CoW Electricity Department Planning & Design Guidelines For New Urban Land Developments

Department of Electricity
PLANNING AND DESIGN GUIDELINES
FOR NEW URBAN LAND DEVELOPMENTS

Document Owner: Strategic Executive: Electricity
Date of First Issue: November 2020
Revision: 0
ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
i. TERMS AND ABBREVIATIONS .................................................................................................... 2
1. PHILOSOPHY ................................................................................................................................ 7
2. SCOPE ............................................................................................................................................ 7
3. PURPOSE OF GUIDELINES ........................................................................................................... 7
4. OBJECTIVES .................................................................................................................................. 8
5. GUIDING PRINCIPLES .................................................................................................................. 8
5.1 Efficiency ........................................................................................................................................................................ 8
5.2 Standardization ........................................................................................................................................................... 8
6. DELIVERABLES / OUTCOMES ...................................................................................................... 9
7. RELATED ACTS, REGULATIONS AND POLICIES ......................................................................... 9
8. PLANNING AND DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS .......................................................................... 11
8.1 Load Forecasting ..................................................................................................................................................... 11
8.2 Point of Connection ............................................................................................................................................... 12
8.3 City of Windhoek Master Plan ........................................................................................................................... 12
8.4 Voltage Drop & Load Calculations ................................................................................................................... 13
8.5 Transformer Supply Areas ................................................................................................................................... 13
8.6 High Voltage Design .............................................................................................................................................. 14
8.7 Medium Voltage Design....................................................................................................................................... 16
8.8 Low Voltage Design ............................................................................................................................................... 17
8.9 Service Connection Design.................................................................................................................................. 17
8.10 Streetlight Design ................................................................................................................................................... 17
8.11 Cable Installation Instructions ............................................................................................................................ 18
9. STANDARD ELECTRICAL NETWORK EQUIPMENT ................................................................... 21
9.1 High Voltage Network Equipment ................................................................................................................... 21
9.2 Medium Voltage Network Equipment ............................................................................................................ 25
9.3 Low Voltage Network Equipment ..................................................................................................................... 30
9.4 Service Connections ............................................................................................................................................... 32
9.5 Streetlight Network Equipment ......................................................................................................................... 32
APPENDIX 1: ADMD CALCULATION METHODOLOGY ........................................................................... 39
City of Windhoek Planning and Design Guidelines for New Urban Land Developments
i. TERMS AND ABBREVIATIONS
TERMS DEFINITION
Customer Shall mean any user of the electricity distribution network of the City of Windhoek
In this policy shall mean a set of electrical equipment that forms part of the
medium voltage distribution network installed at a specific location that serves as
Distribution Station
a distribution point or medium voltage node within the network and where no
transformation of voltages is taking place (Also referred to as a Switching Station)
High Voltage Shall mean a voltage of more than 44000V (RMS)
In this policy shall mean a set of electrical equipment that forms part of the high
voltage and medium voltage distribution network installed at a specific location,
Load Centre
utilized to transform high voltage to medium voltage and serves as a distribution
point or medium voltage node within the network.
Low Voltage Shall mean a voltage of 1000V (RMS) or less.
Medium Voltage Shall mean a voltage of more than 1000V (RMS), but not more than 44000V (RMS)
In this policy shall mean a set of electrical equipment that forms part of the low
voltage and medium voltage distribution network installed at a specific location,
Substation
utilized to transform medium voltage to low voltage and serves as a distribution
point or low voltage node within the network
Table 1: Definitions
Page 2
ABBREVIATION FULL NAME
A Amp or Ampere
AC Alternating Current
ACSR Aluminium Conductor Steel Reinforced
ADMD After Diversity Maximum Demand
AIS Air Insulated Switchgear
BTU Battery Tripping Unit
CBR Californian Bearing Ratio
CoW City of Windhoek
CT Current Transformer
DC Direct Current
DSP Domestic Supply Point (Consumer Metering Point)
DS Distribution Station
Page 3
IED Intelligent Electronic Device
EIA Environmental Impact Assessment
EMP Environmental Management Plan
ECB Electricity Control Board of Namibia
HPS High Pressure Sodium
HDPE High-Density Polyethylene
kA Kilo Ampere
kVA Kilovolt Ampere
kWh Kilowatt-Hour
LC Load Center
LED Light Emitting Diode
LV Low Voltage
Page 4
M/Sub 11000 Volt / 415 Volt Miniature Substation
MV Medium Voltage
MVA Megavolt Ampere
NECRT Neutral Earth Compensator
OHL Overhead Line
OLTC On Load Tap Changer
ONAN Oil Natural Air Natural
OPGW Optical Pilot Ground Wire
PILC-DSTA Paper Insulated Lead Covered Double Steel Tape Armoured
pu Per Unit
PVC Polyvinyl Chloride
SANS South African National Standard
Page 5
RMS Root Mean Square
V Volt
VT Voltage Transformer
XLPE Cross Linked Polyethylene
Table 2: Abbreviations
Page 6
1. PHILOSOPHY
These guidelines cover the aspects to be considered by new urban land developers and their electricity
layout planners and electrical engineers for the optimum planning and design of low, medium and high
voltage electrical networks for new urban land developments in the City of Windhoek. The guidelines
stipulated are minimal and not exhaustive requirements and it is the developers’ responsibility to ensure
full compliance to these requirements.
2. SCOPE
These guidelines only cover electrical networks for new urban land developments (green field developments
ONLY)
These guidelines do not cover peri-urban and rural developments (brown field developments) and the
developers and their electricity layout planners or electrical engineers are advised to consult with the
Department of Electricity of the City of Windhoek before commencing with the planning and design of low
and medium voltage electrical networks for peri-urban and rural developments within the extended
boundaries of the City of Windhoek.
3. PURPOSE OF GUIDELINES
The purpose of these guidelines is to provide electricity layout planners and electrical engineers the required
background to effectively design new electrical networks by following the correct steps to achieve optimal
design in terms of cost, whilst considering quality of supply, operational and maintenance considerations
and expected future electrical load;
This document only provides guidelines and developers and their planners or engineers must consult with
the Department of Electricity of the City of Windhoek during the design stage. Design drawings as well as
calculations and specifications, if so required, must be submitted to the Department of Electricity for
approval before any work may commence.
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4. OBJECTIVES
The objectives of these guidelines are to:
(i) Propose a standard methodology for the planning and design of low and medium voltage
electrical networks for new urban land developments thereby promoting fairness; and
(ii) Provide the standard types and sizes of equipment utilized by the Department of Electricity of the
City of Windhoek for ease of reference and minimizing the time for approval of low and medium
voltage electrical designs.
5. GUIDING PRINCIPLES
The principles of these guidelines are set out below:
5.1 Efficiency
These guidelines attempt to reduce turnaround times and approve designs as proficiently as possible.
5.2 Standardization
To improve on efficiency, the City of Windhoek Electricity Department standardized on specific types of
infrastructure and equipment. Specifications of standard council equipment are available at the Electricity
Department.
A Customer connection may not compromise the City of Windhoek’s network integrity, and distribution
and protection philosophies. The City of Windhoek will advise the minimum standard connection to ensure
the safety and security of the network.
Page 8
6. DELIVERABLES / OUTCOMES
The outcomes of these Guidelines will ensure the following:
(i) A structured approach that guides all new urban land development electrical infrastructure
designs
(ii) Developers with similar new urban land developments are treated equally
(iii) Fast and effective service delivery to Customers
(iv) Reduced administrative and auditing overheads; and
(v) Directly attributable costs are allocated to Customers
7. RELATED ACTS, REGULATIONS AND POLICIES
These guidelines must be read in conjunction with the following acts, regulations, policies and guidelines:
(i) Electricity Act, No. 4 of 2017
(ii) Local Authorities Act, No. 23 of 1992
(iii) Municipality of Windhoek Electricity Supply Regulations
(iv) Approved Electricity Control Board Quality of Supply and Service Standards
(v) Approved City of Windhoek Connection Charge Policy
(vi) Approved City of Windhoek Metering Policy
(vii) Approved City of Windhoek Protection Philosophy
(viii) Approved City of Windhoek Spatial Development Plan
(ix) Approved City of Windhoek Electricity Master Plan
(x) Latest Revision of SANS 10142-1

The Wiring of Premises Part 1: Low Voltage Installations
Page 9
(xi) Latest Revision of SANS 10142-2

The Wiring of Premises Part 2: Medium Voltage Installations Above 1kV A.C. and Up to and
Including 3MVA Installed Capacity
(xii) Latest Revision of SANS 507-1 / NRS 034-1

Electricity Distribution – Guidelines for the Provision of Electricity Distribution Networks in
Residential Areas Part 1: Planning and Design of Distribution Networks
(xiii) Latest Revision of NRS 048-2

Electricity Supply – Quality of Supply Part 2: Voltage Characteristics, Compatibility Levels, Limits
and Assessment Methods
The City of Windhoek Electricity Department uses NSI (Namibian Standards), SANS, NRS, SABS and IEC
(national and international standards). The applicable standards should always be adhered to. If an
uncertainty arises consultation must be made with the Engineering Services Division of the Electricity
Department.
New or equivalent standards not listed can be considered with an approval from the Strategic Executive:
Electricity.
Page 10
8. PLANNING AND DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
The following must be taken into consideration when planning and designing electrical infrastructure for
new urban land developments.
8.1 Load Forecasting
Load forecasting impact the design and capital expenditure. The City of Windhoek uses ADMD forecasting
to calculate:
• Urban Development Total Projected Load
• MV / LV Transformer Sizes
• Voltage Drop over MV & LV Feeder Cables; and
• Connection Contribution Charges Payable
The City of Windhoek uses the Energy Load Factor Method in determining an ADMD for a specific suburb.
Appendix 1 details the methodology used. The table below indicates the ADMD used by the City of
Windhoek for residential consumers per suburb.
SUBURB ADMD
Otjomuise 2.0 kVA
Cimbebasia, Dorado Park, Elisenheim, Goreangab, Hakahana, Havana, Katutura, Khomasdal,

2.5 kVA
Kleine Kuppe, Pionierspark, Rocky Crest, Wanaheda, Windhoek Central / North / West
Academia, Auasblick, Avis, Hochland Park, Klein Windhoek, Ludwigsdorf, Okuryangava,

3.0 kVA
Olympia, Suiderhof
Eros 3.5 kVA
Table 3: City of Windhoek ADMD Per Suburb
Page 11
The Lafrenz and Prosperita suburbs are not included in Table 3 as these suburbs have only light industrial /
business consumers.
For Institutional, Business, Office, Municipal and Light Industrial consumers a demand of 3x 60A must be
used for load forecasts.
For general residential consumers, the number of units must be calculated by using the approved density
of the stand and the ADMD as per the table above must be used per unit.
Solar or PV installations are not considered as an approach to lower the ADMD unless energy storage is
included.
8.2 Point of Connection
The total load of the development can be calculated using ADMD Forecasting. The total load of the
development will determine the level and point of connection for the medium voltage network.
Furthermore, the total load will also determine the bulk infrastructure to be constructed and/or connection
charges payable. Reference is made to the City of Windhoek Connection Charge Policy for information
regarding electricity supply connections.
8.3 City of Windhoek Master Plan
The main objective of the City of Windhoek Electricity Master Plan is to develop detailed activities to
adequately expand and strengthen the City of Windhoek network to supply the predicted demand to
specific standards and within a pre-determined criterion.
It is important for electricity layout planners or electrical engineers and City of Windhoek planning engineers
to examine the existing City of Windhoek Master Plan before starting with electrical network designs as the
Master Plan may already have made provision for network strengthening within or near the development.
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8.4 Voltage Drop & Load Calculations
The recommended method for voltage drop calculations and load calculations for residential loads is the
Herman-Beta methodology as described in the latest editions of SANS 507-1 / NRS 034-1. The methodology
considers the statistical nature of residential loads and is sensitive to all influencing parameters. However,
it is noted that any other method such as the Monte Carlo Simulation Method is acceptable. Electricity
Network Planners or Electrical Engineers may use specifically designed Herman-Beta Excel Spreadsheets,
Retic Master, DIgSILENT or similar software programs for voltage drop and load calculations.
The design of the City of Windhoek High Voltage Network will be dealt with on a case-by-case basis.
For City of Windhoek Medium Voltage Networks, the supply voltage may not deviate from the declared or
agreed voltage (11kV) as per statutory voltage limits, with the minimum being 0.95pu and the maximum
1.05pu under normal conditions as indicated in the latest edition of NRS 048-2.
For Medium Voltage Networks, the loading of cables may not exceed 80% of the cable rating and an n-1
philosophy must be applied. Transformers may not be loaded above 80% at the design stage.
For City of Windhoek Low Voltage Networks, it is recommended that the voltage do not deviate by more
than 10% from the standard supply voltage of 415V phase to phase, with an 8% voltage drop allowed for
the low voltage reticulation and 2% voltage drop allowed for the service connection.
For Low Voltage Networks, radial low voltage connections may be installed, with the load not exceeding
80% of the cable rating at design stage.
8.5 Transformer Supply Areas
Areas supplied by a transformer must preferably be well defined. Electricity Network Planners or Electrical
Engineers are advised to use natural features such as rivers, mountains, valleys and town planning features
such as main arterial roads, different zonings to define areas supplied by a transformer.
Transformer sizes should be carefully selected to optimize the design, depending on transformer supply
areas. Transformer sizes larger than 500kVA are not recommended for residential areas, except in special
cases, to allow for future upgrades if necessary and to avoid large area outages in the case of equipment
failures. Electricity Network Planners or Electrical Engineers must make sure that the low voltage network,
service connections and streetlights in a specific transformer supply area are supplied by the same
transformer.
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8.6 High Voltage Design
The City of Windhoek’s High Voltage Network consists of 66kV overhead powerlines and 66/11kV
Substations, also called Load Centers (LC’s).
8.6.1 66/11kV Substations (Load Centers)
Where a 66/11kV Substation (Load Centre) needs to be constructed the Developer shall provide
the City of Windhoek with a sufficiently sized registered erf or registered municipal right of way
to erect and house the Load Centre. The Load Centre must be strategically placed to optimize the
medium voltage design and cater for future additional loads.
The following investigations must be conducted, and reports submitted before construction may
commence on a Load Centre.
(i) Soil Stability Study
A geotechnical consultant shall be appointed to conduct a geotechnical investigation which

addresses the following minimum requirements:
• A description and characterization of the geology of the sites with respect to soil, rock
types and depths
• An assessment of the soil conditions addressing inter-alia founding depth and bearing
capacity
• Proposal of method of excavation of materials for earth works
• Recommendations for foundation types
• Expected magnitude of settlement below recommended foundations
• Potential for corrosion of concrete and steel due to harmful substances in the soil and
appropriate recommendations
• Suitability of the on-site material for backfill including CBR and material classification;
and
• The possible presence and effect of groundwater
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(ii) Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) and Environmental Management Plan (EMP)
An environmental consultant is appointed to conduct an environmental study to limit the impact

on the environment.
(iii) Survey
A registered land surveyor is appointed to survey the substation site, provide benchmarks,
perform contouring of the site and register the site.
(iv) Substation Reports and Drawings
A preliminary design report must be submitted and approved before any detailed studies are
conducted.
A detailed design report is then required which includes all the investigations and technical design
of the load center.
8.6.2 66kV Overhead Powerlines
The following investigations must be conducted, and reports submitted before construction may
commence on a 66kV Overhead Powerline.
(i) Soil Stability Study
• A description and characterization of the geology of the proposed line route with
respect to soil, rock types and depths
• Proposal of method of excavation of materials for earth works
• Recommendations for foundation types
• Expected magnitude of settlement below recommended foundations
• Potential for corrosion of concrete and steel due to harmful substances in the soil and
appropriate recommendations; and
• Suitability of the on-site material for backfill including CBR and material classification
Page 15
(ii) Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)
An environmental consultant is appointed to conduct an environmental impact assessment to

limit the impact on the environment.
(iii) Survey
A registered land surveyor is appointed to survey the line route, provide benchmarks, indicate
land ownership, investigate existing and future town planning, indicate possible route limitations,
perform contouring of the site and register the line route.
(iv) Overhead Powerline Report and Drawings
A preliminary design report must be submitted and approved before any detailed studies are
conducted.
A detailed design report is then required which includes all the investigations and technical design
of the load center. The detailed design will include load flow and protection studies.
8.7 Medium Voltage Design
The City of Windhoek’s Medium Voltage Network consists of medium voltage switching stations (also called
distribution stations), medium voltage switchgear, such as ring main units, transformers and miniature
substations, medium voltage underground cables and medium voltage overhead powerlines and associated
line switchgear.
For new urban land developments and new buildings, miniature substations are preferred, in place of
substations, comprising free standing ring main units, transformers and associated equipment.
Substations or miniature substations must always be easily accessible for maintenance purposes and must
preferably be installed on road level.
Where Distribution Stations and/or Miniature Substations or Substations comprising, free standing
equipment needs to be installed the Developer or Customer shall provide the City of Windhoek with a
sufficiently sized registered erf or registered municipal right of way to erect and house the switchgear.
Where two [2] medium voltage cables are required, the design shall preferably call for the cables to run on
both sides of a road and not in one trench.
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8.8 Low Voltage Design
The City of Windhoek Low Voltage Network consist of low voltage distribution kiosks, also referred to as
stubbies, low voltage distribution pillars, also referred to as pillar boxes, low voltage switchgear and low
voltage cable.
For new urban land developments and new buildings, low voltage distribution kiosks are preferred, in place
of pillars.
All low voltage network equipment is installed on City of Windhoek sidewalks and coordinated with other
services.
8.9 Service Connection Design
Service connection cables are provided from low voltage distribution kiosks to each individual stand/erf,
except for General Residential stands and stands immediately adjacent to low voltage distribution kiosks.
Cables may not exceed 80 meters measured from the low voltage distribution kiosk to the boundary line of
the stand.
Service connection cables are installed up to 1 meter from the corner peg by 1 meter inside the erf
boundary. Erven adjacent to low voltage distribution kiosks have no service connection cable. Cable markers
with draw wires shall be installed to better identify the end of the service cable.
8.10 Streetlight Design
The City of Windhoek uses the latest editions of SANS 10098-1 and SANS 10098-2 for the design of the
streetlight reticulation. Streetlight poles are usually placed at erf boundaries to avoid future relocation of
poles.
The City of Windhoek discontinued the use of HPS luminaires, only LED luminaires will be considered.
Electricity Network Planners or Electrical Engineers are required to use software packages similar to Relux
to design the streetlight network.
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8.11 Cable Installation Instructions
8.11.1 Cable Routes and Positioning
The contractor shall follow the routes indicated on the specification drawings as accurately as
possible. Deviations from the routes laid down shall not be made without the engineer’s approval.
The final position of cable relative to kerbs, boundaries, and other services shall, where necessary,
be indicated to the contractor by the engineer on site and shall be strictly adhered to. In general,
where obstacles not provided for in the specification drawings are encountered, cables shall
circumvent such obstacles by being laid in as smooth a path as possible around the obstacles and
by retaining maximum separation between cables. Laying depths of cables specified are to final
levels of the streets and sidewalks. All levels shall be obtained by the contractor from the Local
Authority or the engineering representative doing the designs
8.11.2 Trenching
Cable trenches shall comply with the specifications as outlined herein and 11kV cables shall
generally be laid at a minimum depth of 1000mm below ground level. Main LV feeder cables,
unless otherwise instructed, shall be laid at a minimum depth of 900mm below ground level.
Trenches shall not be less than 300mm wide for single and multiple LV service connection cables,
and the trench width shall be increased where more than two LV feeder or service connection
cables are laid together so that the cables may be placed at least 150mm apart throughout the
run. Streetlight cables buried in trenches under un-tarred roads shall be buried in a trench with
minimum depth of 900mm and 300mm wide and if under tarred roads shall be buried a minimum
of 500mm deep and normally in HDPE corrugated sleeving of applicable size, quantity and
required spare quantities.
8.11.3 Handling and Laying of Cables
The contractor must satisfy himself that the levels of the trenches excavated are suitable and are
wide enough to enable him to carry out the work in accordance with SANS 10198-8. The
contractor shall be responsible to draw in, lay, thread through pipes, circumvent obstacles, fix in
position clamp and saddle where required to walls, poles or switch gear all cables set out in the
contract. Cables shall not be bent in any event to radius smaller than 15 times the overall diameter
of the cable.
Page 18
8.11.4 Backfilling
Backfilling after bedding is to be carried out with a proper grading of the material to ensure
settling without voids, and the material is to be tamped down after the addition of every 150mm.
The surface is to be made good as required.
8.11.5 Protection of Cables
Danger tape to specification shall be placed 300mm above all MV and main LV feeder cables
along the entire length of the trench. Where so directed by the Engineer, a concrete layer shall be
placed over the bedding layer to give the cable additional protection. The danger tape shall be
150mm wide yellow plastic with lightning flash printed onto the tape at intervals. The tape shall
comply with SANS 1091.
At road crossings, cable sleeves shall be installed at a minimum depth of 1000mm, and as
instructed by the Engineer.
8.11.6 Road Crossings
Cable sleeves for road crossings shall not be installed less than 1000mm below the final street
level. Unless otherwise specified two additional sleeves all of the same size shall be installed for
future use at each road crossing. Galvanized steel draw wire, 2.0mm in diameter shall be installed
in all sleeves and shall protrude 1500mm on each side of the sleeve. On completion of the
installation of sleeves all ends shall be sealed to prevent the ingress of dirt and moisture, after
installation of the cables the sleeves shall be resealed.
8.11.7 Sleeves/Cable Ducts
Unplasticized Polyvinyl Chloride (uPVC) Class 6 pipes shall be used as sleeves/cable ducts, for
example under roads. The pipe shall be supplied in 6m lengths. One end of each pipe and bend
shall be fluted to form a female coupling so that pipes can be easily joined. One spare sleeve per
cable duct is to be installed and plugged with PVC sheeting. Minimum size of uPVC pipe for MV
cable shall be 110mm diameter.
Page 19
8.11.8 Cable Markers
Cable route markers of approved manufacture shall be provided at each end of an underground
cable route and at all points where such routes deviate from a straight line. Joints in the cable
shall be marked and the maximum distance between route markers shall not exceed 150m. The
cable markers shall be tapered blocks cast from concrete in accordance with approved detail
drawings. Each cable marker shall be buried with its upper face 50mm above the natural ground
level. Marking of cable markers shall also be in accordance with approved detail drawings. The
marker must have direction arrows to indicate the route of or any change in route of cables, and
the cable size to be shown as well.
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9. STANDARD ELECTRICAL NETWORK EQUIPMENT
The City of Windhoek standardizes on specific types of infrastructure and equipment. The following are the
basic specifications. More details are available in the form of detailed equipment specifications and
installation instructions available on request.
9.1 High Voltage Network Equipment
The City of Windhoek High Voltage Network consists of 66/11kV Substations (also referred to as Load
Centers) and 66kV overhead powerlines.
9.1.1 66/11kV Substations (Load Centers)
The standard size of City of Windhoek 66/11kV Substations is 2 x 20MVA with provision (spare
physical space) for a third 20MVA power transformer should future upgrades be necessary.
Alternative size ratings and types of load center power transformers will be considered only under
special conditions. The tables below indicate the basic specifications of load centers which are not
exhaustive. The tables include general specifications, power transformer specifications, 66kV
circuit breakers, 66kV isolators, 66kV current transformers, 66kV voltage transformers, 66kV surge
arrestors, 66kV busbars, substation earthing, medium voltage switchgear and auxiliary supplies.
For protection schemes reference is made to the Electricity Department Protection Philosophy.
• General Specification of Load Centers
DESCRIPTION SPECIFICATION
Nominal System Voltages 66kV, 11kV
System Frequency 50Hz
Fault Level @ 66kV 16kA
Fault Level @ 11kV 31.5kA
Switchgear Insulation AIS / Vacuum / Oil / SF6
Yard Size Requirement Approximately 40m x 50m
Table 4: General Specifications of Load Centers
Page 21
• Basic Specification of Power Transformers
Winding Configuration Double Winding
Transformer Rating 20MVA, 66/11kV
Required Capacity n-1 Philosophy
Transformer Vector Group YNd1
Earthing Arrangement (66kV) Transformer Star Point Through Surge Arrestor
Earthing Arrangement (11kV) Through NECRT
Transformer Cooling ONAN
Transformer Impedance ±9% Matching
Voltage Regulation Automatic Tap Changer on 66kV Winding
Table 5: Basic Specification of Power Transformers
• Basic Specification of 66kV Circuit Breakers
Type Outdoor, Three Pole, Single Mechanism
Nominal Voltage Rating 66kV
Maximum Voltage Rating 72kV
Basic Impulse Level (BIL) 380kV
Current Rating 1600A
Fault Current Rating 31.5kA
Insulation Medium SF6
Insulator Material Porcelain
Operating Mechanism Motor Wound Spring Type
Control Voltage 110V DC
Table 6: Basic Specification of 66kV Circuit Breakers
Page 22
• Basic Specification of 66kV Isolators
Type Outdoor, Three Pole, Single Mechanism
Contact Rating 1600A
Fault Current Rating 31.5kA
Contact Type FEFE Ice Break Type
Insulator Material Porcelain
Operating Mechanism (Line & Transformer) Manual
Operating Mechanism (Busbar) Motor Wound Spring Type
Earth Switch Line Side of 66kV Feeder Line Isolator
Table 7: Basic Specification of 66kV Isolators
• Basic Specification of 66kV Current Transformers
Type Outdoor, Post Type
Primary Current Rating 1600A
Insulation Medium Oil
Bushings Porcelain / Composite Rubber
Finish Hot Dip Galvanized, Painted
Table 8: Basic Specification of 66kV Current Transformers
Page 23
• Basic Specification of 66kV Busbars
Single 66kV Aluminium Tubular Busbar or
66kV Busbar (Preferred)
Equivalent with Bus Section
11kV Busbar (Preferred) Single 11kV Busbar with Bus Section(s)
Table 9: Basic Specification of 66kV Busbars
9.1.2 66kV Overhead Powerlines
The City of Windhoek prefers the installation of steel monopole structures designed on 132kV
with twin wolf ACSR conductor and 24 core single mode fiber optical ground wire. Alternative
structure and line types will be considered on special request with approval from the Strategic
Executive: Electricity.
The tables below indicate the basic specifications of 66kV overhead powerlines which are not
exhaustive. The tables include basic specifications of the overhead powerline and conductors /
OPGW.
• Basic Specification of 66kV Overhead Powerline Structures
Material Galvanized Steel
Type Monopole
Circuit Configuration Single Circuit
Nominal Voltage Level 132kV
Maximum Voltage Level 145kV
Creepage Distance 3100mm
Creepage Level 21.38 mm/kV

ECR Glass Fiber & Epoxy Resin Composite
Insulators
Core, Silicon Rubber Insulation
Table 10: Basic Specification of 66kV Overhead Powerline Structures
Page 24
• Basic Specification of 66kV Overhead Powerline Conductors / OPGW
Conductor Size Twin Wolf
Communication OPGW
Fiber Count 24 Core
Fiber Mode SMF
Table 11: Basic Specification of 66kV Overhead Powerline Conductors / OPGW
9.2 Medium Voltage Network Equipment
The existing medium voltage network for City of Windhoek is 11kV and is supplied from 66/11kV
Substations, also referred to as Load Centers, or 11kV Switching Stations, also referred to as Distribution
Stations, to 11kV cable rings supplying substations or miniature substations.
9.2.1 11kV Switching Stations (Distribution Stations)
The standard City of Windhoek Distribution Station consists of indoor withdrawable vacuum
circuit breakers forming 2 or 3 busbars separated by bus sections, supplied via 2x 185mm² x 3
Core PILC-DSTA cables and supplying 70mm² x 3 Core PILC-DSTA cable rings.
The use of 150mm² x 3 Core supply cables is only allowed in special cases with the approval from
the Strategic Executive: Electricity.
A 110V DC system provides a supply to the Intelligent Electronic Devices (IED’s) and emergency
DC lights.
The tables below indicate the basic specifications of distribution stations which are not exhaustive.
The tables include 11kV switchgear and the DC power supply basic specifications. For protection
schemes reference is made to the Electricity Department Protection Philosophy.
Page 25
• General Specification of Distribution Stations
Nominal System Voltage 11kV
System Frequency 50Hz
Fault Level 31.5kA
Switchgear Insulation Vacuum
Yard Size Requirement Approximately 15m x 20m
Table 12: General Specification of Distribution Stations
The City of Windhoek standardized its metal-clad switchgear to effectively and efficiently manage
its maintenance, spares requirements, stock levels and personnel training. Council has
standardized on the Metal-clad Switchgears that meet the IEC 62271-200 similar or equal to
Siemens Simoprime, ABB Unigear, Schneider Evolis or Schneider PIX.
• Basic Specification of 11kV Withdrawable Vacuum Circuit Breaker Switchboard (Metal-

clad Switchgears)
Type Single Busbar Indoor Metal-Clad Withdrawable
Insulation Type Vacuum
Rated Voltage 31.5kA
Power Frequency Withstand Voltage 38kV
Lightning Impulse Withstand Voltage 95kA
Busbar Rating 1250A

2x 1250A Incomers, 1x 1250A Bus Section
1x 1250A Bus Riser with VT
Typical Configuration
Additional 2 x 1250A Busbar VT
6x 630A Outgoing Feeder Panels
Motor Wound Spring, Coil Operated, Tripping
Operation Type
and Closing
Table 13: Basic Specification of 11kV Withdrawable Vacuum Circuit Breaker Switchboard
Page 26
• Basic Specification of Auxiliary Supply and IED’s
Protection Relays SEL or Similar
Battery Bank Rating 130 Ah
Battery Type NiCad
Charging Factor 20%
Table 14: Basic Specification of Auxiliary Supply and IED’s
9.2.2 Miniature Substations
City of Windhoek prefers the installation of miniature substations, in place of medium to low
voltage substations with free standing equipment. Other standards and configurations can be
allowed on special cases with the approval of the Strategic Executive: Electricity. The basic
specifications of miniature substations are indicated in the table below:
Standard Ratings 315kVA, 500kVA, 630kVA, 800kVA, 1000kVA
Special Request Ratings 200kVA, 400kVA
Primary & Secondary Voltages 11 000V / 415V
Yard Size Requirement 3m x 6m
Insulation Type Oil
Vector Group Dyn11
Tap Changer ±3%, ±6%
Winding Material Copper
Table 15: Basic Specification of Miniature Substations
Page 27
9.2.3 Medium Voltage Cable
The City of Windhoek uses PILC-DSTA medium voltages cables as per Table 19 of SANS 97.
Equivalent XLPE medium voltage cables will be considered in special cases with the approval of
the Strategic Executive: Electricity.
Cable terminations are done using heat shrink type approved terminations in accordance with the
latest edition of NRS 013. Terminations shall be fitted with tinted brass glands and filled with S5
lead to ensure a secure ground connection. S5 Lead shall be finished off with a S6 Lead coating.
The terminations shall be supplied in kit form complete with gland, all stress relieving field guide
and insulating materials as well as boots and sleeves for obtaining a complete installation. The
following standards shall be adhered to: SANS 10198-10: Jointing and termination of paper
insulated cables. SANS 10198-11: Jointing and termination of screened polymeric insulated cables.
All MV cable terminations will be done by skilled personnel approved by the City of Windhoek
Electricity Department, including the supply of termination materials. The Electrical Contractor
shall procure, coordinate, liaise and arrange for the installation of terminations with the relevant
City of Windhoek's technical personnel.
Only approved medium voltage cable joints shall be used. Each kit shall be packed in a separate
box containing all materials required to make a complete installation.
Medium Voltage PILC cable joints shall be oil-filled and the electrical contractors’ rates shall
include provision for the packing. Each core screen shall be tied back with 2.5 mm² lead wire and
soldered to the main lead casing. Jointing shall be done in 1-1, 2-2 and 3-3 arrangement.
The basic specifications of medium voltage cables are indicated in the following table:
Page 28
2 x 400 mm² single core XLPE copper cable or
3 x 240 mm² single core XLPE, 22kV (Power
Transformer to the 11kV board and to the
NECRT)
Typical Sizes
185mm² (Switching Station Supply Cables)

70mm² (Medium Voltage Cable Rings)
120mm², 150mm² (Special Cases)
Nominal Voltage 11kV
Conductor Type Stranded Copper

PILC-DSTA, Impregnated with a Non-Draining
Insulation
Compound
Screening Individually and Mutually
Metallic Sheath Lead
Bedding PVC Fire Retardant
Armour Galvanized Double Steel Tape
Outer Sheath Lead
Table 16: Basic Specification of Medium Voltage Cable
9.2.4 Free-Standing Transformers
Free-Standing Transformers can be installed on special request and the basic specifications is
indicated in table 15.
9.2.5 Ring Main Units
The City of Windhoek has standardized on outdoor oil filled Ring Main Units. For indoor RMU
Eaton Xiria or equivalent shall be used. These can be 2-Way, 3-Way, 4-Way or 5-Ways panel units.
Specifications can be obtained from the manufacturer or from the Department of Electricity.
For outdoor, including the RMUs housed in miniature substations the Lucy type RMU or equivalent
is preferred. Alternative equivalent equipment can be considered on special request with the
approval of the Strategic Executive: Electricity.
Page 29
9.3 Low Voltage Network Equipment
The City of Windhoek low voltage network comprises low voltage distribution kiosks, also referred to as
stubbies, low voltage distribution pillars, also referred to as pillar boxes, low voltage switchgear and low
voltage cable. Low voltage distribution kiosks are preferred. Low voltage distribution pillars can be installed
on special request.
The low voltage network for new urban land developments must be an underground network. Overhead
networks will only be allowed in special cases.
9.3.1 Low Voltage Distribution Kiosks (Stubbies)
Only 12-way and 18-way low voltage distribution kiosks are allowed. Kiosks are installed at corners
of erf boundaries to minimize future relocations.
Material of Construction 3CR12 Steel
Colour Code G69 (SANS1091:2004)
Coating Epoxy Powder
Width ± 460mm
Depth ± 340mm
Height (Including Planting Depth) ± 1400mm
Planting Depth ≥ 600mm
IP Rating ≥ IP54
Busbar Rating ≥ 250A
Table 17: Basic Specification of Low Voltage Distribution Kiosks (Stubbies)
Page 30
9.3.2 Low Voltage Cable
The City of Windhoek standardized on PVC/PVC/SWA/PVC low voltage cable. XLPE insulated
cables can be approved on special request with the approval of the Strategic Executive: Electricity.
35mm² x 4 Core
50 mm² x 4 Core
70 mm² x 4 Core
Cable Sizes 95 mm² x 4 Core
120 mm² x 4 Core
150 mm² x 4 Core
185 mm² x 4 Core
Conductor Type Stranded, Copper
Insulation PVC
Bedding PVC
Armouring SWA
Sheath PVC
Voltage Rating ≥ 600/1000V
Operating Temperature ≥ 70 °C
Maximum Temperature for 1 Second ≥ 160 °C
Drum Length & Type 500m (Wooden Non-Returnable)
Distance Labelling Visible on Outside of Cable
Colour Coding Red, Yellow/White, Blue Black
Table 18: Basic Specification of Low Voltage Cable
The following bare copper earth wires (BCEW) must be installed with the low voltage cable circuits:
• 16mm² BCEW for 35mm² x 4 core cables
• 70mm² BCEW for 50mm² to 185mm² x 4 core cables
Page 31
9.4 Service Connections
The City of Windhoek uses 10mm² x 2 Core and 16mm² x 2 Core PVC/PVC/SWA/PVC service connection
cables for residential consumers. 16mm² x 4 Core and 25mm² x 4 Core PVC/SWA/PVC are used for three
phase residential consumers or business consumers.
The following bare copper earth wires (BCEW) must be installed with the service connection cables:
• 10mm² BCEW for 10mm² x 2 core and 16mm² x 2 core and 4 core cables
• 16mm² BCEW for 25mm² x 4 core cables
9.5 Streetlight Network Equipment
The City of Windhoek standardized on LED streetlight luminaires. Galvanized steel streetlight poles are used.
Planting heights and positions on sidewalks are recommended as follows:
APPROXIMATE ROAD RECOMMENDED INSTALLATION

TYPE OF ROAD
SERVITUDE MOUNTING HEIGHTS POSITIONS
Residential Roads ≤15m 7.5m 1m From Erf Boundary
Connecting Roads / 15m to 30m 10.65m 3m From Road Edge
Local Distributor
Roads ≥30m 13.5m 5m From Road Edge
Major Roads /
30m to 60m 13.5m 5m From Road Edge
Freeways
Table 19: Streetlight Pole Planting Heights and Positions
Poles are usually planted not more than 40 meters apart on one side of the road for single carriageways
and staggered on both sides of the road for dual carriageways. Where a traffic island is available, double
cantilever poles can be installed.
Page 32
The following poles and luminaires are used by City of Windhoek:
9.5.1 7.5m Mounting Height Poles and Luminaires
The City of Windhoek uses LED luminaires equivalent to 100W HPS luminaires for 7.5 meter
mounting height poles.
• Streetlight Poles
Type Straight Steel
Material Hot-Dipped Galvanized Steel
Construction Continuously Tapered of Circular Cross Section
Mounting Height 7.5m
Planting Depth ≥ 1.5m
Minimum Wall Thickness at Swages 3mm
Height of Access Door 1370mm Above N.G.L.
Base Plate 400mm x 400mm x 6mm
Table 20: Basic Specification of 7.5m Mounting Height Poles
Page 33
• 100W HPS Equivalent LED Luminaires
Colour Temperature 4 000K

Enclosure IP Rating
(Control Gear Compartment & Light ≥ IP65
Compartment)
Input Voltage 220V ±10%
LED Driver Maximum Output Current ≤ 1000mA
LED Driver Operating Output Current < 80%
Power Factor ≥ 0.95
Power Consumption ≤ 65W
Total Luminous Flux 6 500lm ±5%
Number of LED’s ≥ 24
Surge Protection 10kA/10kV
Efficacy ≥ 100 lm/W
Colour Rendering Index ≥ 70
Body Aluminium or Polypropylene
Diffuser Glass or Polycarbonate
Finish No Preference
Colour Aluminium or Similar
Impact Resistance > IK07
Length < 750mm
Width < 400mm
Height < 200mm
Weight < 12kg
Side Entry 42mm Spigot
Bottom Entry Incorporated in Fitting
Table 21: Basic Specification of 100W HPS Equivalent LED Luminaires
Page 34
Streetlight poles shall be planted not less than 1m away from the erf boundary towards the street,
along streets with a servitude width of up to 15 meters.
Type Cantilever
Outreach 3.0m
Planting Depth ≥ 1.8m
Page 35

Enclosure IP Rating
Compartment)
Length < 750mm
Width < 400mm
Height < 200mm
Weight < 12kg
Page 36
Type Cantilever
Outreach 3.0m
Planting Depth ≥ 2m
Page 37

Enclosure IP Rating
Compartment)
Length < 900mm
Width < 500mm
Height < 250mm
Weight < 15kg
Page 38
APPENDIX 1: ADMD CALCULATION METHODOLOGY
CONSUMER CLASSIFICATION
Consumers can be divided into classes according to annual consumption and appliance utilization. NRS
034-1, Table 2, provides guidance for ADMD figures according to broad categories of consumption class.
This table is given below, with annual load factors at township level (full diversity) added. These load factors
have been derived from the NRS Load Research Project. The results of investigations to correlate the annual
energy consumption of consumers, the major classification characteristics of the consumers and the
expected ADMD have been recorded in a report on the NRS Load Research Project, which is continuing.
The results have been used to derive the planning parameters set out in the second edition of NRS 034-1.
Consumption classification can be derived from appropriate market research programs and economic
studies for each area to be electrified. This type of work is usually undertaken by consultants with the
necessary marketing and engineering background.
𝑀𝐷 𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑎𝑙
ADMD (N) = if DSPs > 100, to allow for full diversity.
𝐷𝑆𝑃𝑠
If DSPs < 100 then adjust the ADMD as shown in the Table below:
CONSUMPTION CLASS
Consumption Class Approximate Final
Approximate Annual Approximate kWh Per
(See 4.3.3.2 of Loading & Design
Load Factor (%) Annum
NRS 034-1) ADMD (kVA)
Very High >6 > 42* > 22 000
High 3 to 6 35 to 42 9 200 to 22 000
Medium 1.5 to 3 31 to 35 4 100 to 9 200
Low 0.5 to 1.5 29 to 31 1 200 to 4 100
Very Low ≤ 0.5 28 to 29 < 1 300
* In the very high consumption class, there might be demand-side management techniques, such as the
application of ripple control that would influence the load factor.
The Windhoek Municipality Townships consumer falls mostly within the Medium Consumption Class as per
table above. The average annual consumption (kWh) per residential DSP is 4,890 (Otjomuise) to 7,702 (Eros).
Page 39
The table below shows the sequential breakdown of the parameters using the load factor as the base for
the medium consumption class.
Approx. kWh per Average Monthly

Load Factor ADMD (kVA)
Annum Consumption
4100 0.31 1.50 341.67
5375 0.32 1.88 447.92
6650 0.33 2.25 554.17
7925 0.34 2.63 660.42
9200 0.35 3.00 766.67
ADMD PER SUBURB
Proposed
Maximum Average
12 Month Load ADMD
Suburb Monthly Monthly ADMD
Total Factor (30% Safety
Cons. Cons.
Margin)
Academia 6,775 642.23 564.62 0.33 2.25 3.00
Auasblick 5,945 555.38 495.38 0.33 2.25 3.00
Cimbebasia 6,026 538.51 502.13 0.32 1.88 2.50
Dorado Park 6,019 550.31 501.55 0.32 1.88 2.50
Elisenheim 5,345 473.57 445.38 0.32 1.88 2.50
Eros 7,702 703.57 641.83 0.34 2.63 3.50
Goreangab 5,370 478.34 447.50 0.32 1.88 2.50
Hakahana 5,546 492.96 462.19 0.32 1.88 2.50

Havana / Big
4,926 450.92 410.49 0.32 1.88 2.50
Bend
Hochland
6,520 612.20 543.33 0.33 2.25 3.00
Park
Katutura 5,588 488.49 465.63 0.32 1.88 2.50
Khomasdal 5,516 502.70 459.68 0.32 1.88 2.50
Page 40
Klein
Windhoek /
6,459 605.27 538.29 0.33 2.25 3.00
Ludwigsdorf
/ Avis
Kleine Kuppe 5,781 523.41 481.74 0.32 1.88 2.50
Lafrenz 9,801 1043.74 816.73 0.36 3.43 4.50
Okuryangava 6,343 569.40 528.58 0.33 2.25 3.00

Olympia /
7,209 660.68 600.79 0.34 2.63 3.50
Suiderhof
Otjomuise 4,890 436.90 407.51 0.31 1.50 2.00
Pionierspark 5,780 534.50 481.67 0.32 1.88 2.50
Prosperita 10,598 1032.99 883.14 0.36 3.43 4.50
Rocky Crest 5,238 484.51 436.50 0.32 1.88 2.50
Wanaheda 5,425 490.26 452.11 0.32 1.88 2.50

Windhoek
Central / 5,826 527.82 485.46 0.32 1.88 2.50
North / West
Data for Lafrenz and Prosperita Townships are for information purposes and should not be considered for
planning and design of residential networks.
Page 41

CoW Electricity Department Planning & Design Guidelines For New Urban Land Developments

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CoW Electricity Department Planning & Design Guidelines For New Urban Land Developments

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Department of Electricity

PLANNING AND DESIGN GUIDELINES

FOR NEW URBAN LAND DEVELOPMENTS

Date of First Issue: November 2020

i. TERMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

High Voltage Shall mean a voltage of more than 44000V (RMS)

Low Voltage Shall mean a voltage of 1000V (RMS) or less.

ABBREVIATION FULL NAME

ACSR Aluminium Conductor Steel Reinforced

ADMD After Diversity Maximum Demand

AIS Air Insulated Switchgear

BTU Battery Tripping Unit

CBR Californian Bearing Ratio

CoW City of Windhoek

DSP Domestic Supply Point (Consumer Metering Point)

ABBREVIATION FULL NAME

IED Intelligent Electronic Device

EIA Environmental Impact Assessment

EMP Environmental Management Plan

ECB Electricity Control Board of Namibia

HPS High Pressure Sodium

HDPE High-Density Polyethylene

kVA Kilovolt Ampere

LED Light Emitting Diode

ABBREVIATION FULL NAME

M/Sub 11000 Volt / 415 Volt Miniature Substation

MVA Megavolt Ampere

NECRT Neutral Earth Compensator

OHL Overhead Line

OLTC On Load Tap Changer

ONAN Oil Natural Air Natural

OPGW Optical Pilot Ground Wire

PILC-DSTA Paper Insulated Lead Covered Double Steel Tape Armoured

PVC Polyvinyl Chloride

SANS South African National Standard

ABBREVIATION FULL NAME

RMS Root Mean Square

XLPE Cross Linked Polyethylene

The objectives of these guidelines are to:

The principles of these guidelines are set out below:

The outcomes of these Guidelines will ensure the following:

(iii) Fast and effective service delivery to Customers

(iv) Reduced administrative and auditing overheads; and

(v) Directly attributable costs are allocated to Customers

7. RELATED ACTS, REGULATIONS AND POLICIES

(i) Electricity Act, No. 4 of 2017

(ii) Local Authorities Act, No. 23 of 1992

(iii) Municipality of Windhoek Electricity Supply Regulations

(v) Approved City of Windhoek Connection Charge Policy

(vi) Approved City of Windhoek Metering Policy

(vii) Approved City of Windhoek Protection Philosophy

(viii) Approved City of Windhoek Spatial Development Plan

(ix) Approved City of Windhoek Electricity Master Plan

(x) Latest Revision of SANS 10142-1

(xi) Latest Revision of SANS 10142-2

(xii) Latest Revision of SANS 507-1 / NRS 034-1

(xiii) Latest Revision of NRS 048-2

8. PLANNING AND DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS

8.1 Load Forecasting

• Urban Development Total Projected Load

• Voltage Drop over MV & LV Feeder Cables; and

• Connection Contribution Charges Payable