ACMV New Lecture Presentation Update 2022

WELCOME
M&E (ACMV) Course Online Class
SG CAD Engineering Training Centre

No-49B,3&4 Floor , Moesandar St , Hledan , Kamaryaut Tsp, Yangon
Lecturer …… Than Zaw Oo @ Saya Super
B.E – Mechanical ( 2006 )
1
Air-condition & Mechanical Ventilation Services
Fig-1
By Sayar Super
Thursday, March 24, 2022 2
ACMV Concept
Cooling Load For Air condition
Roof or Ceiling or Slab Partition Wall
infiltration People Lighting

glass solar equipment
glass
conduction
exterior
wall
floor
Fig-2
By Sayar Super
Ventilation Concept
Fresh Air Exhaust Air
Fig-5
Fig-3 Exhaust Air
Fresh Air
Fig-4 Fig-6
By Sayar Super
ACMV Regulation Code
ASHRAE STANDARD 2005 Duct Design Hand Book
SMACMA :1990 HVAC System Duct Design
CP-10 :1993 Electrical Fire Alarm System
By Sayar Super
Learning Objectives For Mechanical Ventilation Services
Purpose of MV Equipment (Fan)
Mechanical Ventilation System need For Area(Room)
Type Of MV System & Components
How to Calculate Mechanical Ventilation Rate ( Out Side Air Flow Rate)
Type Of MV Fans
Type Of Air Duct & Components
How to Calculate Air Duct Size
Type Of MV System For Fire mode
By Sayar Super
Purpose of MV Equipment (Fan)
Human Comfort ( need ventilation requirements)
Heat Removal
To bring fresh air into and/or extract contaminated air out of space For acceptable Indoor Air Quality (IAQ)
Fire Protection & Smoke extract
By Sayar Super
Human Comfort ( need ventilation requirements)
From CP-13 From SS-534
Increase Wind
Speed without MV Fan Indoor unit (FCU) With
Fresh Air Duct
Fig-7
By Sayar Super
Heat Removal
Fig-8
Fig-9
By Sayar Super
Acceptable Indoor Air Quality (IAQ)
Fig-10
Removal of Chemical Toxic Gas
Kitchen Exhaust System

Fig-11
By Sayar Super Fig-12

Fire Protection For MV
Fig-13
Fig-14
Smoke extract system Fig-14
Fig-15
By Sayar Super
Mechanical Ventilation System need For Area(Room)
Example……..
▪ Exist Stair Case & Smoke Stop Lobby or Fire Lift Lobby
▪ Internal Corridor
▪ Generator Room
▪ Electrical Room
▪ Machine Room
▪ Fire Commend Center
▪ Fire Pump Room
▪ Flammable Room
▪ Kitchen Room
▪ Car park
▪ Store Room
▪ Toilet
▪ Other
By Sayar Super
Type Of MV System & Components
Extract Ventilation System Duct Ventilation System
Duct Ventilation System
Extract Ventilation System
Duct Ventilation System Components

MV Fan (Duct Type Fan)
Duct Louver
Air Duct
Air Terminal
By Sayar Super
How to Calculate Mechanical Ventilation Rate ( Out Side Air Flow Rate)
Outside Air Requirement

Air Flow Rate Per Person (L/S/Person)
CMH ? CMH ?
Air Flow Rate Per Floor Area (L/S/m2)
Air Change Rate Per hour (ACH)
How to calculate Outside Air Requirement

Fan Size Fan Capacity (m3/hr) or CMH
Static Pressure (Pa) Required outside air flow rate = Air Volume (L/S/Person) X Number of Person
(L/S)
Required outside air flow rate = Air Volume (L/S/m2) X Floor Area
(L/S)
Required outside air flow rate = Air Change per hour X Room volume
(m3/hr)
By Sayar Super
How to Calculate Mechanical Ventilation Rate For Carpark ( Out Side Air Flow Rate)
Required outside air flow rate = Air Change per hour X Room volume
(m3/hr) = 6 (From CP 13) X 5250 m3
= 31500 CMH
From CP-13 Other Method Thermodynamics law, (Q = M.Cp.dT)

How to calculate the air flow for Ventilation
Example : (Ventilation requirement for Lift Motor Room)
Maximum temperature = 38°C (within Lift Motor Room)
Outside air temperature = 33°C (or design temperature)
Lift motor heat dissipation = 20kW (obtained from
manufacturer)
Safety margin = 10%
Room Size = 6m(W) x 5m(D) x 5m(H)
Air change per hour = 9 (obtained from CP13 - for MV mode)
Required airflow = 6 x 5 x 5 x 9 = 1,350 cmh
(based on air change)
Required airflow = ____20____ x 1.1 = 3.67 m3/s (or 13,200 cmh)
(based on heat) (38-33) x 1.2
* SELECT WHICHEVER VALUE THAT IS GREATER
By Sayar Super
Staircase Pressurization System
Introduction Of Staircase Pressurization System
Code Requirements & Operation
Airflow Calculation
16
Introduction Of Staircase Pressurization System
17
Code Requirements & Operation
18
Singapore code Requirements
Pressure Difference = < 50 Pa
Force Max 110N (11.2 Kg )
Egress Velocity Shall not be less

than 1m/s ( 3 doors Open)
19
Smoke Stop & Fire Lift Lobby
By Sayar Super
Airflow Calculation
Airflow Calculation For Normal Mode Airflow Calculation For Fire Mode ( Emergency Mode)
Q = V x ACH
Note-1 Pressure Difference when all doors are close Min 50 Pa
Where, Note-2 Egress Velocity (3 Doors open) 1m/s per door
Q = Air Flow Rate ( CMH)
V = Stair Volume ( Area x High) m3
ACH = Air Change Per Hour From CP ( 4 ACH)
21
Kitchen Exhaust Hood System
By Sayar Super
Kitchen Exhaust Hood System Air Flow Rate Calculation
23
Car Park Mechanical Ventilation System
By Sayar Super
By Sayar Super
Type Of Mechanical Ventilation Fan
By Sayar Super
26
Thursday, March 24, 2022
Fans and their applications
Jet Centrifugal
• General comparison Blower
Pressure
Propeller Fan Axial
▪ Can generate low pressure and not very efficient ILC
typically used for non-ducted application, e.g. toilet wall
sometimes used for large flow, e.g. Cooling Towers
Propeller
In-Line Centrifugal Fan
▪ small centrifugal fan with inlet and outlet in-line Air Flow
▪ poor efficiency and noisy
▪ only use for small air flows where pressure is too much for
propeller fan and axial fans is NOT suitable for design
Axial Fans
▪ good efficiency and used for most applications in commercial
ventilation
▪ if pressure is too high, 2-stage fans can be used, which is actually two
fans in series
▪ fan capacity can be changed by altering the blade angle or number of
blades
▪ pressure can be increased by adding inlet guide vanes
By Sayar Super
27
Centrifugal Fan
▪ best efficiency and hence less noise
▪ can develop pressure and flow higher than axial fan
▪ motor mounted outside air stream or externally hence easy for maintenance
▪ adjusting fan speed and alter capacity can be made easily
▪ more space is required due to duct and motor arrangement
▪ need to take into account of entry and exit length so that fan can deliver to design condition
▪ Type of blades
– forward curved
– backward curved (better efficiency and noise characteristics but more expensive. We normally specify for
this type of blade)
– radial (not normally used except rugged condition, e.g. sand in air stream)
Blower
▪ similar to centrifugal fans
▪ very high pressure duty and speed
▪ not normally used for ACMV application
Mixed flow fan
▪ modified centrifugal type to give “semi-axial” flow
▪ sometimes used in roof extract units (integral discharge cowl) or in place of ILC
Jet Fan
Jet fan systems are cost effective active systems that are able to ventilate and
extract
smoke from enclosed or underground car parks. Designed as ductless
ventilation
system, it provides either normal ventilation or for smoke extract in case of
emergencies,
or a combination of both, i.e. making it a “dual purpose fan”.
By Sayar Super
28
High Volume Low Speed Fan (HVLS)
HVLS
By Sayar Super
29
Propeller Fan Axial Fan
Three major types of axial flow fans:
-Tube axial
- Vane axial
-Propeller
Inline Centrifugal Fan
ILC
By Sayar Super
30
Centrifugal Fan Jet Fan
Three major types of centrifugal fan are:

* Radial Blade
* Forward curved, and
* Backward curved
Jet Fan
Centrifugal Fan
Fig-16
By Sayar Super
31
Kitchen Exhaust Bifurcated Fan
Kitchen Exhaust Bifurcated Fan Fig-19
Kitchen Exhaust System Fig-18
Kitchen Exhaust Centrifugal Fan Fig-20

By Sayar Super
32
Example Kruger Fan Catalogue
By Sayar Super
33
Air Duct System
Air Duct Design Note
By Sayar Super
34
Duct Aspect Ratio
By Sayar Super
35
Air Duct Type Air Duct Material (Duct Work)
Galvanized Sheet Metal ( Iron , Steel) GI , GS
Stainless Steel ( Eg : Kitchen Exhaust )
Aluminum
Fabric ( For Supply Air)
Phenolic Form With Aluminum foil (Eg: AC Supply Air)
Concrete Duct
PVC Coated Duct ( For Flexible Duct )
Insulated Aluminum Flexible Duct( For Flexible Duct )
Rectangular Air Duct Thickness (mm)
By Sayar Super
36
Duct Support & Hanger
Duct Support
Duct Hanger
Duct Support & Hanger Spacing
Duct Support & Hanger Size
By Sayar Super
37
Duct Insulation
Internal Insulation
External Insulation
Thickness --- 50mm ( For AHU)
25mm ( For FCU)
AL Perforated sheet
Rock wool
Thickness --- 50mm ( Non-AC Room)

Rock wool
25mm ( For AC Room )
Fiber Glass AL Perforated sheet
Aluminum Foil
Duct External Insulation
By Sayar Super 38
Fire Rated Insulation ( Fire Rated Duct)
Rated Hour - 2 Hr or 4 Hr
Material – Fire Rated board/50mm THK Fiber Glass
Thickness – 19mm ( For 2hr fire rated board)
Used for Fire Pump room , FCC Room, Fire Lift Lobby,
Flammable Room , Generator Room,………
Non Protected Area
Protected Area
External Insulation Duct
Fire Rated Duct
By Sayar Super
39
Air Duct Design
By Sayar Super
40
Air Duct Size Calculation
By Sayar Super
41
Air Duct Size Calculation
Manual Hand Calculation

Air Duct Calculator (Ductulator)
Air Duct Friction Loss Chart
Air Duct Calculator By Excel
Air Duct Calculator By Duct Sizer App
By Sayar Super
42
By Sayar Super
43
Air Duct Fittings
Duct Branch Radius Elbow
45 Branch
▪ Taps Branch ▪ Tee Branch
Take Off 45 Branch
Duct Elbow Twin Bend

▪ Radius Elbow ▪ Square Elbow ▪ Twin Bend
Guide Vane
W/2
1.5W
1W
2W
By Sayar Super
44
Duct Transition
▪ Duct Length Change ▪ Duct High Change ▪ Duct Width Change
Max 2.5 m Max 2.5 m
▪ Duct Level Change
By Sayar Super
45
Air Duct Damper
Volume Control Damper (VCD) Variable Air Volume (VAV)
Constant Air Volume (CAV)
▪ To Control Air Volume & Temperature
▪ To Control Air Volume ( Manual) ▪ Used For AC System ( Central Air Cool)
▪ Provided Branch Duct
▪ Provided Fresh Air Duct For Comfort Air
VAV CAV
By Sayar Super
46
Fire Damper (FD) Non Return Damper (NRD)
FD
▪ To Control Spread of Fire & to Protect Fire
▪ Used For Protection Area ▪ To Control Back Air Flow
▪ Wall Mounted Fire Damper & Floor Mounted Fire Damper
▪ 2hr or 4hr Fire Rated Damper
Fire Rated Wall
By Sayar Super
47
Motorized Damper (MD) Splitter Damper (SD)
▪ To Control Air Volume Flow ( Manual Adjust)

▪ Provided Main Duct to complete flow for branch duct
▪ To Control Air Volume
▪ Automatic control damper
By Sayar Super
48
Air Terminal
▪ To Air Supply & Out

▪ To good air distribution
▪ To Control Temperature
▪ Air Terminal Air Grilles & Register Grilles

Air Diffuser
▪ AC System ( Comfort AC) Air Diffuser ( For Supply Air )

Air Grilles ( For Return Air )
▪ MV System Air Grilles & Register ( For Fresh & Exhaust Air)
Type of Air Grilles & Register Type of Air Diffuser ( Ceiling Diffuser)
▪ Single Deflection Type ▪ 4 Way Diffuser ( Square Type)
▪ Double Deflection Type ▪ Round Diffuser ( Round Type)
Perforated Type
▪ Linear Bar Type (Return Outlet) ▪ Jet Diffuser ( Round Type)
▪ Eggcrate Type ( Return Outlet) ▪ Swirl Diffuser ( Round Type)
▪ Round Plate Diffuser ( Round Type)
▪ Perforated Type ( Return Outlet)
▪ Linear Slot Diffuser ( Linear Type)
By Sayar Super
49
Air Terminal Location Air Terminal Size
▪ Face Size (mm x mm)
▪ Mounted On Ceiling Surface
▪ Neck Size (mm x mm)
▪ Mounted On High & Low Wall ( High Level & Low Level)
▪ Mounted On Floor
Mounted On Ceiling Surface Mounted On Floor

Duct
Neck
Face
Mounted On Low Wall
Mounted On High Wall 50

Air Terminal Specification
▪ Neck Size (mm x mm )
▪ Air Flow Rate (m3/ hr or L/s )
▪ Throw Distance ( m or ft )
▪ Pressure Drop ( Pa or in wg )
▪ Neck Velocity (m/s or ft/min)
▪ Sound Level or Noise Level ( Db)
51
Air Condition System ( AC System)
Classification Of Air Condition System
Air Condition System For Building
Direct Expansion (DX) System Chilled Water System
Air Cooled Type Water Cooled Type Air Cooled Chiller Type Water Cooled Chiller Type
(Packaged Unit) (Packaged Unit)
Split Unit(Single & Multi)

Window Unit Packaged Unit Packaged Unit
VRV ,VRF , City Multi …
52
Classification Of Air Condition System
Air Condition System For Building
Direct Expansion (DX) System Chilled Water System
Air Cooled Type Water Cooled Type
Cooling Tower
Air Cooled Chiller Type Water Cooled Chiller Type
Cooling Tower
Multi Split Units ( VRV , VRF , City Multi )
Window Units Split Units ( Single Split) Air Cooled Water Cooled
Packaged Units Packaged Units
53
Refrigerant For Air Condition & Chiller System
54
55
Refrigeration System For Air condition & Chiller
❖ Evaporator
❖ Condenser
❖ Compressor
❖ Expansion Valve
Fin – Tube Evaporator (Air & R-Gas) Shell & Tube Evaporator
➢ Evaporator (Heat Exchanger) ( Chilled Water & R-Gas)
❖ Low Pressure R-Liquid R-Vapour ( Absorb Heat)
❖ Evaporator Coil Fin – Tube Evaporator (Air & R-Gas)

Shell & Tube Evaporator( Chilled Water & R-Gas)
➢ Condenser (Heat Exchanger)
Shell & Tube Condenser
❖ High Pressure R-Vapour R-Liquid ( Heat Remove ) Fin – Tube Condenser (Air & R-Gas)
(Condensing Water & R-Gas)
Fin – Tube Condenser (Air & R-Gas)
❖ Condenser Coil Shell & Tube Condenser ( Condensing Water & R-Gas)
Expansion Valve
➢ Compressor
❖ Low Pressure Vapour High Pressure Vapour
➢ Expansion Valve
❖ High Pressure Liquid Low Pressure mixer of Liquid & Vapour Compressor
Electric Expansion Valve

56
Vapour Compression Cycle in Refrigerant
HP - R- Vapour Compressor
LP- R- Vapour
Evaporator
EA 0A RA
SA To Room
Condenser
LP- R- Liquid
HP- R- Liquid Expansion Valve
57
Type of Air condition System in Building
▪ Window Type Air condition System
▪ Spilt Type Air condition (Single Split) System
▪ Multi Spilt Type Air condition System
▪ VRV or VRF Type Air condition System
▪ City Multi Type Air condition System
▪ Packaged Type Air condition System ( Water & Air)
▪ Chilled Water Type Air condition System (Water & Air )
58
Split Unit, VRV/VRF/City Multi Unit, Chilled Water System ြစရွိတန့ ြမ ွိ ်ိဳးြစွ်ိဳးေတမွတနဖက္ြသသံု်ိဳးျပ တန့ Air Con
Indoor Unit ေတကွိံုေလ့လွၾကၾ့္ရေြွင္
Indoor Unit FCU ေတြေေေနဲ႔
➢ Wall Mounted FCU

Wall Mounted FCU
➢ Ceiling Cassette FCU
➢ Ducted Type FCU
➢ Floor Stand Unit FCU
➢ Ceiling Suspended Unit FCU Floor Stand Unit FCU
➢ Ceiling Mounted (Slim Type, Build-in Type) Ceiling Cassette FCU
➢ AHU (Air Handling Unit) စသျဖင့္ ရွိၾကပါတယ္။
Ceiling Suspended Unit FCU
Ducted Type FCU

AHU (Air Handling Unit)
Ceiling Mounted (Slim Type, Build-in Type)
59
Window Type Air condition
• Window Unit ေတကွိံုကယ

ွိံု ္ပင
ွိံု လ
္ သံု်ိဳး င္်ိဳးတွိံုက္ိုက္၊ တွိံုက္ ေ္်ိဳးေတမွသသံု်ိဳးၾကပါတယ္။ ံုေေွက္ပင
ွိံု ်ိဳး္ မွ Split Unit ေတကွိံုြသသံု်ိဳးျပ တွမ ွ်ိဳးလွၾကပါၾပပ။ Window Unit ေတကွိံု Building
ြေဟွင္်ိဳးေတမွသွြသသံု်ိဳးျပ လ က္ရတ
ွိ ွေတဲ႔ရမွ ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။ Window Unit ေတကကက္စျ္ ဖၾ့္ရတွျပ ရတွ မရွိသေလွက္ပါပန။
• မွိမွိြသသံု်ိဳးျပ တနြ
့ ေ္်ိဳး (ဧၾ့္ ေ္်ိဳးိုက္၊ ြွိပ္ ေ္်ိဳး)ေတရနဲ႕ ျပ တင္်ိဳးေပါက္မွတပ္ င္ရတွျဖစ္လွိံုဲ႔ စဥ္ က္မျပတ္ ြသသ ူၾသမႈေတေၾကွင့္ ေေွက္ပင
ွိံု ်ိဳး္ မွ Noise Level မျမင့္တန့ Split Unit
ေတကွိံုတပ္ င္ြသသံု်ိဳးျပ လွၾကပါတယ္။
• Used for Window Mounted Type

• Low Efficiency & noisy
• Small Packaged Type
60
Wall Mounted Type Air condition
Wall Mounted FCU ေတကွိံု ြ ေ္်ိဳးတစ္ ံုရနဲ႕ Ceiling မ က္ႏွွက က္ေြွက္မွ တပ္ င္ြသသံု်ိဳးျပ ၾကပါတယ္။ မ ွ်ိဳးေသွြွ်ိဳးျဖင့္ Split Unit
ေတကွိံုြျမင့္ 2000mm – 2500mm ၾကွ်ိဳးထနမွ တပ္ င္ၾကပါတယ္။ (Bottom of FCU – 2100,2200mm ြျမင့္မွ ထွ်ိဳးတတ္ၾကပါတယ္)
61
Sample Layout Plan For Wall Mounted Type Air condition
Specification
Credit : Ko Sann Maung Maung 62

Ceiling Cassette Type Air condition
➢Ceiling Cassette FCU ေတကေတွ့ ေလ်ိဳးေ ါင့္က က စတံုရေ္်ိဳးပံုိုက္၊သ ေထွင့္မေ္စတံုကပ

သ ံုသ
သ ံွေ္ စသျဖင့္ ရွိတတ္ပါတယ္။ Ceiling မ က္ႏွွၾကက္မွ တပ္ င္ြသသံု်ိဳးျပ ၾကပါတယ္။ Unit ရနဲ႕ Body က
Ceiling ထနမွရေ
ွိ ေၾပပ်ိဳး FCU Panel မ က္ႏွွျပင္တစ္ က
ံု ွိံုပန Ceiling မွကပ္လ က္ ျမင္ရမွ ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။ ေလ်ိဳးးက္ေလ်ိဳးတေ္ကွိံု Cooled Air Distribute လံုပဖ
္ ဲ႔ွိံု ြေေြထွ်ိဳး တၾ္ေ ွက္ ထွ်ိဳးၾပပ်ိဳး
ြလယ္ကေတွ့ Return Air ျပေ္္င္တနေ
့ ေရွ ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။ Filter ကလၾ္်ိဳးြလယ္မွပနတပ္ င္ထွ်ိဳးပါတယ္။ တပ္ င္ပံုတ
သ ပ္ င္ေၾ္်ိဳးကွိံု Installation Manual မွဖတ္႐ႈႏႏွ
ႈ ံုွိငပ
္ ါတယ္။ Body Frame
ြျမင့္ 250mm, 300mm, 350mm ေလွက္ပနရတ
ွိ ွမွိဲ႔ံု Ceiling Space သွိပ္မရႏွံုွိငတ
္ န့ ေေရွေတမွတပ္ င္ဖဲ႔ြ
ွိံု တက္ ြ င္ေျပပါတယ္။
➢ ြတင္်ိဳးးက္ Unit (850x 850)mm ေလွက္ရွိၾပပ်ိဳးြျပင္းက္ Panel ြက ယ္ြ္ေ္်ိဳး (950mm မ 1000mm) ရပ

ွိ ါတယ္။ သူဲ႔ရနဲ႕ ြွ်ိဳးသွ က္က Original Unit မွကတၾ္်ိဳးက Drain Pump
ပါၾပပ်ိဳးသွ်ိဳးျဖစ္ပါတယ္။ Drain Pipe စထက္တန့ ေေရွကေေၾပပ်ိဳး ြေပၚကွိ4
ံု 50mm, 600mm, 750mm ြျမင့္ြထွိ Pump က တေ္်ိဳးတင္ေပ်ိဳးႏွံုွိငပ
္ ါတယ္။ ါ့ေၾကွင့္ Condensate Water ေတကွိံု Throw
လံုပ္ရွမွ Gradient သွိပ္ပူစရွမလွိံုပါးူ်ိဳး။
➢ Square က က ေလ်ိဳးေထွင့္ Panel ျဖစ္တွေၾကွင့္ ေြွက္းက္က ၾကၾ့္ရင္လၾ္်ိဳးြျမင္လၾပပ်ိဳး ၾကၾ့္ရတွ ြ င္ေျပ ေစပါတယ္။ ေလ်ိဳးးက္ေလ်ိဳးတေ္ကွိံု Cooled Air ျဖေ္ဲ႔ထံုတ္ႏွင
ံုွိ မ
္ ေ
ႈ ၾကွင့္
ြေြ်ိဳးကွိံုလၾ္်ိဳး မ တေစပါတယ္။ 4 Wayလသံု်ိဳးမဟံုတပ
္ နိုက္၊ 3 Way, 2 Way စသျဖင့္ မွိမြ
ွိ သသံု်ိဳးျပ လွိတ
ံု န့ ြေေြထွ်ိဳးေပၚမူတၾ္ၾပပ်ိဳး Cooled Air ျဖေ္ဲ႔ထံုတႏွ
္ ငံုွိ ္တန့ Model ေတကွိံုလၾ္်ိဳး
ေရ်ိဳး ယ္္ယ္ယႏွ
ူ ံုွိငပ
္ ါတယ္။

Ceiling Cassette FCU တပ္ င္ရွတင္ သတွိထွ်ိဳးရမၾ့္ ြ က္မ ွ်ိဳး
➢ Installation လံုပ္တန့ြ ါမွေတွ့ Lighting Panel ေတေနဲ႔ မၾွိေစဖွိဲ႔ေ
ံု နဲ႔ Ceiling Panel ြကက္ေတမွ လွိံုကေ
္ လ ွၾပေထစွ ရေ
ွိ စဖွိဲ႔ံု ေေရွ ရပါမယ္။ Cooled Air
Distribution လံုပ္တန့ေေရွေနဲ႔ Lighting Panel ေတေနဲ႔ မေပ်ိဳးကပ္ေစဖွိဲ႔လ
ံု ၾ္်ိဳး သတွိျပ ရမွ ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။ မပ်ိဳးေ ွင္်ိဳးိုက္၊ မပ်ိဳးလသံု်ိဳးေတကထက္လွမယ့္ ြပူဓါတ္ေနဲ႔ Ceiling Cassette က ထက္လွတန့
Cooled Air ေနဲ႔ ေပ်ိဳးလေ္်ိဳးရင္ Condensate ျဖစ္လွႏွံုွိငပ
္ ါတယ္။ လွိံုြပ္တန့ ြေြ်ိဳးပမွဏလၾ္်ိဳး ေလ ွ့သွ်ိဳးႏွွိံုငပ
္ ါတယ္။ ပေတွ့ Lighting ေနဲ႔လၾ္်ိဳးြရမ္်ိဳးေပ်ိဳးေပ်ိဳးကပ္ကပ္ တပ္ င္ဖဲ႔ွိံု
မျဖစ္ႏွင
ံုွိ ပ
္ ါးူ်ိဳး။ ါ့ေၾကွင့္ Cassette Unit ြသံုသ်ိဳးျပ တန့ Project ေတမွ ံုွိရင္ Electrical သမွ်ိဳးေတေနဲ႔ေရွ Ceiling သမွ်ိဳးေတေနဲ႔ပါ ၾွိၾွိႏွွိႈင်ိဳး္ ႏွင
ွိႈ ္်ိဳးလပ
ံု ဖ
္ ဲ႔ွိံု လွိံုပါတယ္။ Power
ြဖင့္ြပွိတ္ကေ
ွိံု တွ့ Remote Controller ေနဲ႔ ျပ လံုပ္ႏွင
ံုွိ ပ
္ ါတယ္။ Wireless Remote, Wired Remote ံုွိၾပပ်ိဳး ႏွစ္မ ွိ ်ိဳးရပ
ွိ ါတယ္။
➢ ြ ေ္်ိဳးေတထနကွိံု လသံုေလွက္တန့ ျပင္ပေလပမွဏ ရေ

ွိ စဖွိဲ႔ံု ြျပင္ကေေ Duct ေတေနဲ႔ Fresh Air ထၾ့္ေပ်ိဳးတွမ ွိ ်ိဳး ရပ
ွိ ါတယ္။ Ceiling Cassette FCU သသံု်ိဳးတန့ ြ ေ္်ိဳးေတမွ
Fresh Air ကွိံု Flexible Duct ေနဲ႔ FCU မွ ရွိတန့ ေလ္င္ေပါက္ကွိံု တွိံုက႐ႈႏ
္ ွိံုကက
္ ၽွိ င္်ိဳးၾပပ်ိဳး တပ္ င္ကွ ျပင္ပေလ ထၾ့္ေပ်ိဳးၾကပါတယ္။ ါက ပသံုမေ္ြေေြထွ်ိဳးမွ ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။
ျမေ္မွျပၾ္မွေတွ့ တ သ
ံု တွိထွ်ိဳးရဖွိဲ႔ံု ရပ
ွိ ါတယ္။ ျပင္ပေလထၾ့္ေပ်ိဳးတွကွိံု Flexible Duct ေနဲ႔ FCU ကွိံု တွိံုက္႐ႈႏက
ွိံု ္မကၽွိ င္်ိဳးပန ြ ေ္်ိဳးထက
န ွိံု Supply Grille/ Diffuser ေနဲ႔ ထၾ့္ေပ်ိဳးတွ
ပွိေ
ံု ကွင္်ိဳးပါတယ္။ ျမေ္မွျပၾ္မွက ဖံုေေ
္ ပါတန့ြတက္ Ceiling Cassette FCU ကွိံု Flexible ေနဲ႔ ကၽွိ င္်ိဳးလွိံုက္ရင္ ျပင္ပက ပါလွတန့ ြၾစ္ြေၾက်ိဳးြမႈေေ
္ တက Coil မွ ကပ္ၾပပ်ိဳး
ြေြ်ိဳးထံုတလ
္ ႊတႏွ
္ ငံုွိ မ
္ ႈ ပမွဏ ဏေလ်ိဳးေဲ႔န က သွ်ိဳးႏွံုွိငပ
္ ါတယ္။မၾကွ ဏ ေ ်ိဳးရပါမယ္။ FCU ရနဲ႕ သက္တမ္်ိဳး တွိံုသွ်ိဳးပါလွိမ့မ
္ ယ္။ ါေလ်ိဳးကလၾ္်ိဳး သတွိျပ ရမယ့္ တ က္ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။
မွိမွိကွိံုငတ
္ ယ္ရမယ့္ ံုွိ ္မွ ႀကသ လွ န့ရင္ Suggest လံုပ္ပါ။ ေွ်ိဳးလၾ္တန့သူ ွိံုရင္ မွိမွိေျပွတွ လက္ သပါလွိမ့မ
္ ယ္။
Lesson Learn Lesson Learn

Sample Layout Plan For Ceiling Cassette Type Air condition
Specification

Air Duct Type Air condition
Ducted Type FCU ေတကွိံု Hotel ႀကပ်ိဳးေတိုက္၊ Apartment ေတိုက္၊ Shopping Centre ေတိုက္၊ Multi-Room Building ေတိုက္၊ Office Tower Building ေတေနဲ႔ Restaurant
ေတမွတပ္ င္ြသသံု်ိဳးျပ ၾကပါတယ္။ မ ွ်ိဳးေသွြွ်ိဳးျဖင့္ Ducting ေတ Pipe ေတေနဲ႔ ႐ႈႏႈပေ
္ ထ်ိဳးတန့ ြေေြထွ်ိဳးရတ
ွိ ွမွိဲ႔ံု Ceiling ြထနမွပန တပ္ င္ၾကတွမ ွ်ိဳးပါတယ္။ Ceiling မရတ
ွိ န့
တ ွိ ဲ႕ေေရွေတမွ ွိရ
ံု င္လၾ္်ိဳး FCU ကွိံု ေ ်ိဳးသံုတ္ၾပပ်ိဳးျဖစ္ျဖစ္ Archi Design ေနဲ႔ျဖစ္ျဖစ္ ေဖ ွက္ပစ္ထွ်ိဳးတတ္ၾကပါတယ္။ Capacity ေပၚမူတၾ္ၾပပ်ိဳး ပသံုစသ ြမ ွိ ်ိဳးမ ွိ ်ိဳး Size ြမ ွိ ်ိဳးမ ွိ ်ိဳး
ရွိတတ္ပါတယ္။ Capacity မ ွ်ိဳးမ ွ်ိဳး ြလသံု်ိဳးြေရြတက္ ေၾ္်ိဳးေၾ္်ိဳးေနဲ႔ ြ ေ္်ိဳးပမွဏ ႀကပ်ိဳးႀကပ်ိဳးေတကွိံု Air Con ေပ်ိဳးဖွိဲ႔ြ
ံု တက္ Ducted Type FCU ေတကွိံု ြသသံု်ိဳးျပ တတ္ၾကပါတယ္။
ေေရွတံုွိင္်ိဳးမွ Air Con ေတ ြမ ွ်ိဳးႀကပ်ိဳးမျမင္ရေတွ့ပါ။ Ceiling ထနမွပန ရေ
ွိ ေၾပပ်ိဳး ေြွက္းက္ကလၾ္်ိဳး ျမင္ရမွမဟံုတပ
္ ါ။ Supply Air Grille (SAG), Return Air Grille (RAG)
စတွေတကွိပ
ံု န Ceiling မွ ျမင္ရမွ ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။
➢ (ဥပမွ ၾကၾ့္ င္တယ္ ံုွိရင္ေတွ့ တွေမ Oceanိုက္၊ Junction Squareိုက္၊ Myanmar Plaza စတန့ Shopping Mall ႀကပ်ိဳးေတမွ သွ်ိဳးရင္်ိဳးလွရင္်ိဳး ေလ့လွၾကၾ့္ႏွွိံုင္ပါတယ္။)
66
Ducted Type FCU တပ္ င္ရွတင္ သတွိျပ ရမၾ့္ ြ က္မ ွ်ိဳး
➢ Ducted Type FCU တပ္ င္မယ့္ေေရွကေတွ့ Coordination လံုပမ

္ ယ့္သူေတြတက္ ပၾွ ေ္်ိဳးေတ ပွိလ
ံု ွပါၾပပ။ စဥ္်ိဳးစွ်ိဳးစရွေတ ေျပွစရွေတလၾ္်ိဳး ပွိမ
ံု ွ်ိဳးလွပါၾပပ။
Installation လံုပဖ
္ ဲ႔ွိံု Ceiling ထနမွ ြတေ္ြသင့္ ေေရွြက ယ္ြ္ေ္်ိဳး ရရ
ွိ ပါမယ္။ ေရဲ႕းက္ ေေွက္းက္မွ က ပ္တၾ္်ိဳးၾပပ်ိဳး တျ ွ်ိဳး Services ေတ ျပၾ့္ႏွက္ေေတွမ ွိ ်ိဳး မျဖစ္ေစရပါးူ်ိဳး။
(FCU ေနဲ႔ Duct) ေတ Install လံုပ္ၾပပ်ိဳးမ တျ ွ်ိဳး Services ေတ ထပ္တပ္တွမ ွိ ်ိဳးကေတွ့ ရွိႏွံုွိင္ပါတယ္။
➢ Tenant ြ ေ္်ိဳးတစ္ ရ
ံု နဲ႕ ြ ေ္်ိဳးြေေြထွ်ိဳးေပၚလွိံုက္ၾပပ်ိဳး ဇ
ပ ွိင
ံု ္်ိဳးျပ လံုပေ
္ ေရွ ရပါတယ္။ Ceiling ေြွက္က ျမင္ရမယ့္ Grille ြေေြထွ်ိဳးိုက္၊ Ducting ေတရနဲ႕ လွိံုကေ
္ လ ွၾပေထရမ
ွိ ႈ
စသျဖင့္ ေတ်ိဳးေတွၾပပ်ိဳး FCU ကွိံု ေေရွ ရပါတယ္။ (No Choice) မျဖစ္မေေ စဥ္်ိဳးစွ်ိဳးရမယ့္ ြေေြထွ်ိဳးေတက လနလွိံုဲ႔ပါ။
➢ FCU ရနဲ႕ ေေွက္ေက ွးက္မွ ြေၾ္်ိဳး သံု်ိဳး 600mm ကေေ 800mm ေလွက္ြထွိ Space ေ္ထွ်ိဳးၾပပ်ိဳး FCU ကွိံု ေေရွ ရပါမယ္။ ေေွက္ေက ွးက္မွ Return Air Duct
တပ္ င္မွ ျဖစ္တွေၾကွင့္ ေေရွ ေ္ထွ်ိဳးရတွ ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။ FCU ရနဲ႕ ေရဲ႕းက္မွလၾ္်ိဳး Ducting ြေႏွွင့္ြယက္မရပ
ွိ န Install လံုပႏွ
္ ငွိံု ဖ
္ ဲ႔ွိံု တျ ွ်ိဳး M&E Services ေတ ပွိတ္ေေ ရ
န့ င္
ၾွိႏွွိႈင္်ိဳးၾပပ်ိဳး ဖယ္ ံုွိင်ိဳး္ ရပါမယ္။
➢ Commercial Building ေတမွ ကၽေ္ေတွ္ႀကသ န့ဖူ်ိဳးတွ ႏွစ္မ ွိ ်ိဳးရပ
ွိ ါတယ္။ Chilled Water FCU ေတေနဲ႔ ပတ္သက္ၾပပ်ိဳး ႀကသ န့ဖူ်ိဳးတွပါ။ တစ္မ ွိ ်ိဳးက Building Owner က Tenant
ေတြတက္ Main Chilled Water Line ကေေ CHWS/ CHWR ႏွစ္လင
ွိံု ်ိဳး္ ပန Provide လံုပတ
္ ွပါ။ Branch Line ႏွစ္လွိံုင္်ိဳး ထံုတ္ န့ၾပပ်ိဳး Gate Valve မွ ြ သံု်ိဳးသတ္ထွ်ိဳးပါတယ္။ ပ
Tenant ကွိံု ငွ်ိဳးရမ္်ိဳးြသသံု်ိဳးျပ တန့ Tenant က Air Con Unit ကွိံု မွိမွိဖွသွ မွိမွိ Sub Con ေ ၚၾပပ်ိဳး တပ္ရတွ ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။
➢ ေေွက္တစ္မ ွိ ်ိဳးက Main Chilled Water Line ကေေ Pipe Branch ထံုတ္ထွ်ိဳး န့႐ႈႏံုသ မဟံုတပ
္ န FCU ပါ Installation လံုပ္ထွ်ိဳးေပ်ိဳး န့ပါတယ္။ Duct ကွိံုေတွ့ Tenant ကွိံု ငွ်ိဳးတနသ
့ ူလွမ
ကွိံုယ္ႀကွိ က္တန့ ပဇွိံုင္်ိဳးေဖွ္ၾပပ်ိဳး တပ္ င္ရတွျဖစ္ပါတယ္။ (တ ွိ ဲ႕ Building ေတမွေတွ့ Short Duct ြတွိံုေလ်ိဳး ထံုတ္ထွ်ိဳးေပ်ိဳး န့ပါေသ်ိဳးတယ္။ Myanmar Plaza မွ ေတဲ႔ႏွံုွိငပ
္ ါတယ္။)
Lesson Learn
67
Sample Layout Plan For Air Duct Type Air condition
Specification
68
Ceiling Suspended Type Air condition
Ceiling Suspended FCU ကွိံု Ceiling Space မေပ်ိဳးႏွံုွိငတ
္ န့ ြေေြထွ်ိဳးတစ္ မ
ံု ွ တပ္ င္ြသသံု်ိဳးျပ ပါတယ္။ Warehouse ေတမွိုက္၊ Shopping Mall က ံုွိင္တ ွိ ဲ႕မွိုက္၊ Restaurant
တ ွိ ဲ႔မွ တပ္ င္ထွ်ိဳးတွကွိံု ေတဲ႔ႏွံုွိငပ
္ ါတယ္။ သူဲ႔ရနဲ႕ ြွ်ိဳးသွ က္က ပါ်ိဳးပါ်ိဳးလ လ ပသံုသံွေ္ရပ
ွိ ါတယ္။ Drain Pump Kit စက္ထနမွ ပါတန့ြတက္ Condensate Drain Water ကွိံု
ြေပၚကွိံု တေ္်ိဳးတင္ေပ်ိဳးႏွံုွိငတ
္ ွေၾကွင့္ Drain ပွိံုက္ျပ ေွ မရွိပါးူ်ိဳး။ ြျမင့္ 600mm ေလွက္ြထွိ ျပေ္လၾ္ တေ္်ိဳးတင္ေပ်ိဳးႏွံုွိငပ
္ ါတယ္။ Ceiling မ က္ႏွွက က္ရနဲ႕
ေြွက္းက္ေွ်ိဳးေလ်ိဳးမွ ကပ္လ က္ တပ္ င္ထွ်ိဳးလွိံုဲ႔ ရတွေၾကွင့္ Servicing ျပ လံုပ္ရွမွလၾ္်ိဳး ြလယ္တကူ ျပ လံုပ္ႏွင
ံုွိ ပ
္ ါတယ္။ Ducted Type ေတလွိံု က္ နမႈ သွိပ္မရပ
ွိ ါးူ်ိဳး။
သူဲ႔ရနဲ႕ Air Blow Out ျပ လံုပ္ႏွံုွိငမ
္ ႈ ပမွဏကေတွ့ ြကေ္ဲ႔ြသတ္ ရွိပါတယ္။ ေး်ိဳးတံုွိက္ Air Distribute လံုပ္ရွမွ ေကွင္်ိဳးမေ္ေပမယ့္ Throw ေ္်ိဳးေ္်ိဳးကွိံု မေရွက္ႏွင
ံုွိ ပ
္ ါးူ်ိဳး။
Noise Level လၾ္်ိဳး ေွိမ့္ပါတယ္။ (36 to 45 dBA) ေလွက္ပန ရွိပါတယ္။ တကယ့္ကွိံု Quiet ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။ Filter ကွိံုလၾ္်ိဳး ြ ွိေ္ၾကွျမင့္စွ Maintenance မလံုပ္ပန
ြသသံု်ိဳးျပ ႏွွိံုင္ပါတယ္။
69
Ceiling Mounted Slim(Build-in) Type Air condition
မ ွ်ိဳးေသွြွ်ိဳးျဖင့္ ေ
ပ မွ္ ယ္ေတကွိံု Hotel Guest Room ေတထနမွ တပ္ င္ြသသံု်ိဳးျပ ၾကပါတယ္။ ြရယ္ြစွ်ိဳးေသ်ိဳးငယ္ၾပပ်ိဳး Height 200mm ေလွက္သွ ရွိတန့ြတက္ Ceiling
Height မေပ်ိဳးႏွံုွိငတ
္ န့ ေေရွမ ွိ ်ိဳးေတမွလၾ္်ိဳး ြသသံု်ိဳးျပ ႏွွိံုငပ
္ ါတယ္။ Hotel Guest Room ေတမွ ပသံုမေ္ ွိံုရင္ ြ ေ္်ိဳးထက
န ွိံု ္င္္င္ င္်ိဳး ္င္ေပါက္တသ ါ်ိဳးေး်ိဳးမွ ေရ ွိ်ိဳး ေ္်ိဳး ြွိမ္သွ
ရွိတတ္ပါတယ္။ ၾပပ်ိဳးမ ြ ေ္်ိဳးထက
န ွိံု ေရွက္ပါတယ္။ ြန ပြ္င္ြထက္လပ
ံု ္တန့ ေေရွရနဲ႕ Ceiling က ပသံုမေ္ ြ ေ္်ိဳးထက္ ေွိမ့က
္ ေေတွမ ွိ ်ိဳး ႀကသ ဖူ်ိဳးပါလွိမ့မ
္ ယ္။ ြန ပ Ceiling
ြတင္်ိဳးးက္ျ မ္်ိဳးလံုွိေေရွေတမွ ပ FCU ေတကွိံု တပ္ င္တတ္ၾကပါတယ္။ (ပသံုေတမွ ေလ့လွၾကၾ့္ႏွံုွိငပ
္ ါတယ္) ။ တ ွိ ဲ႔ေဟွ္တယ္ေတမွ ဧၾ့္သၾ္ ြ ေ္်ိဳးထန ြ္င္ြထက္ကွိံု
Key Card ေတေနဲ႔ Control လံုပ္ၾကပါတယ္။ FCU ရနဲ႕ Power On/Off ကွိံုလၾ္်ိဳး တနထွ်ိဳးတွမ ွိ ်ိဳးေတ ရွိတတ္ပါတယ္။
70
Specification
71
Air Handling Units ( AHU)
Horizontal Unit Vertical Unit

Air Handling Unit (AHU) ြမ ွိ ်ိဳးြစွ်ိဳးမ ွ်ိဳး
AHU ေတကွိံု ဖနဲ႔စၾ္်ိဳး တၾ္ေ ွက္ပသံု ြေေြထွ်ိဳးိုက္၊ တပ္ င္တနေ
့ ေရွိုက္၊ ေြ်ိဳးေစမယ့္ေလ ြမ ွိ ်ိဳးြစွ်ိဳးႏွင့္ ထူ်ိဳးျ ွ်ိဳးတန့ဖဲ႔စ
န ၾ္်ိဳးပသံု ြေေြထွ်ိဳးတံုွိဲ႔ကွိံု လံုွိက္ၾပပ်ိဳး ေြွက္ပါြတံုွိင်ိဳး္ ြမ ွိ ်ိဳးြစွ်ိဳး
နျ ွ်ိဳးႏွံုွိငပ
္ ါတယ္။
(a) Horizontal Unit & Vertical Unit
(b) Draw-Through Unit & Blow-Through Unit
(c) Outdoor Air (or Makeup Air) AHU (PAHU) & Mixing AHU
(d) Constant Air Volume (CAV) AHU ႏွင့္ Variable-Air-Volume (VAV) AHU တံုွိဲ႔ ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။
(a) Horizontal ႏွင့္ Vertical Unit

Blower(supply fan)ိုက္၊ cooling coil ႏွင့္ ေလစစ္(filter) ေတကွိံု တူၾပတန့ ြျမင့္ (same level) တစ္ မ
ံု ွ တပ္ င္ထွ်ိဳးတန့ Unit ေတကွိံု Horizontal Unit လွိံုဲ႔ ေ ၚပါတယ္။ Horizontal
unit ေတကွိံု တပ္ င္ဖဲ႔ွိံု ေေရွ က ယ္က ယ္ လွိံုပါတယ္။ သံုွိဲ႔ေသွ္ ျပ ျပင္ ထွိေ္်ိဳးသွိမ္်ိဳးဖဲ႔ြ
ွိံု တက္ ြလယ္တကူ ြ င္ေျပပါတယ္။ ြရယ္ြစွ်ိဳး ႀကပ်ိဳးမွ်ိဳးတန့ Air Handling Unit (AHU) ေတကွိံု Horizontal
Unit ြျဖစ္သွ တပ္ င္ေလ့ ရွိသၾ္။ လတ္တေလွ ံုွိ ္ေတထနမွ တပ္ င္ ြသသံု်ိဳးျပ မႈ ြမ ွ်ိဳး သံု်ိဳးကလၾ္်ိဳး ပြမ ွိ ်ိဳးြစွ်ိဳးေတပန ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။
ေေွက္တစ္မ ွိ ်ိဳး Vertical Unit ေတကေတွ့ Blower Fan ကွိံု cooling coil ရနဲ႕ြေပၚးက္မွ တပ္ င္ထွ်ိဳးတွေၾကွင့္ Vertical Unit လွိံုဲ႔ေ ၚတွ ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။ ေေရွ
ြ က္ြ နရတ
ွိ ွေၾကွင့္ AHU blower ကွိံု cooling coil ရနဲ႕ ြေပၚမွ င့္ၾပပ်ိဳးေတွ့ တင္ထွ်ိဳးတွမ ွိ ်ိဳးကွိံု Vertical Unit ြျဖစ္ သတ္မတ္ႏွင
ံုွိ ပ
္ ါတယ္။ ြထွိံုင္ ဖွိဲ႔ေ
ံု ေရွ (foot print) ေသ်ိဳးငယ္တွေၾကွင့္
ြ ေ္်ိဳးက ဥ္်ိဳးက ဥ္်ိဳး ထနမွ တပ္ င္ႏွင
ံုွိ ္ၾပပ်ိဳး Space ြမ ွ်ိဳးႀကပ်ိဳး မလွိံုြပ္ပါးူ်ိဳး။ သံုွိဲ႔ေသွ္ ျပ ျပင္ထေ
ွိ ္်ိဳးသမ
ွိ ္်ိဳးမႈ ျပ လံုပဖ
္ ဲ႔ွိံု က္ နပါတယ္။ မ ွ်ိဳးေသွြွ်ိဳးျဖင့္ ြရယ္ြစွ်ိဳးေသ်ိဳးငယ္တန့ Air Handling Unit မ ွ်ိဳးကွိံု
Vertical Unit ြျဖစ္ ထံုတ္လံုပ္ၾကပါတယ္။ 72
Credit : Ko Sann Maung Maung
(b) Draw Through Unit & Blow Through Unit
Draw Through Unit

ေလကွိံု Cooling Coil Section ကွိံုဲ႔ ြရင္ျဖတ္ၾပပ်ိဳးေတွ့မ Supply blower fan ကေေ စံုပ္ယူတွေၾကွင့္ Draw-Through Unit လွိံုဲ႔ ေ ၚပါတယ္။
ြနလံုွိျဖတ္သေ္်ိဳးေစတွေၾကွင့္ Coil ရနဲ႕ Fin ေတြၾကွ်ိဳးကေေ ေလေတက ၾပၾပၾွၾွ ျဖတ္သွ်ိဳးပါတယ္။ တစ္ေၾ္်ိဳးြွ်ိဳးျဖင့္ Cooling Coil မွ Uniform Face Velocity
ရရွိႏွံုွိငပ
္ ါတယ္။ AHU မ ထက္လွတန့ေလ (Leaving Air) ကွိံုလၾ္်ိဳး Supply Duct ေနဲ႔ ြလယ္တကူ တပ္ င္ႏွင
ံုွိ ပ
္ ါတယ္။ Draw Through Unit ကွိံု ြမ ွ်ိဳး သံု်ိဳး
ြသသံု်ိဳးျပ ၾကပါတယ္။
Blow Through Unit

ပြမ ွိ ်ိဳးြစွ်ိဳးက ေတွ့ Blower Fan ကေေမ ေလကွိံု Cooling Coil ပကွိံု မႈတ္ထၾ့္တွျဖစ္တန့ြတက္ Blow Through Unit လွိံုဲ႔ ေ ၚတွ ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။
တစ္ေၾ္်ိဳးြွ်ိဳးျဖင့္ AHU ထနသံုွိဲ႔ ဝင္လွတန့ေလဟွ Blower ကွိံုျဖတ္ၾပပ်ိဳးမ Cooling Coil ပကွိံု ေရွက္ရႏွ
ွိ ံုွိငမ
္ ွ ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။ Blow Through Unit ရနဲ႕ ြွ်ိဳးသွ က္က Supply
Fan ရနဲ႕ ေမွ္တွကေေ ထက္လွတန့ ြပူကွိံု Coil က စံုပ္ယူလံုွိကတ
္ ွေၾကွင့္ ြ ေ္်ိဳးြတင္်ိဳးသံုွိဲ႔ Blower က ထက္လွတန့ ြပူရွိေ္ မေရွက္ႏွင
ံုွိ ေ
္ တွ့ပါးူ်ိဳး။
Draw Through Unit Blow Through Unit
73
Credit : Ko Sann Maung Maung
(c) Outdoor Air သံုွိဲ႔မဟံုတ္ Makeup Air AHU သံုွိဲ႔မဟံုတ္ Mixing AHU
ပသံုမေ္ြွ်ိဳးျဖင့္ ြ ေ္်ိဳးြတင္်ိဳးမွရွိတန့ ေလေတက Return Air ြျဖစ္ AHU ေတ ပ Circulation လံုပ္ၾပပ်ိဳး ျပေ္ယပ
ူ ါတယ္။ ႐ႈႏွိံု်ိဳး႐ႈႏွိံု်ိဳး AHU တစ္ ေ
ံု ပါ့။
ေေွက္တစ္မ ွိ ်ိဳးက ေတွ့ ြေ ွက္ြဥပ တစ္ လ
ံု သံု်ိဳးြတက္ လံုွိြပ္တန့ Fresh Air ကွိံု ေြ်ိဳးေြွင္ သွိံုဲ႔မဟံုတ္ ေႏွ်ိဳးေြွင္ လံုပတ
္ န့ AHU ေတကွိံု Outdoor AHU (သံုွိဲ႔မဟံုတ္)
Makeup AHU သံုွိဲ႔မဟံုတ္ Pre Cooled AHU ံုွိၾပပ်ိဳး ေ ၚၾကပါတယ္။
AHU ြတင္်ိဳးကွိံု ထၾ့္ေပ်ိဳးမယ့္ Fresh Air ကွိံု မထၾ့္ င္ ႀကွိ ၾပပ်ိဳး ေြ်ိဳးေြွင္လံုပ္တန့ AHU မွိဲ႔လ
ံု ွိံုဲ႔ Pre Cooled AHU လွိံုဲ႔ ေ ၚတွပါ။ ပ AHU ေတရနဲ႕ ေသရေ
သ တမွ
Condensation ျဖစ္တတ္တန့ြတက္ ေသရသမ ွ်ိဳးကွိံု 50mm ါမမဟံုတ္ သူဲ႔ထက္ပွိံုထူတန့ Insulation ေနဲ႔ ျပ လံုပ္ေလ့ရပ

(d) Constant Air Volume (CAV) AHU သံုွိဲ႔မဟံုတ္ Variable-Air-Volume (VAV) AHU
AHU Airflow Rateကွိံု မူတၾ္ၾပပ်ိဳး Constant Air Volume(CAV) AHU (သံုွိဲ႔မဟံုတ္) Variable Air Volume (VAV) AHU ွိံုၾပပ်ိဳး ရွိပါတယ္။ တသမတ္တၾ္်ိဳးရွိတန့
Constant Airflow Rate ေနဲ႔ ေမွင္်ိဳးတန့ AHU ကွိံု Constant Air Volume Air Handling Unit (CAV AHU) လွိံုဲ႔ ေ ၚပါတယ္။
ြ ေ္်ိဳးတစ္ ရ
ံု နဲ႕ Cooling Load လံုွိြပ္ က္ြရ Airflow Rate လံုွိြပ္သလံုွိ ေျပွင္်ိဳးလနေမွင္်ိဳးႏွင
ံုွိ တ
္ န့ AHU ကွိံု Variable Air Volume Air Handling Unit (VAV AHU)
လွိံုဲ႔ ေ ၚပါတယ္။ VAV AHU ေတြတက္ Duct လွိံုင္်ိဳးေတမွ Variable Air Volume Box (VAV Box) ကွိံု တပ္ထွ်ိဳးဖွိံုဲ႔ လွိံုပါတယ္။
VAV Box

Air Handling Units ( AHU)
➢ Air Handling Unit (AHU) ံုွိတွ ေျပွရရင္ေတွ့ Fan Coil Unit ြႀကပ်ိဳးစွ်ိဳးလဲ႔ွိံု ေျပွရင္ ရပါတယ္။ Ducted Type FCU ြႀကပ်ိဳးစွ်ိဳးလွိံုဲ႔ ေျပွရင္ ပွိမ
ံု ေ္ပါတယ္။ ြရယ္ြစွ်ိဳးႀကပ်ိဳးမွ်ိဳးပါတယ္။
ျဖေ္ဲ႔ျဖဖ်ိဳးႏွွိံုငစ
္ မ္်ိဳးရၾ္က FCU ေတထက္ ပွိပ
ံု ါတယ္။ ြရယ္ြစွ်ိဳး ႀကပ်ိဳးမွ်ိဳး တန့ြတက္ သူဲ႔ကွိံု မ ွ်ိဳးေသွြွ်ိဳးျဖင့္က သပ်ိဳးသေ္ဲ႔ ြ ေ္်ိဳးေပ်ိဳးၾပပ်ိဳး ထွ်ိဳးတတ္ပါတယ္။ ြန ပြ ေ္်ိဳးထက
န ေေမ Supply & Return
Duct ေတေနဲ႔ Air Distribution လံုပပ
္ ါတယ္။ သပ်ိဳးသေ္ဲ႔ Tenant ြ ေ္်ိဳးေတိုက္၊ Shopping Mall ေတရနဲ႕ Corridor Area ေတိုက္၊ ေ ်ိဳး္ါ်ိဳးစက္႐ႈႏံုေ
သ တက ြေြ်ိဳး ေ္်ိဳးေတိုက္၊ Hotel Ballroom ေတ
စတန့ေေရွေတမွ ြသသံု်ိဳးမ ွ်ိဳးပါတယ္။
➢ သူဲ႔ြတက္ ေေရွသပ်ိဳးသေ္ဲ႔တစ္ ံု ေပ်ိဳးရပါတယ္။ ေေရွ Space မ ွ်ိဳးမ ွ်ိဳးေပ်ိဳးဖဲ႔ွိံု မျဖစ္ႏွင
ံုွိ ္တန့ စကၤွပူလွိံုႏွံုွိငင
္ က
သ Shopping Mall ေတမွ AHU ြ ေ္်ိဳး သတ္မတ္ေပ်ိဳးေသွ္လၾ္်ိဳး တစ္ ေ္်ိဳးတၾ္်ိဳးမွ
ႏွစ္လံု်ိဳးသ ထၾ့္ထွ်ိဳးတွမ ွိ ်ိဳးိုက္၊ ြေပၚေြွက္ င့္ထွ်ိဳးၾပပ်ိဳး ႏွစ္လံု်ိဳးသ သသံု်ိဳးလသံု်ိဳး ရွိတန့ AHU ြ ေ္်ိဳး ဖနဲ႔စၾ္်ိဳးတွမ ွိ ်ိဳး လံုပ္တတ္ပါတယ္။ ြ ေ္်ိဳးေေရွမေပ်ိဳးပန Ceiling မွ ွိတ္ နထွ်ိဳးတန့ AHU ေတလၾ္်ိဳး ရပ
ြေပၚတစ္လသံု်ိဳးကွိံု Hang ထွ်ိဳးတယ္။ ေြွက္တစ္လသံု်ိဳးကွိံု Floor မွပန ြထံုွိင္ ထွ်ိဳးပါတယ္။
➢ Floor တစ္ မ
ံု ွ AHU တစ္လသံု်ိဳးထွ်ိဳးဖဲ႔ွိံု ြ ေ္်ိဳးတစ္ ေ္်ိဳး ေပ်ိဳးမယ့္ြစွ်ိဳး Floor ႏွစ္ စ
ံု ွ Serve လံုပဖ
္ ဲ႔ွိံု တစ္ ေ္်ိဳးတၾ္်ိဳး ထွ်ိဳးလွိံုက္တယ္။ ဥပမွ - Ground Floor ေနဲ႔ 1st Floor ႏွစ္ထပ္ြတက္ 1st Floor
မွ AHU ေ္်ိဳး တစ္ ေ္်ိဳးထွ်ိဳးေပ်ိဳးတယ္။ AHU ကွိံု ႏွစ္လသံု်ိဳး င့္ထွ်ိဳးတယ္။ ေြွက္းက္ြလသံု်ိဳးက ထက္လွမယ့္ Duct ေတကွိံု Slab Opening ေတကတ င့္ ေြွက္ထပ္ Ground Floor ကွိံု Ducting
ေတေနဲ႔ ေဖွက္ င္်ိဳးၾပပ်ိဳး Supply & Return ေပ်ိဳးလွိံုက္တယ္။ AHU ေေွက္တစ္လသံု်ိဳးကွိံုေတွ့ I Beam Frame ေတေနဲ႔ ြေပၚတ င့္ျမင့္ ထံုွိင္ထွ်ိဳးၾပပ်ိဳး 1st Floor ကွိံု ြေြ်ိဳးျဖေ္ဲ႔ျဖဖ်ိဳးေပ်ိဳးမွ ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။
➢ ြန ေ
ပ ေရွမွ ကွိံုယ္က AHU ြမ ွိ ်ိဳးြစွ်ိဳး ေရ်ိဳး ယ္ေပ်ိဳးရတန့ တွ္ေ္ကွိံု တစွိတ္တပံုွိင်ိဳး္ ယူထွ်ိဳးရတနသ
့ ူ ရ
ွိံု င္ AHU ရနဲ႕ ေမွ္ ယ္ြမ ွိ ်ိဳးြစွ်ိဳးိုက္၊ Specification ေတကွိံု ေရ်ိဳး ယ္တတ္ေြွင္ လံုပပ
္ ါ။
(ပသံုထနမွ ျပထွ်ိဳးတန့ြတွိင
ံု ္်ိဳး AHU ရနဲ႕ ြတင္်ိဳးပင
ွိံု ္်ိဳး ဖဲ႔စ
န ၾ္်ိဳးပံုသ ရပ
ွိ ါတယ္။ Filter တပ္ င္ထွ်ိဳးတန့ Return Sideိုက္၊ ြေြ်ိဳးကွိ င္ Coil Section ေနဲ႔ ြေြ်ိဳးျဖေ္ဲ႔ျဖဖ်ိဳးေပ်ိဳးႏွံုွိငမ
္ ယ့္ Blower Motor တပ္ထွ်ိဳးတန့ ြပွိင
ံု ္်ိဳး
ွိံုၾပပ်ိဳး သသံု်ိဳးပွိံုင္်ိဳး ရွိပါတယ္။

Air Conditioning System (Variable Refrigerant Volume/ Variable Refrigerant Flow/ City Multi )
Separator Tube ( Y Joint)
Branch Box ( Connection Unit for Indoor Units)
77
Air Conditioning System (Variable Refrigerant Volume/ Variable Refrigerant Flow/ City Multi )
➢ သသံု်ိဳးစတ
န န့ Air Con Brand ြမ ွိ ်ိဳးြစွ်ိဳးေပၚမူတၾ္ၾပပ်ိဳး ေ ၚေ္ၚပသံုကလ
န ပ
န ါတယ္။ Variable Refrigerant Volume/ Variable Refrigerant Flowစသျဖင့္ သသံု်ိဳးစနၾကပါတယ္။ Daikin Air
Con မွ VRV Series ံုွိၾပပ်ိဳးသသံု်ိဳးတတ္ပါတယ္။ Toshiba, Carrier Brand Air Con ေတမွေတွ့ VRF လွိံုဲ႔ သသံု်ိဳးတတ္ပါတယ္။
➢ Split Unit ေတထက္ သွတွက Outdoor Unit ြေရြတက္ေၾ္်ိဳးေၾ္်ိဳးေဲ႔န Indoor Unit ေတ ြမ ွ်ိဳးႀကပ်ိဳးတနၾပပ်ိဳးသသံု်ိဳးႏွင
ံုွိ ပ
္ ါတယ္။ Outdoor Unit ေတကွိံုလၾ္်ိဳး တစ္လသံု်ိဳးတၾ္်ိဳးကေေ
၃လသံု်ိဳးေလွက္ြထွိ တနၾပပ်ိဳးသံု်ိဳးသ ႏွင
ံုွိ ပ
္ ါတယ္။ Indoor Unit ေတ သသံု်ိဳးစနတန့ Capacity ေပၚမူတၾ္ၾပပ်ိဳး Outdoor Unit ေတကွိံု Increase လံုပ္ၾပပ်ိဳး သသံု်ိဳးသွ်ိဳးႏွံုွိငပ
္ ါတယ္။ Indoor Unit
ေတြေေေနဲ႔လၾ္်ိဳး Series တစ္ ံုမွ ြမ ွ်ိဳး သံု်ိဳး ၆၄ လသံု်ိဳးြထွိ ြသသံု်ိဳးျပ ႏွံုွိငပ
္ ါတယ္။
➢ FCU ကေေ ထက္လွတန့ Refrigerant Pipe ေတကွိံု Pipe Joint ေတေနဲ႔ တ

ွိ ္ က္ကွ Outdoor Unit ြထွိ ေပါင္်ိဳးသွ်ိဳးၾပပ်ိဳး တနဖက္ြသသံု်ိဳးျပ တွ ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။ Split Unit လွိံု
Indoor တစ္လသံု်ိဳး Outdoor တစ္လသံု်ိဳး မလွိံုြပ္ေတွ့ပါးူ်ိဳး။ Outdoor Unit ေတြတက္ ေေရွြမ ွ်ိဳးႀကပ်ိဳး ြသသံု်ိဳးျပ ဖွိံုဲ႔ မလွိံုြပ္ေတွ့ပါ။
➢ Split Unit ေတမွ Maximum Pipe Length ကေ္ဲ႔သတ္မႈ ရတ

ွိ ယ္လဲ႔ွိံု ြေပၚမွေျပွ န့ၾပပ်ိဳးပါၾပပ။ VRV/VRF ေတမွေတွ့ Pipe Length ြရၾ္ေတွ္ေတွ္ေ္်ိဳးေ္်ိဳး သွ်ိဳးႏွံုွိငပ
္ ါတယ္။
Horizontal ေရျပင္ၾပြေေြထွ်ိဳးေနဲ႔ ပ္ေ္်ိဳးေ္်ိဳးြေေြထွ်ိဳးတစ္ ံုြထွိ သွ်ိဳးႏွံုွိငသ
္ လွိံု Vertical ေ ါင္လွိံုကြ
္ ေေြထွ်ိဳး တစ္ ံုြေေေနဲ႔လၾ္်ိဳး ြျမင့္ေပေတွ္ေတွ္မ ွ်ိဳးမ ွ်ိဳး
Install လံုပ္ႏွံုွိငပ
္ ါတယ္။ သွိံုဲ႔ေသွ္ သူဲ႔မွလၾ္်ိဳးကေ္ဲ႔သတ္ က္ေတ ရွိေေပါေသ်ိဳးတယ္။ Maximum Pipe Length/ Height းယ္ေလွက္ပ ထွ်ိဳးရမယ္ ွိတ
ံု ွရပ
➢ ါေပမယ့္ Split Unit ေတထက္ ပွိြ

ံု လံုပ္ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။ VRV/VRF Series ေတက Split Unit ေတထက္ေတွ့ ေစ ်ိဳးႀကပ်ိဳးပါတယ္။ ပေတွ့ Client/ Owner ေတကေတွ့
သွိပ္မႀကွိ က္ၾကပါးူ်ိဳး။
➢ VRV/VRF ေတရနဲ႕ Outdoor Unit ေတကြသသသွိပမ

္ ထက္တွေၾကွင့္ တွိတ္ ွိတ္ၾငွိမ္သက္တန့ ေေရွေတမွ ြသသံု်ိဳးျပ ၾကပါတယ္။ Outdoor Unit ေတ ြေရြတက္က Split
Unit ေတေလွက္ မမ ွ်ိဳးတန့ြတက္ ေေရွေပ်ိဳးရတန့ Space က သ ဲ႕သွ်ိဳးပါတယ္။ Architect ေတကေတွ့ သေးွက ၾကတွေသ ွပါတယ္။ Outdoor Unit ေတရနဲ႕
ပသံုပေ္်ိဳးသံွေ္ကလၾ္်ိဳးလပေသသပ္တနြ
့ တက္ ၾကၾ့္ေပ ွ္႐ႈႏႈေပ ွ္ ရွိပါတယ္။
➢ VRV/ VRF Series ေတကွိံု Office Tower ေတိုက္၊ Hotel ေတိုက္၊ ေက ွင္်ိဳးေတေနဲ႔ တ ွိ ဲ႕ေသွစက္႐ႈႏံုေ
သ တမွသသံု်ိဳးၾကပါတယ္။

79
Outdoor Unit Layout For Multi Split System ( VRV III , VRF, CITY MULTI )

VRVIII Piping Schematic Drawing

Chilled Water Air condition System
Water Cooled Chiller

Air Cooled Chiller
1Ton of Refrigeration = 12,000 Btu / hr

[3.517 kW]
Air Cooled Chilled Water Air condition System
42°F
(5.6°C)
compressor chilled-water supply 80°F
120°F (26.7°C)
(48.9°C) RA
chilled-water Pump
SA
55°F
chilled-water return (12.8°C)
57°F
AHU / FCU
50°F (13.9°C)
(10°C)
RA
R-GAS
evaporator
air-cooled
condenser
110°F FCU
(43.3°C)
38°F
(3.3°C) SA
Drain
expansion
Key Components device ❑ Air Side AUU
❑ Water Side ▪ AHU / FCU
▪ Supply Air Duct
▪ Chilled Water Pump ▪ Return Air Duct
▪ Chilled Water Pipes ( CHWS/CHWR) ▪ Fresh Air Duct ( If )
▪ Supply Air Diffuser
83
▪ Return Air Grilles
Water cooled Chilled Water Air condition System
42°F
(5.6°C)
compressor chilled-water supply 80°F
120°F (26.7°C)
Cooling Tower (48.9°C) RA
chilled-water Pump
SA
55°F
100°F chilled-water return (12.8°C)
(37.8°C) 57°F
(13.9°C)
AHU / FCU
CDWR 50°F
(10°C)
Key Components
R-GAS
Condenser Pump CDWS Water cooled condenser evaporator ❑ Water Side
85°F ▪ Cooling Tower
(29.4°C) 110°F ▪ Expansion Tank
(43.3°C) ▪ Condenser Water Pump
38°F ▪ Condenser Water Pipe ( CDWS/CDWR)
(3.3°C) ▪ Chilled Water Pump
▪ Chilled Water Pipe ( CHWS/CHWR)
expansion
device ❑ Air Side
▪ AHU / FCU
▪ Supply Air Duct
▪ Return Air Duct
▪ Fresh Air Duct ( If )
▪ Supply Air Diffuser 84
▪ Return Air Grilles
Cooling Tower
85
86
Cooling Tower
87
❑ The Five System Loops For Chilled Water System
Chiller Pump
Airside CHWS AHU / FCU
CHWR
Chilled water
Chilled water Loop SA RA

Refrigeration
Airside Loop
Heat rejection Loop Air Cooled Chiller
Refrigeration Loop
Heat rejection
Chiller Pump
CHWS AHU / FCU
Cooling Tower
Controls
CHWR
CDWR
Condenser Pump CDWS Chilled water Loop SA RA
Water Cooled Chiller Airside Loop

Heat rejection Loop
Refrigeration Loop 88
❑ Air Cooled Chiller System ❑ Water Cooled Chiller System
Cooling Tower
AC-R-1 CDWR
WC-R-1
CHWR CHWR
CDWS
CHWS CHWS
FCU FCU AHU

AHU
FCU FCU AHU

AHU
FCU FCU AHU

AHU
FCU FCU AHU

AHU
89
90
91
92
❑ How To Know Cooling Tower Size
For Electric Chiller To Know Heat Reject from Chiller
Note-Heat Reject from Chiller 30% > Of chiller cooling Capacity
Chiller Rejected Heat(RT) = Chiller Cooling Capacity (RT) X 1.3
Eg; For 200RT Chiller Cooling Tower Size = 200RT X 1.3 = 260RT
❑How To Calculate Chilled water Flow Rate and Condenser Water Flow Rate
Note- Need to know water cooled chiller cooling capacity
▪ Standard Chilled Water Flow Rate 1RT = 2.4gpm

Eg: For 200RT Water Cooled Chiller Water Flow Rate = 200RT X 2.4 =480gpm
▪ Standard Condenser Water Flow Rate 1RT = 3gpm
Eg: For 200RT Water Cooled Chiller Water of Condenser Flow Rate = 200RT X 3 =600gpm
93
❑Chilled Water Pipe Size & Condenser Pipe Size
94
95
Finally…..
.....End of Presentation
☺
Thank You
Sayar super
Facebook. Saya super
Email; super83.autocad@gmail.com
Ph-09787844783/092130644
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M&E (ACMV) Course Online Class

SG CAD Engineering Training Centre

infiltration People Lighting

Fresh Air Exhaust Air

ASHRAE STANDARD 2005 Duct Design Hand Book

SMACMA :1990 HVAC System Duct Design

CP-10 :1993 Electrical Fire Alarm System

Purpose of MV Equipment (Fan)

Mechanical Ventilation System need For Area(Room)

Type Of MV System & Components

Type Of Air Duct & Components

How to Calculate Air Duct Size

Type Of MV System For Fire mode

Human Comfort ( need ventilation requirements)

Fire Protection & Smoke extract

Kitchen Exhaust System

By Sayar Super Fig-12

Duct Ventilation System

Extract Ventilation System

Duct Ventilation System Components

Outside Air Requirement

Air Change Rate Per hour (ACH)

How to calculate Outside Air Requirement

From CP-13 Other Method Thermodynamics law, (Q = M.Cp.dT)

Introduction Of Staircase Pressurization System

Code Requirements & Operation

Egress Velocity Shall not be less

Inline Centrifugal Fan

Three major types of centrifugal fan are:

Kitchen Exhaust Bifurcated Fan Fig-19

Kitchen Exhaust System Fig-18

Kitchen Exhaust Centrifugal Fan Fig-20

Duct Support & Hanger Spacing

Duct Support & Hanger Size

Thickness --- 50mm ( Non-AC Room)

Non Protected Area

External Insulation Duct

Fire Rated Duct

Manual Hand Calculation

Air Duct Calculator By Excel

Air Duct Calculator By Duct Sizer App

Take Off 45 Branch

Duct Elbow Twin Bend

▪ Duct Length Change ▪ Duct High Change ▪ Duct Width Change

Max 2.5 m Max 2.5 m

▪ Duct Level Change

Fire Rated Wall

▪ To Control Air Volume Flow ( Manual Adjust)

▪ To Air Supply & Out

▪ Air Terminal Air Grilles & Register Grilles

▪ AC System ( Comfort AC) Air Diffuser ( For Supply Air )

Mounted On Ceiling Surface Mounted On Floor

Mounted On Low Wall

Mounted On High Wall 50

Direct Expansion (DX) System Chilled Water System

Split Unit(Single & Multi)

Direct Expansion (DX) System Chilled Water System

Air Cooled Type Water Cooled Type

❖ Low Pressure R-Liquid R-Vapour ( Absorb Heat)

❖ Evaporator Coil Fin – Tube Evaporator (Air & R-Gas)

Electric Expansion Valve

Indoor Unit FCU ေတြေေေနဲ႔