NAME: Morta, Alliezza Jane DATE: June 10, 2022

PEPTIDE HORMONES: ARTICLE AND TABLE

PHBIOSCI 226R

Article

Title: Use of Polyethylene Glycol to Separate Free and Antibody-Bound Peptide Hormones in
Radioimmunoassays

Citation: BERNARD DESBUQUOIS, G. D. AURBACH, Use of Polyethylene Glycol to Separate Free and Antibody-
Bound Peptide Hormones in Radioimmunoassays, The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, Volume
33, Issue 5, 1 November 1971, Pages 732–738, https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem-33-5-732

Summary

Aqueous polyethylene glycol causes precipitation of antibody-bound peptide hormones labeled with
radioactive iodine with little or no precipitation of free hormones. Based on this finding, a method of separation
has been developed and applied to radioimmunoassays of insulin, parathyroid hormone, growth hormone and
arginine vasopressin. The new method provides several advantages over the double-antibody precipitation
method. It appears particularly valuable in immunoassays of substances of low molecular weight.

Table

Hormone Produced in Function

Adrenocorticotropic hormone Adrenal glands Stimulates the production of stress
(ACTH) hormones from the cortex, called cortisol
Amylin Pancreas A glucoregulatory hormone, regulator of
energy metabolism in health and disease
Angiotensin Liver Causes vasoconstriction and an increase in
blood pressure
Part of the renin-angiotensin system, which
regulates blood pressure
Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) Myocytes of the heart Acts as an anti-hypertensive hormone
atria Dilates the blood vessels to reduce the
pressure
Helps in the reduction of reabsorption of
sodium by acting on several segments of the
nephron and other inner medullary
collecting ducts
Calcitonin Thyroid Reduces blood calcium, opposing the effects
of parathyroid hormone (PTH)
Cholecystokinin (CCK) Duodenum Facilitates digestion within the small
intestine
Gastrin Stomach Stimulates parietal cells of the stomach to
Duodenum secrete HCl
 Pancreas Stimulates parietal cell maturation and
fundal growth
Ghrelin Stomach Stimulates appetite and growth hormone
release
Regulation of food intake, energy
metabolism, modulation of cardiovascular
function
Glucagon Pancreas Increase the blood glucose levels so that the
body has enough energy to function
properly
Supplies glucose to the body by promoting
glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis
Growth hormone Anterior pituitary gland Regulates several physiological processes
such as metabolism and growth
Follicle-stimulating hormone Anterior pituitary gland Plays a role in the sexual development and
(FSH) reproduction in both males and females
Insulin Pancreas Regulates how the body uses and stores
glucose and fat
Leptin Hypothalamus Regulates energy homeostasis and
neuroendocrine function
Plays critical role in the adaptive response to
starvation
Luteinizing hormone (LH) Pituitary gland Stimulates the onset of puberty, regulates
menstruation, and contributes to sex drive
Melanocyte-stimulating hormone Pituitary gland Induces the synthesis and release of melanin
(MSH) hormone by melanocytes in the skin
Oxytocin Posterior pituitary gland Functions as a neurotransmitter in the brain
Parathyroid hormone (PTH) Parathyroid Controls and regulates the levels of calcium
in the blood and raise their levels when they
are too low
Prolactin Pituitary gland Responsible for lactation, certain breast
tissue development and milk production
Renin Kidneys Regulates blood pressure
Somatostatin Pancreas Regulates gastric acid secretion
Thyroid-stimulating hormone Pituitary gland Stimulates the thyroid gland to produce
(TSH) thyroxine and then triiodothyronine which
stimulates the metabolism of almost every
tissue in the body
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone Hypothalamus Regulates thyroid gland growth and function
(TRH)
Vasopressin [arginine vasopressin Hypothalamus Plays an important role in the water balance
(AVP) or anti-diuretic hormone (osmoregulation) of the body
(ADH)] Maintains the proper osmotic concentration
of the blood plasma
Vasoactive intestinal peptide Immune cells Exerts a wide spectrum of immunological
(VIP) functions that control the homeostasis of
the immune system