Applied Reservoir Engineering Equations

Chapter 1

141.5
° API = −131.5
γo
 n
γ g =∑ ( R sep )i ¿ ¿ ¿
i=1
Bt = Bo + Bg (Rsb − Rs )

Bw = (1+ ΔVwP )(1+ ΔVwT )

ρwsc = 62.368 + 0.438603S +

2
0.00160074S

Chapter 2

General MBE for one phase

 General MBE for two phase

A = Np [Bt + (Rp − Rsi) Bg] DDI + SDI + WDI + EDI = 1.0

DDI = N (Bt − Bti)/A , SDI = [N m Bti (Bg − Bgi)/Bgi]/A

WDI = (We −Wp Bw)/A

Havlena and Odeh (MBE as an equation of straight line)

F = N [Eo + m Eg + Ef,w] + (We +Winj Bw + Ginj Bginj)

Chapter 3
Calculating Gas In Place by the Volumetric Method

∑ Pi n

Well average pressure= 0 ∑ Pi A i

n Arealaverage pressure=
0
n

∑ Ai
0
 n 43,560 × ∅ × ( 1−Swi )
∑ P i A i hi G=
B gi
SCF /acft
0
Volumetric average pressure= n

∑ A i hi
0

G a=
43,560× ∅ × ( 1−S wi )
B ga
SCF/acft
Unit recovery =43,560 × ∅ × ( 1−S wi ) ×
[ 1
−
1
B gi Bga ]
Recovery factor =
100 ( G−G a )
=
100
[ 1
−
1
Bgi B ga ] %
Recovery Factor =100 1−
[ Bgi
Bga ]
G 1
B gi

Calculation of Unit Recovery from Gas Reservoir under Water Drive

Unit recovery ∈SCF /acft=43,560 ×∅ ×

1−S wi S gr
B gi
−
B ga [ ] Recovery factor =
100
[ 1−S wi S gr
B gi
−
B ga ]
[ ]
1−Swi
B gi

Unit recovery ∈SCF /acft=43,560 ×∅ ×

[ 1−S wi−S gr
B gi ] Recovery factor =
100 [ 1−S wi−S g r ]
[ 1−Swi ]

Material Balance Equation (MBE) for gas reservoirs

G ( B g−B gi )+ G B gi
[ C w Swi +C f
1−Swi ]∆ p+W e =G p B g +B w W p
G ( B g−B gi )+ W e =G p B g + Bw W p

( ) ( ) ( )
G ( B g−B gi )=G p B g Psc zT P sc z i T i Psc zT
G −G =G p
T sc P T sc P i T sc P

P sc G p P i V i P f V i
( ) ( )
= − P Pi P
T sc zi T zf T =− G p+ i
z zi G zi

Connate water +water influx− produced water

Sw =
pore space

R1 γ 1+ 4602 γ o+ R 2 γ 2 141.5
γw= γo =
133316 γ o API +131.5
R1 + + R2
M wo
 5954 42.43 γ o 379.4 × P ×V
M wo = = G=
API −8.811 1.008−γ o ZRT

ng γo
f g= Gas equivalent ( ¿ ) =133,000 ×
n g +no Mo

Chapter 4

Chapter 5
1. Calculations of Initial Oil in Place by Volumetric method and Estimation of Oil Recoveries
Under initial conditions:
Interstitial water=7758 × ∅ × S w
 bbl
Reservoir oil=7758 × ∅ ×(1−S¿ ¿ w) ¿
ac . ft
7758× ∅ ×(1−S w ) STB
Stock tank oil∋¿
Boi ac . ft
At abandonment pressure
Interstitial water=7758 × ∅ × S w
Reservoir gas=7758 × ∅ × S g
bbl
Reservoir oil=7758 × ∅ × ( 1−Sw −S g )
ac . ft
7758× ∅ ×(1−S w −S g) STB
Stock tank oil (N a )=
Bo ac . ft

Oil recovery by volumetric control in stock tank barrels per acre foot is

Oil recovery=7758 × ∅ ׿

And the recovery factor is

(1−S w −S g) Boi
Recovery factor =1− ×
(1−S w ) Bo

For oil reservoirs under hydraulic control (active water drive),

• At abandonment conditions:
Oil recovery=7758 × ∅ ׿
bbl
Reservoir oil=7758 × ∅ ×(S¿¿ ¿) ¿ (1−Sw −S ¿ )
ac . ft Recovery factor =
(1−S w )
7758× ∅ × S ¿ STB
Stock tank oil (N a )=
B oi ac . ft
 Guthrie and Greenberger correlation
RF =0.114+ 0.272log K +0.256 S w −0.136 log μo−1.538 ∅−0.00035 h

Material Balance Equation (MBE) for undersaturated oil reservoirs

N ( Bt−Bti ) + N B ti
[ 1−S wi ]
c w S wi +c f
∆ p+W e =N p [ Bt + ( R p−R soi ) B g ]+ B w W p

Above bp Below bp
N ( Bt−Bti ) =N p Bt N p [ Bt + ( R p−Rsoi ) B g ]
N=
N p Bt −B ti ( Bt −B ti )
RF = =
N Bt Np ( Bt −Bti )
RF= =
Bt = Bo + Bg (Rsb − Rs ) N [ Bt + ( R p−R soi ) B g ]

3. Material Balance Equation (MBE) for undersaturated oil reservoirs including formation and water
compressibilties:
N p Bt −W e + Bw W p v o −v oi Bo −B oi
N= co = =
Bt −B ti + Bti
[ 1−S wi ]
c w S wi + c f
∆p
v oi ( Pi −P ) B oi ∆ P

Bo=B oi+ Boi c o ∆ P

 [ ]
c o S o +c w S wi +c f c o S o +c w S wi +c f
N B ti ∆ P=N p Bt −W e + Bw W p ce=
1−S wi 1−S wi

N B ti c e ∆ P=N p Bt −W e + Bw W p

And for volumetric reservoirs, We = 0, and Wp is generally

N p × Bt + B w W p
N=
negligible, c o ∆ P Bti

N= ( )
N p Bt
c e ∆ P Bti