1

Chapter 1

INTRODUCTION

Situation Analysis

Solid waste dumps are seriously spoiling the environment in developing

countries. Negative environmental impacts from improper solid waste dumping

can be easily observed everywhere in the developing world. In Pakistan, the

concrete waste management scenario is worsening daily due to a lack of proper

planning and finding.

In developing countries like the Philippines, solid waste

management is the measured area of consideration for government and society.

The increase in industrialization and many technologies causes an increase in

the quantity of waste generation from time to time, and the human population

also causes the generation of solid waste. Glass waste is also a type of solid

waste which the members of society discard. The waste management standard

in developing countries is at its lowest, with poor documentation of waste

generation rates, inefficient storage and collection system, and the

underutilization of disposal sites. Throughout history, waste has been generated

by humans and in areas with many people, waste must be addressed. The

situation has led to the formulation of various waste management policies and

technology such as anaerobic digestion (biodegradable waste), crushing

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machines (plastic and glass waste), incinerators (paper, textile, plastic, etc.),

landfill, gasification, etc.

As a result of industrialization and urbanization, it has been estimated that

several million tons of waste glasses are generated annually worldwide. The

prime sources of waste glasses are waste containers, window screens, window

glasses, tube lights, bulbs, electronic equipment, medicinal bottles and liquor

bottles. Due to the high cleaning and colour sorting cost, only a small proportion

can be recycled by specific markets like container manufacturers. In many

countries, waste glass recycling is especially significant as its recycling rate is

relatively low compared to other solid wastes. For example, 11,530 kilotons of

waste glass were generated in the United States in 2018, and only 27% was

recycled, mainly for containers and packaging. In 2020, approximately 12.8

million tons of waste glass were disposed of, while only 2.7 million tons were

recycled. In Singapore, 72,800 tons of waste glass were disposed of in 2011, and

29% were recycled. In Malaysia, three glass bottle manufacturers produce 600

tons of new bottles daily, but only 10% of these bottles will return to the factories

and be reused to make new ones. The waste glass was around 900 thousand

tons in 2004, and 300 thousand tons was recycled in Poland.

Most of the waste glass is sent to landfill because of impurities which are

difficult to remove, prohibitive shipping costs to glass manufacturing plants, or

mixed colour waste streams which are difficult to separate into beneficial raw

glass stocks. As glass is not biodegradable, the waste produced today will

remain in the environment for hundreds or thousands of years. Waste glasses do

 3

not decompose quickly by themselves; therefore do not provide environmentally

friendly solutions and have a social impact after disposal. The use of waste glass

in the construction industry is among the most attractive option because it can

consume a significant quantity of these materials.

Glass bottles are more than four times as damaging to the planet as

plastic ones because they require far more energy and natural resources to

produce. The environmental impact of glass bottles is much higher when factors

such as their contribution to climate change through energy use and damage

from mining for key ingredients are factored in, finds the study. "Mass energy is

needed to heat the raw materials to make glass. Alice Brock of Southampton

University state that, during the melting of the raw materials for glass, gas

pollutants can be released such as sulphur dioxide and carbon dioxide,"

Recycling of glass is one of the many ways we can help reduce pollution

and waste. Every day we throw away tons of rubbish, and glass is a significant

part of it. Instead of letting landfills pile up with glass objects that threaten the

safety and the environment, we can use them again. Glass can be melted down

and made in many different forms, from drinking glasses to glass fibre. When the

glass is taken to a manufacturing or recycling plant, it is broken into smaller

pieces called cullet. The broken pieces are crushed, sorted, cleaned, and

prepared to be mixed with other raw materials like soda ash and sand. The raw

materials and glass pieces are melted in a furnace and then shaped into moulds

to make bottles of different colours and sizes. New recycled bottles and jars are

made in this way.

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About that problem, the group came up with the idea of creating a

technology that would help reduce the effect of waste glass on the environment,

which is the "Electric Bottle Glass Crusher. "Glass crusher machines are

designed to crush glass to aid in the recycling process. Waste glass comes from

various sources in the form of glass sheets, containers, jars and bottles. The

crusher is a device which is used for the reduction in the size ratio of particles

from large particles to small size particles. Here, the glass crusher is of type

horizontal shaft crusher which has a high particle reduction size ratio due to the

hammer blade mechanism rotating at high speed.

Here is the old process flow of the existing technology used to crush glass

bottles. It uses pedals to operate.

Existing Treadle Glass Bottle Crusher

Prepare the no longer-used Put the broken glass and no longer

and broken glass bottles used glass in the mould drum

Keep on pedalling until 5 Step up the bicycle pedal and start

minutes turning

Open the mould drum and

release the pulverized
glasses.

Figure 1. Old
Process
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Closest Prior Art

(1) Existing Treadle Glass Bottle Crusher

 6

Figure 2. Existing treadle glass bottle crusher

Description:

This invention consists of a recycled bicycle, mould drum and shafts. Just

simply put those bottled glasses and glass wastes, then the beams. Then start

pedalling and continue until such time that the items inside are entirely crashed.

With the help of the shaft inside that gives more collision on the items, the glass

bottles and glass wastes are now ready.

(2) Beverage Bottle Shredding Machine

Classifications
IPC
B02C18/06; B02C18/18; B02C18/
22;
Priorities
CN200810061438A·2008-04-30
Application
CN200810061438A·2008-04-30
Publication
CN101264463A·2008-09-17
Published as
CN101264463A
 7

Figure 3. Beverage Bottle Shredding Machine

Description:

The invention relates to a beverage bottle X driven by gear and screw,

which is characterized in that the rotation of a motor is changed into the lateral

motion of a pressing cutter; the principal body of the acute blade is composed of

three rectangular steel plates screwed together by a plurality of bolts; a

compressed spring is arranged on the bolts to form a pre-tightening force; two

cutters are placed on the plate in the middle; a notch is opened on the third and

the fourth plates, for the cutters to pass through; when the two vessels are

compressed, the plastic bottle between the two plates is cut off by the cutter

penetrating the two plates; a feed mechanism is formed by four jigs distributed in

right angle around the surface of a guide rail, and a poking rod group to pull a

small disk to rotate; therefore, rotary feeding is realized with the reciprocating

movement of the significant body of the pressing cutter; CCW rotation of the

motor is realized when a path control switch is touched by the machine in

operation. The beverage bottle crusher driven by gear and screw has the

advantage that the volume of the beverage bottle is reduced for the convenience

of storage or utilization in family, hotel or other occasions.

(3)Crushing device for waste glass bottles

Applicants
CHONGQING ZHAOFENG
GLASSWARE CO LTD
Inventors
DENG HAO
Classifications
IPC
 8

Figure 4. Crushing

Description:

In Patent No. CN101264463A, the invention relates to the material

crushing and discloses a crushing device for waste glass bottles. The crushing

device comprises a motor, a primary crushing chamber and a secondary

crushing chamber, wherein the primary crushing chamber includes a primary

breaking chamber, a cooling tank and a heating tank; the top of the introductory

breaking section is a hollow plate which communicates with the cooling tank; a

plurality of pores are formed in the bottom of the open container; a partition is

arranged at the bottom of the primary breaking chamber; a through groove is

vertically formed in the section; a vent pipe is placed in the through track;

the other end of the vent pipe communicates with the heating

tank; the secondary crushing chamber comprises crushing rollers, a filter screen

and an airflow channel; an abrasive is arranged inside the crushing rollers; a

plurality of feeding grooves are formed in the crushing rollers; the peripheries

of the crushing rollers are wrapped with the filter screen; the edge of the filter

screen is covered with the airflow channel; the upper end of the Airflow channel

is connected with the primary breaking chamber; a discharge hole is formed

in the lower end of the airflow channel; the airflow channel communicates

 9

with the cooling tank and the heating tank; and the cooling tank, the heating tank

and the crushing rollers are all connected with the motor. According

to the crushing device, the glass bottles are crushed through two stages of

grinding machines and can be polished.

FRAMEWORK OF THE STUDY

Conceptual Framework
In converting architectural and decorative concrete, recycled glass

possesses breathtaking performance due to the aesthetic properties of the waste

glass. By using different sizes of glass, can achieve better aesthetic

concentration can be achieved. Ling and Poon (2011) have demonstrated that

particle size between 2.36 to 5mm or between 5 to 10 mm can significantly

increase the aesthetic value of the architectural mortar produced.

Waste glass as an aggregate replacement also possesses an intrinsic

advantage comparing the physical properties of waste glass and sand, which

have almost the same density, specific gravity and fineness modulus. Concrete

made with glass aggregate would have lower water absorption than concrete

made with sand, and glass absorbs 14% less water than sand. Besides, waste

glass can be used as concrete blocks and paving blocks. Due to the high silica

content of the glass, it is likely to undergo a potentially detrimental alkali-silica

reaction (ASR) in concrete that is not present for particle sizes below 100um.
 10

This characteristic offers a significant feasibility of using waste glass as a partial

cement replacement in concrete construction.

The objective is to make a glass crusher machine which is less costly and

small in size that small workshops can own and to minimize the power consumed

by the device, thereby crushing force by modifying the design of the crushing

chamber, hammer, blade, etc. The resulting glass crushing machine produces

fine particles of glass which can be recycled to formulate new glass articles. It

requires 60% less energy and is used in the partial replacement of material in

concrete for fine aggregate.

Moreover, this project study followed the Input, Process, and Output

Model developed by Asplin et al. (2003). In the Input stage, the researchers

identified the ideas or sources of information being used, such as those found in

various related literature. Similarly, it involves the supplies, materials, tools and

equipment that were merely applied in the design and fabrication of the

technology. The second stage is the Process. This section also included a

discussion of the content. Lastly, the Output pertains to the final product of the

invention, which is the Electric Glass Bottle Crusher. Below is Figure 5, which

shows the presentation of the concept in making the project.

-Ideas and concepts from • Design

related works of literature • Fabricate
and studies • Innovate  Electric Glass
• Test Bottle Crusher
-Materials to be used in the
innovating process • Revise
• Evaluate

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

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Figure 5.Input, Process, Output

Statement of the Problem/Statement of Objectives

An electric glass bottle crusher would lessen the chance of accidents

involving people stepping on broken glass. This crusher will help the environment

produce less waste. The problem also of shortage of sand will be addressed

because this bottle crusher will have pulverized bottles. Somebody will reduce

the expanse of managing. The expense of managing and disposing of your

waste glass bottles will be reduced by using a glass bottle or glass crusher

equipment. Furthermore, by removing bottle-clicking noise pollution collection,

waste glass storage space is reduced, and employees may focus on customer

care rather than waste bottle management.

Empty glass bottles were usually placed into a bottle bin, pushed through

the bar and into a bottle storage room when it was complete. The empty bottles

are stored here, sorted, and collected by a waste management business for a

fee. The existing procedure is inefficient and frequently comes at the expense of

customer service.

This study aimed at developing the design and fabrication of an electric glass
bottle crusher. Specifically, it intended to answer the following questions:
1. What does a bottle crusher can do to lessen pollution?
 12

2. How does a bottle crusher help in Solid Waste Management?

3. Where does a crushed bottle use after it has been crushed?

Objectives of the Study

This research develops an electric glass bottle crusher. The main objectives

of the study are as follows:

1. Design and fabricate Electric Glass Bottle Crusher;

2. Fabricate electric glass bottle crusher; and

3. Test and evaluate the functionality of the Electric Glass Bottle Crusher in

terms of effectiveness, operating performance, safety, technical feasibility,

economic and financial viability, environmental soundness, political acceptability,

and social acceptability.

Definition of Terms
Bottle Crusher - Glass crusher machines are designed to pulverize glass to aid in

the recycling process. Waste glass comes from various sources in the form of

glass sheets, containers, jars and bottles.

Electric – The mechanism is used to power the bottle crusher.

Constructional Sand – The product of the bottle crusher. It replaces aggregates

and can be used in construction or decorations.

Glass Waste - The materials that should be crushed and subject to pulverization.

Time Management- The process of organizing and planning how to divide your

time between different activities.

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Solid Waste- Any garbage or refuse, sludge from a wastewater treatment plant,

water supply treatment plant, air pollution control facility, and other discarded

material resulting from industrial, commercial, mining, and agricultural operations

and community activities.

Crush- The process of crushing glass bottles into smaller particles like sand.
Review of Related Literature
The project analysis referenced various existing devices in patented

documents regarding crushing glasses. Furthermore, the researchers

benchmarked the conception of a new idea and new edition of devices that may

improve and provide convenience in work, notably the electric glass bottle

crusher, using the existing devices.

(1) Existing Treadle Glass Bottle Crusher

This invention consists of a recycled bicycle, mould drum and shafts. Just

simply put those bottled glasses and glass waste, then the posts. Then start

pedalling and continue until such time that the items inside are entirely crashed.

With the help of the shaft inside that gives more collision on the items, the glass

bottles and glass wastes are now ready.

(2) BEVERAGE BOTTLE SHREDDING MACHINE

In Patent No. CN101264463A, the invention relates to a beverage bottle X

driven by gear and screw, which is characterized in that the rotation of a motor is

changed into the lateral motion of a pressing cutter; the central body of the acute

blade is composed of three rectangular steel plates screwed together by a

plurality of bolts; a compressed spring is arranged on the bolts to form a pre-

 14

tightening force; two cutters are placed on the plate in the middle; a notch is

opened on the third and the fourth plates, for the cutters to pass through; when

the two vessels are compressed, the plastic bottle between the two plates is cut

off by the cutter penetrating the two plates; a feed mechanism is formed by four

jigs distributed in right angle around the surface of a guide rail, and a poking rod

group to pull a small disk to rotate; therefore, rotary feeding is realized with the

reciprocating movement of the significant body of the pressing cutter; CCW

rotation of the motor is realized when a path control switch is touched by the

machine in operation. The beverage bottle crusher driven by gear and screw has

the advantage that the volume of the beverage bottle is reduced for the

convenience of storage or utilization in family, hotel or other occasions.

(3)Crushing device for waste glass bottles

Furthermore, in the Patent No. CN106552706A•2017-04-05 The invention

relates to the material crushing and discloses a crushing device

for waste glass bottles. The crushing device comprises a motor, a primary

crushing chamber and a secondary crushing chamber, wherein the primary

crushing chamber includes a primary breaking chamber, a cooling tank and a

heating tank; the top of the introductory breaking section is a hollow plate which

communicates with the cooling tank; a plurality of pores are formed in the bottom

of the open container; a partition is arranged at the bottom of the primary

breaking chamber; a through groove is vertically formed in the section; a vent

pipe is placed in the through track; the other end of the vent pipe communicates

with the heating tank; the secondary crushing chamber comprises crushing

 15

rollers, a filter screen and an airflow channel; an abrasive is arranged

inside the crushing rollers; a plurality of feeding grooves are formed

in the crushing rollers; the peripheries of the crushing rollers are wrapped

with the filter screen; the frame of the filter screen is covered with the airflow

channel; the upper end of the Airflow channel is connected with the primary

breaking chamber; a discharge hole is formed in the lower end of the airflow

channel; the airflow channel communicates with the cooling tank and the heating

tank; and the cooling tank, the heating tank and the crushing rollers are all

connected with the motor. According to the crushing device, the glass bottles are

crushed through two stages of grinding machines and can be polished.

 Chapter 2

METHODOLOGY

Research Design

This study is an experimental, developmental research using the

descriptive approach that shows the changes or how a particular technology is

being innovated to improve outcomes.

Developmental research is defined as the systematic study of designing,

developing, and evaluating instructional programs, processes, and products that

must meet criteria of internal consistency and effectiveness. This is very

important in the field of instructional technology. The most common types of

developmental research involve situations in which the product-development

process is analyzed and described, and the final product is evaluated. This study

is designed to focus on gathering data through survey questions. Proposing the

technology Electric Bottle Glass Crusher is a technology that uses a motor to

operate to crush bottled glass and other glass waste and turn it into sand. To be

used in construction or for landscaping and designs.

This research design was chosen to give further explanation or show

points on the effectiveness of this technology and how it can help the selected

respondents or group of people that would be using it. The survey will try to show

the procedures for operating and how our proposed technology operates and

solve specific difficulties.

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We also use a descriptive approach as we will give some questionnaires to

selected respondents to gather data, and we can see part of the result of the

proposed technology. The success of the technology depends on its

effectiveness and functionality once it is fabricated and done.

Sources of Data

The problem is made based on the technical issue that we see and

experience in our community and was summed up together and made us

propose this study. The sources of data are based on the questionnaires that we

are going to distribute during the process of data collection. The survey of

collecting data will be done to the community of Mati City at some construction

sites and establishments that produce most glass bottles and glass waste.

This would be conducted during the actual time of the presentation of the

technology, including the respondents from the teachers of Technology

Livelihood and Education, for them to see and evaluate the proposed technology.

The collected data will be evaluated to determine if the proposed

technology would help to solve a particular problem in the said community and if

it does make a better impact. Suppose the outcome of the technology meets the

researchers' objective.
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Supplies and Materials

The table below shows all the supplies and materials needed to fabricate

the: Electric Glass Bottle Crusher".

Table 1 Specification of supplies and materials

Quantity Units Description and it's Total Cost
Specification of materials
1 Pcs Motor 1,800
1 Pcs Belt 800
1 Pcs LPG Tank(Unused & empty) 700
1 Pcs Pulley 260
1 Pcs Switch 280
1 Pcs Capacitor 250
1 Pcs Plane Sheet 300
1 Pcs Wire 40
1 Pcs Male Plug 80
1 Pcs Square tube 1200
1 Pcs Metal Shaft 400
2 Pcs Bearing 500

TOTAL Php 6,610

CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURES

The Electric Glass Bottle Crusher is composed of several parts, and the

construction procedures are discussed in detail as follows:

Procedures

These are the following procedures for designing an electric glass bottle crusher:

1. The first step is to assemble the base using a flat bar.

2. Align the mould drum.

3. Make a hole for the bolt to be attached.

4. Then weld for the bracket of the motor.

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Figure 6. Electric
Glass Bottle Crusher
Assembly
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Mould drum Guard Stall

Shaft
Bearing

Pulley

Figure 7. Parts of the technology

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Electric Glass Bottle Crusher Process Flow

Prepare the no longer used Put the broken glass and no

and broken glass bottles or longer used glass in the mold
glass waste drum

Close the mould drum and Turn on the switch of the electric
sealed with a lock. motor.

Open the mould drum and release

the pulverized glasses.
Wait for 5 minutes

Figure 8. New Process Flow

Instrumentation and Data Collection

The methodology and instrumentation used in gathering and collecting

data used are survey questionnaires, interview respondents and also

consultations. By that method, we are able to conclude the results of the study.

The process of gathering data is based on the answers from the respondents

through questionnaires, interviews and consultations. In the end, we will evaluate

the result if the result would give solutions to the technical problem.

This instrumentation is a way of knowing the details and the respondent's

responses from the selected area covered by our study.

The study utilized a survey questionnaire adopted from the Department of

Science and Technology assessment protocol to evaluate the data regarding the

machine's performance, functionality and effectiveness. This was constructed for

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every variable, and responses were rated using the following indicator. It is

designed to collect responses from research informants for the purpose of

gathering information.

The following indicators are described as follows:

Rating Scale Range of Mean Verbal Description Interpretation

5 4.21 – 5.00 Strongly Agree Very Feasible
4 3.41 – 4.20 Agree Feasible
3 2.61 – 3.40 Moderately Agree Moderately
Feasible
2 1.81 – 2.60 Disagree Not Feasible
1 1.00 – 1.80 Strongly Disagree Strongly Not
Feasible

TECHNICAL FEASIBILITY

ECONOMIC AND FINANCIAL VIABILITY

Rating Range of Verbal Interpretation

Scale Mean Description

5 4.21 – 5.00 Strongly Agree Very Viable

4 3.41 – 4.20 Agree Viable

3 2.61 – 3.40 Moderately Moderately Viable

Agree

2 1.81 – 2.60 Disagree Not Viable

1 1.00 – 1.80 Strongly Strongly Not Viable

Disagree

Rating Range of Verbal Description

ENVIRONMENTAL Interpretation
Scale Mean SOUNDNESS

5 4.21 – 5.00 Strongly Agree Very Environmentally

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Friendly
4 3.41 – 4.20 Agree Environmentally Friendly

3 2.61 – 3.40 Moderately Agree Moderately Environmentally

Friendly

2 1.81 – 2.60 Disagree Not Environmentally

Friendly
1 1.00 – 1.80 Strongly Disagree Strongly Not
Environmentally Friend

Rating Range of Mean Verbal Description Interpretation

Scale

5 4.21 – 5.00 Strongly Agree Very Politically Acceptable

4 3.41 – 4.20 Agree Politically Acceptable

3 2.61 – 3.40 Moderately Agree Moderately Politically

Acceptable

2 1.81 – 2.60 Disagree Not Politically Acceptable

1 1.00 – 1.80 Strongly Disagree Strongly Not Politically

Acceptable

POLITICAL SOUNDNESS

Rating Range of Verbal Description Interpretation

Scale Mean

5 4.21 – 5.00 Strongly Agree Very Socially Acceptable

4 3.41 – 4.20 Agree Socially Acceptable

3 2.61 – 3.40 Moderately Agree Moderately Socially

Acceptable

2 1.81 – 2.60 Disagree Not Socially Acceptable

1 1.00 – 1.80 Strongly Disagree Strongly Not Socially

Acceptable

SOCIAL ACCEPTABILITY
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EFFECTIVENESS OF TECHNOLOGY
Rating Range of Mean Verbal Description Interpretation
Scale

5 4.21 – 5.00 Strongly Agree Very Effective

4 3.41 – 4.20 Agree Effective

3 2.61 – 3.40 Moderately Agree Moderately Effective

2 1.81 – 2.60 Disagree Not Effective

1 1.00 – 1.80 Strongly Disagree Strongly Not Effective

PERFORMANCE OF THE TECHNOLOGY

Rating Range of Mean Verbal Description Interpretation
Scale
5 4.21 – 5.00 Strongly Agree Very Efficient
4 3.41 – 4.20 Agree Efficient
3 2.61 – 3.40 Moderately Agree Moderately Efficient
2 1.81 – 2.60 Disagree Not Efficient
1 1.00 – 1.80 Strongly Disagree Strongly Not Efficient

SAFETY OF THE TECHNOLOGY

Rating Range of Mean Verbal Description Interpretation
Scale
5 4.21 – 5.00 Strongly Agree Very Safe
4 3.41 – 4.20 Agree Safe
3 2.61 – 3.40 Moderately Agree Moderately Safe
2 1.81 – 2.60 Disagree Not Safe
1 1.00 – 1.80 Strongly Disagree Strongly Not Safe

Data Gathering Procedure

The researcher gathered data based on the following steps:

1. The survey questionnaire was adopted from DOST-TAP and conducted on the

respondents of this study.

 23

2. The researcher made a letter of permission to the respondents in order to gather

information and collect data based on their responses.

3. Upon approval of the letter, the researchers individually distributed the survey

questionnaires and explained the primary instructions for an achievable

questionnaire.

4. In an instant, all respondents have completed answering the survey

questionnaires. The researchers immediately retrieved the data.

5. The data gathered were tabulated and collated, and subjected to statistical

treatment.

The researchers conducted the gathered data from the study by distributing

evaluation sheets to evaluate the functionality of the technology in terms of

effectiveness, operating performance and safety. However, to avoid bias, the

researchers sought consent from different targeted individuals and worked with

30 respondents, 20 experts and ten faculties purposively from the researchers'

localities, specifically in the City of Mati, Province of Davao Oriental.

Table 2.Experts
faculties as the RESPONDENTS
respondent of the
study
EXPERTS FACULTIES TOTAL
20 10 30

Analysis of Data

After all the data gathering and after it was evaluated, we will analyze if

the result would meet our objectives and aim for this study. To analyze the data,
 24

you need to sum up all the responses from the respondents. From the

questionnaires, we are distributing answers from personal interviews. All the

answers would be validated by the group. To see if the "Electric Bottle Glass

Crusher "would do well in the community if it would help the community solve

problems.

Statistical treatment

The study utilized descriptive statistics, particularly the mean. According to

Hayes (2021), descriptive statistics are brief descriptive coefficients that

summarize a given data set, which can represent the entire or a sample of the

population. Moreover, in mathematics and statistics, the average is the sum of a

collection of numbers divided by the count of numbers in the group. The

collection is often a set of results of an experimental or an observational study or

frequently a set of results from a survey. Further, the collected data were

processed and analyzed to determine their significance.

25
 CHAPTER 3

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

This section involves presentation, analysis, and interpretation of data. It

generally indicates the operation and description of the technology. The process

describes briefly the series of suggestions and functions required for the effective

and efficient utilization of the tool; this includes the operating procedures,

maintenance, and safety control measure structure.

Interpretation of Data

This includes the presentation of data, analysis and interpretation of the

data and findings or the study results. The data was gathered based on a series

of tests. The different respondents conducted trial testing to evaluate the tool's

functionality, cost-effectiveness, aesthetics and design.

The gathered data were analyzed and interpreted using the adopted

Technology Assessment Protocol that assessed the advanced technology's

Technical Feasibility, Economic and Financial Viability, Environmental

Soundness, Political Acceptability and Social Acceptability (TEEPS).

 25

Presentation of Data

Table 3 below shows an Assessment of the Technical Feasibility of an Electric

Bottle Crusher.

Technical Feasibility MEAN DESCRIPTION

1. Patents can protect the technology 4.36 Feasible
2. The technology has unique features/improvements 4.4 Feasible
over existing/similar technologies.
3. The technology has been tested for safety. 4.86 Very Feasible
4. The technology’s raw materials are available locally. 4.43 Feasible
5. The technology has the local capability to be 4.23 Feasible
manufactured on a larger scale.
6. R & D has been conducted for different forms of the 4.26 Feasible
technology
TOTAL 4.42 Feasible

Table 3 shows the technical feasibility of the electric glass bottle crusher.

Most respondents found that the technology is safe and has been tested for

safety which obtained the highest mean of 4.86. This innovative technology can

provide a technical solution to the technical problem and can be used safely.

Additionally, the technology's raw materials are available locally and can be

bought from any hardware or junkshop, and it obtained a mean of 4.43. The

technology can be manufactured on a large scale which received a standard of

4.23.

Furthermore, based on the respondent's collected data, the electric glass

bottle crusher is technically feasible, which obtained a total mean of 4.42. This

means that patents can protect electric glass bottle crusher, has unique features,

is safe, and is capable of being manufactured on a large scale.

 26

Table 4 Assessment on Economic and Financial Viability of Electric Bottle

Crusher

Economic and Financial Viability MEAN DESCRIPTIVE

RATING
1. The technology is perceived to be an alternative
product/ substitute. 4.46 Viable

2. The technology is acceptable to investors and

potential operators. 4.13 Viable
3. The technology does not require complex
cleaning, repair and maintenance. 4.26 Viable
4. The materials are cheap. 4.3 Viable
5. The quality and value of the technology. 4.2 Viable
6. The machine is economically friendly. 4.1 Viable
7. The tool can be able to meet consumer demand
with minimal cost. 4.23 Viable
8. The tool provides satisfaction to consumers in
terms of cost and durability. 4.06 Viable
TOTAL 4.21 Viable

Table 4 presents the Economic and Financial Viability of Electric Glass

Bottle Crusher. Most of the data gathered from the respondent found that the

technology was perceived to be an alternative product/substitute because it has

a good feature and is able to function better over the existing technology, which

obtained the highest mean of 4.46. Also, most of the respondents found that the

tool can meet consumer demand with a minimal cost, which has a standard of

4.23.

In addition, the respondents also found that the machine is economically

friendly and has accumulated a lowest mean of 4.01. Electric Glass Bottle

Crusher does not require complex cleaning, repair and maintenance, which

obtained a total compromise of 4.26. This technology is economically and

financially viable, which received a real mean of 4.21. This means that the
 27

Electric Glass Bottle Crusher can be an alternative/substitute product over the

existing arts, can have potential investors and operators, is affordable, able to

meet the needs of everyone and has a stable supply of raw materials.

Table 5 Assessment on Environmental Soundness of Electric Bottle Crusher

Environmental Soundness MEAN DESCRIPTIVE

RATING
1. The technology does not pose threats to the 4.53 Very
environment. Environmental
Friendly
2. The technology does not pose hazardous effects on 4
plants, animals and human welfare. Environmental
Friendly
3. The technology poses no harmful threats to direct 4.46
and indirect workers in the process. Environmental
Friendly
4. The technology does not produce negative impacts 4.03
on noise in the vicinity. Environmental
Friendly
5. The technology does not produce alarming 4.43
chemical content in the environment. Environmental
Friendly
6. The technology produces wastes that are 4.16 Environmental
manageable and can be mitigated. Friendly
Total 4.26 Environmental
Friendly

Table 5 presents the environmental soundness of the electric glass bottle

crusher. Most respondents found that this technology does not threaten the

environment, which is why it is safe and usable, which obtain the highest mean of

4.53.

However, the respondents found that this technology does not pose

hazardous effects to plants, animals and human welfare, obtains the lowest
 28

mean of 4, there are no harmful threats direct and indirect to the works, does not

produce negative impacts on noise in the vicinity, does not produce alarming

chemical content and does not produce waste that is not manageable.

. Electric Glass Bottle Crushers have environmental soundness, which obtained

a total mean of 4.26 and was evaluated as environmentally friendly.

Table 6 Assessment on Political Acceptability of Electric Glass Bottle Crusher

Political Acceptability MEAN DESCRIPTIVE

RATING
1. The technology is compliant with consumer laws. 4.3 Politically
Acceptable
2. Government programs support the technology. 4.16 Politically
Acceptable
3. The technology is compliant with safety regulations. 4.46 Politically
Acceptable
4. The technology is a service provider that matches 4.46 Politically
the objectives and interests of the target end user. Acceptable
5. The technology meets the regulatory requirements 4.5 Politically
and standards for its utilization. Acceptable
Total 4.37 Politically
Acceptable

Table 6 presents the political acceptability of the Electric Glass Bottle

Crusher. Most respondents agree that the technology complies with safety

regulations, which obtained the highest mean of 4.46. Also, the technology is

compliant with safety regulations and is a service provider that matches the goal

or objectives and is compliant with consumer laws which obtained the same

highest mean of 4.46 and yet it is still politically accepted.it is essential to

innovate technology that able to assure the safety of consumers because based

R.A 7394, article 5, it is being stated that it shall be the duty of the state to
 29

develop and provide safety and quality standards for consumer products,

including performance or use of oriented standards, codes of practice and

methods of test.

Furthermore, the respondents found that the Electric Glass Bottle Crusher

was Politically Acceptable, which obtained a total mean of 4.37. This showed that

the technology is compliant with consumer laws, supported by government

programs, compliant with safety regulations, and a service provider that matches

the objectives and interests of the target end user and meets the regulatory

requirements and standards for its utilization.

TABLE 7. Assessment of Social Acceptability of Electric Bottle Crusher

Social Acceptability Mean Descriptive

Rating

The technology is compatible with social

practices. 4.36 Socially
Acceptable
The technology is compatible and does not
oppose traditions or cultural practices. 4.53 Very Socially
Acceptable
3. The technology can be operated by both sexes
with ease and precision. 4.2 Socially
Acceptable
4. The technology serves the need of the
majority of those whom it seeks benefits. 4.43 Socially
Acceptable
5. The technology is acceptable to all consumers.
4.26 Socially
Acceptable
Total 4.35 Socially
Acceptable

Table 7 presents the social acceptability of the Electric Glass Bottle

Crusher. Most respondents found that the technology is compatible with social
 30

practices and does not oppose traditions or cultural practices, which obtained the

highest mean of 4.53, which means that it is socially acceptable in a specific

community or society. Additionally, this technology can be operated by both

sexes with ease and precision but needs improvement as it obtained the lowest

mean of 4.2. The technology does not contradict the existing one, which it only

develops, innovates and improves to provide comfort, accurate crushing sizes of

glass bottles and safety to the consumers.

Lastly, the respondents found that the electric glass bottle crusher was

socially acceptable, with a total mean of 4.35. This primarily means that the

technology is compatible with social practices, does not oppose traditions or

cultural practices, can be operated by both sexes with ease and precision, can

serve the need of the majority of those for whom it seeks benefits, and is

acceptable to all consumers.

DOST-TAP Summary of Findings

Table 8 summary of findings in terms of DOST-TAP

Indicators Total Description
Mean
Technical Feasibility 4.43 Feasible
Economically and financially viability
4.21 Viable
Environmental Soundness Environmentally
4.26 Friendly
Political Acceptability 4.37 Politically
Acceptable
Social Acceptability 4.35 Socially
Acceptable

Table 8 presents the summary of findings in terms of DOST-TAP. The

Electric Glass Bottle Crusher is being evaluated as Technically Feasible ( 4.43),

 31

economically and Financially Viable (4.21), Environmentally Soundness (4.26),

Politically Acceptable (4.37), and Socially Acceptable (4.35).

As evaluated, it indicates that this technology has unique features and can

be protected by patents. Also, this technology can be manufactured locally

because the raw materials can be found locally. The technology was also

affordable and able to fit the user's needs. It does not also pose threats to

animals, plants and human welfare. Further, the technology was compatible with

social practices and acceptable to all consumers.

Table 9 Assessment of the effectiveness of Electric glass bottle crusher

EFFECTIVENESS MEAN DESCRIPTION
1. The design and fabrication of the project has high-
quality standard and provides durability and
sustainability. 4.1 Effective
2. The materials used in the project are appropriate
for the intended function. 4 Effective

3. The project is convenient and provides comfort to 4.5

the target user Effective
4. The project is valuable and provides stability.
4.43 Effective
5. The project is economically friendly.
4.26 Effective
6. The project is beneficial in specific settings
4.06 Effective
7. The project is affordable.
4.06 Effective
8. The project can meet the consumer demand
4.26 Effective
9. The materials that were used to fabricate the
project are locally available. 4.23 Effective
10. The materials used are inexpensive, and any
person can do the project. 4 Effective
TOTAL MEAN 4.19 Effective

Table 9 presents the functionality in terms of the Effectiveness of the

Electric Glass Bottle Crusher. Most of the respondents found that the design and
 32

fabrication of the project have high-quality standards, and the project is valuable

and provides stability which obtained the highest mean of 4.43. This primarily

described the technology as being practical. Additionally, the respondents found

that the materials used in the project are appropriate for the intended function

has accumulated a total mean of 4, which also ties in with the materials used

being inexpensive, and the project can be done by any person.

Moreover, as evaluated by the researchers, the total mean effectiveness

of the electric glass bottle crusher was 4.19, which describes that this technology

is practical; this means that the technology has high-quality standards, durability

and sustainability. The materials used to fabricate the project are appropriate for

the intended function, and is locally available, and can be made by any person.

The technology is affordable enough for consumers, and it is economically

friendly. In addition, the project is beneficial in different settings and can meet

consumer demand, especially for those who own or works in construction sites or

junkshops.

Table 10 Assessment on Performance of Electric Glass Bottle Crusher

PERFORMANCE MEAN DESCRIPTION
1. The project “ Electric Glass Bottle Crusher ” is easy
to use
4.6 Efficient
2. The project “Electric Glass Bottle Crusher” is user-
friendly. 4.2 Efficient

3. The project electric glass bottle crusher” is durable 4.46

Efficient
4. The project applies to all users
4.56 Very Efficient
5. The project is unique since it has a variety of
functions. 4.36 Efficient
6. The project also has the function of a crushing
machine that crushes bottles in their most 4.03 Efficient
minuscule particles.
 33

7. The height-adjustable feature of the project has a

simple operation 4.2 Efficient
8. The project has a long shaft inside for crushing.
3.93 Efficient
9. The project also has the function of crushing
bottles and making them small particles 4.1 Efficient
10. The project has a perfect mould drum and shaft
that could crush glass bottles 4.13 Efficient
TOTAL MEAN 4.25 Efficient

Table 10 shows the Functionality in terms of Performance of the Electric

glass bottle crusher. The majority of the respondents found that the electric glass

bottle crusher is a project that applies to all users and is efficient and able to use

easily by the consumer, which obtained the highest mean of 4.56, which

described the technology as very efficient. In addition, the project has a long

shaft inside for crushing and has received the lowest standard of 3.93.

The total mean of the Performance of the electric glass bottle crusher was

4.31, which described the technology as efficient. This means that the technology

was straightforward to use, user-friendly, durable, and applicable to specific

users, has an accurate contribution towards the product of this project, such as

manipulating the proper size, and has the primary function of crushing the glass

bottles until it is pulverized.

Table 11 Assessment on Safety of Electric Glass Bottle Crusher

SAFETY MEAN DESCRIPTION
1. The Electric Glass Bottle Crusher is appropriate
and convenient for all users.
4.3 Safe
2. The design of the project considers the safety of
the user, such as in crushing bottles accurately. 4.16 Safe

3. The project has the good quality condition and has 4.66
practical application Very Safe
4. The project is appropriately fabricated provides
 34

durability for efficient use 4.1 Safe

5. The project can be operated safely since the 4.4
operational function is straightforward Safe
6. The project provides comfort to the users/workers,
such as in most construction sites/ junk shops. 4 Safe
7. The project can support the demand of users such
as crushed bottles and pulverized them with easy 4.46 Safe
adjustment.
TOTAL MEAN 4.29 Safe

Table 11 presents the functionality in terms of the safety of the Electric

Glass Bottle Crusher. The majority of the respondents found that the technology

provides comfort to the users/workers, such as in most construction sites/ junk

shop sites, which obtained the lowest mean of 4, and the project has the good

quality condition and has a practical application, which obtained the highest

mean of 4.66. In addition, the project can support the demand of users, such as

crushing bottles and pulverizing them with easy adjustment. Moreover, the

respondents found that the technology in the design of the project considers the

safety of the user, such as in crushing bottles, accurately, has a mean of 4.16.

The total mean in terms of Safety of the electric glass bottle crusher was

4.29, which evaluated and described the technology as safe. This means that the

technology is appropriate and convenient to all users, the design considers the

safety of the user, has good quality and practical application, is adequately

fabricated, provides durability, has simple operational function, and the design is

ergonomically inspired.

Functionality Summary of Findings

 35

This section, it shows the information attained from the analysis and

interpretation to produce results based on the gathered data evaluated by the 30

respondents; 20 experts and ten faculties from the different schools and areas.

During the actual presentation, the respondents assessed the tool using an

evaluation tool for the Electric Glass Bottle Crusher.

The technology was evaluated in terms of its effectiveness, operating

performance, and safety by experts and faculties. The results reveal that the

technology is effective (4.19), operationally suitable (4.25) and safe (4.29) to use.

The researchers and operators tested and revised the device for better

improvement to give users convenient and other ways of crushing or disposing of

their glass bottles. During the initial testing of the device, it turned out that it is not

good to use a bigger motor as it is unsafe for its size. That is why the researchers

looked for a smaller engine. Also, in the initial testing, having a secured lock

during the operation is essential.

Table 12 Summary of findings in terms of functionality

Indicators Mean Description
Effectiveness 4.19 Effective
Performance 4.25 Efficient
Safety 4.29 Safe

Structure of the Project

This includes the parts, functions, interrelationship of components,

capabilities, limitations, longevity, features, and Specification.

 36

Table 13 Parts, Functions and Interrelationship of parts

Parts Function and interrelationship
Motor Gives rotary power to the mould drum.
Mould Drum It serves as a crushing container.
Belt It transfers power from one pulley to
another.
Switch It controls the flow of the electric power.
Capacitor It is a device that stores electric energy in
an electric field under accumulating
electric charge on two close surfaces
insulated from each other.
Pulley Pulleys are employed to transmit the
motion of a longer distance.
Plug To connect a device to the mains
electricity supply.
Bolt To hold materials or object together or to
position objects.
Crusher (shaft) Used to help to crush the bottles inside the
mould drum.
Two-bolt gate bearing It is used to maintain the stable rotation of
the mould drum.
Trimmer It is used to control the flow of the current
of the electric motor.

Capabilities
The Electric Glass Bottle Crusher is a great help to those people,

especially in construction sites, junkshops or even at small stores, as it helps

reduce pollution and reduces glass waste in their areas. It crushes glass bottles

and pulverized them as sand-like.

Limitations

This tool is intended only for crushing glass bottles. Other things like

plastics and cellophane aren't allowed, and this technology is only for research

purposes and not for a more extensive production.

Longevity
The longevity of the proposed product depends on how the workers,

especially in construction/junk shops, maintain the tool, which includes their way
 37

of handling or using it. Proper maintenance and safety, and control measures are

highly recommended.

Features/specification

Economical- this technology needs electric consumption since an electric motor

somewhat operates it. Also, the materials being used for this technology can be

bought with any hardware. Regarding the fabrication of this technology, anyone

with knowledge of welding works and assembling will be able to construct this

technology.

Availability of Resources

The technology was made from locally available materials, and, based on

the data presented, the parts that were used to fabricate the invention were very

affordable.

Process

The process includes the operating procedure, maintenance, safety and

control measures.

Operating Procedures

1. Prepare broken glasses to be crushed.

2. Plug the connection of the motor.

3. Open the mould drum by loosening the bolt that serves as a lock.

4. Load the broken glasses inside the mould drum.

5. Wait for 5 minutes until the glasses are crushed.

6. Unload the crushed glasses in a container.

 38

Maintenance

1. Use the technology according to its purpose.

2. Make sure that all bolts attached are always tightened.

3. Keep it indoors because it helps in prolonging its life

4. Clean the technology after use.

5. Place the technology in its proper place.

Safety and Control Measure

To ensure the effectiveness of the operation, proper safety must be

observed during the process of the electric bottle crusher. The following safety

precautions must be followed:

1. Check the technology first before using it.

2. Place the technology in a specific workplace safely.

3. Install the parts according to their function.

4. Use only this technology when crushing glass bottles.

5. Unplug the electric motor after using it.

6. Use appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) during work or while

operating this technology.

 CHAPTER 4

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

This project study on "Electric Glass Bottle Crusher" enhances

construction sites in terms of crushing and ensuring crushed glass bottles as an

output. This tool clearly shows and promotes new processes and efficiency in

meeting the desired crushed glass to be used as an aggregate.

Summary of Findings

This study aims to design and fabricate the Electric Glass Bottle Crusher

and revise the defects during the testing of this technology that leads to

determining its conformity to the Technology Assessment Protocol of DOST

through the application of TEEPS, which are the Technical Feasibility, Economic

and Financial Validity, Environmental Soundness, Political Acceptability and

Social Acceptability. Moreover, this study was able to determine also the

functionality of the Electric Glass Bottle Crusher by applying the evaluation tool

on the effectiveness, safety and performance of this technology.

This tool (electric glass bottle crusher) undertook different tests for validity,

including its technical functionality, cost-effectiveness, and safety. As

authenticated, it was then concluded that it is efficient and improves the

capabilities of the junkshop. Additionally, this tool was made up of essential parts

in terms of supplies, tools, and equipment to be used. The device was easy to

operate and had a mesmerizing appearance, and was very accurate to use in

terms of crushing bottle crushers. The tool also is easy to operate and
 40

convenient to use because it is driven by an electric motor. The technology,

which is the "Electric Glass Bottle Crusher," is composed of a molding drum, belt,

and a shaft and is operated by an electric motor. The technology is easy to

operate and convenient to use for any construction site shop.

1. During testing of this technology, the audience, experts or even teachers found

out that the capacity of an electric motor used for this technology was too strong

as it created an uncontrollable shaking effect in the crusher. That is why the

researchers changed to a smaller engine which they found more safe and

effective.

2. The evaluation of TEEPS conforms to the Technology Assessment Protocol. The

results showed that the technology was Technically Feasible, Economically and

Financially Viable, Environmentally Friendly, Politically Acceptable and Socially

Acceptable, with a total mean of 4.43, 4.21, 4.26, 4.37, and 4.35.

3. The technology was perceived by the respondents as functional, efficient and

safe, which obtained a total mean of 4.25, 4.19, and 4.29.

Conclusion
Based on the given data and results presented, the project, therefore,

concludes that:

1. The technology promotes safety and efficiency for crushing glass bottles.

2. The Electric Glass Bottle Crusher was Feasible, Viable, Environmentally

Friendly, Politically Acceptable and Socially Acceptable.

3. The design technology can facilitate crushing glass bottles and other glass

products of any size.

 41

4. The construction sites can utilize this technology as it is affordable, aesthetic in

design and functional in crushing glass bottles.

Recommendation

The researchers have developed different recommendations for further

improvement of this study. The following requests were made up based on the

results of the gathered data:

1. It was recommended to have a smaller powered motor as the technology doesn't

focus on the speed of the bottles being crushed but on the result of the

procedure.

2. Further study for the technology to be improved and innovated and can meet

users' expectations.

3. A recommendation also for an Intellectual Property Registration

4. Further research is highly recommended to compare the aesthetic of prior art to

develop more innovative designs.

 42

REFERENCES

Asplin, Et al (2003). Process and Output Model that was developed.

Gris, (2006). Every metric ton of discarded glass is recycled into new items, with
approximately 315 kilograms of carbon dioxide being discharged into the
atmosphere during contemporary glass production.

Hayes,(2021).Descriptive statistics are brief descriptive coefficients that

summarize a given data set, which can represent the entire or a sample of the
population.
Jindal, and Austin (1976), Islam and Matzen, (1988), Gotsis C (1985), Petya
(2011). This study focuses on developing a glass-crushing machine that
addresses some of the drawbacks many small-scale glass pulverizers face.
Kadafa (2012). Glass trash, on the other hand, can be recycled to make various
other materials. Many cities in developing countries, such as Nigeria, spend
20-50 percent of their environmental budget on solid waste management and
only collect 20-80 percent of the waste.
Kakahy,(2001). Nasir,(2005). Sanni, (2008). Aderemi, (2009). Nwaife, we.
(2012). Modern size reduction equipment (such as the hammer mill and
pulverizer) was created with a single purpose.
Ling and Poon (2011).Demonstrated that the use of particle size between 2.36
to 5mm or between 5 to 10 mm can significantly increase the aesthetic
value of the architectural mortar produced.
Naveenbala (2017). Glass garbage is classified as non-biodegradable solid
waste, which means it will not degrade.
Ogunro,(2018). Glass may be recycled a million times to manufacture high-
quality bottles and jars each time, thus converting trash to riches and leading to
zero waste.
Orhorhoro (2017) developed a hammer mill to break glass and agricultural solid
waste. The researchers mainly focused on optimizing machine components, with
no discussion of the output glass particles.
Ogedengbe, and Abadariki (2014). The performance of a bone-milling cum
pulverizing machine was developed.
 43

Xuan and colleagues (2012) worked on a hammer mill with a separate sieving
apparatus.

APPENDICES
 44

Appendix A
ADVISORY AGREEMENT
Republic of the Philippines
Davao Oriental State University
INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION AND TEACHER TRAINING
Guang-guang, Mati City, Davao Oriental
Date:
We, the undersigned, at this moment and formally express our commitment to
constitute the advising committee of Hanah Marie Banuelos, Oliver Jhon Andan, Rose
Jen Amelic and Jorielyn Avila with the study entitled Design and Fabrication of
Electric Glass Bottle Crusher. In their presence, complete the requirements in
Technology Research (BTLE-R118) effective immediately upon approval by concerned
authorities this semester, SY 2022-2023.
Advising Committee:
ERIC S. SARCIA, MVE.
Adviser

MARIA GLORIA LUGO, PH.D.

Chairperson

ROBEANN B. SOLATORIO, LPT GUILLERMO L. BELLO JR,

LPT Member Member

This study signed composition of the advising committee of Hanah Marie Banuelos,
Oliver John Andan, Rose Jen Amelic, and Jorielyn Avila hereby endorsed and
grouped and shall be enforced until the completion of the study unless sooner revoked or
terminated.

Endorsed: Recommended for Approval:

MARIA GLORIA LUGO, PHD ERIC S. SARCIA, MVE

Research Coordinator BSED-TLE Program Head
 45

Approved By:
GEMMA M. VALDEZ, Ph. D
IETT, DEAN
Appendix B
LETTER TO THE GRAMMARIAN
Republic of the Philippines
Davao Oriental State University
INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION AND TEACHER TRAINING
Guang-guang, Mati City, Davao Oriental

MARIA GLORIA LUGO, PHD

Chairperson
This University
May 25, 2023

Greetings of Peace!
The undersigned is conducting a study on the "Design and Fabrication of Electric
Glass Bottle Crusher" as a partial fulfillment of the requirements leading to the degree of
Bachelor of Technology and Livelihood Education major in Industrial Arts. This study
aims to solve the risk that broken glass waste might give to people and the environment.
This study will be fully realized if the presentation of content and its structural
aspects are thoroughly scrutinized and developed. It is along this line, then, that the
undersigned would like to request to be our grammar critic. Your calibre in the field of
the English language can truly help in coming up with an error-free presentation of this
study. Rest assured that meticulousness and impartiality of the things that will be pouring
into your study will be given utmost consideration.

We are very hopeful of your most favourable response in this regard.

Thank you so much, and God Bless!

Respectfully yours,
HANAH MARIE BANUELOS
OLIVER JHON ANDAN
ROSE JEN AMELIC
JORIELYN AVILA
Researchers

Noted:
ERIC S. SARCIA, MVE
 46

Research Adviser

Appendix C
Republic of the Philippines
Davao Oriental State University
INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION AND TEACHER TRAINING
Guang-guang, Mati City, Davao Oriental

CERTIFICATION

This certifies that Hanah Marie Banuelos, Oliver Jhon Andan, Rose Jen

Amelic and Jorielyn Avila, bonafide students of Bachelor of Secondary Education

major in Technology Livelihood Education, had their manuscript in undergraduate

educational Research corrected for grammatical error.

This certification is being issued upon the request of the above-mentioned

students in support of their manuscript.

MARIA GLORIA LUGO, PHD

English Critic
 47

Appendix D
LETTER TO THE ADVISER
Republic of the Philippines
Davao Oriental State University
INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION AND TEACHER TRAINING
Guang-guang, Mati City, Davao Oriental
ERIC S. SARCIA, MVE
This University
May 30, 2023

Greetings of Peace!

The undersigned is conducting a study on the “Design and Fabrication of Electric

Glass Bottle Crusher” as a partial fulfillment of the requirements leading to the degree of
Bachelor of Technology and Livelihood Education major in Industrial Arts. This study
aims to solve the risk that broken glass wastes might cause harm to people and the
environment.

This study will be fully realized if the presentation of content and its structural
aspects are thoroughly scrutinized and developed. It is along this line, then, that the
undersigned would like to request you to be our grammar critic. Your calibre in the field
of the English language can truly help in coming up with an error-free presentation of this
study. Rest assured that meticulousness and impartiality of the things that you will be
pouring into your study will be given utmost consideration.
We are very hopeful of your most favourable response in this regard.
Thank you so much, and God Bless!

Respectfully yours,

Researchers
HANAH MARIE BANUELOS
OLIVER JHON ANDAN
ROSE JEN AMELIC
JORIELYN AVILA

Noted:
ERIC S. SARCIA, MVE
 48

Research Adviser
Date: May 30, 2023

Appendix E
LETTER TO THE STATISTICIAN
Republic of the Philippines
Davao Oriental State University
INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION AND TEACHER TRAINING
Guang-guang, Mati City, Davao Oriental
Name: RANDY MANDABON
Instructor-DORSU
This University
April 25, 2023

Greetings of Peace!

The undersigned is conducting a study on the “Electric Glass Bottle Crusher” as a partial
fulfillment of the requirements leading to the degree of Bachelor of Technology and
Livelihood Education major in Industrial Arts. This study aims to solve the risk that
broken glass wastes might cause harm to people and the environment.
This study will be fully realized if the presentation of content and its structural
aspects are thoroughly scrutinized and developed. It is along this line, then, that the
undersigned would like to request you to be our statistician. Your calibre in the field of
mathematics can truly help in coming up with an error-free presentation of this study.
Rest assured that meticulousness and impartiality of the things that you will be pouring
into your study will be given utmost consideration.

We are very hopeful of your most favourable response in this regard.

Thank you so much, and God Bless!

Respectfully yours,
HANAH MARIE BANUELOS
OLIVER JHON ANDAN
ROSE JEN AMELIC
JORIELYN AVILA
Researchers

Noted:
ERIC S. SARCIA, MVE
Research Adviser
Date: May 30, 2023
 49

Appendix F
Republic of the Philippines
Davao Oriental State University
INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION AND TEACHER TRAINING
Guang-guang, Mati City, Davao Oriental

CERTIFICATION

This certifies that Hanah Marie Banuelos, Oliver Jhon Andan, Rose Jen

Amelic and Jorielyn Avila., bonafide students of Bachelor of Technology and

Livelihood Education major in Industrial Arts, had their manuscript in Undergraduate

educational Research corrected for grammatical error.

This certification is being issued upon the request of the above-mentioned

students in support of their manuscript.

RANDY MANDABON
STATISTICIAN
 50

Appendix G
Republic of the Philippines
Davao Oriental State University
INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION AND TEACHER TRAINING
Guang-guang, Mati City, Davao Oriental

APPLICATION FOR ORAL DEFENSE

ERIC S. SARCIA, MVE.

Chairman of the Panel

The undersigned undergraduate student (s) wishes to schedule their final defence on May
30, Thursday, 02:00 PM, in the caregiving room.

With this, they are asking for your availability and concurrence on the said schedule.

Thank you, and God Bless!

Truly yours,

HANAH MARIE BANUELOS

OLIVER JHON ANDAN
ROSE JEN AMELIC
JORIELYN AVILA
Researchers

Noted by:
ERIC S. SARCIA
Research Adviser

Date: May 30, 2023

 51

Appendix H
Republic of the Philippines
Davao Oriental State University
INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION AND TEACHER TRAINING
Guang-guang, Mati City, Davao Oriental

APPLICATION FOR ORAL DEFENSE

MARIA GLORIA R. LUGO, PHD

Chairperson
The undersigned undergraduate student (s) wishes to schedule their final defence on May
30, Thursday, 02:00 PM, in the caregiving room.

With this, they are asking for your availability and concurrence on the said schedule.

Thank you, and God Bless!

Truly yours,

HANAH MARIE BANUELOS

OLIVER JHON ANDAN
ROSE JEN AMELIC
JORIELYN AVILA
Researchers

Noted by:
ERIC S. SARCIA
Research Adviser

Date: May 30, 2023

 52

Appendix I
Republic of the Philippines
Davao Oriental State University
INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION AND TEACHER TRAINING
Guang-guang, Mati City, Davao Oriental

APPLICATION FOR ORAL DEFENSE

ESTER L. HERAWON, LPT

Member of the panel

The undersigned undergraduate student (s) wishes to schedule their final defence on May
30, Thursday, at 02:00 PM in the caregiving room.

With this, they are asking for your availability and concurrence on the said schedule.

Thank you, and God Bless!

Truly yours,

HANAH MARIE BANUELOS

OLIVER JHON ANDAN
ROSE JEN AMELIC
JORIELYN AVILA
Researchers

Noted by:
ERIC S. SARCIA
Research Adviser

Date: May 30, 2023

 53

Appendix J
Republic of the Philippines
Davao Oriental State University
INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION AND TEACHER TRAINING
Guang-guang, Mati City, Davao Oriental

APPLICATION FOR ORAL DEFENSE

ROBEANN B. SOLATORIO, LPT

Member of the panel

The undersigned undergraduate student (s) wishes to schedule their final defence on May
30, Thursday, 02:00 PM, in the caregiving room.

With this, they are asking for your availability and concurrence on the said schedule.

Thank you, and God Bless!

Truly yours,

HANAH MARIE BANUELOS

OLIVER JHON ANDAN
ROSE JEN AMELIC
JORIELYN AVILA
Researchers

Noted by:
ERIC S. SARCIA
Research Adviser

Date: May 30, 2023

 54

Appendix K
Republic of the Philippines
Davao Oriental State University
INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION AND TEACHER TRAINING
Guang-guang, Mati City, Davao Oriental

APPLICATION FOR ORAL DEFENSE

DONNA FAYE T. LABARAN, LPT

Member of the panel

The undersigned undergraduate student (s) wishes to schedule their final defence on May
30, Thursday, 02:00 PM, in the caregiving room.

With this, they are asking for your availability and concurrence on the said schedule.

Thank you, and God Bless!

Truly yours,

HANAH MARIE BANUELOS

OLIVER JHON ANDAN
ROSE JEN AMELIC
JORIELYN AVILA
Researchers

Noted by:
ERIC S. SARCIA
Research Adviser

Date: May 30, 2023

 55

Appendix L
LETTER TO THE RESPONDENTS
Republic of the Philippines
Davao Oriental State University
INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION AND TEACHER TRAINING
Guang-guang, Mati City, Davao Oriental
EVALUATION ASSESSMENT ON ELECTRIC GLASS BOTTLE CRUSHER

Dear Respondents,

We, the researchers of Bachelor of Technology and Livelihood Education Major

in Industrial Arts students, are conducting a study about ELECTRIC GLASS BOTTLE
CRUSHER. The reason why we conduct this survey is that we want to know your
opinion or responses about our study in terms of Technical Feasibility, Economical and
Financial Viability, Environmental Soundness, Political Acceptability, and Social
Acceptability. Also, we include the Effectiveness, Performance, and safety of the
Technology. Please help us by answering the instrument attached sincerely and truthfully.
There are no correct or incorrect responses as this study is merely interested in your
personal point of view. Rest assured that all information ratings will be kept confidential.

Thank you very much

Truly yours,

HANAH MARIE BANUELOS

OLIVER JHON ANDAN
ROSE JEN AMELIC
JORIELYN AVILA

Researchers

Noted by:
 56

ERIC S. SARCIA
Research Adviser

APPENDIX M
Republic of the Philippines
Davao Oriental State University
INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION AND TEACHER TRAINING
Guang-guang, Mati City, Davao Oriental
EVALUATION

Name: (Optional) Age:

Address: Gender:

Occupation:

Directions: Kindly rate this project in terms of its Technical Feasibility, Economic
and Financial Viability, Environmental Soundness, Political
Acceptability, and Social Acceptability. Additionally, rate this technology
according to its functionality, Effectiveness, Performance and Safety. Listed
below is the description of the evaluation scale.

Numerical Value Description Value

5 Strongly Agree
4 Agree
3 Neutral
2 Disagree
1 Strongly Disagree
 57

Technology Assessment

Technical Feasibility 5 4 3 2 1

1. The technology can be protected by patents

2. The technology has unique features/improvements

over existing /parallel technologies.

3. The technology has been tested for safety.

4. The technology’s raw materials are available locally.

5. The technology has local capability to be in research

and development.
6. Has been conducted for different forms of the
technology.

Economic and Financial Viability 5 4 3 2 1

1. The technology is perceived to be an alternative

product/ substitute.

2. The technology is considered to be acceptable

by investors and potential operators.
3. The technology does not require complex
cleaning, repair and maintenance.
4. The materials are cheap.
5. The quality and value of the technology.
6. The machine is economically friendly.
7. The tool can be able to meet the consumer
demand with minimal cost.
8. The tool provides satisfaction to consumers in
terms of cost and durability.

Environmental Soundness 5 4 3 2 1
 58

1. The technology does not pose threats to the

environment.
2. The technology does not pose hazardous effects
to plants, animals and human welfare.
3. The technology poses no harmful threats to
direct and indirect workers in the process.
4. The technology does not produce negative
impacts on noise in the vicinity.
5. The technology does not produce alarming
chemical content to the environment
6. The technology produces wastes that are
manageable and can be mitigated.

Political Acceptability 5 4 3 2 1

1. The technology is compliant with consumer

laws.
2. The technology is compliant with labour
standards.
3. The technology is compliant with safety
regulations.
4. The technology is a service provider that
matches the objectives and interests of the
target end user.
5. The technology meets the regulatory
requirements and standards for its utilization.

Social Acceptability 5 4 3 2 1

1. The technology is compatible with social

practices.
2. The technology is compatible and does not
oppose traditions or cultural practices.
3. The technology can be operated by both sexes
with ease and precision.
4. The technology serves the need of the majority
of those whom it seeks benefits.
5. The technology is acceptable to all consumers.

EFFECTIVENESS 5 4 3 2 1
 59

1. The design and fabrication of the project has

high quality standard and provides durability and
sustainability
2. The materials used in the project are appropriate
for the intended function.
3. The project is convenient and provides comfort
to the target user.
4. The project is economically friendly.
5. The project is economically friendly.
6. The project is very useful in certain settings
7. The project has a reasonable price.
8. The project can meet the consumer demand
9. The materials that were used to fabricate the
project are locally available
10. The materials used are inexpensive, and the
project can be made by any person

PERFORMANCE 5 4 3 2 1

1. The project “Electric Glass Bottle Crusher” is

easy to use
2. The project “Electric Glass Bottle Crusher” is
user-friendly.
3. The project “Electric Glass Bottle Crusher” is
durable
4. The project is applicable to all users
5. The project is unique since it has a variety of
function
6. This project also has the function of crushing
bottles and making them small particles
7. The height-adjustable feature of the project has
a simple operation
8. The project has an adjustable shaft for crushing
9. The project also has the function of crushing
bottles and making them small particles
10. The project has a perfect mould drum and shaft
that could crush glass bottles/waste

SAFETY 5 4 3 2 1
 60

1. The Electric glass bottle crusher is appropriate and

convenient to all users
2. The design of the project considers the safety of the
users, such as in crushing bottles accurately
3. The project has good quality condition and has
practical application
4. The project is properly fabricated that provides
durability for efficient use
5. The project can be operated safely since the
operational function is very easy
6. The project provides comfort to the users/workers,
such as in most construction sites/junk shops
7. The project can support the demand of users such as
crushed bottles and pulverized them with easy
adjustments
 61

CURRICULUM

VITAE

HANAH MARIE BANUELOS

Sittio Pitogo, Brgy. Bobon, City of Mati, Davao Oriental
 62

+63-967-971-2297
hanahmariebanuelos@gmail.com

_______________________________________________________________

PERSONAL INFORMATION

Age: 22 years old

Birthday: September 19, 2000

Birthplace: Kisulan, Davao del Sur

Civil Status: Single

Citizenship: Filipino

Religion: Roman Catholic

Language: Bisaya, Filipino, English

Father’s Name: Wilson P. Pasague

Mother’s Name: Marites R. Pasague

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

TERTIARY

Bachelor of Technology and Livelihood Education Major in Industrial Arts

Davao Oriental State University-Main Campus (DORSU – MC)
Dahican, Mati City
2019- Present

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Don Bosco Training Center-Mati Inc.

Galzon St. Don Bosco Compound, Dahican, Mati City
2017-2019

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Dona Rosa Garcia Rabat Memorial National High School (DRGRMNHS)

Purok 30, Brgy. Dahican, Mati City
June 2013-April 2017
 63

ELEMENTARY

Rabat Rocamora Mati Central Elementary School II (RRMCES-II)

Brgy. Central, City of Mati
June 2009-March 2013

SEMINARS/TRAINING ATTENDED

FIRE PREVENTION & DRUGS ORIENTATION SEMINAR

Don Bosco Training Center-Mati Inc.
March 2023

BASIC LEADERSHIP SKILLS TRAINING

Don Bosco Training Center-Mati Inc.
Dahican, Mati City
April 10 –30, 2017

COMMUNICATION TRAINING SEMINAR

Theme: “The Surge: Communication in New Normal”
November 8, 2022

SOCIAL MEDIA FOR EDUCATION SEMINAR

Theme: “Social Media as a Tool for New Normal Education”
December 12, 2022

EDUCATIVE TRAINING FOR UTILIZING TECHNOLOGY (INSET SERIES

2022)
Theme: “Universal Design for Education: Utilizing Technology for Education for
All”
July 20, 2022

QUALIFICATIONS/SKILLS

Computer-related Skills:
 Microsoft Word (Encoding)
 Microsoft PowerPoint (Presentations Making)
 Microsoft Excel (Computing Grades)
 Email (Sending and Receiving files

Personality-related Skills:
 64

 trustworthy in all aspect

 independent and self-sufficient in handling the task
 compassionate in any work given
 self-motivation, initiative with a high level of energy
 stress and time management ability
 good communication skills

CHARACTER REFERENCE

ERIC SARCIA
Adviser, Bachelor of Technology in Livelihood Education -IA
Davao Oriental State University-Main Campus

MARIA GLORIA LUGO

Program Head, BTLED IA-HE
Davao Oriental State University-Main Campus

GEMA VALDEZ
Dean, Faculty of Teachers Education
Davao Oriental State University-Main Campus

ROSEJEN L. AMELIC
Lower Kapayas, Matiao Mati City
+63-95527 71 941
rosejenamelic10@gmail.com
 65

PERSONAL DATA

Age : 22
Birth Date : October 26, 2000
Birth Place : Mercedes, Caraga Davao Oriental
Civil Status : Single
Citizenship : Filipino
Religion : Roman Catholic
Language : English, Tagalog, Mandaya
Fathers’ Name : Henry A. Amelic
Mothers’ Name : Ermelinda L. Lemente

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

TERTIARY

Bachelor of Technology and Livelihood Education

Major in Industrial Arts
Davao Oriental State University-Main Campus (Dorsu)
Guang –Guang, Dahican, 8200 City of Mati Davao Oriental
August 2021 – June 2022

SECONDARY

Caraga National High School (CNHS)

Poblacion, Caraga Davao Oriental
June 2017 – March 2018

ELEMENTARY

Mercedes Elementary School

Brgy. Mercedes Caraga Davao Oriental
June 2012– March 2013
3rd Honorable Mention

QUALIFICATIONS/SKILLS

Computer-related Skills:
 Microsoft Word (Encoding)
 Microsoft PowerPoint (Presentations Making)
 Microsoft Excel (Computing Grades)
 Email (Sending and Receiving files)
 66

Teaching-related Skills:
 Lesson plan and instructional material making
 Can handle diverse learners
 Strong knowledge of utilizing all the modern technology aids

Personality-related Skills:
 self-motivation, initiative with a high level of energy
 time management ability
 Collaboration
 Self - motivation

CHARACTER REFERENCE

Wilma L Lemente
Principal I
+63 – 956 -545 -6785

Rhealyn Joy B. Hisola

Master Teacher I
+63- 906-966-7844

JORIELYN AVILA
+63-936-329TTo-0500
Jorielynavila18@gmail.com

PERSONAL INFORMATION
 67

Age: 23
Birthday: March 18, 2000
Birthplace: Upper Capayas, Matiao Mati City
Civil Status: Single
Citizenship: Filipino
Religion: Roman Catholic
Language: Bisaya, Tagalog and English

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
TERTIARY
Bachelor of Technology and Livelihood Education
Major in Industrial Art (BTLE-IA-4B)
Davao Oriental State University-Main Campus (DORSU)
Guang-Guang, Dahican, City Of Mati Davao Oriental
2022-2023

SECONDARY
Technical Vocational Livelihood Track in Home Economic Strand (FBS, BREAD
AND PASTRY, COSME)
Mati School of Arts and Trades (MSAT)
Garcia Avenue. Brgy. Sainz, Mati City, Davao Oriental
2018-2019

ELEMENTARY
Fausta Salazar Como Memorial School (FSCMS)
Tua-Tua Brgy. Matiao Mati City Davao Oriental
2011-2012
 68

SEMINARS/TRAINING ATTENDED
Mati School of Arts and Trades
Garcia Avenue, Brgy. Sainz, Mati City, Davao Oriental
Mountaineers Biodiversity and Ecotourism
February 15, 2019

WORKING EXPERIENCE
Mati School of Arts and Trades
Garcia Avenue, Brgy. Sainz Mati City, Davao Oriental
Pre-Service Teacher
December 15, 2022

Matiao National High School

Barangay Matiao, Mati City Davao Oriental
Pre-Service Teacher
May 17, 2023

QUALIFICATIONS/SKILLS
Technical Educational and Skills Development Authority
Beauty Care Services (Nail Care) NC II
February 20, 2017

Maritime Technical School of Davao Oriental

2nd Floor MEFCO, Bldg. Don Martin, Marundan, Mati City
Food and Beverage Services (FBS) NC II
September 6, 2018
 69

Mati School of Arts and Trades

Food and Beverage Services (FBS) NC II
August 23, 2018

CHARACTER REFERENCE
JANICE F. BARBA
09453845678
Mati School of Arts and Trades
Teacher I
JUAN VILLANUEVA
09367896870
Mati School of Arts and Trades

Head Teacher II

OLIVER JHON S. ANDAN

Purok 13 Atis, Muñoz, Mayo, Mati City, Davao Oriental
+63-953-411-2952
andan.oliver@gmail.com

________________________________________________________________

PERSONAL INFORMATION

Age: 21 years old

Birthday: October 30, 2001

 70

Birthplace : DOPH

Civil Status: Single

Citizenship: Filipino

Religion: Islam

Language: Kagan, Bisaya, Filipino, English

Father’s Name: Oliver R. Andan

Mother’s Name: Jenelyn S. Andan

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

TERTIARY

Bachelor of Technology and Livelihood Education (BTLE) Major in Industrial Arts

Davao Oriental State University – Main Campus (DORSU)
Brgy. Dahican, Guang-Guang, Mati City, Davao Oriental
June 28, 2023

SECONDARY

Don Bosco Training Center Mati (DBTC-Mati)

Dahican Compound, Mati City,Davao Oriental
March 2019

ELEMENTARY

Mati Central Elementary School- 1 (RRMCES-1)

Barangay Sainz, Mati City Davao Oriental
March 2013

WORKING EXPERIENCE

MATI NATIONAL COMPREHENSIVE HIGH SCHOOL

Brgy. Sainz, Mati City, Davao Oriental
Pre-Service Teacher
February 27 - May 15, 2023

QUALIFICATIONS/SKILLS
 71

Computer-related Skills:

 Microsoft Word (Encoding)

 Editing Video
 Email (Sending and Receiving files)
 Computing Grades using Microsoft Excel
 Presentations Making using Microsoft PowerPoint

Arts-related-Skills:
6. Proficient in drawing (AutoCAD),Architectural and Structural Drawing.

Teaching-related Skills:
 Manage classroom environment
 Lesson plan and instructional material making
 Utilizing technology tools that are accessible to support learning.
Personality-related Skills:
 able to complete the activity on their own and independently
 compassionate in all tasks undertaken
 stress and time management ability
 dependable

AFFILIATIONS

Red Cross Youth (RCY)

Member
Davao Oriental State University Council
A.Y. (2022 – 2023)

RED CROSS VOLUNTEER FIRST AIDER

Member
Davao Oriental State University Council

CHARACTER REFERENCE

ERIC S. SARCIA
Program Head, BTLE-IA
Davao Oriental State University-Main Campus
090-723-73171 (TNT)
 72

Ginalyn B. Misajon
ST Internship Coordinator
Mati National Comprehensive High School
0993-976-2313

Fr. Rex M. Caballero

Rector
Dahican Compond, Mati City, Davao Oriental
0906-789-0834 (TM)