MATH 8 – INTERVENTION

LESSON: LINEAR INEQUALITY IN TWO VARIABLES

To graph, here are some steps:

1. Write first the inequality in equation form.

2. Determine the x - and y - intercepts or find any two points that will satisfy the equation.
3. Connect the points by a line or broken line depending on the inequality symbol.
4. Choose a test point on either side of the line and substitute to the inequality to determine if which
point may satisfy the inequality.
5. Shade the regions where the test point satisfies the inequality belongs.

Example:

1. Graph 2x + y < 4
Solution: 2x + y = 4
Solve for x - and y - intercepts:
Let x = 0 ; y = 4 , the point is (0,4)
Let y = 0 ; 2x + 0 = 4; x = 2, the point is (2,0)

Graph: Since the inequality is less than, then the line is a broken line.
Choose a test point from both sides of the line. Suppose you take (3, 3) on
the upper half of the plane and (0,0) on the lower part. Substitute these
ordered pairs one at a time to the given inequality.
For (3,3) For (0,0)
2x + y < 4 2x + y < 4
2(3) + 3 < 4 2(0) + 0 < 4
6 + 3 < 4 is false 0 + 0 < 4 is true

Therefore, the half plane that should be shaded is the half plane
containing the point (0,0). All the points below the broken line are
solutions of the inequality 2x + y < 4.

ACTIVITY1: Graph the inequalities

1. 1. y ≤ x +4
2. y + 2x < 5

LESSON: RELATION AND FUNCTION

The first element, x of the ordered pair is called the abscissa and the second element, y is called the ordinate. The set of
abscissa is the domain, and the set of ordinates is the range. Thus, a relation is a set of ordered pairs.

ACTIVITY. 2: Identify the domain and range of the given ordered pairs and identify wheather it is a
function or not.
LESSON: CONDITIONAL STATEMENTS

Conditional statement has two parts, the “If” which is the hypothesis and the “then” which is the conclusion. In the
conditional statement you have to identify the hypothesis and the conclusion

Example: Rewrite the simple statement into conditional statement

 A rectangle has two pairs of parallel sides.

Conditional Statement: “If the figure is a rectangle, then it has 2 pairs of parallel sides.”
Hypothesis: The figure is a rectangle
Conclusion: It has 2 pairs of parallel sides.

ACTIVITY 3: Change the statements to an If-then or conditional statements. Identify the hypothesis and the
conclusion.

1. You pass Grade 8, you will be in grade 9 next school year.

2. An equilateral triangle is equiangular.
3. All acute angles measures less than 90 degrees.
4. Circles with the same centers are concentric circles.
5. The freezing point of temperature in degree Celsius is zero.

LESSON: INDUCTIVE AND DEDUCTIVE REASONING

Definition:
Inductive reasoning
 uses specific examples to arrive at a general rule, generalizations or conclusions.
 Specific to general
Deductive reasoning
 uses acceptable facts, proven theorem as proof to draw a specific case or situation.
 General to specific
EXAMPLES OF INDUCTIVE REASONING EXAMPLES OF DEDUCTIVE REASONING
1. Bonifacio, a Filipino is hospitable. Jona, Ana 1. Filipinos are hospitable. Bonifacio is a
and Peter who are also Filipino are Filipino. Therefore Bonifacio is hospitable
hospitable. Therefore, Filipinos are 2. A quadrilateral is a polygon with four sides. A
hospitable. square is a quadrilateral. Therefore, a square
2. 5, 10, 15, 20. The next number is 25. has four sides.
3. The chair in the living room is red. The chair 3. An angle is acute if its measure is between 0°
in the dining room is red. Therefore, the and 90°. Angle B is acute. Therefore, angle B
color of the chairs in the house is red. measures between 0° and 90°.

ACTIVITY 4: Draw a conclusion from each given situation and identify the kind of reasoning used.

1. Complementary angles are two angles whose sum is 90°. ∠𝐴 and ∠𝐵 are complementary. Therefore, _________.
2. In the sequence 3, 6, 9, 12, … . The next number is __________.
3. All rectangles have congruent diagonals. Square is a rectangle. Therefore, _______________.
4. 2, 4, 6, 8,... The sum of the first 5 even numbers is ___________.
5. A pentagon is a polygon with five sides. Polygon ABCDE is a regular pentagon. Therefore ____________.

ACTIVITY 4: Identify the type of reasoning used in each of the following situations. Write IR if the statement is inductive
reasoning and DR if it is deductive reasoning.
1. Today, Sam notices that the city alarm sounds at 9:00 P.M. The next day of the same time, she notices that the
city alarm sound again. She remembers that the city alarm did sound at the same time the other day. She then
concludes that the city alarm sounds every 9:00 P.M.
2. No foreigner can be elected senator in our country. Peter is a foreigner. Therefore, Peter cannot be elected
senator in our country.
3. Grade 11 students at Javier NHS conducted an experiment on tomatoes by applying Ferrous Sulfate. After three
weeks, they observed the number of tomatoes produced increased. They concluded that the use of Ferrous
Sulfate as organic fertilizer can increase the production of tomatoes.
4. A student who gets a perfect score in mathematics 10 will be given extra credits. Ann got a perfect score in
mathematics 10. Thus, Ann will be given extra credit.
5. All the residents of Barangay Guinhalinan are exempted from paying taxes. The parents of Melanie reside in
Barangay Guinhalinan. Therefore, Melanie’s parents are exempted from paying taxes.