul
taneousl
ykeepi
ng ot
herpr
event
ive measur
esi
n

pl
ace,i
tisessent
ialt
odev
elopapol
i
cyt
hati
sal
sosuppor
tedbyt
hegener
al

publ
i
c.

TheAZD1222orAst
aZenecav
acci
neagai
nstCOVI
D-19hasanef
fi
cacyof

63.
09%agai
nstsy
mpt
omat
icSARS-
CoV-
2inf
ect
ion.

Basedonev
idencef
rom cl
i
nicalt
ri
als,t
hePf
izer
-Bi
oNTechv
acci
newas

95% ef
fect
iveatpr
event
ing l
abor
ator
y-conf
ir
med COVI
D-19 i
l
lnessi
n peopl
e

wi
thoutev
idenceofpr
evi
ousi
nfect
ion.

Russi
an dev
eloper
s publ
i
shed f
resh t
ri
alr
esul
tsf
ort
hei
rSput
nikV

(
Gamal
eya)cor
onav
irusv
acci
neonMondaybasedonnew dat
a,andsai
dthe

shothadagai
nbeenf
oundt
obe91.
4% ef
fect
ivei
npr
ovi
dingpr
otect
ionf
rom
 23

COVI
D-19.

Nov
avax,
Inc.(
Nasdaq:NVAX)
,abi
otechnol
ogycompanydev
elopi
ngnext
-

gener
ati
on v
acci
nes f
orser
ious i
nfect
ious di
seases,announced t
hatNVX-

CoV2373,i
ts pr
otei
n-based COVI
D-19 v
acci
ne candi
dat
e,mett
he pr
imar
y

endpoi
nt,wi
thav
acci
neef
fi
cacyof89.
3%,i
nit
sPhase3cl
i
nicalt
ri
alconduct
ed

i
ntheUni
tedKi
ngdom (
UK)
.

Resear
cher
sin Tur
key r
epor
ted an ef
fi
cacy r
ate of83.
5% f
ort
he

cor
onav
irusv
acci
nedev
elopedbyChi
nesecompanySi
nov
acBi
otechbasedon

f
inalPhase3cl
i
nicalt
ri
alr
esul
tst
her
e,downf
rom 91.
25% announcedi
nlat
e

Decemberf
rom i
nter
imr
esul
ts.

Basedonev
idencef
rom cl
i
nicalt
ri
als,t
heModer
nav
acci
newas94.
1%

ef
fect
iveatpr
event
ing l
abor
ator
y-conf
ir
med COVI
D-19 i
l
lnessi
n peopl
ewho

r
ecei
vedt
wodoseswhohadnoev
idenceofbei
ngpr
evi
ousl
yinf
ect
ed.

TheJ&J/
Janssenv
acci
newas66.
3%ef
fect
ivei
ncl
i
nical
tri
als(
eff
icacy
)at

pr
event
ingl
abor
ator
y-conf
ir
medCOVI
D-19i
l
lnessi
npeopl
ewhohadnoev
idence

ofpr
iori
nfect
ion2weeksaf
terr
ecei
vi
ngt
hev
acci
ne.Peopl
ehadt
hemost

pr
otect
ion2weeksaf
terget
ti
ngv
acci
nat
ed.

Lev
elofAccept
anceont
heCOVI
D-19Vacci
ne

I
nthepr
esentst
udyofEl
-El
i
mat
,et
.al(
2021)
,37.
4% oft
hepubl
i
cwer
e

accept
abl
e,36.
3%wer
enotaccept
abl
eand26.
3%wer
eneut
ralt
orecei
veCOVI
D-

19 v
acci
nes.Ther
esul
tsofmul
ti
var
iat
eanal
ysi
s(bi
nar
ylogi
sti
cregr
essi
on)

i
dent
if
iedt
hei
ndependentf
act
orst
hatpr
edi
ctedt
hel
evelofaccept
ance.The
 24

r
esul
tindi
cat
edt
hatt
heol
deragegr
oups(
>35y
ear
sol
d)wer
elessl
i
kel
yto

acceptf
orCOVI
D-19v
acci
nescompar
edt
oyoungeragegr
oups(
OR=0.
376,

95CI
%=0.
233–0.
607,p<.
001)
.Inaddi
ti
on,empl
oyedpar
ti
cipant
s(OR=0.
542,

95CI
% =0.
405–0.
725,p<.
001)wer
elessl
i
kel
ytoacceptCOVI
D-19v
acci
nes

compar
edt
ounempl
oyedpar
ti
cipant
s.Fur
ther
mor
e,par
ti
cipant
swhobel
i
eved

t
hatt
heCOVI
D-19pandemi
cisaconspi
racy(
OR=0.
502,
95CI
%=0.
356–0.
709,
p

<.
001)andt
hosewhodi
dnott
rustanyi
nfor
mat
ion(
OR =0.
271,95CI
%=

0.
183–0.
400,
p<.
001)wer
elessaccept
abl
efort
hev
acci
ne.

Mal
eszaandWi
tt
man(
2021)i
nvest
igat
edt
hev
ari
ousf
act
orsi
nfl
uenci
ng

COVI
D-19v
acci
nat
ionaccept
anceandact
uali
ntakeamongol
derGer
mansaged

ov
er75y
ear
sol
d(n=1037)
.Wef
oundt
hatt
hei
ntent
iont
ogetv
acci
nat
edor

i
ntakeoft
heCOVI
D-19v
acci
newer
eposi
ti
vel
yrel
atedt
otheper
cept
ionsof

becomi
ngi
nfect
ed,
per
cept
ionsoft
hesev
eri
tyoft
hepot
ent
iall
ong-
ter
m ef
fect
s,

t
hev
acci
ne’
sef
fi
cacy
,andt
hebenef
it
sofv
acci
nat
ion.Meanwhi
l
e,t
hei
ntent
ion

t
o gett
hev
acci
neorv
acci
nei
ntakewer
edecr
eased byper
cept
ionsoft
he

negat
ivesi
de-
eff
ect
sandt
hegener
ali
mpedi
ment
stov
acci
nat
ion.

Accor
dingt
othest
udyofAl
-Qer
em &Jar
ab(
2021)
,themai
nreasonsf
or

par
ti
cipant
s'r
efusalofv
acci
nat
ionorhesi
tat
ionwer
econcer
nsaboutsaf
etyand

ef
fi
cacy
,inaddi
ti
ont
oinsuf
fi
cienti
nfor
mat
ionaboutt
hev
acci
ne.Heal
thcar
e

pr
ovi
der
smustact
ivat
ethei
rrol
esandaddr
esst
heseconcer
nsbyi
ncr
easi
ng

awar
enessaboutt
her
oleofv
acci
nat
ioni
npr
event
ingt
hespr
eadofi
nfect
ionand

acqui
ri
ngher
dimmuni
ty.Thi
scoul
dbeachi
evedbydesi
gni
ngandi
mpl
ant
ing

di
ff
erentawar
enesscampai
gnsv
iav
ari
ousmedi
aout
let
sgui
dedbyheal
thcar
e
 25

pr
ovi
der
s.

Sev
eralcor
onav
irusdi
seases2019(
COVI
D-19)v
acci
nesar
ecur
rent
lyi
n

human t
ri
als.I
n June2020,wesur
vey
ed 13,
426 peopl
ein 19 count
ri
est
o

det
ermi
nepot
ent
ialaccept
ancer
atesandf
act
orsi
nfl
uenci
ngaccept
anceofa

COVI
D-19v
acci
ne.Oft
hese,71.
5% ofpar
ti
cipant
srepor
tedt
hatt
heywoul
dbe

v
eryorsomewhatl
i
kel
ytot
akeaCOVI
D-19v
acci
ne,
and48.
1%r
epor
tedt
hatt
hey

woul
d acceptt
hei
rempl
oyer
’sr
ecommendat
ion t
o do so.Di
ff
erences i
n

accept
ancer
atesr
angedf
rom al
most90%(
inChi
na)t
olesst
han55%(
inRussi
a).

Respondent
srepor
ti
nghi
gherl
evel
soft
rusti
ninf
ormat
ionf
rom gov
ernment

sour
ceswer
emor
eli
kel
ytoacceptav
acci
neandt
aket
hei
rempl
oyer
’sadv
icet
o

doso(
Lazar
us,
et.
al,
2020)
.

Chapt
erI
II
 26

METHODOLOGY

Resear
chSi
te

Fi
gur
e2.MapofAl
l
en,
Nor
ther
nSamar

Mani
pa-
awast
heor
igi
nalMal
ayannameofAl
l
enbef
oret
heSpani
sh
 27

col
oni
zat
ionoft
hePhi
l
ippi
nes.Theear
lyf
olksofAl
l
enassoci
atedt
hewor
d

“
Mani
pa-
a”t
oa“
thi
gh-
kneedeep”Sabangr
iverwhi
cht
heyusual
l
ymadeacr
oss.

JuanCabacangandCosmi
anaCaj
andabor
gani
zet
heAl
l
eni
ntoasi
ti
ooft
he

pr
inci
pal
i
tyofCapul
in1775t
oget
herwi
thf
ewCapul
enos.

I
tisnot
edi
nhi
stor
ythatov
er90% oft
hepeopl
ear
eimmi
grant
sor

descendant
sfr
om Camr
ines.The f
ir
stcoupl
etor
each t
he Mani
pa-
afr
om

Bul
usanSor
sogonwer
eLor
enzoGal
l
egoandMar
iaCabahugwi
thsomeoft
hei
r

r
elat
ives.I
n1856,t
hepeopl
einMani
pa-
ahadbeencompl
aini
ngoft
hei
nfi
nit
e

v
exat
ionandmal
i
cet
heyhadsuf
fer
edf
rom Capulaut
hor
it
ies.Thi
sst
art
edwhen

t
heyt
ri
edt
opet
it
ionf
ort
hei
rown“
gober
nador
cil
i
o”.

OnDecember1,
1863,
Mani
pa-
achangedt
oLaGr
anj
adur
ingt
heper
iodof

Spani
sh col
oni
zat
ion.La Gr
anj
a as puebl
o was composed ofei
ghtBar
ri
os

namel
y:Mar
ayong,Li
pat
a,Gi
nagui
tar
an,Lagundi
,Yr
aya,Bangon,Bor
obodi
ongan

andJubasan. ThenameAl
l
enwasgi
venbyt
heAmer
icansi
nhonoroft
he

Amer
icanGener
alHenr
yTur
emanAl
l
en,
themi
l
itar
ygov
ernoroft
heVi
say
asaf
ter

t
hev
ict
oryoft
heAmer
icansov
ert
heSpani
ardsi
nSpai
n–Amer
icanWar
.Iti
s

pol
i
tical
l
ysubdi
vi
dedi
nto20bar
angay
s.

Al
l
eni
slocat
edont
henor
thwest
ernt
ipoft
hepr
ovi
nceOfNor
ther
nSamar
,

bor
der
ingt
hemuni
cipal
i
tyofVi
ctor
iat
othesout
h,t
hemuni
cipal
i
tyofLav
ezar
es

t
otheeast
.It
slocat
ioni
swi
thi
nthegeogr
aphi
calcoor
dinat
esof12degr
eeand

59 mi
nut
es l
ati
tude and 124-
degr
ee 27 mi
nut
es l
ongi
tude.The pr
oject
ed

popul
ati
onofAl
l
en,Nor
ther
nSamari
nthey
ear2020i
s26,947.Al
l
enNor
ther
n

Samari
sknownf
orbei
ngani
mpor
tantpor
tfori
nter
-i
slandt
ranspor
t,speci
fi
cal
l
y
 28

bet
weent
hei
slandofSamarandt
hei
slandofLuzon.

Mer
ri
am (
1998)and St
ake(
2000)asci
ted byBur
ton(
2013)st
rongl
y

st
atedt
hatt
hemosti
mpor
tantpar
tofr
esear
chi
stheappr
opr
iat
esel
ect
ionof

l
ocal
e.Al
l
en,Nor
ther
nSamarwer
esel
ect
edast
hesi
teofi
nter
estduet
oAl
l
en

hasexper
iencedCOVI
D-19.Si
mil
art
oot
herpl
aces,Al
l
en,Nor
ther
nSamaral
so

exper
iencedECQ(
EnhancedCommuni
tyQuar
ant
ine)
,GCQ(
Gener
alCommuni
ty

Quar
ant
ine)andMGCQ (
Modi
fi
edGener
alCommuni
tyQuar
ant
ine)becauseof

t
hei
ncr
easi
ngr
ecor
dercasesdaybyday
.

Resear
chDesi
gn

Thest
udyusedt
hedescr
ipt
ive-
cor
rel
ati
onal
met
hod.

Thedescr
ipt
ivemet
hodwasempl
oyedi
nget
ti
ngt
hei
nfor
mat
ionoft
he

cor
econcer
nwhi
chi
ncl
udest
hepr
ofi
l
eofseni
orci
ti
zens,
seni
orci
ti
zens’
vacci
ne

pr
efer
ences,
andt
hel
evel
ofaccept
anceofCOVI
D-19v
acci
ne.

Thi
sst
udyal
sousedacor
rel
ati
onalmet
hodt
odet
ermi
net
her
elat
ionshi
p

bet
weent
hepr
ofi
l
eoft
heseni
orci
ti
zensandt
hei
rvacci
nepr
efer
ences,t
he

pr
ofi
l
eoft
heseni
orci
ti
zensandt
hei
rlev
elofaccept
ance,andt
hei
rvacci
ne

pr
efer
encesandl
evel
ofaccept
ance.

Sampl
ing

Thi
sst
udyai
medt
oassesst
hel
evelofaccept
anceonCOVI
D-19among

seni
orci
ti
zensi
nAl
l
en,Nor
ther
nSamar
.Hence,t
hisst
udyut
il
izedmul
ti
stage

sampl
i
ng,i
tisdef
inedasasampl
i
ngmet
hodt
hatdi
vi
dest
hepopul
ati
oni
nto
 29

gr
oupsf
orconduct
ingr
esear
ch(
htt
ps:
//www.
quest
ionpr
o.com/
blog/
mul
ti
stage-

sampl
i
ng-
adv
ant
ages-
and-
appl
i
cat
ion/
,Ret
ri
evedonMar
ch3,2021)
.Thef
ir
st

st
age had empl
oyed uni
ver
salsampl
i
ng met
hod i
nthe sel
ect
ion ofseni
or

ci
ti
zensf
rom t
hebar
angay
sinAl
l
en,Nor
ther
nSamar
.Hence,t
her
ewer
e12

bar
angay
sinv
olv
edi
nthest
udy
.Thest
rat
if
iedr
andom sampl
i
ngt
echni
quewas

usedt
oident
if
ytheseni
orci
ti
zen-
respondent
sfr
om t
he12bar
angay
s.Thi
shad

assur
edt
hatal
lseni
orci
ti
zenswer
epossi
bler
espondent
soft
hisst
udy
.

Respondent
s

Ther
espondent
soft
hisst
udywer
etheseni
orci
ti
zensi
nAl
l
en,Nor
ther
n

Samar
.Ther
esear
cher
spr
eferseni
orci
ti
zensf
ort
her
iskofsev
erei
l
lnessf
rom

COVI
D-19i
ncr
easeswi
thage.Thi
siswhyCDCr
ecommendst
hatadul
ts60y
ear
s

andol
derar
eoneoft
hef
ir
stgr
oupst
orecei
veCOVI
D-19v
acci
nes.

Thesehav
emadeat
otalof180r
espondent
swhohadpar
ti
cipat
edi
nthi
s

st
udy
.Thei
rav
ail
abi
l
ityandwi
l
li
ngnesst
oanswert
hesur
veybyshar
ingt
hei
r

r
esponseswer
econsi
der
ed.

Et
hicalConsi
der
ati
ons

Thi
sst
udyensur
edt
ofol
l
owt
her
esear
chet
hicsupongat
her
ingdat
a.The

r
esear
cher
srecor
dandr
epor
tthedat
atobegat
her
edandt
her
esul
ttoex
ecut
e

t
he pr
ocedur
e wi
th al
lhonest
y,obj
ect
ivi
ty,i
ntegr
it
y,and car
eful
ness and

f
oll
owi
ngt
hepr
operpr
otocol
.Respondent
swer
etr
eat
edwel
lconcer
ningt
hei
r

choi
cesandr
esponsesdur
ingt
hedat
agat
her
ing.Mor
eov
er,t
heav
ail
abi
l
ityand
 30

wi
l
li
ngnessoft
her
espondent
stogi
vet
hei
ranswer
sandt
imebypar
ti
cipat
ingi
n

t
hest
udywer
econsi
der
ed.Noconf
ident
ial
i
tyofdat
aandanony
mit
yoft
he

r
espondent
swer
eadopt
ed.

Resear
chI
nst
rument

Sur
veyi
sthei
nst
rumentusedi
nthi
sst
udy
,iti
sdef
inedasar
esear
ch

met
hodusedf
orcol
l
ect
ingdat
afr
om apr
edef
inedgr
oupofr
espondent
stogai
n

i
nfor
mat
ion and i
nsi
ght
s i
nto v
ari
ous t
opi
cs of i
nter
est

(
htt
ps:
//www.
qual
tr
ics.
com/
exper
ience-
management
/resear
ch/
sur
vey
-basi
cs/
,

Ret
ri
evedonMar
ch3,
2021)
.

Onesel
f-
admi
nist
eredpaperandpenci
lsur
veyi
nst
rumentwer
eusedi
n

t
hisst
udyf
ort
heseni
orci
ti
zen-
respondent
s.I
tcomposedoft
hree(
3)par
ts.The

f
ir
stpar
tgat
her
sinf
ormat
ionr
egar
dingt
her
espondent
s’pr
ofi
l
etoev
aluat
est
hei
r

soci
o-demogr
aphi
c.Thesecondpar
tincl
udest
hesur
veyr
egar
dingt
hev
acci
ne

pr
efer
encesoft
heseni
orci
ti
zensand t
het
hir
d par
tev
aluat
est
hel
evelof

accept
ance.

Si
ncet
her
esear
chi
nst
rument
susedi
nthest
udywer
epat
ter
nedaf
tert
he

v
ali
dat
edr
esear
chi
nst
rument
sofot
herr
esear
cher
s,f
urt
herv
ali
dat
ionwasnot

any
mor
eneeded. Howev
er,f
ort
hesakeofi
tsr
elev
anceandaccur
acy
,few

modi
fi
cat
ionswer
eempl
oyed.

Scor
ingandI
nter
pret
ati
on
 31

Thei
temsi
nthesur
veyt
hatwer
eadmi
nist
eredt
other
espondent
swer
e

scor
edandi
nter
pret
edi
nthequant
if
icat
ion:

Thi
sst
udyusedt
hehePhi
l
ippi
neI
nst
it
utef
orDev
elopmentSt
udi
es(
PIDS)

i
ncomecl
assbr
acket
sfort
hecl
assi
fi
cat
ionoft
hehousehol
ds’
income.

Househol
ds’
Income Cat
egor
izat
ion
Bel
owP10,
000 Poor
P10,
001t
oP20,
000 Low-
incomebutnotpoor
P20,
001t
oP30,
000 Lowermi
ddl
e
P30,
001t
oP40,
000 Lowermi
ddl
e
P40,
001andov
er Mi
ddl
e

Thedat
aongat
her
ingt
heat
ti
tudest
owar
dst
hispandemi
candv
acci
ne

pr
efer
enceswer
escor
edandi
nter
pret
edusi
ngt
heGut
tmanScal
e.Thi
sscal
e

wasusedt
odet
ermi
nehow st
rongl
yasur
veyr
espondenthol
dsanopi
nionby

usi
ngaser
iesof“
yes–no”st
atement
s.

Thedat
aont
hei
nst
rumentwer
escor
edandi
nter
pret
edusi
ngt
heLi
ker
t

scal
e.Thi
sscal
ewasusedi
nmeasur
ingr
esponsest
oani
tem orst
atement

whi
chcov
eredt
heaccept
ancei
nCOVI
D-19v
acci
neoft
heseni
orci
ti
zens.

Response Rat
ing Range I
nter
pret
ati
on
St
rongl
yAgr
ee 5 4.
20–5.
00 COVI
D-19v
acci
nesar
e
 32

hi
ghl
yaccept
ed
Agr
ee 4 3.
40–4.
19 COVI
D-19v
acci
nes
accept
ed
Undeci
ded 3 2.
60–3.
39 COVI
D-19v
acci
nes
moder
atel
yaccept
ed
Di
sagr
ee 2 1.
80–2.
59 COVI
D-19v
acci
nesar
e
l
eastaccept
ed
St
rongl
y 1 1.
00–1.
79 COVI
D-19v
acci
nesar
e
Di
sagr
ee notaccept
edatal
l

Dat
aGat
her
ingPr
ocedur
e

I
nthegat
her
ingofdat
afort
hisr
esear
ch,
thef
oll
owi
ngwer
edone:

Ther
esear
cher
saskedper
missi
ont
oconductt
hest
udyf
rom t
heseni
or

hi
ghschool
s’pr
inci
palandr
esear
chr
equest
.Then,t
heappr
ovedper
mitwas

usedi
nthecr
aft
ingoft
hel
ett
erofper
mitt
otheBar
angayCapt
ainsanddel
i
ver
ed

per
sonal
l
ytoeachbar
angay
.

Thesur
veywast
henper
sonal
l
ydi
str
ibut
edbyt
her
esear
cher
stot
he

seni
orci
ti
zens.The pur
pose oft
he st
udy was car
eful
l
y expl
ained t
othe

r
espondent
sandhadassur
edt
hem t
hatt
hei
ranswer
swer
ehel
dwi
thst
ri
ct

conf
ident
ial
i
tyf
oll
owi
ngt
hesaf
etypr
otocol
stot
het
argetr
espondent
s;t
hus,
thi
s

hadencour
agedt
hem t
obesi
ncer
eandhonesti
nthei
rresponses.Responsesof

t
her
espondent
swer
ethent
all
i
edandor
gani
zed,andsubj
ect
stoappr
opr
iat
e

st
ati
sti
cal
anal
ysi
s.
 33

St
ati
sti
calDat
aAnal
ysi
s

I
nthe pr
ocessi
ng ofdat
a,t
he f
oll
owi
ng st
ati
sti
calt
echni
ques wer
e

empl
oyed:

Fr
equencyandPer
cent
age.Thi
susedt
odescr
ibet
hepr
ofi
l
eoft
heseni
or

ci
ti
zensi
nter
msoft
heage,sex,soci
o-economi
cst
atusandt
hei
rat
ti
tudes

t
owar
ds COVI
D-19.Thi
s wi
l
lal
so be used i
n det
ermi
ning t
hei
rvacci
ne

pr
efer
ences.

Regr
essi
onAnal
ysi
s.Thi
sal
sousedt
omeasur
eift
her
ewasasi
gni
fi
cant

r
elat
ionshi
pbet
weent
hei
ndependentv
ari
abl
eanddependentv
ari
abl
e.

Chapt
erI
V

PRESENTATI
ON,
ANALYSI
S,ANDI
NTERPRETATI
ONOFDATA

Pr
ofi
leoft
heRespondent
s

Tabl
e1.
1

Fr
equencyDi
str
ibut
ionoft
heRespondent
sinTer
msofSex

Sex F P
Male 94 52.22%
Female 86 47.78%
TOTAL 180 100%

Tabl
e1.
1showst
hef
requencyandper
cent
agedi
str
ibut
ionoft
heseni
or

ci
ti
zens’pr
ofi
l
eint
ermsofsex.Dat
ahav
eshownt
hatt
her
ear
e86or47.
8%
 34

f
emal
esand94or52.
2%mal
eshav
ingmuchdi
spar
it
yinnumber
.Resul
tshav
e

mani
fest
ed t
hatmaj
ori
tyoft
heseni
orci
ti
zen-
respondent
sresi
ding i
n Al
l
en,

Nor
ther
nSamarar
emal
es.Hence,t
her
eist
hepr
eponder
anceofmal
eseni
or

ci
ti
zens.

The dat
a negat
es t
othe f
indi
ngs ofAl
qudei
matY.
,et
.al(
2021)on

Accept
anceofaCOVI
D-19Vacci
net
hatmostoft
hei
rrespondent
sar
egi
rl
s.

Tabl
e1.
2

Fr
equencyDi
stri
buti
onoftheRespondent
sinTer
msof
HighestEducat
ionalAt
tai
nment

Educati
onal Att
ainment F P
CollegeGr aduat e 25 13.89%
CollegeLev el 26 14.44%
Hi
ghSchool Graduat e 41 22.78%
HighSchool Level 40 22.22%
El
ement aryGr aduate 18 10%
El
ement aryLev el 30 16.67%
TOTAL 180 100%
As shown i nt abl
e 1.
2,25 or13.9% oft
he r
espondents ar
e col
l
ege

gr
aduat
e;26or14.
4%acqui
redcol
l
egel
evel
;41or22.
8%compl
etedhi
ghschool
;

40or22.
2%ear
nedhi
ghschooll
evel
;18or10%f
ini
shedt
hei
rel
ement
ary
;and30

or16.
7%ar
eel
ement
aryl
evel
.Thi
smeant
hatol
derFi
l
ipi
nosexhi
bitar
elat
ivel
y

l
ow educat
ionalpr
ofi
l
e,wi
thhi
ghschooleducat
ionast
hemodaleducat
ional

at
tai
nment
.Mor
eov
er,t
hel
evelofeducat
ionhasast
rongeref
fectonpeopl
e’
s

wi
l
li
ngnesst
ogett
hev
acci
ne.

Ov
eral
l
,thi
sresul
taf
fi
rmst
othest
udyofLeeM.
,et
.al(
2020)t
hatmaj
ori
ty

oft
heseni
orci
ti
zenshadahi
ghschool
dipl
oma.

Tabl
e1.
3
 35

Fr
equencyDi
str
ibut
ionoft
heRespondent
sinTer
msofHousehol
dMont
hly

I
ncome

Househol dI
ncome F P
P40,001andover 10 5.
56%
P20,001–30,000 8 4.
44%
P10,001–20,000 20 11.11%
P10,000andbelow 142 78.89%
TOTAL 180 100%

Tabl
e1.
3showst
hef
requencyandper
cent
agedi
str
ibut
ionoft
heseni
or

ci
ti
zens’pr
ofi
l
eint
ermsofhousehol
d mont
hlyi
ncome.Speci
fi
cal
l
y,142 or

78.
89% oft
her
espondent
s’househol
ds’i
ncomei
slesst
hanP10,000;20or

11.
11% whose househol
d’i
ncome i
sP 10,
001 t
o 20,
000;8 or4.
44% hav
e

i
ndi
cat
edt
hatt
hei
rhousehol
ds’
mont
hlyi
ncomer
angesf
rom P20,
001t
o30,
000;

and10or5.
56%whosehousehol
dincomer
angesf
rom P40,
001t
o50,
000.Thi
s

showst
hatt
hemaj
ori
tyoft
her
espondent
s’househol
ds’i
ncomei
slesst
hanP

10,
000.Thi
scanbei
nfer
redt
hatt
hef
ami
l
iesoft
her
espondent
sar
epoor
.

Thi
sresul
tnegat
est
hef
indi
ngsofAl
-Qer
em W.&Jar
abA(
2020)whi
ch

av
err
edt
hatmostoft
her
espondent
s’househol
dsal
aryf
allbet
weenP20,
001t
o

30,
000.

Tabl
e1.
4

Fr
equencyandRanki
ngoftheRespondent
sinTer
msofAt
ti
tudest
owar
d
COVID-
19Pandemic

At
ti
tudest
owar
dCOVI
D-19pandemi
c Rank YES NO
f P F P
Doy
ouworr
yaboutcontract
ingCOVID-
19? 1 130 72.
2 50 27
Doy
ouavoi
dcrowdedplaces? 8.
5 107 59.
4 73 59. 4
Doy
ouwashyourhandsmor efr
equent
ly? 8.
5 107 59.
4 73 59. 4
 36

Doy ouhav eaccess( cany oubuyorr ecei

ve) 4.
5 114 63.
3 66 36.
7
toalcohol,handsani t
izer?(orhaveyou
boughtmor erecently
)
Doy oukeepadi stancefrom peoplewith 6 110 61.
1 70 38.
9
i
nf l
uenza-l
ikesy mptoms?( flu/
colds)
Doy oulimitcontact?(suchashandshakes) 4.
5 114 63.
3 66 36.
7
Doy ouwearaf acemask? 2 120 66.
7 60 33.
3
Doy ouwearaf aceshi el
d? 9 100 55.
5 80 44.
4
Doy oulist
enandf oll
owt hedirect
ionofyour 3 119 66.
1 61 33.
9
stateorlocalauthorit
ies?

Theov
eral
lresul
tsi
nTabl
e1.
4showedt
hatmostoft
heseni
orci
ti
zens

r
espondent
swer
eincl
i
nedt
owar
dsaf
etyandgoodheal
th.Thehi
ghestr
anked

r
esponsescor
ewast
o“Doy
ouwor
ryaboutcont
ract
ingCOVI
D-19?
”fol
l
owedby

“
Doy
ouwearaf
acemask?
”,“
Doy
oul
i
stenandf
oll
owt
hedi
rect
ionofy
ourst
ate

orl
ocalaut
hor
it
ies?
”,“
Doy
ouhav
eaccess(
cany
oubuyorr
ecei
ve)t
oal
cohol
,

handsani
ti
zer
?(orhav
eyouboughtmor
erecent
ly)
”and“
Doy
oul
i
mitcont
act
?

(
suchashandshakes)
”,“
Doy
oukeepadi
stancef
rom peopl
ewi
thi
nfl
uenza-
li
ke

sy
mpt
oms?(
fl
u/col
ds)
”,“
Doy
ouav
oidcr
owdedpl
aces?
”and“
Doy
ouwashy
our

handsmor
efr
equent
ly?
”,and“
Doy
ouwearaf
aceshi
eld?
”.

Thi
sfi
ndi
ngwassi
mil
art
othest
udyofHat
abuA.et
.al(
2021)wher
ethe

hi
ghestr
esponsescor
ewast
o“Iknowi
t’
simpor
tantt
oav
oidencl
osedspaces,

cr
owdedar
eas,andcl
osesi
tuat
ions.
”Hi
ghscor
eswer
eal
soobt
ainedi
nthe

knowl
edgeorawar
enessoft
hei
nfect
iousr
out
es,v
italsi
gns,t
hesev
eri
tyoft
he

v
irus,pr
event
ati
vemeasur
es(
e.g.
,handwashi
ng,mask-
wear
ing)
.Addi
ti
onal
l
y,

68.
5% of r
espondent
s showed a posi
ti
ve at
ti
tude t
owar
d ear
ly dr
ug

admi
nist
rat
ion.
 37

Vacci
nePr
efer
ences

Tabl
e2.
Fr
equencyandRanki
ngoft
heVacci
nePr
efer
encesbyt
heSeni
orCi
ti
zens
Vacci
nes Rank Yes No
f P f P
Ast r
aZeneca 3 25 13.9% 155 86.
1%
Gamael ya 7 11 6.
1% 169 93.
9%
Johnson&Johnson 5 16 8.
9% 164 91.
1%
(JanssenPharmaceut
ica)
Moder na 4 17 9.
4% 163 90.5%
Nov avax 6 14 7.
8% 166 92.2%
Pfizer 1 54 30% 126 70%
Sinovac 2 53 29.4% 127 70.6%

Tabl
e2pr
esent
sthef
requencyandr
anki
ngoft
hev
acci
nepr
efer
encesof

t
heseni
orci
ti
zens.Outofone-
hundr
edei
ght
y(180)r
espondent
s,f
if
ty-
four(
54)

or30%oft
hem pr
efert
hePf
izer
;fi
ft
y-t
hree(
53)want
sSi
nov
ac;t
went
y-f
ive(
25)

chooseAst
raZeneca;Moder
na,Johnson&Johnson(
JanssenPhar
maceut
ica)
,

Nov
avax,andGamal
eyawi
th17(
9.4%)
,16(
8.9%)
,14(
7.8%)
,and11(
6.1%)ar
e

r
ankedr
espect
ivel
y.Thi
sindi
cat
est
hatmaj
ori
tyofseni
orci
ti
zen-r
espondent
s

pr
efert
hev
acci
ne,
howev
er,
onl
y54or(
30%)want
stobev
acci
nat
edwi
thPf
izer
.

Thi
saf
fi
rmst
hest
udyofMal
aniP.et
.al(
2021)wher
ethepr
efer
red

v
acci
neoft
heseni
orci
ti
zensi
sPf
izerf
ori
thasav
acci
neef
fi
cacygr
eat
ert
han

90%.

Lev
elofAccept
anceont
heCOVI
D-19Vacci
ne

Tabl
e3.
1
Descr
ipt
iveSt
ati
sti
csont
heLev
elofAccept
anceast
otheConcer
nsaboutt
he
 38

Vacci
ne
Speci
fi
cIndi
cat
ors N Wei
ght
ed I
nter
pret
ati
on
Mean
Iam concernedaboutthev accine 180 3.
92 Accept
ed
effi
cacy
Iam concernedaboutthev accinesafet
y 180 3.
83 Accept
ed
andsideef f
ects
Itmighttr
ansmitthevirustome 180 3.
53 Accept
ed
Thev acci
newillbenew, Iwon’tbethe 180 3.6 Accept
ed
fir
sttogetthevacci
ne
Iam concernedaboutthev accineri
gorof 180 3.
62 Accept
ed
testi
ng
Thev acci
nemaycont ainheavymet alsor 180 3.
44 Accept
ed
oddmat eri
als
Vaccinati
oncauseautism 180 3.
28 Moder
atel
y
Accept
ed
Thev accinemayaf fectf
erti
li
ty 180 3.
39 Accept
ed
Notconv i
ncedthati twil
lbeeffect
ive, 180 3.
46 Accept
ed
l
ookatt hefluvaccine
Myi mmunesy stem i sweakandIcan’ t 180 3.
78 Accept
ed
takeinactivevaccines/Ihaveanallergyto
manysubst ancesandImayhav ean
all
ergytot hisvaccine
Idon’tthinkthatIcanaf for
dthev accine 180 3.
39 Moder
atel
y
Accept
ed
Gr
andMean 180 3.
57 Accept
ed

Tabl
e3.
1ref
lect
stheconcer
nsaboutt
hev
acci
neoft
heseni
orci
ti
zensi
n

Al
l
en,
Nor
ther
nSamar
.

Gener
all
y,wi
tht
hegr
andmeanof3.
57,i
tshowst
hatt
heseni
orci
ti
zens

“
accept
ed”t
hespeci
fi
cindi
cat
orssuchas:concer
nedaboutt
hev
acci
neef
fi
cacy

wi
tht
hehi
ghestmeanof3.
92,t
heconcer
nedaboutt
hev
acci
nesaf
etyandsi
de

ef
fect
swi
thameanof3.
83andconcer
nedaboutt
heweaki
mmunesy
stem wi
th
 39

ameanof3.
78.Whi
l
econcer
nedofwhocanaf
for
dthev
acci
newi
thameanof

3.
39andconcer
nedt
hatv
acci
nat
ionmaycauseaut
ism wer
ethet
woi
ndi
cat
ors

hav
ingt
hel
owestf
requency
.

Ov
eral
l
,thi
sresul
taf
fi
rmst
othest
udyofAl
qudei
tmatY.(
2021)wher
e

maj
ori
tyoft
hepar
ti
cipant
swer
emost
lyconcer
nedaboutt
heef
fi
cacyandsaf
ety
.

Tabl
e3.
2

Descr
ipt
iveSt
ati
sti
csont
heLev
elofAcceptanceast
otheNeedf
orAddi
ti
onal
Inf
ormati
on
Speci
fi
cIndi
cat
ors N Wei
ghted I
nter
pret
ati
on
Mean
Itdependsonwhatmydoct or 180 3.96 Accept
ed
recommends
Itdependsonthescaleoft hepandemi cat 180 3.
67 Accept
ed
thetimeofthev acci
ne.Ifverylow,Imay
notdoi t
Idon’twantav acci
neIknownot hi
ng 180 3.
72 Accept
ed
about.I’
l
lmakemydeci sionif
/whenone
becomesav ai
lable
GrandMean 180 3.
78 Accept
ed

Tabl
e3.
2showst
her
esponsesoft
her
espondent
stowar
dtheneedf
or

addi
ti
oni
nfor
mat
ionont
hev
acci
neandt
hev
acci
nat
ion.

Wi
tht
hegr
andmeanof3.
78,t
het
abl
eshowst
hatt
heseni
orci
ti
zens

“
accept
ed”t
hei
ndi
cat
ors.Theywer
eal
someasur
edbyt
hef
oll
owi
ngi
ndi
cat
ors:

dependi
ngonwhatt
hedoct
orr
ecommendshadt
hehi
ghestmeanof4.
0.Whi
l
e

dependi
ngont
hescal
eoft
hepandemi
catt
het
imeoft
hev
acci
neanddeci
ding

i
f/whenonebecomesav
ail
abl
efort
heydonotany
thi
ngaboutt
hev
acci
newi
th
 40

samemeanof3.
8,i
thadi
nthel
owestmeanbutst
il
lint
hesamescal
eof

“
accept
ed”
.Thi
sindi
cat
est
hatt
heseni
orci
ti
zensneedaddi
ti
onali
nfor
mat
ionon

t
hev
acci
neandt
hev
acci
nat
ion.

Thi
saf
fi
rmst
oCent
ersf
orDi
seaseCont
rolandPr
event
ion(
CDC)t
hat

publ
i
cneedst
oknowkeyt
hingsaboutCOVI
D-19v
acci
nes.

Tabl
e3.
3

Descr
ipt
iveSt
ati
sti
csontheLevelofAccept
anceastothei
rAt
ti
tudest
owar
d
COVI
D-19vacci
nebyt heSeni
orCi
ti
zens
Speci
fi
cIndi
cat
ors N Wei
ghted I
nter
pret
ati
on
Mean
Idon’
tfeel
I’
m atr
isk 180 3.37 Moder
atel
y
Accept
ed
Iam r
eli
giousandGodwi
l
lpr
otectme 180 3.
35 Moder
atel
y
Accept
ed
Idon’
ttakev
acci
nesatal
l 180 3.
23 Moder
atel
y
Accept
ed
Iam scaredt
oputf oreignobj
ectsinmy 180 3.
37 Moder
atel
y
body Accept
ed
Iwouldsaythatthevaccineshouldgoto 180 3.
44 Accept
ed
thepeoplewhoar emostr i
skof
contr
acti
ngitbeforeIgetitbecauseIam
notputt
ingmy sel
fatrisk
GrandMean 180 3.
35 Moder
atel
y
Accepted

Tabl
e3.
3showst
her
esponsesoft
her
espondent
stowar
dthei
rat
ti
tudes

ont
hev
acci
ne.

Wi
tht
hegr
andmeanof3.
35,t
het
abl
eshowst
hatt
heseni
orci
ti
zens

“
moder
atel
yaccept
ed”t
hef
oll
owi
ngi
ndi
cat
ors.Theywer
eal
someasur
edbyt
he

f
oll
owi
ngi
ndi
cat
ors:t
hev
acci
neshoul
dgot
othepeopl
ewhoar
emostr
iskof
 41

cont
ract
ingi
tbef
oreget
ti
ngi
tandnotput
ti
ngmy
sel
fatr
iskhadt
hehi
ghest

meanof3.
44.Whi
l
enott
aki
nganyv
acci
nesatal
lhadt
hel
owestwei
ght
edmean

wi
th3.
23.

Thi
sresul
tnegat
est
hest
udyofAl
-Qer
em W &Jar
abA.(
2021)whi
cht
he

secondmostment
ionedr
easonsr
epr
esent
edat
ti
tudest
owar
dsv
acci
nesst
ated

t
hatt
heydonott
akesv
acci
nesatal
lwi
th52.
3%oft
hosewhoanswer
ed“
No”
.

Tabl
e3.
4

Descr
ipt
iveSt
ati
sti
csont
heLev
elofAccept
ancei
nter
msofLackofTr
ust
Speci
fi
cIndi
cat
ors N Wei
ghted I
nter
pret
ati
on
Mean
Anyv accinemadef ort
hisvir
usIdonot 180 3.47 Accept
ed
trust
Ifthegov ernmentr ecommendedi tus,I 180 2.
94 Moder
atel
y
wi l
ltakei t Accept
ed
Ther ei snowayIt rustbigpharmaceutical 180 3.
14 Moder
atel
y
compani es Accept
ed
I’
mt hi nkingav accinenowmi ghtbe 180 3.
15 Moder
atel
y
appr ov edtooqui cklybecauseofpol i
ti
cal Accept
ed
pressur e
Ibeliev ethatthisv i
ruswasdev elopedby 180 3.
34 Moder
atel
y
thegov ernmentandIwantt akeany Accept
ed
vacci ne
GrandMean 180 3.
21 Moder
atel
y
Accepted

Tabl
e3.
2showst
her
esponsesoft
her
espondent
stowar
dthei
rlackof

t
rustont
hev
acci
ne.

Wi
tht
hegr
andmeanof3.
21,t
het
abl
eshowst
hatt
heseni
orci
ti
zens
 42

“
moder
atel
yaccept
ed”t
hespeci
fi
cindi
cat
ors.Theywer
eal
someasur
edbyt
he

f
oll
owi
ngi
ndi
cat
ors:bel
i
evi
ngt
hatt
hisv
iruswasdev
elopedbyt
hegov
ernment

andwon’
ttakeanyv
acci
nehadt
hehi
ghestmeanof3.
47.Whi
l
enot
rustt
obi
g

phar
maceut
ical
compani
eshadt
hel
owestwei
ght
edmeanwi
th3.
14.

Thi
snegat
est
hest
udyofAl
-Qer
em W & Jar
ab A.(
2021)whi
ch t
he

r
espondent
sbel
i
evedt
hatt
hev
acci
nemi
ghthav
ebeenappr
ovedt
ooqui
ckl
y

becauseofpol
i
tical
pressur
e.

Summaryoft
heLev
elofAccept
anceoft
heSeni
orCi
ti
zensonCOVI
D-19
Vacci
ne
Tabl
e3.
5
Summar
yofLev
elofAccept
anceoft
heSeni
orCi
ti
zens
Speci
fi
cIndi
cat
ors N Wei
ghted I
nter
pret
ati
o
Mean n
Concer
nsaboutthevaccine 180 3.57 Accept
ed
Needforaddi
ti
onalI
nformati
on 180 3.78 Accept
ed
Att
it
udestowardCOVID-19vacci
ne 180 3.35 Moderatel
y
Accept
ed
LackofTr
ust 180 3.
21 Moderatel
y
Accept
ed
Gr
andMean 180 3.
47 Accept
ed

Tabl
e3.
5showst
heov
eral
lresponsesoft
her
espondent
stowar
dthei
r

l
evel
ofaccept
anceonCOVI
D-19v
acci
ne.

Wi
tht
hegr
andmeanof3.
41,t
het
abl
eshowst
hatt
heseni
orci
ti
zens

“
accept
ed”t
hei
ndi
cat
orsont
heCOVI
D-19v
acci
ne.Theywer
eal
someasur
edby

t
hef
oll
owi
ngi
ndi
cat
ors:concer
nsaboutt
hev
acci
ne,
needaddi
ti
onali
nfor
mat
ion,

at
ti
tudes,
andl
ackoft
rust
.Needf
oraddi
ti
onali
nfor
mat
ionhadt
hehi
ghestmean
 43

of3.
78,
whi
l
elackoft
rusthadt
hel
owestwei
ght
edmeanwi
th3.
21.

Thi
sfi
ndi
ngconf
ir
mst
hest
udyofLazar
us(
2020)t
hatt
her
espondent
s

woul
dtakeav
acci
nei
fitwer
epr
ovensaf
eandef
fect
iv  
e.

TestofRel
ati
onshi
p bet
ween t
he Pr
ofi
le oft
he Seni
orCi
ti
zens and t
hei
r
Vacci
nePr
efer
ences

Tabl
e4.

Regr
essi
onAnal
ysi
st otestt
heRelat
ionshi
pbetweenProfi
leoft
heSeni
or
Ci
tizensandthei
rVaccinePr
eferences

Var i
ables Si
gnif
icantF RsquareX100 Interpretati
on
Sex 0.26 0.70% NotSi gnifi
cant
Educat i
onal 0.006 4.03% Signif
icant
At t
ainment
Income 0.
13 1.20% NotSi
gni
fi
cant
Att
itudestoward 2.
08 16.22% NotSi
gni
fi
cant
COVID-19pandemic

Tabl
e5pr
esent
sther
egr
essi
onanal
ysi
stot
estt
her
elat
ionshi
pbet
ween

pr
ofi
l
eoft
heseni
orci
ti
zensandt
hei
rvacci
nepr
efer
ences.

Gener
all
y,t
he t
abl
eindi
cat
es t
hatt
her
eisno si
gni
fi
cantr
elat
ionshi
p

bet
weent
hepr
ofi
l
eoft
heseni
orci
ti
zensi
nter
msofsex,i
ncome,andat
ti
tudes

t
owar
dthi
spandemi
candt
hei
rvacci
nepr
efer
enceswhi
l
efoundsi
gni
fi
cant
ly

r
elat
edt
othei
reducat
ionalat
tai
nmenti
nAl
l
en,Nor
ther
nSamar
.Hence,t
henul
l

hy
pot
hesi
shasbeenaccept
edt
hatt
her
eisnosi
gni
fi
cantr
elat
ionbet
weent
he

pr
ofi
l
eoft
heseni
orci
ti
zensi
nter
msofsex,househol
ds’i
ncome,andat
ti
tudes

t
owar
dthi
spandemi
candt
hei
rvacci
nepr
efer
encesat0.
05l
evelofsi
gni
fi
cance
 44

andbeenr
eject
edont
hesi
gni
fi
cantr
elat
ionshi
pbet
weent
hepr
ofi
l
eoft
heseni
or

ci
ti
zensast
othei
reducat
ionalat
tai
nmentandt
hei
rvacci
nepr
efer
ences.Thi
s

meanst
hatt
hesex,
income,
andt
hei
rat
ti
tudesi
snotsi
gni
fi
cant
lyr
elat
edt
othei
r

v
acci
nepr
efer
encesandsi
gni
fi
cant
lyr
elat
edt
othei
reducat
ional
att
ainment
.

Thi
sfi
ndi
ng negat
es t
othe st
udyofEi
l
ers(
2017)t
hatt
he v
acci
ne

pr
efer
encesofani
ndi
vi
dualar
eaf
fect
edbyt
hei
rsoci
o-demogr
aphi
c,speci
fi
cal
l
y

t
hei
rheal
thandt
hei
rage.

TestofRel
ati
onshi
pbet
weent
hePr
ofi
leoft
heSeni
orCi
ti
zensandt
hei
rLev
el
ofAccept
ance

Tabl
e5.
1

Regressi
onAnaly
sist
ot estt
heRelat
ionshi
pbet
weenProf
il
eoftheSenior
Citi
zensandthei
rLevelofAccept
anceastoConcer
nsaboutt
heVaccine

Var i
ables Si
gnif
icantF RsquareX100 Int
erpret
ati
on
Sex 0.
76 0.05% NotSigni
fi
cant
Educat i
onal 0.
14 1.2% NotSigni
fi
cant
At t
ainment
Income 0.
12 1.
38% NotSi
gni
fi
cant
Att
itudestoward 0.
79 0.
04% NotSi
gni
fi
cant
COVID-19pandemic

Tabl
e4.
1pr
esent
sther
egr
essi
onanal
ysi
stot
estt
her
elat
ionshi
pbet
ween

pr
ofi
l
eoft
heseni
orci
ti
zensandt
hei
rlev
elofaccept
anceast
oconcer
nsabout

t
hev
acci
ne.

Gener
all
y,t
he t
abl
eindi
cat
es t
hatt
her
eis no si
gni
fi
cantr
elat
ionshi
p

bet
weent
hepr
ofi
l
eoft
heseni
orci
ti
zensandt
hei
rlev
elofaccept
anceast
o
 45

concer
nst
othev
acci
nei
nAl
l
en,
Nor
ther
nSamar
.Hence,
thenul
lhy
pot
hesi
swas

accept
edat0.
05l
evelofsi
gni
fi
cancet
hatt
her
eisnosi
gni
fi
cantr
elat
ionbet
ween

t
hepr
ofi
l
eoft
heseni
orci
ti
zensandt
hei
rlev
elofaccept
anceast
oconcer
ns

aboutt
hev
acci
ne.Thi
smeanst
hatt
hei
rsex,educat
ionalat
tai
nment
,income,

andat
ti
tudesi
snotsi
gni
fi
cant
lyr
elat
edt
othel
evel
ofaccept
anceast
oconcer
ns

t
othev
acci
ne.

Thi
sfi
ndi
ng negat
es t
he st
udy ofLaz
arus (
2020)t
hatt
he l
evelof

accept
anceoft
heseni
orci
ti
zensdependsont
hei
rpr
ofi
l
e.

Tabl
e5.
2

Regr
essi
onAnalysistotestt
heRelati
onshipbet
weenProfi
leoftheSenior
Ci
ti
zensandthei
rLevelofAcceptanceastotheNeedforAddi
tionalI
nfor
mation

Var i
ables Si
gnif
icantF RsquareX100 Interpretati
on
Sex 0.
40 0.39% NotSi gnifi
cant
Educat i
onal 0.
02 3.08% Signif
icant
At t
ainment
Income 0.
40 0.4% NotSi
gni
fi
cant
Att
itudestoward 0.
07 1.84% NotSi
gni
fi
cant
COVID-19pandemic

Tabl
e4.
2pr
esent
sther
egr
essi
onanal
ysi
stot
estt
her
elat
ionshi
pbet
ween

pr
ofi
l
eoft
heseni
orci
ti
zensandt
hei
rlev
elofaccept
anceast
otheneedf
or

addi
ti
onal
inf
ormat
ion.

Gener
all
y,t
he t
abl
eindi
cat
es t
hatt
her
eis no si
gni
fi
cantr
elat
ionshi
p

bet
weent
hepr
ofi
l
eoft
heseni
orci
ti
zensi
nter
msofsex,i
ncome,andat
ti
tudes

t
owar
dthi
spandemi
candt
hei
rlev
elofaccept
anceast
oconcer
nst
othev
acci
ne

whi
l
efoundsi
gni
fi
cant
lyr
elat
edt
othei
reducat
ionalat
tai
nmenti
nAl
l
en,
Nor
ther
n
 46

Samar
.Hence,
thenul
lhy
pot
hesi
shasbeenaccept
edt
hatt
her
eisnosi
gni
fi
cant

r
elat
ionbet
weent
hepr
ofi
l
eoft
heseni
orci
ti
zensi
nter
msofsex,i
ncome,and

at
ti
tudest
owar
dst
hispandemi
candt
hei
rlev
elofaccept
anceast
otheneedf
or

addi
ti
onali
nfor
mat
ionat0.
05l
evelofsi
gni
fi
cance.Howev
er,t
henul
lhy
pot
hesi
s

hasbeenr
eject
edbet
weent
hepr
ofi
l
eoft
heseni
orci
ti
zensi
nter
msoft
hei
r

educat
ionalat
tai
nmentand t
hei
raccept
ance as t
othe need f
oraddi
ti
onal

i
nfor
mat
ionat0.
05l
evelofsi
gni
fi
cance.Thi
smeanst
hatt
hesex,i
ncome,and

t
hei
rat
ti
tudest
owar
dthi
spandemi
cisnotsi
gni
fi
cant
lyr
elat
edt
othel
evelof

accept
anceast
otheneedf
oraddi
ti
onali
nfor
mat
ionandsi
gni
fi
cant
lyr
elat
edt
o

t
hei
reducat
ional
att
ainment
.

Thi
sfi
ndi
ngnegat
est
hest
udyofHar
apan(
2020)t
hatt
heaccept
ancyof

t
he r
espondent
s whet
hert
he v
acci
ne i
fef
fect
ive and saf
e based on t
hei
r

i
nfor
mat
ionhadameasur
abl
einf
luenceont
hei
rpr
ofi
l
es.

Tabl
e5.
3

Regressi
onAnaly
sistoTesttheRelat
ionshi
pbetweenProf
il
eoftheSeni
or
Cit
izensandt
heirLevelofAccept
anceast othei
rAt
ti
tudest
owardCOVID-91
Vaccine

Var i
ables Si
gnif
icantF RsquareX100 Interpretati
on
Sex 0.
21 0.90% NotSi gnifi
cant
Educat i
onal 0.
03 2.74% Signif
icant
At t
ainment
Income 0.
35 0.
48% NotSi
gni
fi
cant
Att
itudestoward 0.
91 0.006% NotSi
gni
fi
cant
COVID-19pandemic

Tabl
e4.
3pr
esent
sther
egr
essi
onanal
ysi
stot
estt
her
elat
ionshi
pbet
ween
 47

pr
ofi
l
eoft
heseni
orci
ti
zensandt
hei
rlev
elofaccept
anceast
othei
rat
ti
tudes

t
owar
dCOVI
D-19v
acci
ne.

Gener
all
y,t
he t
abl
eindi
cat
es t
hatt
her
eisno si
gni
fi
cantr
elat
ionshi
p

bet
weent
hepr
ofi
l
eoft
heseni
orci
ti
zensi
nter
msofsex,i
ncome,andat
ti
tudes

t
owar
dthi
spandemi
candt
hei
rlev
elofaccept
anceast
othei
rat
ti
tudest
owar
d

COVI
D-19 v
acci
ne whi
l
efound si
gni
fi
cant
lyr
elat
ed t
o t
hei
r educat
ional

at
tai
nmenti
n Al
l
en,Nor
ther
n Samar
.Hence,t
he nul
lhy
pot
hesi
s has been

accept
edt
hatt
her
eisnosi
gni
fi
cantr
elat
ionbet
weent
hepr
ofi
l
eoft
heseni
or

ci
ti
zensi
nter
msofsex,i
ncome,andat
ti
tudest
owar
dCOVI
D-19pandemi
cand

t
hei
rlev
elofaccept
anceast
othei
rat
ti
tudest
owar
dCOVI
D-19v
acci
neatl
evel

0.
05ofsi
gni
fi
canceandhasbeenr
eject
edbet
weent
hepr
ofi
l
eoft
heseni
or

ci
ti
zensast
othei
reducat
ionalat
tai
nmentandl
evelofaccept
anceandt
hei
rlev
el

ofaccept
anceast
othei
rat
ti
tudest
owar
dCOVI
D-19v
acci
ne.Thi
smeanst
hat

t
hesex,i
ncome,andt
hei
rat
ti
tudesi
snotsi
gni
fi
cant
lyr
elat
edt
othel
evelof

accept
anceast
othei
rat
ti
tudesandsi
gni
fi
cant
lyr
elat
edt
othei
reducat
ional

at
tai
nment
.

Thi
sfi
ndi
ngnegat
est
hest
udyofPaul(
2020)t
hatt
heaccept
ancyast
o

t
heat
ti
tudesoft
her
espondent
sdependsont
hei
rsoci
o-demogr
aphi
cpr
ofi
l
e.

Tabl
e5.
4

Regr
essi
onAnaly
sistotestt
heRelati
onshi
pbet
weenProfi
leoft
heSeni
or
Ci
ti
zensandthei
rLevelofAccept
anceast
othei
rLackofTrust

Vari
ables Si
gnif
icantF RsquareX100 Int
erpret
ati
on
Sex 0.
25 0.74% NotSigni
fi
cant
Educati
onal 0.
63 0.13% NotSigni
fi
cant
 48

Attai
nment
I
ncome 0.
24 0.7% NotSignif
icant
Att
it
udestowar
d 0.
02 3.24% Signif
icant
COVI
D-19pandemic

Tabl
e5.
4pr
esent
sther
egr
essi
onanal
ysi
stot
estt
her
elat
ionshi
pbet
ween

pr
ofi
l
eoft
heseni
orci
ti
zensandt
hei
rlev
elofaccept
anceast
othei
rlackoft
rust
.

Gener
all
y,t
he t
abl
eindi
cat
es t
hatt
her
eisno si
gni
fi
cantr
elat
ionshi
p

bet
weent
hepr
ofi
l
eoft
heseni
orci
ti
zensi
nter
msofsex,
educat
ionalat
tai
nment
,

andhousehol
ds’i
ncomeandt
hei
rlev
elofaccept
anceast
othei
rlackoft
rust

whi
l
efoundsi
gni
fi
cant
lyr
elat
edt
othei
rat
ti
tudesont
hepandemi
cinAl
l
en,

Nor
ther
nSamar
.Hence,t
henul
lhy
pot
hesi
shasbeenaccept
edt
hatt
her
eisno

si
gni
fi
cantr
elat
ionbet
weent
hepr
ofi
l
eoft
heseni
orci
ti
zensi
nter
msofsex,

educat
ionalat
tai
nment
,andhousehol
ds’
incomeandt
hei
rlev
elofaccept
anceas

t
othei
rlackoft
rustatl
evel
0.05ofsi
gni
fi
cance.Thi
smeanst
hatt
hesex,
income,

andt
hei
rat
ti
tudesi
snotsi
gni
fi
cant
lyr
elat
edt
othel
evelofaccept
anceast
othe

need ofaddi
ti
onali
nfor
mat
ion and si
gni
fi
cant
lyr
elat
ed t
othei
reducat
ional

at
tai
nment
.

Thi
sfi
ndi
ngr
unspar
all
elt
othest
udyofLat
kin(
2021)whi
chi
ndi
cat
edt
hat

v
acci
net
rustwassi
gni
fi
cant
lyassoci
atedwi
thi
ndi
vi
dualsoci
odemogr
aphi
cand

behav
ior
alf
act
ors.

TestofRel
ati
onshipbet
weent
heVacci
nePr
efer
encesand
thei
rLevelofAccept
ance

Tabl
e6.
 49

Regr
essi
onAnal
ysi
stotesttheRelat
ionshi
pbetweentheVacci
nePr
efer
ences
oft
heSeniorCit
izensandLevelofAccept
ance

Variables Si
gnif
icantF RsquareX100 Int
erpret
ati
on
Concernsaboutt he 0.
66 0.11% NotSigni
fi
cant
vaccine
Needf oraddi t
ional 0.
004 4.
60% Si
gni
fi
cant
infor
mat ion
At
tit
udest owar ds 0.
002 5% Si
gni
fi
cant
theCOVI D-19
v
accines
Lackoft rust 0.
002 5.
47% Si
gni
fi
cant

Tabl
e6pr
esent
sther
egr
essi
onanal
ysi
stot
estt
her
elat
ionshi
pbet
ween

t
hev
acci
nepr
efer
encesoft
heseni
orci
ti
zensandl
evel
ofaccept
ance.

Gener
all
y,t
he t
abl
eindi
cat
es t
hatt
her
eis a si
gni
fi
cantr
elat
ionshi
p

bet
weent
hev
acci
nepr
efer
encesoft
heseni
orci
ti
zensandl
evelofaccept
ance

al
ong wi
tht
he need f
oraddi
ti
onali
nfor
mat
ion,at
ti
tudes t
owar
d COVI
D-19

v
acci
ne,andt
hei
rlackoft
rustwhi
l
efoundnotsi
gni
fi
cant
lyr
elat
edt
othei
r

concer
nsaboutt
hev
acci
ne.Hence,t
henul
lhy
pot
hesi
shasbeenr
eject
edsi
nce

t
her
eis si
gni
fi
cantr
elat
ion bet
ween t
he v
acci
ne pr
efer
ences oft
he seni
or

ci
ti
zensandt
hei
rlev
elofaccept
anceat0.
05l
evelofsi
gni
fi
cancewhi
l
eaccept
ed

bet
weent
her
elat
ionshi
pofv
acci
nepr
efer
encesandt
hei
rlev
elofaccept
anceas

t
othei
rconcer
nsaboutt
hev
acci
nes.Thi
smeanst
hatt
hei
rvacci
nepr
efer
ences

ar
esi
gni
fi
cant
lyr
elat
edt
othei
rlev
elofaccept
anceast
otheneedf
oraddi
ti
onal

i
nfor
mat
ion,at
ti
tudest
owar
dst
heCOVI
D-19v
acci
nes,andl
ackoft
rustandnot

si
gni
fi
cant
lyr
elat
edt
othei
rconcer
nsaboutt
hev
acci
ne.

Thi
s st
udyconf
ir
ms t
he st
udyofBor
ri
ell
o(2021)t
hatt
he i
ndi
vi
dual
 50

v
acci
nepr
efer
enceshadani
nfl
uenceupont
hel
evel
ofaccept
ance.

Chapt
erV

SUMMARY,
CONCLUSI
ON,
IMPLI
CATI
ONS,
ANDRECOMMENDATI
ONS

Summar
y

Thi
sst
udysoughtt
ofi
ndoutt
heaccept
anceont
heCOVI
D-19v
acci
nei
n

Al
l
en,Nor
ther
n Samar
,as per
cei
ved by t
he seni
orci
ti
zens.Speci
fi
cal
l
y,i
t

descr
ibed t
he pr
ofi
l
e oft
he seni
orci
ti
zens i
nter
ms ofsex,educat
ional

at
tai
nment
,mont
hlyi
ncome,and at
ti
tudes t
owar
dthi
s pandemi
c.I
tal
so

det
ermi
nedt
heseni
orci
ti
zens’v
acci
nepr
efer
ences.I
tfur
therdet
ermi
nedt
he

l
evelofaccept
anceoft
heseni
orci
ti
zens.I
naddi
ti
on,
thest
udyassessedi
fther
e

wasasi
gni
fi
cantr
elat
ionshi
pbet
weent
hepr
ofi
l
eoft
heseni
orci
ti
zenst
othe

v
acci
ne pr
efer
ences and l
evelofaccept
ance and t
he v
acci
ne pr
efer
ences
 51

bet
weent
hei
rlev
elofaccept
ance.

Thi
sdescr
ipt
ive-
cor
rel
ati
onr
esear
chusedt
heseni
orci
ti
zensofAl
l
en,

Nor
ther
nSamart
ofi
ndoutt
hei
rvacci
nepr
efer
encesandl
evelofaccept
anceon

t
heCOVI
D-19v
acci
ne.

Thest
udy
’ssi
gni
fi
cantf
indi
ngsar
est
atedasf
oll
ows:

Thef
indi
ngsoft
hest
udyshowedt
hatt
hemaj
ori
tyoft
her
espondent
sar
e

mal
es.Mostoft
hem gr
aduat
edhi
ghschoolandt
hebi
ggestper
cent
ageoft
hem

hadahousehol
ds’mont
hlyi
ncomel
esst
hanP10,
000.Fur
ther
,wheni
tcomest
o

t
hei
rat
ti
tudes,mostoft
heseni
orci
ti
zenswer
eincl
i
nedt
owar
dsaf
etyandgood

heal
th.

Thest
udyr
eveal
edt
hatt
hemaj
ori
tyoft
her
espondent
spr
efer
redPf
izer
,

Si
nov
ac,Ast
razeneca,Johnson&Johnson(
JanssenPhar
maceut
ica)
,Moder
na,

Nov
avax,
andGamal
eyar
espect
ivel
y.

Thest
udyf
urt
herr
eveal
edt
hatt
hel
evelofaccept
anceoft
heseni
or

ci
ti
zen i
n Al
l
en,Nor
ther
n Samar“
accept
ed”t
hei
ndi
cat
orson t
heCOVI
D-19

v
acci
newi
thanov
eral
lmeanof3.
42.Takensepar
atel
y,t
wooft
hei
ndi
cat
ors,

concer
nsaboutt
hev
acci
neandneedaddi
ti
onali
nfor
mat
ion,hadt
hehi
ghest

means.Ont
heot
hercont
rar
y,at
ti
tudesandl
ackoft
rustr
atedwi
tht
hel
owest

mean.

Thet
estofr
elat
ionshi
pbet
weent
hepr
ofi
l
eoft
heseni
orci
ti
zensandt
hei
r

v
acci
nepr
efer
encesi
nter
msofsex,i
ncome,and at
ti
tudeswer
efound not

si
gni
fi
cantandf
oundsi
gni
fi
cantt
othei
reducat
ional
att
ainment
.

Thet
estofr
elat
ionshi
pbet
weent
hepr
ofi
l
eoft
heseni
orci
ti
zensandt
hei
r
 52

l
evelofaccept
anceast
oconcer
naboutt
hev
acci
newer
efoundnotsi
gni
fi
cant
.

Mor
eov
er,t
her
elat
ionshi
pbet
weent
hepr
ofi
l
eandl
evelofaccept
anceast
othe

needofaddi
ti
oni
nfor
mat
ionwer
efoundnotsi
gni
fi
canti
nter
msofsex,i
ncome,

andat
ti
tudewhi
l
efoundsi
gni
fi
cantt
othei
reducat
ionalat
tai
nment
.Fur
ther
,the

r
elat
ionshi
pbet
weent
hepr
ofi
l
eandl
evelofaccept
anceast
othei
rat
ti
tudes

t
owar
dvacci
nat
ionwer
eal
sof
oundnotsi
gni
fi
canti
nter
msofsex,i
ncome,

at
ti
tudesandf
oundsi
gni
fi
canti
nter
msofeducat
ionalat
tai
nment
.Fur
ther
mor
e,

t
her
elat
ionshi
pbet
weent
hepr
ofi
l
eoft
heseni
orci
ti
zensandt
hei
rlev
elof

accept
anceast
othei
rlackoft
rustwer
efoundnotsi
gni
fi
canti
nter
msofsexand

i
ncome,whi
l
efoundsi
gni
fi
canti
nter
msofeducat
ionalat
tai
nment
.Ov
eral
l
,the

t
estofr
elat
ionshi
pbet
weent
hepr
ofi
l
eoft
heseni
orci
ti
zensandt
hei
rlev
elof

accept
ancewer
efoundnotsi
gni
fi
canti
nter
msofsex,i
ncome,at
ti
tudesand

f
oundsi
gni
fi
cantt
othei
reducat
ional
att
ainment
.

Thet
estofr
elat
ionshi
pbet
weent
hev
acci
nepr
efer
encesoft
heseni
or

ci
ti
zensand l
evelofaccept
ance ast
othe need f
oraddi
ti
onali
nfor
mat
ion,

at
ti
tudest
owar
dst
heCOVI
D-19v
acci
nesandl
ackoft
rustwer
efoundsi
gni
fi
cant

whi
l
ethe seni
orci
ti
zens’concer
ns aboutt
he v
acci
ne had no si
gni
fi
cant

r
elat
ionshi
ptot
hei
rvacci
nepr
efer
ences.

Concl
usi
onsandI
mpl
icat
ions

Based on t
he f
indi
ngs oft
he st
udy
,the f
oll
owi
ng concl
usi
ons and

i
mpl
i
cat
ionswer
edr
awn:

Asf
arast
hesexofseni
orci
ti
zensar
econcer
ned,
itcanbeconcl
udedt
hat
 53

seni
orci
ti
zensofAl
l
en,
Nor
ther
nSamari
sdomi
nat
edbymal
es.Thi
simpl
i
est
hat

menl
i
vel
ongert
hanwomen.Hence,i
fbot
hmenandwomenseni
orci
ti
zensar
e

encour
agedt
oacceptt
hev
acci
ne,t
her
iskofget
ti
ngi
nfect
edordy
ingcoul
d

decr
easet
hatwoul
dresul
tfort
hem t
oli
vel
onger
.Concer
ningt
hei
rhi
ghest

educat
ionalat
tai
nment
,maj
ori
tyoft
heseni
orci
ti
zensi
shi
ghschoolgr
aduat
e.I
t

canbeconcl
udedt
heseni
orci
ti
zensar
enotgi
venoppor
tuni
ti
est
ofur
therst
udy
.

El
der
lypeopl
eexhi
bitar
elat
ivel
yloweducat
ionalpr
ofi
l
e.Thus,
onl
yfewhav
ethe

oppor
tuni
tyt
ost
udydur
ingt
hei
rti
me.Thi
simpl
i
est
hatt
hel
evelofeducat
ion

af
fect
s under
standi
ng ofi
nfor
mat
ion r
egar
ding t
he cur
rentpandemi
c and

v
acci
nes.Maj
ori
tyoft
heseni
orci
ti
zens’househol
dhav
ebeenexper
ienci
ngl
ow

i
ncomel
i
fest
yle.I
tconcl
udest
hatCOVI
D-19hasani
mpacti
nthel
i
feofseni
or

ci
ti
zens.Thi
sfi
ndi
ngal
soi
mpl
i
est
hatseni
orci
ti
zensf
inddi
ff
icul
tyf
ort
hei
r

saf
etyandi
nneedofnut
ri
ti
ousf
oodst
hatmakest
hem v
ulner
abl
ewhenCOVI
D-

19st
ri
kes.I
naddi
ti
on,asi
ndi
cat
edi
nthei
rat
ti
tudet
owar
dCOVI
D-19pandemi
c,

t
heseni
orci
ti
zens-
respondent
sar
ehav
ingagoodat
ti
tude.Thi
simpl
i
est
hatt
hey

wer
eincl
i
nedt
owar
dtheheal
thpr
otocol
sfort
hei
rownsaf
ety
.Thus,
despi
tet
hei
r

l
evelofeducat
ionat
tai
nmentandl
ow-
incomest
atus,t
heyst
il
lfol
l
owt
heheal
th

pr
otocol
s.

Ast
othev
acci
nepr
efer
encesoft
heseni
orci
ti
zens,
theypr
eferaspeci
fi
c

COVI
D-19v
acci
ne.Thi
sfi
ndi
ngconcl
udest
hatt
heseni
orci
ti
zenspr
efer
ence

v
ari
esont
heef
fi
cacyandt
hei
rtr
ust
.Mor
eov
er,f
ew seni
orci
ti
zensknew t
he

sev
en (
7)v
acci
nes ment
ioned t
o be used.Thi
simpl
i
es t
hatt
hei
rvacci
ne

pr
efer
encecoul
dbecer
tai
nift
heheal
thcar
ewor
ker
sorpr
ovi
der
shav
eexpl
ained
 54

wel
ltot
hem andt
hatwoul
dleadt
hem t
odeci
dewhatv
acci
newi
l
lbeper
for
med

t
othem.

Wi
thr
egar
dst
othel
evelofaccept
anceoft
heseni
orci
ti
zens-
respondent
s

t
owar
ds COVI
D-19 v
acci
ne,t
he seni
orci
ti
zens show i
nter
esti
n get
ti
ng t
he

v
acci
ne.Thi
simpl
i
est
hatt
heseseni
orci
ti
zenst
houghv
aryt
hei
rper
cept
ions

aboutt
heef
fect
ivenessoft
hev
acci
ne,maj
ori
tyoft
hem woul
dst
il
ltaket
he

v
acci
nat
ion.

Wi
thr
egar
ds t
othe hi
ghesteducat
ionalat
tai
nment
,itwas f
ound

si
gni
fi
cant
lyr
elat
ed t
ovacci
nepr
efer
ences.Theseni
orci
ti
zens’educat
ional

at
tai
nmentl
evel
mat
ter
sthepr
obabi
l
ityofbei
ngv
acci
nat
ed.Thi
scanbededuced

t
hatamongt
her
espondent
s,seni
orci
ti
zenswi
thahi
gheducat
ionall
evelwoul
d

l
i
kel
ytot
ake t
he v
acci
ne t
han t
hose seni
orci
ti
zens wi
thl
ow educat
ional

at
tai
nment
.Thi
simpl
i
est
hatseni
orci
ti
zenswi
thl
ow educat
ionalat
tai
nment

need t
o be wel
l
-inf
ormed aboutt
he v
acci
ne.Thus,put
ti
ng t
rusti
nthi
s

gov
ernmentpr
ogr
am.

Si
gni
fi
cantr
elat
ionshi
pwasest
abl
i
shedbet
weeneducat
ionalat
tai
nment

andneedofaddi
ti
onali
nfor
mat
ionandat
ti
tudest
owar
dCOVI
D-19v
acci
ne.Thei
r

acqui
red i
nfor
mat
ion and educat
ionalat
tai
nmentaf
fectt
hei
rat
ti
tude and

accept
ance ofv
acci
nat
ion.Thi
s can be deduced t
hatel
der
ly need f
oran

addi
ti
onali
nfor
mat
iont
hatcoul
dchanget
hei
rat
ti
tudesont
hev
acci
nat
ion.Thi
s

i
mpl
i
est
hatt
o achi
evet
he hi
gherl
evelofaccept
ance and t
o addr
ess t
he

hesi
tancy
,theseni
orci
ti
zens’wi
l
li
ngnessshoul
dbeaddr
essedbygi
vi
ngt
he

necessar
yinf
ormat
iont
hatwoul
dchanget
heat
ti
tudest
owar
dthev
acci
ne.
 55

Si
gni
fi
cantr
elat
ionshi
pexi
stedbet
weenl
ackoft
rustont
heef
fi
cacyoft
he

v
acci
neandat
ti
tudest
owar
dCOVI
D-19pandemi
c.Thi
sconcl
udest
hatt
hei
rtr
ust

andat
ti
tudest
owar
dsv
acci
nat
ionaf
fect
edt
hechanceofsuccessi
nhandl
i
ngt
he

cor
onav
irusout
break.Thi
scanbei
mpl
i
edt
hatt
ocont
rol
theCOVI
D-19pandemi
c,

t
heseni
orci
ti
zens’
trustshoul
dbeest
abl
i
shed.

I
nthev
acci
nepr
efer
ences,i
twasf
oundoutt
obesi
gni
fi
cant
lyr
elat
edt
o

t
hel
evelofaccept
ancei
nter
msoft
heneedf
oraddi
ti
onali
nfor
mat
ion,at
ti
tudes

t
owar
dst
heCOVI
D-19v
acci
ne,andl
ackoft
rust
.Thi
scanbededucedt
hatt
he

cur
rentl
evel
sofwi
l
li
ngnesst
oacceptaCOVI
D-19v
acci
near
einsuf
fi
cientt
o

meett
her
equi
rement
sforcommuni
tyi
mmuni
ty.Thi
simpl
i
est
hatt
heel
der
ly

needsanaddi
ti
onali
nfor
mat
ionr
egar
dingt
hev
acci
nest
hatwoul
dchanget
hei
r

at
ti
tudest
owar
dst
hev
acci
nat
ionandr
educet
hei
rlackoft
rust
.

Recommendat
ions

Basedont
hef
indi
ngsandt
heconcl
usi
onsci
ted,t
hest
udyhascomeup

wi
tht
hef
oll
owi
ngr
ecommendat
ions:

1.Theseni
orci
ti
zenscoul
dtr
ustt
hev
acci
neaswel
last
hei
nst
it
uti
ons

r
esponsi
blef
orv
acci
nat
ionbyshowi
ngt
hei
rwi
l
li
ngnesst
ogetv
acci
nat
ed

andav
oidhesi
tancy
.

2.The publ
i
c coul
d har
ness soci
ali
nfl
uences,i
ncl
udi
ng f
rom t
rust
ed

communi
tyf
igur
esbymaki
ngv
acci
neupt
akev
isi
blet
oot
her
s,t
hrough

cl
i
nicsi
npr
omi
nentpubl
i
cpl
acesorbyenabl
i
ngway
sforpeopl
etosi
gnal

t
hatt
heyhav
erecei
vedt
hev
acci
ne–onsoci
almedi
a,i
nnewsmedi
aori
n
 56

per
sonandcont
ri
but
esbymaki
ngt
hesoci
alnor
m mor
esal
i
ent
.

3.Thev
acci
nepr
ovi
der
scoul
dpr
ovi
det
her
ecommendedv
acci
neoft
he

seni
or ci
ti
zens t
o hel
pincr
ease v
acci
ne upt
ake as t
his pr
omot
e

conf
idencei
ndeci
siont
ogetv
acci
nat
ed.

4.Publ
i
c heal
th of
fi
cial
s and t
he medi
a coul
d hav
e done a f
ine j
ob i
n

educat
ingt
hepubl
i
cabouthow ol
deradul
tsar
eathei
ght
enedr
iskf
rom

COVI
D-19byhav
ingani
nfor
mat
ioncampai
gnsv
iav
ari
ousmedi
aout
let
s

gui
dedbyheal
thcar
epr
ovi
der
sthatpr
omot
esgr
oupst
rat
egi
es,f
ocusi
ng

on emphasi
zi
ng t
he saf
ety of t
he v
acci
ne and of
fer r
eassur
ance,

especi
all
ytoseni
orci
ti
zens.

5.Heal
thof
fi
cialandheal
thcar
epr
ofessi
onal
s,i
ncl
udi
ngnur
sesandanci
l
lar
y

heal
thcar
e st
affmayi
mpr
ovet
he t
rustofcommuni
tyi
n a COVI
D-19

v
acci
neandi
ncr
easeupt
akebyengagi
ngi
ncommuni
tymessagi
ng.

6.Thecommuni
tycoul
dincr
easei
ndi
vi
dualmot
ivat
iont
hroughopenand

t
ranspar
entdi
alogueandcommuni
cat
ionaboutt
heuncer
tai
ntyandr
isks,

butal
sot
hesaf
etyandbenef
it
sofv
acci
nat
ion.

7.Ot
herr
esear
cher
s may be f
urt
herconduct
ed usi
ng addi
ti
onal
/ot
her

v
ari
abl
esandot
herr
esear
chmet
hods,
suchusqual
i
tat
ive.
 57

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Lagri
mas.N.A.(2021).GMANewsOnl ine.Retri
evedonJanuary29,2021,fr
om
htt
ps://
www. gmanetwork.
com/news/news/ nat
ion/770822/
almost
-50-of
-pi
noys
not-
incl
ined-
to-
get-
covid-
19-
vacci
ne-
pulse-asia/
stor
y /
.

Lau,L.L.,et
.al(2020).Knowl edge,att
it
udesandpracti
cesofCOVI D-19among
i
ncome poorhousehol dsinthePhili
ppi
nes:
Across-sect
ional
study.Jour
nal
ofglobal heal t
h, 10(
1),011007.Retri
evedonFebruar
y18,2021,fr
om
htt
ps://
doi.
org/10.7189/j
ogh.10.011007

Malani
,P.,et.
al(
2020).OlderAdult
s’Perspect
ivesonaCOVI D-19Vacci
ne.JAMA
Healt
hFor um,1(12)
,e201539.Retri
evedonJanuar y20,2021,fr
om
ht
tps:/
/jamanetwork.
com/ channel
s/healt
hfor
um/ f
ull
art
icl
e/2774598
 59

Mali
k,A. ,
et.
al(2020).Deter
minantsofCOVID-19vacci
neaccept
ancei
ntheUS.
Ret
rievedonFebr uary20,2021,f
rom
ht
tps:/
/ www.sciencedi
rect.
com/science/
art
icl
e.

Marti
n,A.,et.
al(2020)
.Socio-EconomicI
mpactsofCOVID-
19onHousehol
d
ConsumptionandPov er
ty.Retr
ievedonFebr
uar
y22,2021,
from
ht
tps:
//l
ink.spri
nger.
com.

Novavax(2021).Novav
axCOVI
D-19Vacci
neDemonstrates89.
3%Eff
icacyinUK
Phase3Tr i
al.Ret
ri
evedonMar
ch4,2021,
from ht
tps:
//i
r.
novav
ax.
com/ news
rel
eases/

NekkeiAsi
a( 2021).Si
novac'
sCOVI D-19shotis83% eff
ect
ive,not91%,Tur
key
says.Retr
ievedonMar ch4,2021,f
rom
htt
ps:/
/asi
a.ni
kkei
.com/Spotl
ight
/Coronav
irus/
Sinov
ac-s-
COVID-19.

Sal
k,J.(2020).Retr
ievedonJanuar
y29,2021,fr
om
htt
ps:
//beverl
ypress.com/2020/
12/
notabl
e-quot
es-
54/
.

Sandoiu,A.(2020).Thei mpactoftheCOVID-19 pandemiconol deradults.

Retr
ievedonFebr uary 21, 2021, fr
om
htt
ps:/
/ www.medicalnewst
oday
.com/
art
icl
es/
the-
impact- of -
the-
covi
d-19-
pandemi c-
on-
older-
adult
s.

Shear
ing,N.(2020)InNavi
gat
ingtheEconomicRecovery,OneSizeDoesNotFit
All
. Ret ri
evedonFebruar
y17,2021,f
rom
htt
ps:
//www. chat
hamhouse.
org/
2020/06/nav
igat
ing-
economic-
recover
y-one-
si
ze- does-not-
fi
t-
all
.

Staff,R.(2020).Russiar
epeats91.4%effi
cacyrateinnewCOVID-19vacci
nedat
a
dev el
opers.Retri
evedonMar ch4,2021,fr
om
https:
/ /
www. reuter
s.com/ar
ti
cle/
healt
h-coronavi
rus-
russi
a-v
acci
ne.

Tam,C. C.
,et
.al(
2020)
.Factor
sassociatedwi t
hdecisionmakingonCOVI D-
19
vacci
ne accept
anceamongcollegestudentsi
nSout hCar
oli
na.Ret
ri
evedon
January29,2021,f
rom ht
tps:
//www.medrxiv.
org/
content/
.

Tomacr uz,S.(2021)
.TIMELINE:ThePhil
ippi
nes’2021COVID-19vacci
neplan.
Retri
evedonFebr uary19,
2021f r
om
htt
ps://www. r
appler
.com/newsbreak/
iq/
timel
ine-
phil
ippi
nes-
2021-cov
id-
19
vacci
nation-pl
an.

TTUHSC(
2020)
.How andWhyCOVI
D-19Af
fect
sSeni
orCi
ti
zens.Ret
ri
evedon
 60

March3,2021,f
rom ht
tps:
//dai
l
ydose.
tt
uhsc.
edu/
2020/
apr
il
/COVI
D-19-
seni
or-
ci
ti
zens.

Uni
tedNati
ons( 2020).I
ncomePov ertyinOldAge:AnEmer gingDevelopment
Pri
ori
ty. Ret
r i
evedonFebruary19, 2021,f
rom
ht
tps:
//www.
un.org/esa/
socdev/ageing/documents/
Pov
ert
yIssuePaper
Ageing.
p
df
.

Uni
tedNat i
ons( 2020).Pol
icyBrief:
TheI mpactOfCOVID-19OnOl
derPer
sons.
Ret
rievedonFebr uary25,2021,from
ht
tps:/
/ r
eli
efweb.i
nt/si
tes/r
eli
efweb.int
/fi
les/
resour
ces/
Poli
cy.

Univer
sityofColoradoatBoulder
.(2021).Whyol deradul
tsmustgot othefront
ofthev accinel
ine:St
udyshowsspeedingupr oll
-out
,pri
ori
ti
zi
ng60-plus could
save 65, 000USl i
vesinthr
eemont hs.ScienceDail
y.Retr
ievedMarch31,2021
fr
om www. sci
encedai
ly
.com/rel
eases/.

Worl
d Heal
th Organizat
ion (
2020).Ol derpeopl e & COVID-19.Retr
ieved on
Febr
uary 21,2021,fr
om ht
tps://
www. who.i
nt/
teams/soci
al-
deter
minants-
of-
heal
th/
demographic-
change-
and-healt
hy-ageing/
covid-
19.

WorldHealthOr gani
zat
ion( 2020).Prot
ect
ingolderpeopl
eagainstCOVI D-19.
Ret
rieved on Febr uar
y 21, 2021, fr
om
ht
tps://www.who.i
nt/
westernpacif
ic/
news/f
eatur
e- stori
es/det
ail
/pr
otect
ing-
ol
der-peopl
e-agai
nst-
cov
id-19.

WorldHealt
hOr ganizati
on( 2020).Suppor t
ingolderpeopleduri
ngt heCOVI D-
19
pandemiciseveryone’sbusiness.Retri
ev edonMar ch30,2021, f
rom
htt
ps:/
/www.eur o.who.i
nt/en/healt
h-t
opics/ heal
th-
emergencies/coronav
irus-
covi
d 19/news/ news/2020/ 4/support
ing-older-
people-
duri
ng-the-cov
id-
19-
pandemic-
isev eryones-business.

WorldHeal thOr gani

zati
on( 2021).TheOxf ord/Ast
raZenecaCOVID-19v acci
ne:
what y ouneedt oknow.Ret ri
evedonMar ch2,2021,f
rom
htt
ps:
/ /
www. who.int
/newsr
oom/ f
eature-
stori
es/det
ail
/t
he-oxf
ord-
ast
razeneca-
covi
d-19-vaccine-what-
you-
need-to-know.
 61

APPENDI
CES

Appendi
xA
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
 74

Republ
i
coft
hePhi
l
ippi
nes

DEPARTMENTOFEDUCATI ON
Regi
onalOf
fi
ceVIII
Di
vi
sionofNort
hernSamar
ALLENNATI ONALHIGHSCHOOL
Allen,
Nort
hernSamar

Hon.ErnestoDipon
BarangayCaptai
n
Brgy.Lagundi
,All
en,
Nor
ther
nSamar

Si
r:

Goodday
!

Inpar
ti
alful
fi
ll
mentofther equi r
ementsi
nInqui
ri
es,I
nvest
igation,
andImmer si
on,
theundersi
gnedwer eallowedbyMr s.Mari
l
ouE.Badur i
a,ResearchAdv i
ser,andMr .
Vinanci
oG.Al basi
nJr .
,SHSPr incipalItoconductast udyenti
tled:“Acceptanceon
COVI D-
19VaccineamongSeni orCitizensi
nAl l
en,
Norther
nSamar .
”

Int
hisl
ight
,wehumblyaskf
oryourpermi
ssi
ontoal
lowustoconductourst
udy
.
Thesur
veywil
lbedist
ri
but
edamongtheseni
orci
ti
zensi
nyourbar
angay
.

I
tisassur
edt
hatt
hedat
awi
l
lbegat
her
edwi
l
lbet
reat
edconf
ident
ial
i
ty.

Thanky
ouf
ory
ourf
avor
abl
eact
ionont
hisr
equest
.

Respect
ful
l
yyour
s,

JEMI
MAHKEZI
.BANJAWAN

PI
OLOD.BESA

GRACEMARI
ELB.FLORES

HERNI
LGREKKEYG.SABORNI
DO
(
SGD)Resear
cher
s

Conf
ir
med:
 75

(SGD)HON.ERNESTODI
PON
BarangayCapt
ain

Appendi
xB

ALLENNATIONALHIGHSCHOOL
Al
len,
Nort
her
nSamar

DearRespondent
,

Thi
ssur veyaimst ogatherdataandi nformationinl i
newitht hepart
ial
ful
fi
llmentoft her equi
rement
si nInqui
r i
es,Investi
gati
onandI mmersionenti
tl
ed
“LevelofAccept anceamongSeni orCit
izensinAl l
en,Norther
nSamar .”
Giv
ingy ourampl eti
met oanswerhonest lywillcontr
ibutet
ot hesuccess
ofthisundertaking.Beassuredt hatal
ldat awi l
lbehel dconfi
dent
ialandwi l
lbe
usedf orr
esear chpurposeonly
.

TheResear
cher
s

SURVEY

PARTI .PROFILEOFTHERESPONDENTS
Direct
ion:Pl
easef
il
lupt
hedat
aneededbel
owandcheck(
/)y
ourchoi
ceof
responses.

Name:
___
___
___
___
___
___
___
___
___
___
___
___
__(
Opt
ional
)
1.Sex: Mal
e:O Femal
e:O

2.Socio-
economicstatus
A.Hi ghestEducat
ionalAttai
nment
O Coll
egeGr aduate O El
ementaryGraduat
e
O Coll
egeLev el O El
ementar
yLev el
O HighSchool Graduat
e O Di
dnotattendschool
O HighSchool Level

B. Househol
dMonthl
yIncome(
notf
ixedbutar
ound)
O P40,
001andover
 76

O P30,
001and40,
000
O P20,
001and30,
000
O P10,
001and20,
000
O P10,
000andbel
ow

4.Att
it
udestowar dCOVI D-19pandemi c
O Hasy ourdai lyli
febeendi sturbed(int
errupted,changed)byCOVI D-19?
O Doy ouwor ryaboutcont racti
ngCOVI D-19?
O Doy ouav oidcr owdedpl aces?
O Doy ouwashy ourhandsmor ef r
equently?
O Doy ouhav eaccess( cany oubuyorr eceive)toalcohol,handsanit
izer
?(or
havey ouboughtmor erecently?)
O Doy oukeepadi st
ancef rom peoplewi t
hi nfl
uenza-l
ikesymptoms
(fl
u/colds)?
O Doy oul i
mi tcontact?(suchashandshakes)
O Doy ouwearaf acemask?
O Doy ouwearaf aceshield?
O Doy oul i
stenandf ollowt hedirecti
onofy ourstateorlocalauthori
ti
es?
O Others:____ ___
_________
_ ___
__ _
______
____________
______
_ _
__

PARTII.VACCINEPREFERENCES
Di
rect
ion:Pl
easecheck(
/)asmanyv
acci
nesy
oupr
efer
red.

Vacci
nes
AstraZeneca
Gamal eya
Johnson&Johnson( JanssenPhar
maceut
ica)
Moder na
Novav ax
Pfi
zer
Si
nov ac
Others(Plsspeci
fy)
 77

PARTI II.LEVELOFACCEPTANCE
Directi
on:Pleaseindi
cat
eyourlevelofaccept
ancewi
theachofthesest
atements
regardi
ngCOVI D-
19Vaccine.Pleasecheck( /)t
heappropr
iat
ecolumnofy our
response.Uset he5-poi
ntr
ati
ngscalebelowineachoft
hebox.

Scal
e Descript
iveRati
ng
5 St
ronglyAgree (
SA)
4 Agree (
A)
3 Undeci
ded (
U)
2 Di
sagree (
D)
1 St
ronglyDisagr
ee (
SD)

Descr
ipt
iveRat
ing
A.Concer
nsaboutt
hev
acci
ne SA A U D SD
5 4 3 2 1
1 Iam concer nedaboutt hev accineef f
icacy
2 Iam concer nedaboutt hev accinesaf etyand
sideeffects
3 Itmighttransmi tthev irust ome
4 Thev accinewi llbenew, Iwon’ tbet hef i
rstto
getthev accine
5 Iam concer nedaboutt hev accinerigorof
testi
ng
6 Thev accinemaycont ainheav ymet alsorodd
mat eri
als
7 Vaccinationcauseaut ism
8 Thev accinemayaf fectf ertil
i
ty
9 Notconv incedt hatitwi llbeef f
ective,lookat
thefluvaccine
1 Myi mmunesy stem isweakandIcan’ ttake
0 i
nact i
vev accines/Ihav eanal l
ergyt omany
substancesandImayhav eanal l
ergyt ot hi
s
vaccine
1 Idon’tthinkthatIcanaf f
or dthev accine
1
Descr
ipt
iveRat
ing
B.Needaddi
ti
onali
nfor
mat
ion SA A U D SD
5 4 3 2 1
 78

1 Itdependsonwhatmydoct orrecommends
2 Itdependsonthescaleofthepandemicatthe
timeofthevaccine.I
fveryl
ow,Imaynotdoi t
3 Idon’twantavaccineIknownothingabout
.I’
l
l
makemydeci sionif/
whenonebecomes
av ai
l
able
Descr
ipt
iveRat
ing
C.At
ti
tudes SA A U D SD
5 4 3 2 1
1 Idon’
tfeelI’
m atri
sk
2 Iam rel
igi
ousandGodwi l
lprot
ectme
3 Idon’
ttakevaccinesatall
4 Iam scaredtoputfor
eignobjectsinmybody
5 Iwouldsaythatthevaccineshouldgot ot
he
peoplewhoar emostriskofcontracti
ngit
befor
eIgetitbecauseIam notput ti
ngmy sel
f
atri
sk
Descr
ipt
iveRat
ing
D.Lackoft
rust SA A U D SD
5 4 3 2 1
1 Anyv acci nemadef ort
hisvi
rusIdonott rust
2 Ifthegov er
nmentrecommendedi tus,Iwi l
l
takei t
3 Ther ei snowayIt r
ustbigpharmaceut i
cal
compani es
4 I’
mt hinkingav acci
nenowmi ghtbeappr oved
tooqui cklybecauseofpoli
ti
cal pressur
e
5 Ibeliev et hatt
hisvi
ruswasdev elopedbyt he
gov ernmentandIwantt akeanyv acci
ne
 79

AppendixC
SUMMARYOFSENIORCI TIZENS’
sRESPONSES
Accept
anceonCOVI D-19Vacci
ne
 80

Appendi
xD
CURRI
CULUM VI
TAE

STUDENTPROFI
LE
NAME: JemimahKezI .Banjawan
NICKNAME: Mimah
GRADEANDSECTI
ON: STEM 12-Ger many
BIRTHDAY: November27, 2003
ADDRESS: Brgy.Jubasan,Al
len,Nor
ther
nSamar
FATHER: Noel C.Banj
awan
MOTHER: ZenaidaI.Banj
awan

EDUCATI
ONALBACKGROUND
ELEMENTARY: JubasanElementar
ySchool
Jubasan,
Al l
en,
Norther
nSamar
2015
WithHonors

JUNI
ORHI
GHSCHOOL: All
enNati
onalHighSchool
–JuniorHighSchool
Magall
anesSt.
,SabangZoneI
I,
Allen,
Norther
nSamar
2019
WithHonors

SENI
ORHI
GHSCHOOL: All
enNati
onalHighSchool
–SeniorHighSchool
Magall
anesSt.
,SabangZoneI
I,
Allen,
Norther
nSamar
2021
WithHonors
 81

AFFI
LIATI
ONSANDORGANI
ZATI
ON:
Supr
emeStudentGov
ernment
PREMIER

I
NTERESTS: Gaming
Craf
ti
ng
Watchi
ngMov
ies

DREAM PROFESSI
ON: Ci
vil
Engineer–Structur
alEngi
neer
St
ati
sti
cian
CURRI CULUM VITAE

STUDENTPROFI
LE
NAME: Piol
oD.Besa
NICKNAME: Piol
o
GRADEANDSECTI
ON: STEM 12-Germany
BIRTHDAY: November26, 2003
ADDRESS: Brgy.SabangZoneII,
All
en,
Nor
ther
nSamar
FATHER: Noel Besa
MOTHER: LaniD.Besa

EDUCATI
ONALBACKGROUND
ELEMENTARY: All
enCentralEl
ementar
ySchool
Brgy.Ki
nabrananZoneII
,Al
l
en,Nor
ther
nSamar
2015
WithHonors

JUNI
ORHI
GHSCHOOL: All
enNational
HighSchool–JuniorHi
ghSchool
BrgySabangZoneII
,All
en,
NorthernSamar
2019
WithHonors

SENI
ORHI
GHSCHOOL: All
enNat i
onalHi
ghSchool–Seni
orHi
ghSchool
Brgy.SabangZoneI
I,
Allen,
Nort
her
nSamar
2021
WithHonors
 82

AFFI
LIATI
ONSANDORGANI
ZATI
ON:
Mat
hemat
icsCl
ub

I
NTERESTS: Tabl
eTenni
s

DREAM PROFESSI
ON: Radi
ologi
cTechnol
ogi
st

CURRI
CULUM VI
TAE

STUDENTPROFI
LE
NAME: GraceMar i
elB.Flor
es
NICKNAME: Grace
GRADEANDSECTI
ON: STEM 12-Ger many
BIRTHDAY: September1, 2002
ADDRESS: Brgy.SabangZoneI I
,Al
l
en,
Nor
ther
nSamar
FATHER: Noel C.Banj
awan
MOTHER: ZenaidaI.Banjawan

EDUCATI
ONALBACKGROUND
ELEMENTARY: All
enCentralEl
ementar
ySchool
Brgy.Ki
nabrananZoneII
,Al
l
en,Nor
ther
nSamar
2015
WithHonors

JUNI
ORHI
GHSCHOOL: All
enNat i
onalHi
ghSchool–Juni
orHighSchool
Brgy.SabangZoneI
I,
Allen,
Nort
hernSamar
2019
WithHonors

SENI
ORHI
GHSCHOOL: All
enNat i
onalHi
ghSchool–Seni
orHi
ghSchool
Brgy.SabangZoneI
I,
Allen,
Nort
her
nSamar
2021
WithHonors
 83

I
NTERESTS: Sket
ching
Books

DREAM PROFESSI
ON: I
nfor
mat
ionTechnol
ogy

CURRI
CULUM VI
TAE

STUDENTPROFI
LE
NAME: HernilGrekkeyG.Saborni
do
NICKNAME: Nikey
GRADEANDSECTI
ON: STEM 12-Ger many
BIRTHDAY: September4, 2003
ADDRESS: Brgy.ZoneI I
,All
en,Nor
thernSamar
FATHER: Eli
zaldeY.Sabor ni
do
MOTHER: LeonileG.Sabornido

EDUCATI
ONALBACKGROUND
ELEMENTARY: Vict
ori
aCentral
Element
arySchool
Vict
ori
a,Nor
thernSamar
2015
WithHonors

JUNI
ORHI
GHSCHOOL: Vict
ori
aNati
onalHi
ghSchool
Vict
ori
a,Nor
ther
nSamar
2019
WithHonors

SENI
ORHI
GHSCHOOL: All
enNat i
onalHi
ghSchool–Seni
orHi
ghSchool
Brgy.SabangZoneI
I,
Allen,
Nort
her
nSamar
2021
WithHonors
 84

AFFI
LIATI
ONSANDORGANI
ZATI
ON:
SSGGARESPRESENTATI VE(2019-
2020)
Vi
ctor
iaPari
shPastor
alCounci
l
Vi
ctor
iaYouthMi
nistr
y

I
NTERESTS: Pl
ayingBadminton
ReadingBooks

DREAM PROFESSI
ON: Medi
cal
Technol
ogi
st