龍騰英文文法開麥拉:五大句型

JOANNA LEI @ CHUPEI 2022.09.04

請用以下五個動詞各造一句。

 RUN
 FEEL
 LOVE
 GIVE
 LET
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請用以下五個動詞各造一句。(P.1~P.2)
 RUN: I can run.
S + Vi (不及物動詞: 動詞後不需加受格)
 FEEL: I feel scared.
S + Vi + S.C.(不及物動詞: 動詞後不需受格， 但要補充主格) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RiKQRiQbCb8

 LOVE: I LOVE Joanna

S + Vt + O (及物動詞，動詞後需加名詞為受格)
 GIVE: I give Joanna my heart.
S + Vt + I.O + D.O. (及物動詞，動詞後需加兩個名詞作間接及直接受格，
授予動詞、雙賓動詞)
I give my heart to Joanna.
 LET: I let her go.
S +Vt + O + O.C. (及物動詞，動詞後需加一個名詞作受格，還需補充受格)

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POINT 1.
RUN: I CAN RUN. (P.2~P.4 上半部)
S + VI (不及物動詞: 動詞後不需加受格)

 The girl smiled.

 The girl smiled happily.
 The girl smiled happily at her mother.

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POINT 2.
FEEL: I FEEL SCARED.
S + VI + S.C.(不及物動詞: 動詞後不需受格， 但要補充主格)

 I feel scared.
 I am scared. I am a student. I am in Taipei
 be 動詞 / 連綴動詞 (似乎、感受、保持、變成 p.3)
 連綴動詞 + like + N

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 The girls are dancing.
 S + Vi
 The girls are dancing happily.
 The kids look scared.
 S+ Vi + SC
 The kids are scared.
 S+ Vi + SC
 The kids appear/seem 似乎 (to be) scared.
 (be 動詞/ 連綴動詞都是 S + Vi + SC )

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 P.3 同場加映，很重要!!!
 一、似乎Kim seems (to be) tired. => Kim seems tired
 二、感受 sound + adj / sound like+N
 三、keep cool / stay calm / remain single
 四、become old / is getting dark / go sour / come
true / grow green / turn pale / stay awake / feel
sleepy/ fall asleep

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POINT 1 S+ VI
POINT 2 S+ VI +SC

 用語意判斷，到極簡後，不能刪的程度的結構來判斷。

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POINT 3 S + VT + O
POINT 4 S + VT + O + OC

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請用以下五個動詞各造一句。(P.1~P.2)
 RUN: I can run.
S + Vi (不及物動詞: 動詞後不需加受格)
 FEEL: I feel scared.
S + Vi + S.C.(不及物動詞: 動詞後不需受格， 但要補充主格) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RiKQRiQbCb8

 LOVE: I LOVE Joanna

S + Vt + O (及物動詞，動詞後需加名詞為受格)
 GIVE: I give Joanna my heart.
S + Vt + I.O + D.O. (及物動詞，動詞後需加兩個名詞作間接及直接受格，
授予動詞、雙賓動詞)
I give my heart to Joanna.
 LET: I let her go.
S +Vt + O + O.C. (及物動詞，動詞後需加一個名詞作受格，還需補充受格)

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POINT 3 S + VT + O

 受格一定是名詞: 名詞、代名詞、Ving、 to VR.

 avoid /admit Ving、desire to V、
 I desire a watch. I desire to win.
 要能區分及物動詞vt後面要接的是Ving、 to VR、或兩者
皆可(但語意略有不同，Chapter 9 / 10)
 remember / forget / stop + Ving / to V (但語意不同)

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POINT 4: S + VT+O+OC
 指名/命名動詞:
appoint/elect/ vote : We elected John (as) our leader. *註4
name / nickname / call / label
 感官動詞: V + O + OC (主動VR、Ving / 被動 p.p. )
see / watch / hear / notice / observe / feel
 使役動詞: 使/ 讓/ 叫 =>
make / have ( V + O + OC (主動VR /被動 p.p. )): 迫使、要求 . *註6
let : 容許 ( V + O + OC (主動VR /被動 be p.p. )):
get : 說服 ( V + O + OC (主動 to VR、 Ving /被動 p.p. )):.
另外，make/ have/ get + O+ adj I will have my luggage ready.
make + O + N Love makes him a better man.
 find / leave / keep 下頁
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POINT 4: S + VT+O+OC

 使役動詞: 使/ 讓/ 叫 =>
make / have ( V + O + OC (主動VR /被動 p.p. )): 迫使、要求 . *註6
let : 容許 ( V + O + OC (主動VR /被動 be p.p. )):
get : 說服 ( V + O + OC (主動 to VR /被動 p.p. )):. *註6
使役動詞: 使/ 讓/ 叫 => ( V + O + OC (N/ adj. ))
His wife’s unconventional love makes Tim a better man.
I’ll have the luggage ready in thirty minutes.

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POINT 4: S + VT+O+OC

 find / leave / keep + O + OC (adj/ 表主動或進行ving / 表被動或完成p.p.)

 find 發覺、覺得
I found my ideas creative. / I found living in a big city stressful.
I found the floor vibrating. / I feel the floor vibrating.
I found my pet stolen.
 leave 使…保持在某狀態
leave water running / leave it open (adj) 、 / leave it tied to the pole
leave it closed (adj)
 keep使…保持在某狀態:
keep me awake/ keep him waiting/ keep the eyes closed

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POINT 5: S + VT + IO +DO
S + VT +DO + PREP + IO
 直接受格通常是「物」 、間接受格通常是「人」
 直接受格是動作的直接接受者、間接受格是動作的間接影響者 p.8~p.9
 I give Joanna my heart => I give my heart to Joanna.
 (1) 介係詞是to的 表方向 send /
 (2) 介係詞是for的 為了 buy / bring
 (3)介係詞是of的 屬於 ask my parents for money /
ask my parents a question => ask a question of my parents
 (4)介係詞是on的 在 play him a trick => play a trick on him
 (5) 並非所有雙賓動詞都可轉換成有介係詞的
The LV bag cost (Jane) a fortune.
My computer saves me) lots of time.

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比較 S + VT+ O +OC
S+ VT+ DO + TO IO

 Rita teaches her pet pig a lesson.

 Rita calls her pet pig Chubby.

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