Valence electron

Valence electrons
• Valence electrons are those
electrons found in the
outermost shell of an atom.
In other words, these are
the electrons that can be
gained or lost during a
chemical reaction.
How to find the number of valence electron
• To find the valence electron of an element one should know the
electronic configuration on each. The exponent of the highest
number of principal is the number of valence electron.
• EX: Fe26
How to find the number of valence electron
• EX: Cl17 GROUP 7A
• CHEAT:
• For elements under
group A in the
periodic table:
• The valence electron
is also equal to the
element’s group
number.
PERIODIC TABLE AND
PERIODIC TRENDS
PERIODIC TABLE
• The periodic table (also known as the periodic table of elements) is
organized so scientists can quickly discern the properties of individual
elements such as their mass, electron number, electron configuration and
their unique chemical properties. Metals reside on the left side of the table,
while non-metals reside on the right. Organizing the elements to help further
our understanding was first provided by Dmitri Mendeleev.
• HISTORY OF PERIODIC TABLE:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5L_HiJonmco
THE PERIODIC
TABLE OF
ELEMENTS
PERIODIC TRENDS
• Periodic trends are specific patterns that are present in the
periodic table that illustrate different aspects of a certain element,
including its size and its electronic properties.
• Major periodic trends include: electronegativity, ionization
energy, electron affinity, atomic radius, melting point, and metallic
character.
PERIODIC TRENDS
• Electronegativity ca
n be understood as a
chemical property
describing an atom's
ability to attract and
bind with electrons. EXAMPLE: Arrange in increasing electronegativity
Li B C Ne
 • Ionization Energy Trends is the energy required to remove an
electron from a neutral atom in its gaseous phase.

PERIODIC TRENDS • EX: arrange in increasing ionization energy

Fe Zn Mo
PERIODIC TREND
• Electron Affinity Trends
is the ability of an atom to
accept an electron.
• EXAMPLE: Arrange in
increasing electron affinity
•BC S F
PERIODIC TREND
• Atomic Radius Trends is one-half the distance
between the nuclei of two atoms (just like a radius is half
the diameter of a circle).