Saint Louis University (PH)

ENGGPHYS
Study guide, definitions & notes

Module Summary
Wednesday, 23 June 2021 9:11 pm

Unit 1: Horizontal and Vertical

I. Term Definitions
• Motion
- Continuous change in position
• Kinematics
- Branch of mechanics; concerned with motion of objects regardless its cause
• Particle
- Represents a moving body; no rotation/change in shape during motion
• Coordinates (rectangular)
- Mathematical method of locating points in a space
- Also used in locating bodies as they move

II. Rectilinear motion - Motion along a straight line

▪ x-axis - horizontal motion
▪ y- axis - vertical motion

III. Basic Concepts

Term Definition Formula/diagram

Position x - Indicate location of a body any time
as it moves
- Distance from a given reference point
- Usually given as a function of time
- Form depends on how the body
moves along the line

Displaceme - Change in position of a body during a

nt (triangle certain length of time/time interval.
x) - Different from distance
- In one directional r. motion,
magnitude of displacement =
distance travelled.
Time instant - Time at a certain point
(t)
Time - Length of time
interval • Ex: during the first 5s
(triangle t) ○ T1-t2
Speed - Defines how fast an object moves
Velocity - Rate of change in position of an object
1. Average Velocity
- Taken during a time
interval/between 2 points
along its path
2. Instantaneous Velocity
- At a specific time/point
along the path

Acceleration - Rate of change in velocity of an object

1. Average Acceleration
- Acceleration of a body
taken during a time
interval/between 2 points

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 interval/between 2 points
2. Instantaneous acceleration (a)

IV. Uniformly Accelerated Rectilinear Motion (UARM)

• UARM - common and simple type of 1D motion where acceleration (a) is constant
- At any instant within the interval, the velocity changes at the same rate throughout the
motion

➢ Basic kinematic equations for UARM

• Assumptions
- Time (t) = 0
- Position Xi = 0
- Time interval = Time instant; because ti = 0 , tf = t
- Displacement = position x; because Xi = 0 , Xf = x @ t

• Equations

V. Free Falling Motion

• Free falling body
- object that moves vertically in air under the weight of its action alone.
- Air resistance is neglected & no external addition causing the body to move except gravity.
• Equations

Unit II: Projectile Motion

I. Term definition
• Motion in 2 Dimensions
- 2 independent motions in each of the 2 perpendicular direction associated with the x and y axes
- X does not affect y, Y does not affect x

• Projectile motion
- Curvilinear motion which moves under the sole effect of gravity.
- Air resistance is still neglected
- Path of an inverted parabola symmetric at the max point.

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 - Path of an inverted parabola symmetric at the max point.

• Trajectory
- Path followed by a projectile; always in an inverted parabola.

• Components:

II. Equations
a. Vertical

b. Horizontal

c. X & y components of initial velocity

III. Cases

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