3 III Final Final Format

Republic of the Philippines
CARAGA Administrative Region

Tandag City Division
JACINTO P. ELPA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Capitol Hills, Telaje, Tandag City
The Title should be in Sentence-case (Capitalize First Letter of Every

Noun), Bold, Times New Roman, Font 14, Aligned Center, Five Space
from Top Margin and should Follow Inverted
Pyramid Format
_____________________________________________
A Research Proposal in Senior High Department

submitted as partial fulfillment of the requirements
in Practical Research 2
____________________________________________________
Full Name 1
Full Name 2
__Full Name 3__
Researchers
____________________________________________________
ZYX RAXIE R. CUARTERO, EdD
Research Adviser
June 2023
1
CERTIFICATE OF APPROVAL
This research attached hereto, titled “TITLE IN UPPERCASE”, prepared and
submitted by NAME IN UPPERCASE* as a requirement for Inquiries, Investigations,
and Immersion.
ZYX RAXIE R. CUARTERO, EdD

Research Adviser
Approved as research project for Inquiries, Investigations, and Immersion by the
Research Committee.
__________________________ __________________________
Research Panel Research Panel
__________________________
Chairman
Accepted as research project for Inquiries, Investigations, and Immersion by the
School Principal.
__________________________ ___EVELYN C. BANDOY,

EdD___
Date Principal IV
2
ABSTRACT
A good abstract is accurate, non-evaluative, coherent and readable, and concise
(APA 6th Edition). The research abstract is counted as page ii (lowercase Roman numeral)
with a running head or abbreviated title. The word abstract should be in upper letters
centered at the top of the page in bold format. The justified abstract should be a single
paragraph without paragraph indention. The abstract is a brief summary of the research
study, totaling from 150 to 250 words. It should be written in past tense when referring to
the conduct of the study (e.g. “Results showed that...”, “The participants of the study
were
composed of...”); but in present tense when referring to ideas, concepts or implications
derived from the research study (e.g. The findings imply that...”). Consider writing the
abstract after the paper has been completed. Abstract should contain the following:
Keywords (maybe 3 to 4 keywords after the abstract); one sentence statement of the
problem or research question; brief description of the subjects or participants (identify
how many and any relevant characteristics); brief description of the research methods and
procedures; basic findings/report of the results, including effect, sizes, and confidence
interval and/or statistical significance levels; and conclusions and implications or
applications.
Keywords: Abstract, Research, Guide
3
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
This is an optional section. The word ACKNOWLEDGMENT should be written
in bold, uppercase and at the center. The justified paragraph should express the student’s
gratitude and appreciation for all the assistance made and given by special individuals,
institution, organization etc. that are not mentioned in the research paper but have made
an important contribution to the student’s research study. This section contains
paragraphs with single indention. Pagination below should be iii with a condensed form
of the title at the upper-right corner same format with the previous pages. Double spacing
with no space before and after the paragraph.
4
DEDICATION
This is an optional section. It should be one-page dedication and the word DEDICATION
need not appear on the page, the text should be centered. The page contains the names of
people special to the researcher, e.g family, friends, other closed relatives, who inspired
and helped the researcher to finish and complete his/her research paper. Pagination below
should be iv with a condensed form of the title at the upper-right corner same format with
the previous pages. Double spacing with no space before and after the paragraph.
J. Dela Cruz
5
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page …………………………………………………………….. i

Approval Sheet ……………………………………………………….. ii
Abstract ………………………………………………………………. iii
Acknowledgments (optional) ..………………………………………. iv
Dedication (optional) ………………………………………………… v
Table of Contents …………………………………………………….. vi
List of Tables …………………………………………………………. vii
List of Figures ………………………………………………………… viii
List of Appendices ……………………………………………………. ix
Chapter 1. THE PROBLEM & ITS BACKGROUND …………….. 1

1.1 Introduction ………………………………………………… 1
1.2 Theoretical/Conceptual Framework ……………………….. 4
1.3 Statement of the Problem (and hypotheses if applicable) …. 5
1.4 Significance of the Study ………………………………….. 6
1.5 Scope and Delimitation of the Study ……………………… 7
1.6 Definition of Terms ……………………………………….. 8
Chapter 2. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE ……………… 9
Chapter 3. RESEARCH METHODS ……………………………….. 10

3.1 Research Design …………………………………………… 10
3.2 Participants of the Study ………………………………….. 11
3.3 Setting of the Study ……………………………………….. 12
3.4 Research Instrument ………………………………………. 13
3.5 Data Gathering Procedure ……………………………….… 14
3.6 Data Analysis ……………………………………………… 15
Chapter 4. PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS &

INTERPRETATION OF DATA ………………………… 16
Chapter 5. SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS &

RECOMMENDATIONS ………………………………… 17
References ……………………………………………………………… 18
6
Appendix ………………………………………………………………. 19
Curriculum Vitae ……………………………………………………… 20
LIST OF TABLES
Tables Table Title Page
3.2.1 Distribution of Samples per Stratum among Grade 12 Students 11
of Agusan del Sur National High School
3.6.1 Likert Scale for Mean Analysis 15
4.1.1 Table Name 16
4.1.2 Table Name 17
4.1.3. Table Name 18
The example above shows that the table number is written in the first column,
followed by the Table Title in upper and lower case, and the page is written in the third
column. The List of Table is applicable only for at least 5 tables existing in the
manuscript. Single space, and each entry should be separated by one vertical space.
7
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure Figure Title Page
1 Schematic Diagram of the 4
Conceptual Framework
2 Map of Agusan del Sur 7
3 Figure Title 8
4 Figure Title 9
The example above shows that the figure number is written in the first column,
followed by the Figure Title in upper and lower case, and the page is written in the third
column. The List of Figures is applicable only for at least 5 figures existing in the
manuscript. Single space, and each entry should be separated by one vertical space.
8
LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix Appendix Title Page
A Letter to the Principal 20
B Letter to the School Senior High School Coordinator 21
C Research Instrument 22
D Letter to the Validator 23
E Validation Tool for Research Instrument 24
F Curriculum Vitae 25
The example above shows that the appendix letter is written in the first column, followed
by the Appendix Title in upper and lower case, and the page is written in the third
column. Single space, and each entry should be separated by one vertical space.
9
Chapter 1
THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND
Introduction
A good Introduction follows an inverted pyramid of writing the
background of the study. The first paragraph defines the issue/ problem/
subject of the study. The first paragraph also contains the global or broad
perspective. You can cite authors or situations from the different published
sources. Do not forget to write the author and the date the material was
published by enclosing them inside the parenthesis (Dela Cruz, 2010). If you
don’t want to use the parenthesis to cite the source, you may also directly
state the source. Example, “According to Dela Cruz in 2010,…or According
to Dela Cruz (2010)”.
The next section contains the international and local perspective of
your research. Begin with a phrase or sentence that will maintain the
coherence of your composition. Example, In the Philippines”. The following
paragraph(s) contain/s the local perspective of your research. You may
narrow down from the national perspective in the second paragraph, to
10
regional, then provincial, lastly to your specific locale. Example, “In the
Municipality of San Francisco, one of the municipalities of Caraga,… or In
Agusan del Sur National High School, one of the secondary schools in
Agusan del Sur,… ”.
For this paragraph, talk about the gap in which your research wishes
to address. Cite studies, figures, statistics that identifies your research
questions. Use data from reliable news articles, surveys.
Wrapping all the situations from global, national, and local
perspectives, state the necessity of conducting your research. Make sure that
the reader will be convinced on the importance of your research by the well-
established prepositions in the first, second, and third paragraphs. You may
also add paragraphs, but always make sure that the last paragraph is for the
importance of conducting the study in your chosen locale.
Theoretical Framework
Cite theories that you used in establishing your research. State the
theory, its author/proponent, its principle, and how it is used in the context
11
of your study. The discussion should be at the context of your study and not
on the mere definition of the theory.
Conceptual Framework
Figure 1. Schematic Diagram of the Conceptual Framework
12
Next page after the diagram is the paragraph which discusses your
own concept. Remember that the Conceptual Framework is the blueprint of
your study. Explain each variable of your diagram or figure, including some
important processes that you will involve. Also include how the variables
interplay with each other. You may use polygons and/or arrows for your
diagram. The diagram is usually “Figure 1” in your study. You may begin
with, “The figure above shows”.
Statement of the Problem
Begin by stating the main or general objective (in declarative form) of the
study in one to two sentences followed by the specific problems (in
interrogative form). Make sure that your specific problems are specific,
measurable, attainable, realistic, and time-bounded. Example of main
objective, “This study aims to develop a research manual that will be the
13
basis for teachers and students in writing research manuscript. Specifically,
the
study sought to answer the following questions:
1. Specific Problem 1
2. Specific Problem 1
Scope and Limitation of the Study
This section discusses the perimeter of the study such as the time
frame, place where the study will be conducted, the variables involved, and
limitations. The first paragraph should discuss about the 3Ws, starting with:
where the study will be conducted; then what is the timeframe; and who are
the people involved or subject of interest.
The second paragraph begins with main objective of the study and the
variables under study to attain the research objective. After enumerating the
variables, emphasize that other factor that may intervene the results are not
under study. Example “Other factors not stated in this section are beyond the
scope of this study”.
14
Significance of the Study
The first paragraph states the general significance of the study or the
purpose of conducting the study. You may establish a paragraph by thinking
what or who will benefit the conclusions of your study. After the paragraph,
enumerate the persons and discuss the specifics on how can they be
benefitted. You may state this way, “Moreover, this study is beneficial to the
following:”.
These are example entities only, add group of people who will benefit from
your study.
Students. In what way will they benefit from this study?
Teachers. In what way will they benefit from this study?
School Administration. In what way will they benefit from this
study?
Parents. In what way will they benefit from this study?
Future Researchers. In what way will they benefit from this study?
15
Definition of Terms
On this part of your research, define the key terms operationally that
you have used in your study.
Term 1 - terms should be in sentence case, bold, and flash left.
Definitions should be defined conceptually or operationally. Terms should
be arranged alphabetically.
Moringa oleifera - terms in scientific name should have the same
formatting as mentioned above but the term should be italicized. If definition
is long, the proceeding lines should be indented once to emphasize the term
being defined.
16
Chapter 2
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Related Literature
Texts gathered from varied sources should not be copied directly to
avoid plagiarism. They should be rephrased and sources should be labeled
based on the APA 6th edition format. (Dela Cruz, 2018)
“If there are statements or direct quotation that you want to include in
your Chapter 2, do not revise the statement. Instead, write it directly in an
inclosing quotation mark, and indent the entire statement. After the
statement, write the source.” (Makiling, 2018)
Foreign
17
Local
Related Studies
In this section, you will write findings from related studies that might
be important in substantiating your findings in Chapter 4. They should be
rephrased and sources should be labeled based on the APA 6th edition
format. (Dela Cruz, 2018)
Foreign
Local
Synthesis
Your synthesis should contain the summary of your entire readings
including the gap or the necessity of conducting your study. This will
encapsulate your readings both foreign an international.
18
Chapter 3
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Related Design
The first sentence of this section states the research design whether
experimental, correlational, descriptive, quantitative, qualitative or
combination, historical, etc. which you are using in your study. This will be
followed by sentences that will support your chosen research design. You
may do this by explaining why you chose this design or by explaining what
procedure or instrument you are using for this design.
Research Respondents
In this section, you will explain the respondents or participants of the
study, and provide reasons of your choice. You will then write the sampling
19
procedure that you employed in this study and its method of identifying the
samples. If you are using Probabilistic Sampling (Simple Random Sampling,
Stratified Random Sampling, Cluster Sampling, etc.), state the formula and
the margin of error that you will consider in identifying the samples. If you
are using Non-probabilistic Sampling (Purposive Sampling, Snowball
Sampling, etc.), discuss the criteria that you considered in choosing your
samples or respondents. The next paragraph tells the table showing the
sample distribution below (except for Non-probabilistic Sampling).
No. of Students
Section Sample Total
per class
xxx
xxx
xxx
xxx
TOTAL
20
Table 1. Distribution of Research Respondents
Research Setting
Write the place or locale where you are going to conduct your study
and explain the reason why you chose this setting. Insert map if necessary,
the map should be labeled “Figure 2. Research Setting”.
Research Instrument
Begin by discussing what type of instrument you are using, and
describe the contents of this instrument and what data can be extracted using
this instrument. Indicate whether you designed it or adopted it. Do not forget
to mention the source for instruments that were adopted. Discuss also the
validation procedures and the reliability of your instrument.
Data Gathering Procedure
21
The first paragraph talks about the preliminary procedures done by the
researchers before gathering the data. This includes the preparation and
distribution of intent letters to the different concerned offices/agencies.
The second paragraph discusses the mining of data using the
instruments developed and/or adopted to the target respondents. You should
be able to enumerate the procedures from setting the respondents,
distribution of materials up to the retrieval of instrument.
The last paragraph indicates the proper handling of data extracted
from the respondents by keeping the data anonymous and/or confidential.
Statistical Treatment of the Data
This section discusses the statistical tools and data analysis techniques
employed in your study.
Mean. Begin enumerating by indenting once the paragraph and write
the statistical tool you are using (example above is “Mean”). It should be in
sentence case and in bold format. The following sentences will then discuss
22
the tool at the context of your study. Meaning you should not define the
statistical tool, rather discuss it in context.
t-test. If there are plenty of statistical tools that should be discussed,
enumerate them one by one and discuss them at the context of your study.
Chapter 4
PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
This chapter includes the presentation, analysis, and interpretation of
data gathered. The sequence of the discussion for this chapter is based on
how the problems are set in chapter one.
This is the title of the first question of your Statement of the
Problem
Indicators Percentile Adjectival Rating
1. Statement 1
2. Statement 2
23
3. Statement 2
Table 3. Table of the first question of your Statement of the Problem
Table 4.1.1 shows the format of the table in Chapter 4 which is similar
to the table formats in the previous chapters. The table number is in sentence
case and bold format. Example above is “Table 4.1.1”. The next line will be
the name of the table in sentence case. The table number and table name
have a single spacing with no space after the paragraph. The first paragraph
is the interpretation of data. You may do this by grouping all similar results
(example: The table above shows that items number 1, 2, and 5 are strongly
agree with mean scores 3.94, 3.50 and 4.00, respectively. This means that
the students find the research manual very easy to use.), you may also
interpret the data by citing only the highest three and highest low, especially
if you have a long list of items or provisions.
The second paragraph is the discussion of the interpreted results. You
may do this by revisiting your Chapter 2 for related phenomenon that may
explain the similarity of your findings. Example: “The students find the
24
research manual very easy to use because examples on how to write the
specific sections in the research paper are present. This is because examples
provide concrete reference and elaboration of a concept as mentioned by
Dela Cruz (2018)”.
CHAPTER 5
SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS
This chapter presents a summary of the study including the findings,
the conclusions drawn from the findings, and the researcher’s
recommendations.
Summary
See to it that the summary of findings is presented in a concise/brief
manner. First, write the general objective of your study followed by a short
description of your research method (research design, sampling technique,
25
and data analysis) that will be caried out to attain or to answer your main
question.
Findings
The following findings are obtained based on the analysis and
interpretation of data.
1. Findings, in sentence case, should be written in bold right after the
summary. It has no section number since it is a part of the summary. The
title will then be followed by a short introductory sentence such as “The
following findings are obtained based on the analysis and interpretation of
data”.
2. Findings are the results of your analysis in chapter 4. Each finding
should be in order based on how you presented them in the previous chapter.
You should not repeat what you have written in the previous chapter.
Instead, rephrase each of them in direct, clear, and concise sentence(s).
3. Each finding should be numbered, sentence case, flash left.
26
Conclusions
Based on the findings above, the following conclusions are drawn:
1. Keep in mind that in drawing conclusions it should be based on the
results/findings of your study (i.e. given one or two or more findings for
research problem number one, what conclusion/s can you derive).
2. Conclusions are not just repeating your findings but abstractions of
the summary of findings.
3. Numerical values (e.g. mean, standard deviation, t value, F ratio,
etc.) should no longer be reported in this chapter since they have already
been presented in the previous chapter.
4. See to it that your conclusions are tied to the research questions of
your study.
5. Like the findings, each conclusion should be numbered, sentence
case, and flash left.
27
The conclusion section should begin with a short introductory
sentence. Example “Based on the findings above, the following conclusions
are drawn:”.
Recommendations
As synthesized from the findings and conclusions, the following
recommendations were made:
1. Like the findings and conclusions, recommendations should be
numbered, sentence case, and flash left. The recommendation section should
begin with a short introductory sentence. Example “As synthesized from the
findings and conclusions, the following recommendations were made:”.
2. Aside from recommendations, you can also give the implications or
possible applications of the results of your study.
3. You can also suggest future research possibilities vis-a-vis research
you conducted.
28
References Cited
Andreff, W. (2000). The evolving European model of professional sports
finance. Journal of Sports Economics, 1(3), 257–276.

https://doi.org/10.1177/152700250000100304
Brown, J. (2020). Perseverance. In E. M. Sanchez (Ed.), Merriam-Webster.
Merriam-Webster.
https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/perseverance
Sedgwick, E. K. (2003). Touching feeling: Affect, pedagogy, performativity.
Duke University Press.

http://www.bu.edu/honoringeve/files/2009/09/paranoid-reading-and-
reparative-reading.pdf
29
Slat, B. (2019, April 10). Whales likely impacted by Great Pacific garbage
patch. The Ocean Cleanup.

https://www.theoceancleanup.com/updates/whales-likely-impacted-
by-great-pacific-garbage-patch/
Appendix A
Letter to the School Principal
30
Appendix B
Letter to the School Senior High School Coordinator
31
Appendix C
Research Instrument
32
Appendix D
Letter to the Validator (If the instrument is Researcher Made)
33
Appendix E
Validation Tool for Research Instrument (If the instrument is Researcher
Made)
34
Appendix F
Curriculum Vitae
35
36

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Republic of the Philippines

CARAGA Administrative Region

The Title should be in Sentence-case (Capitalize First Letter of Every

A Research Proposal in Senior High Department

ZYX RAXIE R. CUARTERO, EdD

This research attached hereto, titled “TITLE IN UPPERCASE”, prepared and

submitted by NAME IN UPPERCASE* as a requirement for Inquiries, Investigations,

ZYX RAXIE R. CUARTERO, EdD

Approved as research project for Inquiries, Investigations, and Immersion by the

Accepted as research project for Inquiries, Investigations, and Immersion by the

__________________________ ___EVELYN C. BANDOY,

A good abstract is accurate, non-evaluative, coherent and readable, and concise

problem or research question; brief description of the subjects or participants (identify

interval and/or statistical significance levels; and conclusions and implications or

Keywords: Abstract, Research, Guide

This is an optional section. The word ACKNOWLEDGMENT should be written

an important contribution to the student’s research study. This section contains

with no space before and after the paragraph.

Title Page …………………………………………………………….. i

Chapter 1. THE PROBLEM & ITS BACKGROUND …………….. 1

Chapter 2. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE ……………… 9

Chapter 3. RESEARCH METHODS ……………………………….. 10

Chapter 4. PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS &

Chapter 5. SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS &

Tables Table Title Page

3.2.1 Distribution of Samples per Stratum among Grade 12 Students 11

of Agusan del Sur National High School

3.6.1 Likert Scale for Mean Analysis 15

4.1.1 Table Name 16

4.1.2 Table Name 17

4.1.3. Table Name 18

Figure Figure Title Page

1 Schematic Diagram of the 4

2 Map of Agusan del Sur 7

Appendix Appendix Title Page

A Letter to the Principal 20

B Letter to the School Senior High School Coordinator 21

D Letter to the Validator 23

E Validation Tool for Research Instrument 24

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

A good Introduction follows an inverted pyramid of writing the

state the source. Example, “According to Dela Cruz in 2010,…or According

to Dela Cruz (2010)”.

The next section contains the international and local perspective of

coherence of your composition. Example, In the Philippines”. The following

paragraph(s) contain/s the local perspective of your research. You may

narrow down from the national perspective in the second paragraph, to

Municipality of San Francisco, one of the municipalities of Caraga,… or In

Agusan del Sur,… ”.

to address. Cite studies, figures, statistics that identifies your research

questions. Use data from reliable news articles, surveys.

Wrapping all the situations from global, national, and local

importance of conducting the study in your chosen locale.

on the mere definition of the theory.

Figure 1. Schematic Diagram of the Conceptual Framework

own concept. Remember that the Conceptual Framework is the blueprint of

with, “The figure above shows”.

Statement of the Problem

study in one to two sentences followed by the specific problems (in

measurable, attainable, realistic, and time-bounded. Example of main

basis for teachers and students in writing research manuscript. Specifically,

study sought to answer the following questions:

Scope and Limitation of the Study

________________________ _EVELYN C. BANDOY,