Source Hormone Target/Effect

PITUITARY GLAND - GROWTH HORMONE  concerned with growth of cells

ANTERIOR  affects Carbohydrates, protein & fat metabolism
 Icreased blood glucose lvl

PROLACTIN Breast development and lactation

THYROID-STIMULATING HORMONE controls functions of the Thyroid Glands

GONADOTROPIC HORMONES OR  Follicle Stimulation Hormone

GONADOTROPIN  Luteinizing Hormone
 Affects secondary sex characteristics
 Sex steroids production in males and females

ADRENOCORTICOTROPI C HORMONE Controls adrenal glands

(ACTH

MELANOCYTES -STIMULATING HORMONE Pigmentation of the skin , Retina.

PITUITARY GLAND - ANTI-DIURETIC HORMONE  Aka VASOPRESSIN

POSTERIOR  Major control the osmolality (concentration) and body
water of volume.
 Increase water reabsorption in the collecting ducts of the
kidneys

OXYTOCIN  Promotes milk-let down in lactating breast

 Increased uterine contraction after labor has begun

THYROID GLAND T3 and T4  Regulate metabolic rate of cells

 Regulate protein, fat, carbs. metabolism
 Acts as insulin atagonist
 affect cardia rate and force and output
 Affect O2 utilization


THYROCALCITONIN  It lowers serum calcium levels

  Inhibits osteoclastic activity
Thyrocalcitonin HIGH - CA+ is LOW  Lowers phosphates Level
Thyrocalcitonin LOW - CA+ is HIGH  Dec. Calcium and Phospurous absorption in the GI tract

ADRENAL GLANDS ADRENAL CORTEX HORMONES  3S ; Sugar - Salt - Sex

1. GLUCOCORTICOIDS -
 Maintain blood glucose levels (Sugar)
2. MINERALOCORTICOIDS (e.g. Aldosterone)
 Maintain Sodium and Volume Status (Salt)
 Increases Potassium and hydrogen excretion in distal
tubes
 Aldosterone is “Pro-Sodium” (Retain)- Anti
Potassium (Excretes)
 Aldosterone results to:
Increased – Hypernatremia –Hypokalemia
Decreased – Hyponatremia – Hyperkalemia
 ddd
 ddd
3. SEX HORMONES - (Androgen & Estrogen)

PARATHYROID PARATHORMONE (PTH)  Regulates calcium and phosphorous balance

GLANDS  Elevates serum calcium lvls by withdrawal from the bones
 Low serum calcium levels stimulate PTH release
 Hypersecretion of PTH –Hypercalcemia–
Hypophosphatemia
 Hyposecretion of PTH –Hypocalcemia–
Hyperphosphatemia