Human Physiology

ENDOCRINE AND REPRODUCTION

IJ') 1. Average weight of the pituitary gland is: 11. In an extreme case of diabetes insipidus, maximum output
C:
·-0
a. 0.1 gm b. 0.5 gm of urine may be as high as:
c. 1 gm d. 5 gm a. 20 litres b. 40 litres
e. 10 gm c. 60 litres d. 120 litres
IJ')
Q) 2. Anterior lobe of pituitary gland consists of: e. 170 litres

a
::::, a. Pars distalis and pars tuberalis 12. Human thyroid gland stores:
b. Pars distalis and pars nervosa a. 0.5 mgm of iodine per gram of the dry gland
c. Processus infundibuli and median eminence b. 2 mgm of iodine per gram of the dry gland
Q)
·-u d.
e.
Pars nervosa and tuber cinereum
None of these
c.
d.
5-8 mgm of iodine per gram of the dry gland
10 mgm of iodine per gram of the dry gland
0
.c 3. Pars distalis forms about: e. No iodine at all

u a. 15% of the hypophysis b. 25% of the hypophysis

c. 45% of the hypophysis d. 55% of the hypophysis
13. The thyroid gland contains about:
a. 1% of the total iodine content of the body
Q) e. 75% of the hypophysis b. 5% of the total iodine content of the body
Q.. 4. Hypothalamic releasing factors (RF) which control the c. 10% of the total iodine content of the body
secretory function of the anterior pituitary reach the d. 20% of the total iodine content of the body
anterior pituitary via: e. 95% of the total iodine content of the body
a. CSF
b. Internal carotid artery 14. Propylthiouracil is an antithyroid compound and its
mechanism of action:
c. Hypothalamico-hypophyseal portal system
d. Circle of Willis a. Interferes in iodination of tyrosine
e. Cavernous sinus b. Inhibits concentration of iodide within the gland
c. Prevents absorption of iodine from intestine
5. Atrophy of the anterior pituitary in infants and children
d. Forms of progoitrin and goitrin
produces:
e. Decreases vascularity of the gland
a. Dwarfism b. Gigantism
c. Acromegaly d. Mongolism 15. Secretion of parathonnone is controlled by:
e. All of the above a. Anterior pituitary b. Posterior pituitary
6. Which of the following inhibits growth hormone c. Hypothalamus d. Blood calcium level
secretion from the anterior pituitary: e. All of them
a. Insulin b. ACTH 16. Which of the following stimulates insulin secretion?
c. Thyroxine d. Oestrogen a. GH (STH) b. Vagal stimulation
e. None of the above c. Cyclic 3', 5'-AMP d. All of them
7. Of the following which has got both activating and e. None of them
inhibiting effects on ACTH secretion: 17. Which of the following inhibits insulin secretion?
a. Hippocampus a. Epinephrine b. Vasopressin
b. Amygdala c. Glucagon d. Glucocorticoids
c. Midbrain e. All of them
d. Peripheral nerves and spinal cord
e. Cerebral cortex 18. Glucagon secretion is inhibited by:
a. Hypoglycaemia b. Hyperglycaemia
8. Of the following which is secreted by the acidophil cells
c. Muscular exercise d. Pancreozymin
of the anterior pituitary:
e. Protein meals
a. HGH b. TSH
c. ACTH d. FSH 19. Which of the following diminishes blood sugar level?
e. ICSH a. Glucocorticoids
9. Vasopressin is synthesised in: b. ACTH
a. Posterior pituitary b. Anterior pituitary c. Thyroxine
c. Hypothalamic nuclei d. Cerebral cortex d. Stimulation of right vagus
e. Medulla oblongata e. Sympathetic stimulation
10. ADH stimulates reabsorption of water by: 20. Features of hypoglycaemia include:
a. Bowman's capsule a. Tremors
b. Proximal convoluted tubule b. Flushing, palor and perspiration
c. Loop of Henle c. Delirium, coma and convulsion
d. Distal convoluted tubule d. Loss of deep reflexes
e. None of these e. All of them

1064
 Multiple Choice Questions
From the following direction given below, select answers for
questions 21-39:
a. If statements (i), (ii) and (iii) are correct
b. If statements (i) and (iii) are correct
c. If statements (ii) and (iv) are correct
d. If the statement (iv) is only correct
21. Developmentally the pituitary gland has two parts­
adenohypophysis and neurohypophysis:
i. Adenohypophysis consists of pars distalis, pars
intermedia and pars tuberalis
ii. Adenohypophysis develops from primitive buccal
cavity
iii. Neurohypophysis develops from the floor of the III
ventricle
iv. The stalk of the Rathke's pouch persists in adult life
and forms the pituitary stalk
22. Administration of growth hormone:
i. Increases protein synthesis
ii. Increases amino acid content of plasma
iii. Increasesplasmalevel ofNEFA(non-€Sterifiedfatty acids)
iv. Produces hypoglycaemia
23. After hypophysectomy:
i. Thyroid takes up more inorganic iodide from the
plasma
ii. Increases the vascularity of the thyroid gland
iii. Increases the thyroid acinar cell height
iv. Acini contain larger amount of colloid
24. ACTH is secreted by the basophil cells of the anterior
pituitary:
i. It is glycoprotein in nature
ii. It has been isolated in a- and �-forms
iii. It is destroyed at a temperature of 60 °C
iv. It controls the growth of adrenal cortex
25. Administration of ACTH produces:
i. Increased excretion of potassium
ii. Retention of sodium
iii. Elevation of blood sugar
iv. Increase in circulatory eosinophils
26. Degeneration of anterior pituitary is characterized by:
i. Sterility
ii. Extreme weakness
iii. Hypoglycaemia
iv. Increased urinary excretion of 17-ketosteroids
27. Melanocyte-stimulating hormone:
i. It is same as melatonin
ii. It is secreted by pars tuberalis of anterior pituitary
iii. Hydrocortisone (cortisol F) stimulates secretion of MSH
iv. Epinephrine and norepinephrine inhibit the action of
MSH
28. Oxytocin shares some of the activities of ADH and thus
it is:
i. Minimally antidiuretic
ii. Causes contraction of uterus
iii. Causes contraction of smooth muscles of mammary
glands
iv. Increases vasoconstriction and peripheral resistance
29. Iodine remains in blood in two forms-inorganic iodine
and protein-bound iodine:
i. Normal level of inorganic iodide in blood varies
between 0.5 mg and 1 mg/100 ml
ii. Normal level of PBI is 5 to 8 µg/100 ml
iii. In hyperthyroidism PBI level diminishes and may
become as low as 0.5 µg/100 ml
iv. This iodine (PBI) may be precipitated out
30. Normal adult thyroid gland secretes about 1 mg of
thyroxine per day:
i. Each mg of thyroxine raises the BMR to about 1000
calories
ii. Thyroxine increases oxygen consumption of the brain
tissue
iii. Thyroxine promotes gluconeogenesis
iv. Thyroxine cannot accelerate the rate of a denervated
heart
31. Thyroid gland concentrates iodide:
i. This is an active process
ii. Uptake of iodide by the gland is inhibited by TSH
iii. Uptake of iodide is also inhibited by cyanide
iv. The iodide directly combines with tyrosine without
being oxidized
32. Thyroclacitonin lowers plasma calcium and phosphate:
i. It is secreted by the parathyroid glands
ii. It is detected in blood when blood calcium level is
above normal
iii. Secretion of thyrocalcitonin is under control of
pituitary hormones
iv. Hypocalcaemic action of the hormone is due to
inhibition of bone resorption and calcium release
33. In a case of manifest tetany in man:
i. There is an increased neuromuscular irritability
ii. Urinary excretion of calcium and phosphorus is reduced
iii. Carpopedal spasm, Chvostek's signs and Erb's sign
may be elicited
iv. Lowering of total calcium is more important than
lowered ionic calcium in its causation
34. Active principal of parathyroid is parathormone:
i. Parathormone remains stored in the parathyroid gland
ii. It increases rate of bone resorption with consequent
mobilization of calcium and phosphate
iii. It increases reabsorption of phosphate and inhibits
reabsorption of calcium by renal tubules
iv. The action of PTH on bone and kidneys is stimulated
by adenyl cyclase
35. Calcium constitutes about 2% of total body weight:
i. Absorption of calcium mainly takes place in the
terminal part of ileum and caecum
ii. Organic calcium is better absorbed than inorganic
calcium
iii. High phosphorus-containing foods help calcium
absorption
iv. Vitamin Dis essential for calcium absorption in man
36. Phosphorus is present in all tissues of the body:
i. Calcium/inorganic phosphorus ratio in blood on the
average 2: 1
 Human Physiology
ii. Anything that raises serum calcium level also raises 49. Hypophysectomy accelerates the growth of the gonads,
phosphate level proportionally because hypophysectomy controls gonads D
iii. Acidity and bile salts favour phosphate absorption 50. Lactation does not occur during pregnancy, because
IJ)
iv. Vitamin D stimulates phosphate transport and fatty placental gonadotrophins inhibit prolactin secretion A
C:
·-0 acids in food diminish phosphate absorption
37. The chemical structure of insulin:
51. ADH reduces chloride loss in urine, because it increases
chloride absorption. D
IJ) i. Is such that it is effective when taken by mouth 52. In man, oxytocin acts on uterus in late pregnancy,
Q)

a
::::, ii. Is three chains of amino acids linked by disulphide bonds C because high proportion of oestrogen during this period
iii. Is same as proinsulin makes the uterine muscles more sensitive to oxytocin.
iv. Is rich in cysteine, leucine and glutamic acid 53. A high acidity favours calcium absorption, because the
Q) calcium salts become soluble in acid medium. D
·-u
38. Insulin is synthesized by the ribosomes of J3-cells of the
islets of Langerhans as J3-granules: 54. Alkalaemia may produce symptoms of hypocalcaemia,
0 because alkalaemia decreases total serum calcium. B
.c
i. These 13-granules remain enclosed within a membranous

u sac
ii. These 13-granules are liberated into the extracellular
space of the islets of Langerhans by a process known
55. Normal pancreatic tissue is rich in Zn, because insulin
remains stored in it as a Zn salt. A
56. In advanced diabetes RQ is about 0.7, because in absence
Q)
as emiocytosis of insulin in this condition mostly fats are burnt. A
Q.. iii. This process requires the help of calcium ion 57. Hypoglycaemia affects the nerve cells last, because nerve
iv. The insulin thus released from the J3-cells reached the cells do not use sugar as the source of energy. D
blood flow and tissues as zinc-insulin
For the following questions 58 to 75 a statement is followed
39. Glucagon is secreted by a-cells of the islets of Langerhans: by four possible answers. Answers by using the key outlined
i. It is polypeptide in nature below:
ii. It has been synthesized in laboratory a. If only (i), (ii) and (iii) are correct
iii. It is also present in the mucosa of stomach and duodenum b. If only (i) and (iii) are correct
iv. Its mode of action is unknown c. If only (ii) and (iv) are correct
For the numbered items on the left-hand column, choose a correct d. If only (iv) is correct
lettered item from the right-hand column that best applies: e. If all (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv) are correct
40. Steroid feedback mechanism D 58. Adrenal gland:
a. Blood level of ACTH contents the endogenous i. Adrenal gland in foetus and in neonates are
secretion of ACTH proportionally larger than in the adult
41. Short feedback mechanism A ii. Foetal adrenal cortex consists of provisional and
b. Responsible for lactation in the post-partum women permanent cortex which are functionally and
structurally the same
42. LH C iii. One of the major functions of foetal adrenal is to
c. Controls the activity and growth of gonads secrete sulphate conjugates of androgens, which
43. LTH B become converted into active androgens and oestrogens
d. Blood level of steroid corticoids controls the secretion in the placenta
of ACTH iv. Adrenal cortex is ectodermal in origin
44. Chvostek's sign E 59. Adrenal gland:
e. Tapping of the facial nerve near the styloid process i. Accessory adrenal cortical tissues are more abundant
causes facial spasm than accessory medullary tissues in man
ii. The blood vessels of adrenal gland enters it though
45. Erb's sign F the surface
f. Increased excitability of motor nerves to galvanic current
iii. The nerve fibres enter the gland through the hilus
46. a-cells of pancreas H and control both the medulla and the cortex
g. Secrete somatostatin iv. The nerve fibres of the adrenal glands are medullated
47. J3-cells of pancreas I and are entirely preganglionic
h. Secrete glucagon 60. Adrenal cortex:
48. 6-cells of pancreas G i. Histologically adrenal cortex consists of three well­
i. Secrete insulin defined layers-zona fasciculata, zona glomerulosa
and zona reticularis from inside outwards
From the following directions given below, select answers for ii. Zona glomerulosa secretes mainly aldosterone, and
questions 49-57: small amount of glucocorticoids and sex hormones
a. If the statement is correct and the reason is also correct iii. Zona reticularis secretes mainly sex hormones and a
b. If the statement is correct but the reason is wrong small amount of aldosterone but no glucocorticoids
c. If the statement is wrong but the reason is correct iv. Zona fasciculata is the widest layer, rich in ascorbic
d. If both the statement and the reason are incorrect acid and cholesterol, and secretes glucocorticoids
 Multiple Choice Questions
61. Adrenal steroid:
i. Biosynthesis of adrenal steroids takes place in the
mitochondria
ii. Cyclic AMP is necessary for biosynthesis of steroid
hormones
iii. ACTH is involved in steroidogenesis
iv. NADPH acts as coenzyme for hydroxylation reaction
in different steps
62. Adrenal steroid:
i. Normally adrenal steroid hormones circulate in free
and bound forms
ii. Major parts of the steroid hormones remain free in
circulation
iii. a-globulins bind glucocorticoids and �-globulins bind
sex hormones
iv. The bound hormone is essentially the active form
63. Cortisol has many functions in the body:
i. It favours protein synthesis
ii. It helps absorption of calcium from the gut
iii. It enhances formation of antibodies
iv. It reduces blood without affecting the marrow
eosinophil count
64. Hormones of the adrenal medulla are called catecholami­
nes:
i. Catecholamines are formed from the amino acid
phenylalanine
ii. Catecholamines are released from the adrenal
medulla by a process known as exocytosis
iii. Catecholamine responses are mentioned by
intracellular level of cyclic AMP
iv. Catecholamines are metabolised by enzyme mono­
amino-oxidase (MAO) and catechol-0-methyl
transferase (COMT)
65. Epinephrine differs from norepinephrine in that it
i. Causes tachycardia
ii. Dilates some vessels, e.g. coronary vessel and skeletal
muscle
iii. Inhibits movement of uterus in advanced pregnancy
iv. Respiration is inhibited
66. A patient with a secreting tumour of the adrenal medulla
(pheochromocytoma) may have:
i. Paroxysmal or permanent hyp ertension
ii. Hypoglycaemia
iii. Dyspnoea, sweating, tremors
iv. Decreased BMR and oxygen consumption
67. Adrenal insufficiency causes:
i. Increased blood volume
ii. Decreased plasma K level
iii. Hyperglycaemia
iv. Excretion of 17-ketosteroids is much diminished
68. Almost each tissue contains small amount of pro­
staglandins. They are:
i. A class of C20fatty acids
ii. Regarded as local tissue hormones and regulate
action of neurohormones
iii. Inhibitors of lipolysis
iv. Potent vasodilators
69. Males differ from females in that their:
i. Two sex chromosomes are different (XY)
ii. Urine contains only male hormone
iii. Limit of sex life is not sharp
iv. Public hairs are concave forwards
70. Human spermatozoa:
i. Require temperature lower than that of the interior
of body for their genesis
ii. They are motile even when in the seminiferous
tubules
iii. Take about 45 minutes to pass from the opening of
the cervix to the ovarian end of the fallopian tube
iv. In absence of fertilisation they die within 24 hours in
the fallopian tube
71. Fertilisation of human ovum
i. Penetration of the ovum by the sperm is brought
about by a lysosomal enzyme present in the tail of
the sperm
ii. Only one sperm is allowed to penetrate the ovum
iii. May occur one week after ovulation
iv. Usually occurs at the ampullary-isthmic junction of
the fallopian tube
72. In normal menstrual cycle:
i. Ovulation is associated with rise in blood LH level
ii. LH and LTH are directly responsible for premenstrual
changes of the endometrium
iii. In absence of fertilisation high level of progesterone
inhibits LH and LTH secretion which in tum causes
involution of the corpus luteum
iv. High level of progesterone is also the direct cause of
menstrual bleeding
73. During pregnancy:
i. Uterine muscle tissue increases mainly due to
hyp erplasia of uterine muscle fibres
ii. Blood volume increases
iii. Vital capacity, tidal volume and pulmonary ventila­
tion decrease due to raised diaphragm
iv. Cardiac output increases
74. In the placenta:
i. There is free mixing of maternal and foetal blood
ii. The p02 of umbilical vein blood is same as the p02 in
the maternal sinusoid
iii. p02 of blood in the maternal sinusoid is same as
alveolar air 02 tension
iv. Adequate oxygenation takes place because foetal
haemoglobin has the property of taking up oxygen
at relatively low oxygen pressure
75. Foetal circulation differs from an adult in that blood
in:
i. Brachia} artery has a higher oxygen saturation than
the femoral artery
ii. Inferior vena cava has higher oxygen saturation than
superior vena cava
iii. Major part of the blood from right ventricle passes via
ductus arteriosus in the descending aorta
iv. In the left atrium oxygen saturation is higher than
the right atrium
 Human Physiology
76. Glucocorticoids contain: 84. Melatonin is a hormone secreted by:
a. 17 carbon atoms b. 18 carbon atoms a. Anterior pituitary b. Posterior pituitary
c. 19 carbon atoms d. 20 carbon atoms c. Hypothalamus d. Pineal body
CJ')
e. 21 carbon atoms e. Sympathetic nerve endings
C:
·-0 77. Sex
a.
steroids contain:
17 carbon atoms b. 19 carbon atoms
For the chemical compounds, for questions 85-90, choose the
appropriate structural formulae given in the diagram below:
CJ')
c. 21 carbon atoms d. 23 carbon atoms
Q) 11-dehydrocoticosterone C

a
85.
::::, e. None of these
86. Cortisol F (hydrocortisone) A
78. Cortisol level in plasma is 3-15 ng/100 ml. It is:
87. Aldosterone (aldehyde form) B
a. Higher in early morning
Q) 88. Nonepinephrine F
·-u
b. Very low in early morning
89. Epinephrine D
c. Higher near midnight
0 d. Almost the same in early morning and midnight
90. DOPA E
..c:
u e. None of the statements is correct
79. Aldosterone controls mineral metabolism, it increases
For the questions 91-93, which of the following statements is
correct:
91. Intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD):
Q) the reabsorption of:
a. NaCl b. Bicarbonate a. Prevents menstruation
Q.. b. Inhibits ovulation
c. Potassium d. Phosphate
e. (a) and (b) c. Prevents fertilisation of the ovum
d. Makes the intrauterine environment hostile to the
80. Action of glucocorticoids on carbohydrate metabolism
nidation of the fertilised ovum
is partly similar and partly antagonistic to insulin:
e. The method is 100% successful
Which of the actions are antagonistic to insulin?
a. Increases gluconeogenesis in the liver 92. Ligation of the vas deferens (vasectomy) causes:
b. Depresses glucose uptake and oxidation by tissues a. Virilisation
c. Stimulates formation of glycogen in the liver b. Stoppage of spermatogenesis
d. (a) and (b) c. Deficiency of male hormones
e. (c) and (d) d. Loss of the erectile power of the penis
e. None of the above
81. Conn's syndrome (primary hyperaldosteronism) is
associated with adrenal tumour and is characterised by: 93. Probable modes of action of a classical contraceptive are:
a. Muscular weakness b. Hypertension a. Inhibition of ovulation
c. Retention of sodium d. Alkalosis b. Modifying tubal transport of the ovum
e. All of them c. Makes nidation of fertilised ovum difficult
82. Normal urinary excretion of neutral 17-ketosteroids in d. Render cervical mucous hostile to serum penetration
24 hours in adult male is approximately: e. All of the above
a. 1 to 5 mg b. 5 to 15 mg 94. Paracrines are chemical messengers
c. 10 to 20 mg d. 15 to 25 mg a. Secreted by cells into the extracellular fluid and affect
e. 20 to 30 mg neighbouring target cells of different type
83. Secretion of aldosterone is controlled by a chemical b. Secreted by cells into the extracellular fluid and affect
mediator known as glomerulotrophin. It is liberated the functions of same cell that produced them
from: c. Secreted by cells but remain inside the cell
a. Hypothalamus d. None of the above
b. Anterior pituitary 95. The prostaglandins responsible for cervical dilatation
c. Posterior pituitary at time of child birth is:
d. Juxtaglomerular cells a. PGF2 b. PGI2
e. None of these c. PGE2 d. None of the above

CH2 HC-COOH CH2

I I I
HCOH CH2 HCOH

a b C
HO 6 6 6
OH
d
HO
OH
e
HO
OH
f
 Multiple Choice Questions
96. Somatotropes are b. 9.1 mg/dL of calcium and no change in phosphate
a. Single chain of 9 amino acids concentration
b. Single chain of 119 amino acids c. 6-7 mg/dL of calcium and phosphate concentration
c. Single chain of 191 amino acids is double
d. Single chain of 250 amino acids d. None of the above
97. Somatostatin 107. The cystic bone disease of hyperparathyroidism is called:
a. Inhibit secretion of growth hormone by somatotropes a. Osteomalacia b. Osteomyelitis
b. Inhibits secretion of prolactin by lactotropes c. Osteogenic sarcoma d. Osteitis fibrosa cystica
c. Stimulates secretion of TSH by thyrotropes 108. In case of total lack of aldosterone the total transient
d. Stimulates ACTH by corticotropes loss of sodium in urine in a day will be:
a. 1-2 gm of sodium
98. Somatomedin C is also known as:
b. 3-6 gm of sodium
a. Thyrotropin releasing hormone
c. 6-8 gm of sodium
b. Growth hormone releasing hormone
d. 10-20 gm of sodium
c. Inulin like growth factor-I
d. Prolactin inhibitory factor 109. The hypersecretion of adrenal cortex cause a complete
cascade of hormone effect called:
99. Craniopharyngiomas are: a. Addissons disease b. Simmons disease
a. Tumours of pharynx c. Cushing syndrome d. Cretinism
b. Tumours of larynx
110. The tumor of zona glomerulosa cells causes:
c. Tumours of bronchus
a. Fanconis anaemia b. Conn syndrome
d. Tumorous condition involving the pituitary gland
c. Addisonia anaemia d. Myasthenia gravis
100. Oxytocin is formed primarily in:
111. The chromaffin cell tumors causes
a. Supraoptic nuclei b. Intralaminar nuclei
a. Albinism b. Hyperprolactinemia
c. Pulvinar nuclei d. Paraventricular nuclei
c. Pheochromocytoma d. Gaucher's disease
101. ADH is formed primarily in:
112. Incretins are gastrointestinal hormones causing:
a. Supraoptic nuclei a. Enhancement in rate of thyroid hormone secretion
b. Medial nuclei of hyp othalamus in response to increase blood glucose
c. Paraventricular nuclei b. Enhancement in rate of oxytocin secretion in response
d. Intralaminar nuclei to increase blood glucose
102. Syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic c. Enhancement in rate of insulin release from pancreas
hormone (SIADH) is diagnosed on certain essential is response to increase blood glucose
features such as d. Enhancement in rate of glucagon release from pancreas
a. Plasma osmolality (<275 mOsm/kg), urine osmolality in response to increase blood glucose
(>100 mOsm/kg) and urinary sodium (>40 mmo/L) 113. The drug metformin used in treatment of diabetes:
b. Plasma osmolality (<325 mOsm/kg), urine osmolality a. Suppress liver glucose production
(<90 mOsm/kg) and urinary sodium (<40 mmo/L) b. Enhance liver glucose production
c. Plasma osmolality (<380 mOsm/kg, urine osmolality c. Stimulates gluconeogenesis
(<50 mOsm/kg) and urinary sodium (< 10 mOsm/kg) d. None of the above
d. None of the above
114. The maximum composition in semen formation is by:
103. The daily rate of secretion of thyroxine and a. Prostate b. Bulbourethral glands
triiodothyronine are: c. Seminal vesicle d. Vas deferens
a. 93% thyroxine and approx 7% triiodothyronine
115. Frohlich syndrome is also known as:
b. 70% thyroxine and 30% triiodothyronine
a. Cushing syndrome
c. 60% thyroxine and 40% triiodothyronine
b. Adiposogenital syndrome
d. 50% thyroxine and 50% triiodothyronine
c. SIADH
104. The molecular weight of thyrotropin is: d. Fanconis anaemia
a. 280 b. 2800 116. The deficiency of the hormone which causes osteoporosis
c. 28000 d. 280000 of bone in old age is:
105. The approximate percent of ingested calcium exreted in a. Progesterone
urine is: b. Oestrogen
a. 30% (300 mg/day) b. 10% (100 mg/day) c. Follicle stimulating hormone
c. 40% (400 mg/day) d. 25% (250 mg/day) d. Luteinizing hormone
106. The changes in calcium and phosphate levels after sudden 117. The ovum remains viable and is capable of being fertili­
removal of parathyroid glands in blood are: zed after being expelled from ovary for period of:
a. 10 mg/dL of calcium and phosphate concentration a. 48 hours b. 24 hours
is halted c. 64 hours d. 8 hours
 Human Physiology
n
118. The most commonly used sythetic estrogens are: 121. The amount of blood flowing through maternal circula­
a. Ethinyl estradiol tion during last month in pregnant lady is approximated:
b. Norgestrel a. 62 ml b. 165 ml
IJ)
c. Ethynodiol c. 625 ml d. 5000 ml
C:
·-0 d. Norethindrone
119. The drug sildenafil(Viagra) used for treatment of erectile
122. The amount of fat in human milk is:
a. 30% b. 25%
IJ) dysfunction is:
Q) C. 3.3% d. 23%

a
a. Phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE5) inhibitors
::::, 123. The amount of lactalbumin and other protein in human
b. Phospholipase inhibitor
milk is:
c. Glucokinase
a. 0.4% b. 0.9%
Q)
·-u
d. Hexokinase
c. 1.2% d. 1.8%
120. The non haemoglobin iron store in mother at the outset
0 of pregnancy ranges from: 124. The amount of casein in human and cows milk is:
.c
u
a. 0.1-0.7 mg a. Human milk 0.9%, cows milk 2.7%
b. 1-7 mg b. Human milk 2.1%, cows milk 1%
C. 10-70 mg c. Human milk 0.1%, cows milk 0%
Q)
d. 100 -700 mg d. None of the above
Q..

ANSWERS
1. (b) 2. (a) 3. (e) 4. (c) 5. (a) 6. (e) 7. (e) 8. (a) 9. (c) 10. (d)
11. ( a) 12. (c) 13. (e) 14. (a) 15. (d) 16. (d) 17. (c) 18. (b) 19. (d) 20. (c)
21. (b ) 22. (a) 23. (d) 24. (d) 25. ( a) 26. ( a) 27. (d) 28. (a) 29. (c) 30. (b)
31. (b ) 32. (c) 33. (a) 34. (c) 35. (d) 36. (b) 37. (d) 38. (a) 39. (a) 40. (d)
41. ( a) 42. (c) 43. (b) 44. (e) 45. (f) 46. (h) 47. (i) 48. (g) 49. (d) 50. ( a)
51. (d) 52. (c) 53. (d) 54. (b) 55. ( a) 56. (a) 57. (d) 58. (b) 59. (e) 60. (b)
61. (b) 62. (b ) 63. (d) 64. (c ) 65. ( a) 66. (b) 67. (d) 68. (d ) 69. (a) 70. (b )
71. (c) 72. (b ) 73. (d) 74. (d) 75. (d) 76. (e) 77. (c ) 78. ( a) 79. ( a) 80. (d)
81. (e) 82. (b) 83. (d) 84. (d) 85. (c ) 86. ( a) 87. (b ) 88. (f) 89. (d) 90. (e)
91. (d) 92. ( a) 93. (e) 94. ( a) 95. (c) 96. (c) 97. ( a) 98. (c) 99. (d) 100. (d)
101. ( a) 102. (a) 103. (a) 104. (c) 105. (b) 106. (c) 107. (d) 108. (d} 109. (c) 110. (b )
111. (c ) 112. (c ) 113. ( a) 114. (c) 115. (b) 116. (b) 117. (b ) 118. (a) 119. (a) 120. (d)
121. (c ) 122. (c ) 123. ( a) 124. ( a)

CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM AND SPECIAL SENSES

For the following questions 1-21 a statement is followed by iii. Comes out of the ventricles into the subarachnoid
four possible answers. Answer by using the key outlined space by the aqueduct of Sylvius
below: iv. The circulation of CSF is helped by the movement of
a. If only (i}, ii and (iii) are correct the cilia lining the ventricles
b. If only (i) and (iii) are correct 3. Neurone:
c. If only (ii) and (iv) are correct i. Is the structural and functional unit of the nervous
d. If only (iv) is correct system
e. If all (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv) are correct ii. Consists of nerve cell body, axon and dendrite
1. The spinal cord: iii. Axon carries impulses away from the nerve cell
i. Consists of 29 segments iv. Dendrite carries impulses towards the central nervous
ii. Its length is equal to that of the vertebral column system and is devoid of any Nissl granules
iii. The cord ends at the level of the fifth sacral vertebra 4. A nerve fibre:
iv. Dura and arachnoid proceed up to the second sacral i. Propagates impulse in one direction only
vertebra ii. Will always give maximum response if the stimulus
2. CSF: be adequate
i. Is contained in subdural space iii. Has high Na + concentration inside and high K +
ii. Surrounds the whole central nervous system being concentration outside in resting phase
both inside and outside it iv. Cannot be fatigued