Logic and Critical Thinking

MC103NUR | MRS. MELODY CRISPINA MORALES, MSN

PROBLEM-SOLVING SKILLS in PROBLEM-SOLVING
 it is the process of identifying, clarifying and explaining a
situation in need of solution/s
 PROBLEM – is a situation that needs to be dealt with
 a situation or condition that can be resolved in a variety
or multiple ways
The PROBLEM-SOLVING PROCESS
DEFINING THE PROBLEM
 establishing its existence and naming the problem
 “What is the issue, concern or gap?”
ANALYZING THE PROBLEM
 looking into the problems details, who are involved, how did it
happen, etc… Methods of Problem-Solving
 asking who, what, where, when, why and how?  T RIAL AND ERROR – “try and try until you succeed”
 performing root-cause analysis  dangerous because the patient may be harmed if the
ESTABLISHING CRITERIA
solution is inappropriate
 I NTUITIVE PROBLEM - SOLVING – use of “gut feeling” and guessing
 this entails setting clear objectives on what needs to be
 Intuitive judgment is developed through CLINICAL
achieved to eliminate the problem/s
EXPERIENCE with similar types of problems or situations
 It is helpful to break down complex problems into chunks
 E XPERIMENTATION – based on knowledge and research
or smaller, workable and feasible aspects for its resolution
 S CIENTIFIC METHOD - logical and systematic approach
 The decision criteria should be measurable and should be
within scope of the problem trying to be resolved CRITICAL THINKING and PROBLEM-SOLVING
GENERATING OR CONSIDERATING AS MANY SOLUTIONS OR ALTERNATIVES  In nursing…
 ...critical thinking, problem-solving and decision making go
 attempts are made to come up wit different possible ideas or
hand in hand
solutions so that the best will be chosen
 …decision-making is the process of choosing a particular
 generated solutions may be short, intermediate or long term in
and best action to meet a desired goal or problem
nature
DECIDING ON THE BEST POSSIBLE SOLUTION / S
 …they are integrated in the application of the NURSING
PROCESS which nurses use to identify and solve patient’s
 weighing the pros and cons of each solution, determining the problems and needs
consequences and impacts
 choosing those that are low cost but high impact
IMPLEMENTING THE CHOSEN SOLUTION ( OR STRATEGY )
 putting into action the selected alternative
EVALUATING THE SOLUTION
 judging the consequences, impact and outcomes
 Is the problem resolved after implementation?
REVISING THE SOLUTION OR THE PLAN
 continue re-planning and strategizing until problem gets resolved

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