Department of

Electrical & Electronic Engineering

Independent University, Bangladesh BAETE Accredited

Marks Project 02
Allocated Obtained Course Code EEE 332L
Power Electronics and Drives
Course Title
Lab
Term & Year Spring 2023
40 Course Instructor Istiak Ahmed

Due Date 25/04/23

Submission Date 25/04/23

Student ID 2022246 Student Name Alif khan

Problem: (1) Design a 310V/19V, 500W MOSFET-based dual-stage DC-DC Buck converter for
a purely resistive load of 20+sum of all digits of your ID in ohm. Consider the symmetrical duty
cycle for each stage, minimum switching frequency as 20kHz, and inductor current ripple and
output voltage ripple by your choice. (2) Verify your design using simulation. (3) Also investigate
the performance of the converter by changing the load from 5 to 50 with an increment of 5.

Solution:

(1) Defining design requirements

Power management is a critical component that needs careful thought in the realm of
electronics. The usage of a DC-to-DC converter, which enables the effective
transmission of power from a source to a load, is one of the most often used power
management strategies. Due to its many benefits, the two stage buck converter has
drawn a lot of attention among the several types of DC-to-DC converters. We shall
examine the idea of the two stage DC to DC buck converter, its operation, and its
applications in this post.

A power converter known as a twin stage DC to DC buck converter lowers down the
input voltage in two stages to provide a lower output voltage. A high-frequency buck
converter transforms the input voltage into an intermediate voltage at the converter's
first stage. The intermediate voltage is further decreased to the appropriate output
voltage in the second stage, which is a low-frequency buck converter. A MOSFET switch,
an inductor, and a diode make up the input stage. The inductor stores energy from the
input voltage source when the MOSFET switch is activated. The diode conducts and
transfers the energy that has been stored to the output capacitor when the switch is
turned off. The output voltage from this method is lower than the input voltage.
Another MOSFET switch, an inductor, and a capacitor make up the output stage. The
second MOSFET switch's duty cycle is managed to regulate the output voltage. The
inductor stores energy from the input voltage source when the switch is activated. The
output capacitor receives the released energy when the switch is turned off. The output
voltage is steady as a result of this operation.

Specifications:

Specification Value
Voltage input 310V
Max output Voltage 19V
Min switching frequency 20 kHz
Max Inductor current in first stage 0.13A
Max Inductor current in second stage 0.13A
Inductor ripple current in first stage 0.019A
Inductor ripple current in second stag 0.0131A
Output voltage ripple in 1st stage 1.53492V
Output voltage ripple in 2nd stage 0.95V
Resistance 38 Ohms
Duty cycle, K 0.2351
Inductor value in first stage 0.1520H
Capacitor value in first stag 0.074uF
Inductor value in second stage 0.054H
Capacitor value in second stage 0.085uF
(2) Circuit Design and Circuit Simulation
Also investigate the performance of the converter by changing the load from
5 ohm to 50 ohm with an increment of 5ohm .

For 5 ohm
For 10 ohm
For 15 ohm
For 20 ohm
For 25 ohm
For 30 ohm
For 35 ohm
For 40 ohm
For 45 ohm
for 50 ohm
(3) Results and Analysis
By simulation we have received 19.278V where in theory we had 19V, the error is very less, hence
we can say that our experiment has been successfully conducted.
 Load R Vin I in Vout Iout

5Ω 310
0.077777989 62.7593 1.7844
10 Ω 310
0.070887758 64.9861 1.4486
15 Ω 310
0.089999840 70.5549 1.2470
20 Ω 310
0.067782384 72.0304 0.9815
25 Ω 310
0.035678977 72.4466 0.8379
30 Ω 310
0.032134577 72.4466 0.7379
35 Ω 310
0.058859549 72.8965 0.6399
40 Ω 310
0.087685007 73.0296 0.5757
45 Ω 310
0.045840975 73.1342 0.5252
50 Ω 310
0.056160095 73.0232 0.2389

The table shows the performance of a two stage DC to DC buck converter under various
load resistance conditions. The first column displays the load resistance in ohms. The
input voltage (Vin) in volts is shown in the second column. The third column displays
the input current in amperes (Iin). The output voltage (Vout) in volts is shown in the
fourth column. The output current (Iout) in amperes is shown in the fifth column.
The output voltage drops as the load resistance increases, but the output current
decreases.

As the load resistance increases, so does the input current, and as the output power
lowers owing to decreased output voltage and current, so does the input power.
Overall, this table gives useful information on a dual stage's performance.
(4) Performance analysis / investigation

Load R Pin(w) Pout(W) Efficiency (N%)

5Ω 27.630 18.345 75.944

10 Ω 25.409 17.864 86.630
15 Ω 22.828 17.130 84.352
20 Ω 20.091 17.255 94.848
25 Ω 18.791 14.611 97.022
30 Ω 16.791 14.611 94.022
35 Ω 14.813 12.202 97.348
40 Ω 10.530 10.053 97.996
45 Ω 10.519 9.136 96.501
50 Ω 9.702 8.387 98.905

The power and efficiency of a two stage DC to DC buck converter are shown in the table
for various load resistance values. The load resistance values are displayed in ohms in
the first column. The input power (Pin) is displayed in watts in the second column. The
output power (Pout) in watts is displayed in the third column. The converter's efficiency
(N%) is displayed in the fourth column.
Efficiency rises when load resistance rises because the input power is reduced but the
output power declines more slowly.

The converter's efficiency reaches a maximum of 98.905% at a load resistance of 50

ohms. According to this, 98.905 percent of the input power is transformed into useable
output power, while the remaining portion is wasted as heat or a reduction in voltage.
A dual stage DC to DC buck converter's power and efficiency characteristics under
various load circumstances are detailed in this table, which may be utilized to improve
the converter's performance and design for certain applications.

LAB PROJECT RUBRICS

PROJECT REPORT
Rubrics Accomplished Intermediate Developing Intermediate Novice
(weight) (5) (4) (3) (2) (0)
Define design Defined design Intermediate Design requirements Design No answer
requirements requirements and between and assumptions of requirements and given
(10) assume design developing design are defined assumptions are
specifications (if and with some weakness. poorly defined.
any) properly. accomplished.
Simulation Applied state-of- Intermediate Applied state-of-the Intermediate Applied state-
Results(10) the art methods / between art methods / tools to between novice and of-the art
tools to solve the developing solve the defined developing. methods / tools
defined problem and problem and has to solve the
and has described accomplished. described the defined
the methods/tools methods/tools problem and
effectively. moderately. has described
the
methods/tools
poorly.

Analyzing and Analyzed and Intermediate The results are Intermediate The results are
interpreting the interpreted the between moderately analyzed between novice and poorly
project outcome results properly developing and interpreted. developing. analyzed and
(10) using the designed and interpreted.
parameters. accomplished.

Written Communicated Intermediate Results are moderately Intermediate Results are

communications results clearly and between communicated in between novice and poorly
(10) professionally in developing & written form. developing. communicated
written form. accomplished in written
form.

Sub Total
Total (40)
Deduction for
late submission

PROJECT PRESENTATION
Rubrics Accomplished Intermediate Developing Intermediate Novice
(weight) (5) (4) (3) (2) (0)
Define design Defined design Intermediate Design requirements Design No answer
requirements requirements and between and assumptions of requirements and given
(10) assume design developing design are defined assumptions are
specifications (if and with some weakness. poorly defined.
any) properly. accomplished.

Conducting Applied state-of- Intermediate Applied state-of-the Intermediate Applied state-

experiment / the art methods / between art methods / tools to between novice and of-the art
simulation (10) tools to solve the developing solve the defined developing. methods / tools
defined problem and problem and has to solve the
and has described accomplished. described the defined
the methods/tools methods/tools problem and
effectively. moderately. has described
the
methods/tools
poorly.

Investigate the Analyzed and Intermediate The results are Intermediate The results are
converter interpreted the between analyzed to some between novice and poorly
performance results properly developing extent according to developing. analyzed and
(10) using the designed and defined problem. interpreted.
parameters. accomplished.
Oral Communicated Intermediate Results are moderately Intermediate Results are
communications results clearly and between communicated in oral between novice and poorly
(10) professionally in developing & form. developing. communicated
oral form. accomplished in oral form.

Sub Total
Total (40)