1Q - Can VFDS replace soft starters - Y/No

A – Yes

2Q-True or False about circular sections of chambers

A – statement about hydraulic depth

Circular section chambers statements

A – all statements are correct

3Q-True or False about Infiltration

Infiltration is dependent on soil depth, moisture content,

A – all of the above

4Q-Unit of Mass Density

A – kg/m3

5Q-Nitrification is the conversion of ? ….. to ………..

A – oxidation of ammonia to nitrite followed by the oxidation of the nitrite to nitrate

Ammonia to nitrate ?

6Q-Pressure at 1 m below surface Water

A – 9800 Pa

7Q-Power factor correction requirement according to DEWA regulations

A – don’t know the answer 0.7,0.8,0.5,0.65

8Q-Pipe Diameter = 2m; water height inside pipe – 50 cm ; wetted perimeter ?

A = 2n/3

9Q-60% if 100,000 is profit and 40% of 100,000 is loss. Total Monetary value?

A = 20,000 profit?
10Q True or False about time of concentration, peak discharge, rational method for less than 50 ha

A – all of the above

11Q Velocity at discharge jet

0.6m diameter pipe….100mm nozzle at the end ….velocity of 1.5m/sec ? what is the velocity m3/sec
at discharge jet ?

1.52 or 0.31 or 220 ? or 55 ?

A-

12Q 3 Clarifiers ; Discharge – 2MGD, 30 ft diameter, overflow rate

13Q Inlet time ? 13.8 km Level difference 10

(If the length of overland flow from the critical point to the mouth of drain is 13.58 km and
difference in level between the critical point and drain mouth is 10 m, the inlet time is)

A 8 hours

T=(0.885(l^3))/(h) whole power of 0.385.

14Q Specific gravity for 1mm particle, 5 mm organic particle, minimum velocity

A – 0.45m/s

15Q Impeller with high head has

A – high speed (not sure) or low speed ?

16Q Sharp crested weirs are used for (options..reviers with high sediments

A - Small discharge,small flows

17Q Mannings coefficient is the lowest for

A – Plastic pipes

18Q Purple color used for

A – Reclaimed rain water pipes

19Q Which of the following is not used for treating crown corrosion

A – increasing sulfate content of sewage

20Q Isohytes

A – a line on a map or chart connecting areas of equal rainfall.

1. For 11000f3 parking considering rainfall, new storm network to be designed,

2MGD, Coefficient=0.96 (1 inch=25.4mm)

1 acre = 43560 sqft

1inch/hr = 2.5 x 10^-5

22 ft3/sec ?

2. Purple colour pipe used for which line

Ans. Reclaimed line

3. A project manager is monitoring the project: PV=12400000, EV=14500000, AC=14500000, what

is project status for budget & schedule

Earned Value = % of completed work X BAC (Budget at Completion).

Planned Value = (Planned % Complete) X (BAC)
AC = total cost incurred for the completed work to date.

Schedule Performance Index (SPI) calculation: SPI = EV/PV

An SPI value <1.0 indicates less work was completed than was planned. SPI >1.0 indicates
more work was completed than was planned.

Cost Performance Index (CPI) calculation: CPI = EV/AC

CPI measures the value of work completed against the actual cost. A CPI value <1.0 indicates
costs were higher than budgeted. CPI >1.0 indicates costs were less than budgeted.

For both SPI and CPI, >1 is good, and <1 is bad.

A - The project is on budget and ahead of schedule

 4. An area to be excavated in a budget of 5000AED with 20% profit. Workforce is available 25AED
per hour. How many days?

Ans. 3 Days ???

Question is incomplete.

5. How much time it will take for hydraulic detention in a tank size of 2.5mx15mx3m and Q of
900m3/day and hydraulic efficiency of 86 % ?

Hydraulic detention time (HDT) also known as hydraulic retention time (HRT) is a measure of the
average length of time that a compound (in this case wastewater) remains in a treatment tank or unit.
Simply stated if you started to fill a tank with wastewater the detention time is the average amount of a
time that a drop of that water will remain in the treatment tank before the tank fills and that drop of
water flows out of it. This is important because as wastewater passes through a treatment tank it must
stay in the tank for the necessary period of time in order to be adequately treated. For example, in most
aeration treatment systems, 4 to 8 hours of detention time is necessary in order for the microorganisms
in the aeration system to absorb, adsorb and remove the contaminants (bacteria food) in the
wastewater.
in most aeration treatment systems, 4 to 8 hours of detention time is necessary in order for the
microorganisms in the aeration system to absorb, adsorb and remove the contaminants (bacteria food)
in the wastewater.

1. Centrigual pump transfer

Rotor to Fluid
2. Maximum velocity at open channel
Below water surface
3. Wastewater to septic
Loss organic components
4. Starting torque of squirrel cage induction motor
Low
5. Which of the following has maximum peaking factor
Domestic Sewer
6. Eutrophication
Eutrophication is the process in which a water body becomes overly enriched with
nutrients, leading to plentiful growth of simple plant life. ----which nutrients
Nitrogen and Phosphorus

Q Hydraulic jump in a control unit happens when the control depth is

A - More than critical depth, less than critical depth or equal to critical depth or none of the
answers
Q Scouring is worse on the ….. of pipes
A - bottom of pipes
Q Rainfall is dependent on Intensity, frequency etc ..
A – all of the above

7. Aerobic system

Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) represents the amount of oxygen consumed by bacteria and
other microorganisms while they decompose organic matter under aerobic (oxygen is present)
conditions at a specified temperature.
BOD has traditionally been used to measure of the strength of effluent released from
conventional sewage treatment plants to surface waters or streams. This is because sewage
high in BOD can deplete oxygen in receiving waters, causing fish kills and ecosystem changes.
 Drinking water has a BOD level of 1 - 2 ppm. When the BOD value of water is in the range 3 - 5
ppm, the water is moderately clean. Polluted water has a BOD value in the range of 6 - 9 ppm. In
polluted water, some organic waste is present.

Aerobic treatment technologies can act as stand-alone systems for treating raw wastewater, or
can be used to polish anaerobically pretreated wastewater to further remove biochemical
oxygen demand (BOD) and total suspended solids (TSS). Aerobic technologies can also be used
specifically as a biological nutrient removal system (BNR) to remove nitrogen and phosphorus.

The organic contaminants these microorganisms decompose are often measured in biological
oxygen demand, or BOD, which refers to the amount of dissolved oxygen needed by aerobic
organisms to break down organic matter into smaller molecules. High levels of BOD indicate an
elevated concentration of biodegradable material present in the wastewater and can be caused
by the introduction of pollutants such as industrial discharges, domestic fecal wastes, or
fertilizer runoff.
(https://www.samcotech.com/what-are-aerobic-wastewater-treatment-systems-and-how-do-
they-work/)

8. Pump with three type disc

9. Rotary pump details

10. Drain channel grating fixing inclined toward the flow will increase?

Ans. Increase the flow of water

11. An engineer decided to move software for calculation instead of manual calculations, what he
should consider to use software

Ans. Certified & licensed company software to be selected

12. For the new work, for bidding what kind of procedure you will follow

Ans. Project Approved/listed supplier shall be selected

13. An engineer is viewing many project and note the values of all projects as per data date on 6th
week completion. What is status of each project for considering budget & schedule

14. What is correction factor for DEWA Authority

Ans. 0.50 or 0.65 ?

15. Water to be pumped 40m height by a pump having 76% motor efficiency and 90% pump
efficiency, how much KW power will be used
https://www.electrical4u.net/energy-calculation/pump-power-calculator-formula-example-calculation/

shaft power = power output / ME* PE ?

(https://www.pumpsandsystems.com/centrifugal-pump-efficiency-individual-efficiencies)

16. What is VIF used for

17. BOD at 5 days 20 degree will be ?

Ans. 100% ?

The standard oxidation (or incubation) test period for BOD is 5 days at 20 degrees Celsius (°C)
(BOD5). The BOD5 value has been used and reported for many applications, most commonly to
indicate the effects of sewage and other organic wastes on dissolved oxygen in surface waters
(see TECHNICAL NOTE). The 5-day value, however, represents only a portion of the total
biochemical oxygen demand. Twenty days is considered, by convention, adequate time for a
complete biochemical oxidation of organic matter in a water sample, but a 20-day test often is
impractical when data are needed to address an immediate concern.

18. Centrifugal pump with cast iron pipe 0.6m dia, discharge with 100mm size nozzle, what is
outflow pressure

Dia=

Size

Pressure ?
19. Affect of BOD increase on the oxygen

Ans. Oxygen level will increase ?

Decrease ? high pollution and increase in bacterial growth

20. Turbine water system fall under which law of newton

Ans. Newtons 3rd Law

21. Find the velocity pf water m3/sec in a ditch

Roughness= 0.02, bed slope 50% in 30.5 cm and ditch width is 1.6m

22. Rainfall runn off calculation

23. Centrifugal Pump discharge out components name

(https://www.introtopumps.com/pumps-101/centrifugal-pump-parts/)

24. Calculate the required power for pump motor to pump the water at 25m height with pump
efficiency of 85%
25. Main sewer system fall at which sewer

Ans. Trunk sewer

A sewer line that receives wastewater from many tributary branches and sewer lines and serves
as an outlet for a large territory or is used to feed an intercepting sewer. Also called main sewer.

26. Most common pipeline installation method at stable level ground

Ans. Trench

27. Duration for the detention in grit chamber and sludge digestion

Ans. Grit chamber= 2 minutes and sludge digestion= twenty days

28. What is SVI

Ans. Sludge volume index

29. Trickling filter is designed to remove…

Ans, Dissolved organic matter from wastewater

30. What is CETP

Ans. common effluent treatment plant

31. At the pressure pipe line to release the air which valve used

Ans. Pressure release valve or Air release valve ?

32. If 2% solution of sewage sample is incubated for 5 days at 20 degree and was found to be 8mg/l.
the BOD of sewage is..

Ans. 400mg/l

33. Which of the following pumps is used to pump sewage solids with liquid sewage without
clogging the pump is…

Ans. Centrifugal pump

The disintegrating pump in which solid matter is broken up before passing out, is Centrifugal pump

34. Wooded areas (K=0.15) Assuming time of concentration for the areas of 30 minutes and using
the formula Ps=900/(t+60) the max runn off is…

Ans. 0.15 cumec

(https://www.indiabix.com/civil-engineering/waste-water-engineering/discussion-3992)

35. Which of the following reason SSMP is not used

Ans. Reducing sewer size

Sewer System Management plan is mainly used to maintain and improve the condition of the
collection system infrastructure in order to provide reliable service for the future. Reducing the
size of the sewers may lead to overflow conditions during the periods of high storm.

36. Velocity of water (m3/s) in ditch?

Given – manning’s roughness (n) = 0.02
Avg bed slope of 0.5% is 30.5 cm

37. To find velocity of discharge jet.

 The velocity out of a free jet can be expressed as. v 2 = (2 (p 1 – p 2) / ρ) 1/2 (1) where.
v 2 = velocity out of the jet (m/s) p 1 = pressure before the jet (N/m 2, Pa) p 2 = ambient
pressure after the jet (N/m 2, Pa) ρ = density of the fluid (kg/m 3)

38. Velocity of water =?

The speed at which water flows is known as the velocity of water. Our online
calculator resource determines the velocity of water in a pipe (when the flow rate and
diameter of the pipe are known). Flow rates are usually measured by the volume of
water passing per minute.
Q = VxA
V = (1/n) x (RA1/3) x (S1/3)
RA= A/P

39. To find shalt power of configured pump.

Given – lilting water – 40 mht & 300 m3/h
Pump efficiency – 76 %
Motor efficiency – 90 %
40. B0D5 selected quashes (5-6 quashes)
100mg/l

41. Nickel plating sewerage values

Cin Cout

42. Induction motor used for pumping

The motor type used on most hydraulic pump drives is the 3-phase, squirrel cage,
induction motor, of integral HP in the range of 1 to 500 HP.

43. Rainfall runoff data and calculations

Runoff is generated by rainstorms and its occurrence and quantity are dependent on the
characteristics of the rainfall event, i.e. intensity, duration and distribution. There are, in
addition, other important factors which influence the runoff generating process

44. Type of sewerage pipelines

PVC, ABS, Cast Iron, GRP, Concrete or Clay pipes
Sewer system. Storm sewers, Sanitary sewers & Combined sewers
45. GRP lining for manholes
GRP Liners are basically used to protect the structure from corrosion due to the
acid and gases formed during sewage metabolism. Inter Pipe Factory manhole liners
are flexible composites constructed of a thermosetting chemical resistant resin, glass
fiber reinforcement and additives as required
All liner & benching are of 7mm thick in which 2mm thick is vinyl Ester Resin and 5mm
thick Isophthalic Resin is used. Minimum thickness is 3mm.
46. Per capita data of sewerage

47. Sewerage pumping efficiency

One that is specifically seen in wastewater is the inverse relationship between solids
handling and efficiency. Typically, impellers that are the best at handling solids are the least
efficient. Vortex impellers do well in solids heavy applications, but they have a maximum
efficiency in the 40% to 50% range.

48. Effluent types and data

There are three types of wastewater, or sewage: domestic sewage, industrial sewage,
and storm sewage.
Effluent data means information necessary to determine the identity, amount, frequency,
concentration, temperature or other characteristics of any pollutant discharged.

49. Pumping types and efficiency of pumps

The type of pumps most commonly used at wastewater treatment plants include
the centrifugal, progressive cavity, and positive displacement. Reciprocating
Pumps, Pneumatic ejectors or Air pressure pumps
Many medium and larger centrifugal offer efficiencies of 75 – 90% and even the
smaller ones usually fall into the 50 – 70% range.
Reciprocating pumps are ideal for high-pressure, low-flow applications. Although
centrifugal pumps may be more effective for high-volume-discharge scenarios,
reciprocating pump provides a steady, unchanging flow rate.
A pneumatic ejector pump is complete and fully automated. It does not
require any constant operation by technicians. Pneumatic ejectors’ designs
allow smooth pumping of municipal waste in a pressure sewage system, using
compressed air. They can do so in a wide range of capacities and delivery
methods.

50. Nitrification
Nitrification is a microbial process by which reduced nitrogen compounds
(primarily ammonia) are sequentially oxidized to nitrite and nitrate. Ammonia is
present in drinking water through either naturally-occurring processes or through
ammonia addition during secondary disinfection to form chloramines.
51. Oxygen demand
Oxygen demanding wastes are those substances which oxidize in the receiving
body of water with the consumption of dissolved oxygen.
Biochemical oxygen demand or biological oxygen demand (BOD) is a measure of the
amount of Dissolved Oxygen (DO) required by aerobic microorganisms to
decompose organic matter present in a sample of water at a certain temperature
over a studied period

52. Centrifugal pumps

 Accordingly, radial, Axial, and Mixed flow are three types of centrifugal pumps.

53. Dewa power factor

Power Factor is to be maintained at not less than 0.95
Power factor (PF) is the ratio of working power, measured in kilowatts (kW), to
apparent power, measured in kilovolt amperes (kVA). Apparent power, also known
as demand, is the measure of the amount of power used to run machinery and
equipment during a certain period. It is found by multiplying (kVA = V x A).

54. Various levels of Sewerage treatment

The three stages of wastewater treatment are known as primary, secondary and
tertiary. Each stage purifies water to a higher level. In some applications, only one or
two stages are necessary. The level of treatment necessary depends on the water's
intended use case, and what environment it will be discharged into.

55. Power in wattage of pump

To give you a rough estimate the average rated power of water pump is from 250 watts
to 1500 watts. Smaller the water pump, less is the wattage, less is the power
consumption, hence low is the discharge and head. If the rated power is given in horse
power (hp) then convert it to watt by multiplying it with 746.

56. Rotor and draft assembly of centrifugal pump

The moisture content of a sludge is reduced from 90% to 80% in a sludge digestion tank. The
percentage decrease in the volume of sludge, is

[A]. 25%

[B]. 50%

[C]. 10%

[D]. 5%.
Waste Water Engineering - Civil Engineering Questions and Answers Discussion Page For
Q.4005 (indiabix.com)