Name: Rocel I.
Navaja Section: 1
Activity 1. THE SEVEN PHILOSOPHIES AS USED IN EDUCATION:
Philosophies         What is…
Essentialism Essentialism is an educational philosophy that focuses
on transmitting essential knowledge and skills to
students. It emphasizes a core curriculum of fundamental
subjects, such as mathematics, science, history, and
language arts. The goal is to instill students with the
essential information necessary for success in life and to
prepare them for their roles as responsible citizens.
Essentialists believe in a structured and disciplined
approach to education.
Beauty, back to basic, books, traditional, 1-way learning,
attendance, long school days
Progressivism Progressivism is an educational philosophy that places
emphasis on the interests, needs, and experiences of
students. It views education as a process of active
learning, where students are encouraged to explore and
interact with their environment. Progressivists believe
that education should be relevant to students' lives and
that learning should be student-centered, with an
emphasis on problem-solving, critical thinking, and social
interaction.
Focus on child’s interest progress, flipped classroom,
individualism, 3-way learning, multiple intelligence,
inclusivity
    Why teach…
Teaching essentialism can provide a structured and
disciplined approach to education. It focuses on
imparting essential knowledge and skills that are
considered foundational for students' academic and
practical success. Essentialism can help students
develop a strong educational foundation and prepare
them for future challenges.
Teaching progressivism emphasizes student-
centered learning, critical thinking, and problem-
solving. It encourages students to explore their
interests and experiences actively. By incorporating
progressivism in education, teachers can create
engaging and relevant learning experiences, fostering
a love for learning and a deeper understanding of
subject matter.
            How to…
Nature of the Classroom: In an essentialist
classroom, the teacher typically plays a central
role as the authority figure and knowledge
provider. The classroom is often structured
and disciplined, with a focus on order and
efficiency. Students are expected to adhere to
rules and routines, and the teacher-centered
approach dominates.
Curriculum: The curriculum in essentialism
emphasizes core subjects, such as
mathematics, science, history, and language
arts. It focuses on essential knowledge and
skills that are deemed necessary for
intellectual development and practical life
success. The curriculum is often standardized
and follows a predetermined sequence of
topics.
Nature of the Classroom: A progressive
classroom is student-centered and
emphasizes active learning. Teachers act as
facilitators and guides rather than authoritarian
figures. The classroom environment
encourages interaction, collaboration, and
exploration. Student engagement and critical
thinking are prioritized.
Curriculum: The curriculum in progressivism is
flexible and adaptable to students' interests
and needs. It may involve project-based
learning, experiential activities, and real-world
problem-solving. Interdisciplinary approaches
are common, and the curriculum often evolves
based on students' questions and curiosity.
Perennialism Perennialism is an educational philosophy that centers
on the timeless and universal truths found in great works
of literature, art, philosophy, and science. It advocates for
a curriculum that emphasizes the study of classic ideas
and works that have stood the test of time. Perennialists
believe that these enduring concepts provide a solid
foundation for students' intellectual and moral
development.
Forever unchanging truth
Great books, classics
Existentialism Existentialism is an educational philosophy that focuses
on individual freedom, choice, and responsibility. It
emphasizes the importance of personal experience and
self-discovery in the learning process. Existentialists
believe that education should empower students to find
their own meanings and values in life, encouraging them
to be authentic, self-aware, and engaged in their
education.
Choice, freedom, autonomy, responsibility
Behaviorism Behaviorism is a psychological theory that has influenced
education. It views learning as a process of behavior
modification through conditioning. In the educational
context, behaviorism suggests that desired behaviors
should be reinforced with positive rewards, while
unwanted behaviors should be discouraged through
negative consequences. Behaviorist approaches have
been used in teaching methods, classroom management,
and behavioral interventions.
Perennialism highlights the study of timeless and
universal truths found in classic works. Teaching
perennialism can expose students to profound ideas
and concepts that have shaped human civilization. It
aims to cultivate intellectual and moral development,
helping students develop a sense of cultural heritage
and continuity.
Teaching existentialism can empower students to
take responsibility for their own learning and lives. It
emphasizes personal experiences and self-discovery,
encouraging students to find their own meanings and
values. Existentialism can promote self-awareness,
authenticity, and a sense of purpose in students'
educational journeys.
Teaching behaviorism can be useful in shaping
student behavior and classroom management. It
emphasizes positive reinforcement and
consequences for desired and undesired behaviors,
respectively. Understanding behaviorist principles
can help educators create effective learning
environments that foster positive behavior and
motivation.
Nature of the Classroom: Perennialist
classrooms often have a more traditional and
formal atmosphere. Teachers are well-versed
in classic literature, philosophy, and art, and
they aim to instill reverence for these timeless
ideas. The classroom emphasizes intellectual
rigor and disciplined inquiry.
Curriculum: The perennialist curriculum is
centered around great works of literature,
philosophy, and historical texts. It focuses on
enduring ideas and concepts that have
shaped human civilization. The curriculum is
structured and follows a canonical approach to
education.
Nature of the Classroom: In an existentialist
classroom, the atmosphere is open,
supportive, and focused on individual growth.
Teachers serve as mentors and guides,
encouraging students to explore their own
interests and values. There is an emphasis on
authenticity and self-discovery.
Curriculum: The existentialist curriculum is
flexible and adaptable to students' individual
interests and needs. It may involve
opportunities for self-directed learning,
personal reflection, and exploration of
existential questions. Creativity and self-
expression are encouraged.
Nature of the Classroom: Behaviorist
classrooms are often characterized by clear
rules and routines, with an emphasis on
rewards and consequences to shape
behavior. The teacher takes on the role of a
behavior manager and reinforces positive
behaviors.
Curriculum: The behaviorist curriculum
focuses on measurable learning outcomes
 Observation, imitation. Reward –punishment, routines,
environment
Linguistic Philosophy Linguistic philosophy, also known as linguistic analysis or
ordinary language philosophy, is a philosophical
approach that examines the role of language in
understanding and expressing concepts. In education,
linguistic philosophy has influenced how educators think
about language and its relationship to learning. It
emphasizes clear communication and the importance of
understanding how language shapes our understanding
of educational concepts.
Constructivism Constructivism is an educational theory that asserts that
learners actively construct knowledge by building upon
their prior experiences and understanding. It suggests
that learning is most effective when students are
engaged in hands-on activities, problem-solving, and
collaborative learning. Constructivist educators facilitate
learning experiences that allow students to create their
own meaning and develop a deeper understanding of the
subject matter.
Society, build
Teaching linguistic philosophy can enhance students'
communication skills and critical thinking abilities. It
encourages clarity in language usage and
emphasizes the role of language in shaping our
understanding of concepts. By integrating linguistic
philosophy, educators can promote effective
communication and analytical skills among students.
Teaching constructivism can support active learning
and knowledge construction. By engaging students in
hands-on activities and problem-solving tasks,
educators enable them to construct their own
understanding of the subject matter. Constructivist
approaches can enhance students' creativity,
collaboration, and critical thinking skills.
and objectives. Learning materials are
structured to facilitate specific behavioral
responses, and progress is often assessed
through quizzes, tests, and standardized
assessments.
Nature of the Classroom: In a linguistic
philosophy-influenced classroom, language
and communication are highly valued.
Teachers encourage precise and clear
language use, and they may engage students
in discussions and debates to refine their
understanding of concepts.
Curriculum: The curriculum in linguistic
philosophy may emphasize language arts and
communication skills. It may involve analyzing
texts and engaging with complex ideas
expressed through language. The study of
language and its role in shaping thought is
integrated into various subjects.
Nature of the Classroom: Constructivist
classrooms are interactive and learner
centered. Teachers act as facilitators,
encouraging students to actively construct
their own knowledge through exploration,
hands-on activities, and collaborative learning.
Curriculum: The constructivist curriculum is
inquiry-based and encourages students to ask
questions, investigate, and seek answers.
Learning experiences often involve problem-
solving, experiments, and project-based
activities. The curriculum is dynamic and
responsive to students' evolving interests and
understanding.