TOPIC 2: GRAPHICAL DESCRIPTIVE METHOD

Categorical Data

At the end of this lesson, student shall be able to draw a bar chart, a multiple bar chart, and a pie
chart.

Example 1

Draw a bar chart for a survey of 145 people about the nicest fruit.

Fruit Apple Orange Banana Kiwi Blueberry Grapes

No. of people 35 30 10 25 40 5

Solution

On graph paper

Checked your Bar chart

1. Label x-axis and y-axis
2. Put the chart title

Example 2

Draw a bar chart representing students’ excuses for being late to class.

Excuses
I forgot to set my alarm I thought it was Sunday I got stuck in traffic
Class
A 45 25 65
B 60 30 75
C 50 25 50

Solution

On graph paper

Checked your Bar chart

1. Label x-axis and y-axis
2. Put the chart title
3. Make sure legend is shown

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Example 3

Draw a pie chart of students according to their favorite type of movie.

Comedy Action Romance Drama Sci-Fi

4 5 6 1 4

Solution

On graph paper

Checked your Pie chart

1. Label the category name and its percentage
2. Put the chart title

Quantitative Data

At the end of this lesson, student shall be able to construct a frequency polygon, a “less than or equal”
ogive and a histogram.

Frequency Polygon & “Less than or Equal” Ogive

Example 4

The table below shows the distribution of carried marks of 30 students at a college.

Carried marks 2–9 10 – 17 18 – 25 26 – 33 34 – 41 42 – 49

No. of students 7 4 9 6 2 2

Draw a frequency polygon and an ogive of carried marks for Statistics.

Solution

On graph paper

Checked your Frequency Polygon

1. Label x-axis and y-axis
2. Put the chart title

Checked your “Less than or equal” Ogive

1. Label x-axis and y-axis
2. Put the chart title

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Histogram

Find class boundaries

Check class width

Class widths are equal Class widths are not equal

Draw histogram Calculate frequency density

Draw histogram

Remark
X – axis = class boundaries
Y – axis = frequency or frequency density




  
  

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Example 5

The table below shows the distribution of carried marks of 30 students at a college.

Carried marks 2–9 10 – 17 18 – 25 26 – 33 34 – 41 42 – 49

No. of students 7 4 9 6 2 2

Draw a histogram of carried marks for Statistics.

Solution

On graph paper

Checked your Frequency Polygon

1. Label x-axis and y-axis
2. Put the chart title

Example 6

The table below shows the distribution of time allocated (in minutes) by 20 students for online
participation.

Time Allocation 30 - 50 50 - 90 90 - 120 120 - 140 140 - 180 180 - 200

Number of
5 2 3 6 3 1
Students

Draw a histogram of time allocation for online participation.

Solution

On graph paper

Checked your Frequency Polygon

1. Label x-axis and y-axis
2. Put the chart title