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1 - Introduction To IC Engines, Motors and Mobility
1 - Introduction To IC Engines, Motors and Mobility
Mobility
[ME F317]
BITS Pilani Dr. Saket Verma
Department of Mechanical Enginerring
Pilani Campus
BITS Pilani
Pilani Campus
Lecture No.: 1
Introduction to IC Engines, Motors
and Mobility
Engines
What is an ‘Engine’?
“An engine is a device which transforms
one form of energy into mechanical energy”
e.g. Hydraulic turbines (potential – mechanical)
Electric motor (electric – mechanical)
Petrol engine (chemical – mechanical)
What is a ‘Heat Engine’?
“Heat engine is a device which transforms Hydraulic engine
the thermal energy into mechanical energy.”
e.g. Steam engine and Petrol engine
Steam engine
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BITS Pilani, Pilani Campus
Internal combustion engines
External combustion engine:
“External engines are those in which a
working liquid/fluid is heated through the external
source(outside the engine) which on expansion acts
on the mechanism of engine to provide motion.”
e.g. Steam engine, Sterling engine, Rankine cycle
IC Engine:
“The engine gets it's motive force from the
combustion or the burning of mixture of fuel and
oxygen inside an engine. The part of engine where
combustion occurs is known as Piston-cylinder
(combustion chamber).”
e.g. Spark ignition engine & Compression ignition
engine
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BITS Pilani, Pilani Campus
Fig.: Working principle of steam engine.
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BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956
Fig.: The world’s oldest steam engine Fairy
Queen. These engines can be seen at national
rail museum in the Capital. Railway ministry is
trying to revive them for touristic purposes.
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BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956
Fig.: Sterling engine working principle
Fig.: 4-cylinder Sterling engine model
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BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956
Working fluid = Steam
Fuel = Coal
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BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956
BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956
Comparison of IC engine with
EC engines
Advantages Disadvantages
• Simplicity • It can only utilize high
• Lower cost grade fuels (can not use
• High power to weight solid fuels, such as coal)
ratio • Relatively lower efficiency
• Portability – suitable for as compared to EC
vehicular applications engines.
• Reciprocating engines
have lower speed limit
due to vibration issues.
Cycle of Operation
Diesel cycle engine.
(CI engine or Diesel engine
2-stroke engine
Number of strokes per
cycle
4-stroke engines
High speed
Air cooled
Method of Cooling
Water cooled
Field of application
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BITS Pilani, Pilani Campus
Problems associated with IC
engines
The development of internal combustion (IC) engine vehicles, and especially
automobiles, is one of the greatest achievements of modern technology.
However…
Depletion of oil
Global warming Energy security
reserves
Air pollution
Improvement of IC Engine
technology
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Why Electric and Hybrid Power
Trains are better than IC Engines?
Fuel
Energy Thermal Energy Mechanical
(Chemical
conversion energy conversion energy
energy)
Even if not, then pollution Battery should provide Various heavy metals are
at local level can be enough storage/range. used which if not handled
reduced in cities. properly will cause sever
pollutions
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BITS Pilani, Pilani Campus
Mobility
Source: Mobility 2030: Transforming the mobility landscape. How consumers and businesses can seize the benefits of the mobility
revolution Thriving on disruption series
THANK YOU