An Investigation on Solid Waste Management Awareness and Practices of

Students in Northeastern Academy

Submitted by:
LEINARD ANDREW P. PERALTA
HENRY A. SUPNET II
MARK LOWEL T. PERALTA
KIA CONDESSA R. BERRAS
KERSTINE ANNE SOFFIE D. TABUCAO
DIANA ROSE P. CALABIAO
KINZLEY P. MANUEL
MOSES P. TOLBE
CARL LOUIS Q. RAPANAN
RICHARD DOMINIC P. UJANO
 CHAPTER I
THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND
INTRODUCTION
SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT
Philippines is an island nation in the Pacific Ocean.
Asia Pacific. Its economy is brisk and active as a result expanding middle class, rising
urbanization, and young and big population (World Bank, 2020).Due to this production
of solid waste in the Philippines is also in poor condition rises (Castillo & Otoma,2013).
(Castillo& Otoma,2013) The Republic Act 9003
Definition of (Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000)
All dumped residential and commercial rubbish is considered solid waste.
Street waste ,non-hazardous institutional and industrial waste
Sweepings, building materials, agricultural trash, and another solid waste that is not
harmful or hazardous. Additionally, it is clear Production of solid trash is rising
elsewhere.
According to World Bank (2019), waste will rise .Generation per year around the world
increased by 70% from 2.01 billion tonnage in 2016
In response to this challenge, San Juan (2019)clarified: Involvement of community
members in solid waste disposal.
Management program depend on the action they take leader or official. Furthermore,
AI-Katib et al. (2010) emphasis
Waste management is technical, political and Legal, socio-cultural, environmental and
economic factors and available resources. If one of the resources does not exist ,Failure
of waste management programs. And that’s how it happened.
Community his members are frustrated(Lad, Chauhan, Goal, 2020). Apart from that,
public cooperation and activity.
Participation is also required .So train people. Through dissemination of handling
information.
The solid waste generated has become essential (Marrero & Herwege,2014.Nolasco,
Bagia, Padua,2019).Quoted Olivia
Von Villanueva (2013) argues that educational is His Four Key Element of Good Waste
Management Program. But a poor strategy for disseminating information.
The general public is less sensitive to waste management less involved in the program
(Nolasco, Baguia, & Padua, 2019). For example, Dela Cruz (2020) states that Certain
communities, solid waste management programs reasonably implemented.
 Thus, section 55 of R.A. No. 9003 mandated Department of Education (DepEd),
Commission on Higher Education(CHED) and other national agencies to carry
continuing education and information dissemination program on solid waste
management.
The education and information dissemination should focus on
a.)Develop public awareness on the ill – effects and community –based solution to the
solid waste problem
b.)Provide feasible activities which will have greatest impact on solid waste problem.
c.)Encourage the public to patronize environmental friendly products.
Furthermore, R.A. No. 9512 (Environmental Awareness and Education Act of 2008)
requires the mentioned agencies to integrate environmental education in the school
curricula at all levels, whether public or private school. More so, it encourages the
tertiary education through National Service Training Program to conduct activities but
not limited to tree planting, waste minimization, segregation, recycling and composting
freshwater and marine conservation forest management and conservation relevant
livelihood opportunities and economic benefits and other such programs and
undertakings to aid the implementation of different environmental protection laws.
Since school is one of the avenue that will provide educational and will disseminate
information about solid waste management, several studies were conducted in
determining its impact in the student’s level of awareness and practices. However, these
are implemented in higher education.
For example, Paghasian (2017) found that college students Maigo, who is highly
conscious of solid waste management . On the other hand their waste management,
Practicing Sorting, Reducing and Recycling good in practice related to recycling and
disposal it was fair.
Solid waste management awareness Student did not influence disposal practices But
their practice had a targeted impact Sort, reduce, reuse and recycle. In studying
Gequinto (2016), Scope of Waste Management Practices of Senior highschool students
in Northeastern Academy have been identified. Of these, waste collection received the
highest composite average Promotion of the 3Rs (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) in particular
Waste recycling and waste disposal scored lowest combined therapy .On the other hand,
Solid Waste Management Research Education is limited and receives little attention. So
with this Study, high school students were using.
The school curriculum is newly integrated into basic education, It can be traced back to
the days of R.A. No. 10533 or Enhanced Basic education was announced from
2013.Where the students spend their time 12years of basic training with the integration
of Environmental awareness and education in the curriculum, Researchers want to
measure the amount of solid waste
High school student’s business awareness, Sources of Their Consciousness and Solid
Waste management practice
Statement of the Problem
The study aims to find out respondents' Solid Waste Management Awareness and Practices in
NORTHEASTHERN ACADEMY OF BUGUEY INC.
2.The research intended to answer the following questions.
1. How is respondents’ profile be described in terms of the following:
1.1 School Classification and
1.2 School Level?
2. How is the respondents practices on Solid Waste Management be described in terms of:
2.1 Segregation;
2.2 Waste Reduction;
2.3 Waste recycling and Reuse
2.4 Waste Disposal?
3. What is the level of awareness of the respondents on the solid waste management
practices?
4. Is there a significant relationship between the awareness of the students and their practices
on solid waste management?
5. What are the programs that may enhance the respondent’s awareness and practices on
Solid Waste Management?

Significance of the Study

This study investigates the practices and awareness of Students in Northeastern Academy
particularly Senior High School Students with regard to Solid Waste Disposal. The result in
investigating this topic will benefit the following:

To the school: the results of this study may serve as a guideline to better consolidate
environmental issues on Solid Waste Management.
 SURVEY QUESTIONARE

I. LEARNERS PROFILE
Fill-in the data needed in questionnaire. This is not a test ; please provide best
possible
answer. Rest assured that the data gathered will be held strict confidentiality

NAME(optional):_____________________________

a)Sex
Male
Female

b)Please mark your age group in the appropriate box.

15-17
18-29
30-39

c) PARENT’S / GUARDIAN OCCUPATION

FATHER OCCUPATION:_________________________

MOTHER OCCUPATION :_________________________

d) PARENT’S MONTHLY INCOME

10,000 and Below
10,000 and 15,000
15,000 and 20,000
20,000 and Above

e) PARENT’S HIGHEST EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENTS

FATHER MOTHER
Elementary Graduate. Elementary Graduate
Highschool Undergraduate Highschool Undergraduate
Highschool Graduate. Highschool Graduate
College Undergraduate. College Undergraduate
College Graduate. College Graduate
Post Graduate. Post Graduate
Vocational Graduate. Vocational Graduate

SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT QUESTIONAIRE(Shade the answer’s carefully

1. How long have you study in NABI.
1. Less than one year (12 months)
2. 1-2 years
3. 3-4 years
4.5-6 years

2. Have you ever heard about solid waste management?

1. Yes 2. No
If yes in what way?
1. Over Radio
2. Over TV
3. In public meeting
4. In school
5. On poster
6. Other…..
3. Have you ever been educated on proper ways disposal by the staff of NABI?
1.Yes 2.No

4. What type of solid waste comes out from your household?

1. Paper and carton
2. Plastics(bags/bottles)
3.Food waste
4.Tins/cans
5. Fiber bags
6. Glass
7. Other…..

5. In what type of container do you collect waste?

1. Carton
2. Waste Basket
3. Old bucket
4. Plastic bag
5. Tin/can
6. Other….

6. How often is the waste container emptied?

1. Once a day
2. Once in two days
3. Once in tree days
4. Once a week
5. Other……

7. Where do you usually put away collected wastes?

1. In the public bin
2. In the intinerant waste van
3. By the valley/ lake side/ river
4. By the road or street side
5. On an open space
6. In a hole in own compound
7. Other….

8. Are there any public bins near your school?

1. Yes 2. No
If yes ,How long does it take to get there?
1. 5-10 min
2. 11-15 min
3. 16-20 min
4. 21-25 min
5. Other…..

9. Do you think the waste disposal method is the problem in your school?
1. Yes
2. No
10. How do you evaluate the state of solid waste collection in your school area?
1. Good
2. Fair
3. Not good
4. Don’t have

11. Have you ever heard about the importance of recycling?

1.Yes
2. No

12. If yes, Do you agree Solid waste recycling?

1. Yes
2. No
3.Not sure

13. If a recycling programme waste set up, would you willing to separate material into
separate bags for collection purposes?
1.Yes
2. No
3. Don’t know

14. Do you think Solid waste management has impact on sustainable development?
1. Yes
2. No

15. Do you believe that there should be environmental conservation for sustainable
development?
1. Yes
2. No

16. Do you agree that every single person has a responsibility to contribute to sustainable
environment in Solid waste management?
1. Yes 2. No

17. Which material accounts for the greatest percentage of weight of solid waste?
1. Food waste
2. Plastic
3. Paper
4. Yard waste
5. Wood

18. Overall how would you rate the quality of the environment here in NABI compared to
the environment we had in 6 years ago?
1. much better
2. a little better
3. the same
4. a little worse
5. much worse

CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
LITERATURE AND STUDIES

This chapter contains some related studies and related literature having bearing on the
study. This gave important concepts and ideas for the development of the study.

2.1 Solid Waste Management (SWM)

Technically speaking, the term “solid waste” refers to all non-liquid wastes produced by
human activity as well as a variety of solid waste products that result from the disaster, such
as general household garbage, including food waste, ash, and packaging materials; human
feces disposed of in garbage; emergency waste, including plastic water bottles and packaging
from other emergency supplies; disaster-related rubble; mud and slurry deposits; and Other
specialized wastes, such as toxic waste from industry and medical waste from hospitals, will
also need to be handled immediately, but this technical note does not address these (World
Health Organization, 2011).

The School Council ordinance establishing solid waste management known as the “Perkash
Fashura Ordinance Na Isadanga.” The ordinance forbids disposing of waste anywhere other
than in designated and established garbage facilities, disposing of dirty and mixed waste at
recycling facilities, disposing of human waste near creeks and rivers, and disposing of waste
in public areas like streets, sidewalks, and establishments. Residents must separate their
waste at the source as well. Recyclable solid wastes, such as bottles, plastics, cellophanes,
and papers, must be brought to the barangay material recovery facility or directly to the
agent-buyers after being properly separated. Special solid wastes and non-recyclable
materials will be delivered to the material recovery facility, whereas hazardous materials

(2008) Kathiravale and Mohd Yunus. There are currently 6.8 billion people living on Earth,
and Nearly half of this population, according to estimates from the Population Division of
The United Nations Secretariat’s Department of Economic and Social Affairs, 2009).Waste
production rises in direct proportion to the population and income, resulting in Trequirements
for efficient management (Mazzanti & Zoboli, 2008)Urbanization andIndustrialization results
in new lifestyles and behaviors that have an impact on the makeup of garbage.From primarily
organic to synthetic materials, like plastics and other long-lasting Packaging supplies (Idris et
al., 2004). E-waste, which was formerly scarce, was
produced as20 to 50 metric tons annually (UNEP, 2006).

The facilities supplied cannot handle the complexity of waste management.

The expanding demands and demand. Therefore, the optimal strategy must be used.
Immediately while taking into account social, economic, and environmental factors (Aye
&Wikipedia, 2006).Agamuthu outlined what motivates sustainable trash management.
Human, economic, institutional, and environmental aspects are covered by et al. (2009). The
According to research, each driving category should be taken into account while regulating
traffic in local areas.One society’s solid waste may not be the same as that of another.

For instance, waste managers in Africa must address a number of difficulties, such as a lack
of data,Small financial resources, substantial differences in the volume and types of garbage
generated between urban And rural setting, a dearth of human and technical resources, a lack
of awareness and culturalA dislike of waste (Couth & Trois, 2010). However, issues that are
prevalent among Asian nations can be divided into two categories: developed and developing
nations. WhileSeveral nations have national policies that are unique to the management of
solid waste.Other issues include the growing urban population, a lack of land, and
services.Service region, insufficient equipment and technology, and other factors (Shekdar,
2009).

There are regional and international disparities in how solid waste is managed.
Regions of the same nation. Istanbul, for example, has made significant progress in their
Management of solid waste by the construction of transfer stations, sanitary landfills, and
Methane recovery system does not solve the issue on Turkey’s Black Sea shore.
Due to the challenging topography, inadequate administrative systems, and insufficient
Locals’ earnings (Berkun et al., 2005).

Then, in 1995, the Integrated Sustainable Waste Management (ISWM) system

Rework older systems that don’t take into account the particularities of a certain society,
economy, and Surroundings (van de Klundert, 1999). (van de Klundert, 1999). European
nations, for instance, had submitted a variety of engineering models and system assessment
methods to produce sustainable Communities, effectively managing resources, utilizing the
economy’s potential for innovation their SWM system to promote economic growth,
environmental conservation, and social cohesion (2011) Pires et al. Asian nations had focused
on developing their respective legal systems.Establishing institutional, technological,
operational, and financial management frameworks, and Increasing public involvement and
awareness (Shekdar, 2009).

Based on fresh information, the waste management system should be dynamic and ongoing.
Includes experiences (van de Klundert, 1999). For instance, ongoing evaluation of existing
New Zealand’s regulatory and policy system demonstrated the absence of policies.
Coordination, consistency, hazardous waste management, rewards, and markets for using
recyclable materials and making a cleaner attempt (Boyle, 2000). Hence, the development in
policy is necessary and advantageous to the nation. As an illustration, using EU25 group it
was discovered that waste production is rising and is predicted to keep doing so.For a long
time to come. After the new EU waste recovery strategy went into effect through
incineration, the quantity of garbage dumped in landfills has been gradually declining
(Mazzanti &(2008) Zoboli.

But according to figures from wealthy nations, the actual quantity of garbage generated
As more waste is burned, composted, or repurposed, less rubbish is being dumped.Lomborg
(1998) thought that the amount of space required is adequate to cater to all of the waste
produced globally, but the challenge is the location Since no one wants to live close to a
landfill. He added that air coming from incinerators and today’s groundwater is safer and
cleaner near landfills. Hence, the production of solid wasteCan be seen as a political or social
issue more so than others (Lomborg, 1998).

There is a lot of literature on garbage that discusses present methods, difficulties, and
potential remedies.Such as those for Portugal (Magrinho et al., 2009), India (Hazra & Goel,
2009), and Malaysia (2006), Canada (2008), Wagner & Arnold (2008), and (Agamuthu et al.,
2009). These Studies provide comparison so that, where appropriate, the best practice can be
adopted.

A assessment of the data for developing nations on increasing knowledge of solid waste
management through formal education for sustainabilit MAlzira Pimenta Dinis, Diogo
Guedes Vidal, and Justice Kofi Debrah Recycling six (1), six, and 2021S waste management
(SWM) is a complex issue that involves institutional, political, socioeconomic, and
environmental elements. It has emerged as one of the most important problems facing urban
areas in emerging countries due to exponential urban growth. The disparity in environmental
awareness between young and old people in developing nations causes ecological problems
or waste management challenges, which lead to unsustainable development and have serious
repercussions in low-income countries. In addition, a systematic review was carried out to
find and evaluate papers on SWM’s environmental knowledge, awareness, attitudes, and
practices from 2010 to 2019 in underdeveloped nations. Evidence reveals that students at the
secondary and tertiary levels are concerned about the environment and have favorable
attitudes toward it, but teachers lack the necessary training to help students implement SWM.
Low environmental awareness among students is correlated with teachers’ lack of SWM for
environmental sustainability practical experience. Additionally, differences in awareness,
attitude, and practices of SWM associated with education and age were discovered, as well as
a relationship between teachers' and students' knowledge and attitudes toward SWM. This
review also indicated that teachers’ practical environmental curriculum are often too flimsy to
adequately address contemporary environmental issues for cleaner and sustainable
development, which contributes to the lack of environmental education in the majority of
developing nations.

2.1.1 Solid Waste Generation

The most critical factor to consider for effective solid waste management is waste
generation.System for managing garbage. The amount of waste produced varies greatly
between nations.Dependent on the management, culture, and public awareness (Hazra &
Goel, 2009; Wagner & Arnold,2008;Magrinho eta Al,2006).

A three-tiered strategy for handling solid waste has been devised by the Environmental
Protection Agency. To lessen the amount of waste going towards final disposal, each of these
practices should be used. The best way to manage solid waste is to REDUCE it. Avoid
producing waste in the first place! Just what you need, buy. Use whatever you purchase.
Avoid things that are overly packed. Avoid using disposable goods like plastic silverware and
paper plates. For those goods that you use frequently, choose the largest size package. The
better method to handle solid waste is to REUSE. Reusing anything is using it again until it is
entirely worn out. The best approach to manage solid waste is to recycle, which is the process
of turning garbage into new materials.

Generally,DevelopedCountries Produce more trash than emerging nations (2008) Kathiravale

and Mohd Yunus. Countries in the region of Asia and Africa generate trash.0.21-0.37 tons
per capita per year, although European nations produce more 0.38 to 0.64 tons of garbage per
capita per year (Intergovernmental Panel on ClimateAdaptation )(IPCC, 2006).

Additionally, it has been suggested that trash generation and a country’s economic health are
related Country. Asia has several nations with larger GDPs, including Hong Kong and
Japan.To produce more trash than developing nations like India, Vietnam, and (Table 2.1)
Nepal (Shekdar, 2009). Additionally, the waste content from various nations varies.Whereas
in rural areas, there is frequently more organic waste and less recyclable material produced
(Idris et al.,2004).

High waste generation is a problem in developed countries, but not in developing

ones.Usually experience issues with the management system’s deployment (Hazra & Goel,)
(Bai & Sutanto, 2002; 2009). This involves a lack of technology, lax enforcement, and
Inefficient application of policies (Agamuthu et al., 2009). Details on these nations
Poor and inconsistent garbage collection, uncontrolled air and water pollution, and Open
garbage dump, flies and vermin thriving, and poor management of Scavenging methods
(Latifah et al., 2009).

Given the rise in trash output in wealthy nations, it is thought that other the same things will
happen in developing and transitional nations. Prior to recently, the production of waste is
rising and is anticipated to keep doing so. There is a problem with concern for the global
authorities.It is anticipated that garbagae generation will continue to load the landfill;
eventually,there won’t be any more room for it waste.

2.1.2 Solid Waste Disposal

In order to choose the most appropriate trash disposal method, information on waste
generation is crucial Options. Pollution may result from improper garbage disposal. The
primary goal of implementation pollution prevention is the finest solid waste management
method. It poses a hazard to both people and other life things (Morra et al., 2009; Liu &
Morton, 1998). It could also destroy the ecology, mess with the climate and natural cycles,
and (Raga et al.2001). There are numerous disposal alternatives to choose from depending on
the type of waste, and a favor and interests of the nation.

In the UK, as well as the majority of other nations, there are a number of strict regulations
governing the treatment and disposal of trash, both onshore and offshore. Licenses are
required for facilities engaged in the transfer and treatment of garbage, and all employees at
such facilities must have the appropriate training associated with the management of waste,
which is frequently harmful if handled improperly. Facilities for waste management must
also be able to react rapidly to emergencies. Due to their nature, emergencies almost never
come with any kind of notice. Because of this, emergency response teams need to be
available at all times, 365 days a year. Disposal of waste and treatment of waste can come
from

The biggest problems with garbage disposal options are almost usually the economic and
environmental ones.In selecting the appropriate technology (Aye & Widjaya, 2006;
Daskalopoulos et al., 1997).Developed Asian nations like Singapore, South Korea, and Japan
are en route to Although some Asian countries continue to struggle with open
landfills,dumping (Agamuthu & Fauziah, 2010; Shekdar, 2009; Bai & Sutanto, 2002)
(Agamuthu & Fauziah, 2010; Shekdar, 2009; Bai & Sutanto, 2002).

Despite the growth of numerous garbage disposal methods, landfills continue to be the
Renowned system in use everywhere (Shekdar, 2009; Hamer, 2003). However, a lot of The
landfilling system might have been improved, and the rules regarding the types of The
amount of waste that a landfill can treat is limited, and the majority of active landfills are still
basic.(Hamer, 2003).

Ayomoh et al. (2008) outlined a few issues associated with ineffective landfill
operation.Including surface pollution, accidents, floods, deteriorating health, and
Subterranean waters, a bad smell, a bug problem, and a gas explosion. Despite the while the
effects of landfills are recognized, there are still questions about the effects of other options.
Being criticized (Hamer, 2003).

Because industrialized nations have ample financial resources, they have chosen incineration.
Input and are researching waste-derived energy (Papageorgiou et al., 2009; Kleiss & Imura,
2006). A small nation like Singapore uses rubbish incineration.Disposal choice because of the
lack of land (Bai & Sutanto, 2002). Incineration is still a form of Also connected to certain
additional dangers. This also involves the production of cancer-causing and poisonous
substance Additionally, it will create finished goods that require additional processing where
it is dioxin is a class of very hazardous chemicals (Hamer, 2003).

Some claim that the negative effects of incineration are exaggerated and the increasing
Technology had significantly lessened the effects on the environment (Morselli et al., 2008;
Hamer,2003). However, a lot of nations favor waste minimization above waste.Treatment
methods including incineration or landfill (Bai & Sutanto, 2002; Boyle, 2000). Technology Is
improving daily, and chemical recycling of plastic wastes has also been
developed.Achievable in these industrialized nations (Al-Salem et al., 2009).

Regardless of the technology selected, it has advantages and disadvantages. The specifics of
each To choose the best disposal method for each specific situation, disposal options must be
understood.Country. Only a few tools, such as those utilized to calculate, had been used in
the environmental assessment.Best method of garbage disposal. As an illustration, Life Cycle
Assessment found that the most The most financially viable approach for managing garbage
from Indonesia’s conventional markets is Composting at a central facility, whilst the cost of
producing biogas is the lowest ecological effect (Aye & Widjaya, 2006).
Multiple criterion analysis is one of the other strategies used to choose the optimal waste
disposal method.Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA) and MCA (Chung and Poon, 1996). An
SWPlan program It is possible, in particular, to analyze capital and administration costs to
choose the optimum Technological integration in waste management (Fauziah & Agamuthu,
2007).

2.1.3 Solid Waste Management in NABI

In NABI, the Ministry of School and Local Government’s Solid Waste Department The
government (MHLG) is the appropriate authority to handle solid waste issues.Management.
Figure shows NABI's six-step solid waste management procedure.

Regarding the origins, quantity produced, collection, transportation, storage, treatment, and
disposal of municipal solid waste in Mysore City, a thorough analysis was conducted.
Through a questionnaire, a personal field visit, conversations with locals, and verified
municipal corporation records, the information pertaining to SWM in Mysore was gathered.
The creation, storage, collection, transportation, treatment, and disposal of MSW were all
documented through the use of photographs. Based on the Municipal Solid Waste
Management & Handling Rules 2000, this analysis shows that the current MSWM system in
Mysore City is not suitable (Chandra, et al., 2009).

Before it was outsourced to four companies, the municipal administration formerly handled
the cleaning operation.Private consortiums in 1993 to boost productivity (Agamuthu et al.,
2009). Several years later,Has merely succeeded in transferring the problem of solid waste,
not solving it.Issue with another party (Agamuthu et al., 2009).

High school students’ intentions about the separation of solid waste on campus and their
understanding of the environment Hui Li and Chuanhui Liao Environmental research and
public health international 16 (9), 1659, 2019 Engaging young people is crucial to achieving
significant and sustainable levels of separation of municipal solid waste (MSW), as they are
significant change-drivers and will have a significant impact on the future of the globe. The
purpose of this study was to comprehend the intentions of Chinese high school students
toward the separation of solid trash on campus (SSWC). To explain how 562 people behaved
when separating their solid waste (SSW), the study used the Theory of Planned Behavior
(TPB) as its theoretical framework. It also included two additional constructs (environmental
education and environmental knowledge).

Low environmental awareness among students is correlated with teachers’ lack of SWM for
environmental sustainability practical experience. Additionally, differences in awareness,
attitude, and practices of SWM associated with education and age were discovered, as well as
a relationship between teachers’ and students’ knowledge and attitudes toward SWM. This
study also showed that teachers’ practical environmental curriculum are often insufficient to
address contemporary environmental concerns for sustainable development and cleaner
production, which contributes to the lack of environmental education in the majority of
developing nations (CP). Environmental sustainability education should be incorporated into
schools at all levels in developing nations to close the knowledge gap that exists between
younger and older people in SWM.

2.1.4 The Solid Waste and Public Cleasing Management

(SWPCM)Act2007

The Northeastern Academy poor solid waste management strategy had encouraged the by
approving the Solid Waste and Recycling Act, the government would further enhance the
management system.Since 1997, the Public Cleansing Management (SWPCM) Act has been
reviewed.(2009) Agamuthu et al. The SWPCM Act of 2007’s goal is to enhance and assure
superior solid waste management services (Agamuthu et al., 2009). The obligation for
implementing the (SWPCM) Act will move from Local the federal government has the power
to manage the nation’s solid waste (Agamuthu et al.Latifah et al., 2009; et al., 2009).

The Northeastern Academy solid waste management will undergo significant managerial
reforms.Monetary resources, the method of payment, the waste separation system, enhanced
enforcement, and enhancing the 3Rs (reduce, reuse, and recycle) system (Agamuthu et al.,
2009). Other the stiff penalties in the new Act, which include RM10,000 (EURO), are one
noteworthy aspect.1980) to RM 100,000 (EURO 19,802) of a fine and up to five years in
prison for Those found accountable for improper storage, dumping, and treatment (Latifah et
al., 2009).

The management of solid waste from commercial centers will be covered by the SWPCM
Act of 2007.Places used by the public, building projects, homes, industrial zones, institutions,
and imported andO (Latifah et al., 2009). (Latifah et al., 2009). The act is often concentrating
on the management of garbage at Source. Those who are “found” guilty will be affected by
financial restrictions, although it will be challenging to Find the offender in cases of waste
movement, such as dumping in rivers or the ocean.

Solid waste management (SWM) is a complex issue that involves institutional, political,
socioeconomic, and environmental elements. It has emerged as one of the most important
problems facing urban areas in emerging countries due to exponential urban growth. The
disparity in environmental awareness between young and old people in developing nations
causes ecological problems or waste management challenges, which lead to unsustainable
development and have serious repercussions in low-income countries. In addition, a
systematic review was carried out to find and evaluate papers on SWM in developing nations
from 2010 to 2019 that focused on environmental knowledge, awareness, attitudes, and
practices. Evidence reveals that although secondary and postsecondary students are highly
aware of environmental issues and have positive attitudes toward the environment, they lack
practical environmental knowledge.

Chapter III

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

The research design, the study’s locale, the respondents and sampling techniques, the
research instrument, the data gathering process, and data analysis were the topics of
discussion in this chapter, which describes the research methodology and methods that were
employed in the stud.

Research Design

This study will use a descriptive correlational research methodology. The respondents’ level
of u nderstanding and other variables will be described using the descriptive design. The
correlation design will also be used to assess the significance of the relationship between the
independent variable and the dependent variable.

Locale of the Study

The study was conducted at Northeastern Academy of Buguey, Inc. during the second
semester of the academic year 2022-2023. The Northeastern Academy is one of the nineteen
(19) private, nonsectarian schools that make up the Tuguegarao Archdiocesan School System
and is situated in Barangay Centro, Buguey, Cagayan.

Respondents and Sampling Procedures

The study’s respondents were Northeastern Academy of Buguey, Inc. students in grades 7
through 10, enrolled for the academic year 2022–2023. Stratified random sampling
procedures were used in this investigation. Only 100 students were randomly selected to
participate in the study because there are 4 divisions involved

Research Instrument

Questionnaires will be the instrument used to create the survey and collect the data. The
research tool will also be validated by the English language and will adopt a test preparation
review, reading text, and test papers

Data Gathering Procedure

The following steps will be taken during the data collection process: first, the researchers had
a conference with the participating class after the school principal gave them permission.
Second, the researchers will be giving the students comprehension examination
questionnaires, giving them strict instructions on how to answer the questions firmly based on
their understanding. Finally, the researchers will be gathering the given questionnaires as the
basis in interpretation