B E V E R A G E S
Cleaning and Sanitizing
Procedures for the
Brewpore Caustic-Resistant ™
0.55 µm Cartridge Filters
This document presents several suggestions for cleaning regimes applicable to
filtration lines containing Brewpore caustic-resistant cartridge filters, protected
by a Polygard® prefiltration cartridge. These general guidelines are intended
An optimized cleaning regime to be used as suggestions for possible cleaning regimes, and do not constitute
is one that optimizes the filter a mandate.
longevity.
During any normal filtration process,
filters retain rigid particles (DE, resins,
crystals), colloids (glucans, pectines,
proteins, lipids) and microorganisms.
B R I E F
Generally the majority of rigid particles
and colloids and even microorganisms
are retained by the clarification filters.
Inorganic material like colloidal silica
and calcium carbonates that can be
T E C H N I C A L
found on all filters, usually comes from
inappropriately treated service water
used during cleaning, for example.
Rigid particles can be mechanically
removed from filters by flushing with
clean water, in the reverse direction
when filter construction permits.
Colloids are typically
removed by dissolution
with hot water or with
chlorine in the worst
case. While there is no
solution for silica,
carbonates can be
removed with citric
acid. Microorganisms
are removed by
destroying their cells
with hot water.
Hot caustic or caustic-based
chemicals are widely used for Clean-
in-place (CIP) by multiple industries,
and are efficient on a wide variety of
contaminants, but can be aggressive
 on some of the equipment and on the
filters in particular. The caustic-based
CIP suggested below are applicable
to the Brewpore cartridges and their
Polygard prefilters. For information on
the cleaning of other cartridge types,
please contact your Millipore
representative.
Cleaning maintains filter process
performance, removing particles,
colloids, and cell debris from clogged
surfaces and preventing biofilms from
forming on the filters and hardware
surfaces. Sanitization is intended
specifically to kill microorganisms.
The optimal maintenance regimen
will combine cleaning and sanitization
operations to get the highest filter
performance, to prevent the growth
of microorganisms trapped in the
filtration system overtime, and to keep
the microorganism level at a minimum
upstream and downstream of the filters.
A successful cleaning and sani-
tization regime will depend on:
• the frequency of cleaning and
sanitization
• the temperature of the water
and/or the solutions
• the concentration of the active
ingredients
• the contact time of the solutions
with the filters and surfaces, as
well as the flow rates
• the type of contaminants and
microorganisms present
• an appropriate filtration of
the cleaning fluids
Storage is done when a filtration
system is cleaned and sanitized to
prevent microorganism growth and
formation of biofilms due to potential
recontamination from the external
environment. For extended periods of
storage such as weekend shutdowns,
add an appropriate sanitant to water
left in the filtration system or drain the
water from the filtration system and
pressurize with nitrogen until the next
process run.
Recommendations
A standard Clean-In-Place (CIP)
procedure followed by a sanitization
step is recommended prior to testing
and operating the filters, including at
start-up. A standard caustic-based CIP
regime, applicable to Brewpore
cartridges is suggested below. For
information on the cleaning of other
cartridge types, please contact your
Millipore representative. Caution: all
general cleaning recommendations
apply, and in particular:
• Use all necessary safety measures
to protect the operators from
incidents with hazardous liquids
involved in the cleaning steps
• The make-up water must at least be
softened and filtered on a 0.5 µm
prefilter (Clarigard® filters for
example), and preferably deionized
or treated by reverse osmosis and
filtered on a 0.2 µm membrane
filter (Vitipore filters for example).
2
• Filtering the cleaning fluids with
a 0.5 µm prefilter (Clarigard filters
for example) is recommended. That
will prevent the cleaning fluids from
clogging the filter during the CIP.
Housing Maintenance
Periodically, complete disassembly of
housings is recommended for cleaning
or O-ring replacement.
• Before attempting to open
the housing:
– make sure there is no flow
through the unit.
– close inlet and outlet valves.
• Open both drains and the vent
valves to remove any trapped/ Cleaning Requirements and
pressurized fluid. Procedures
• Each housing must be cleaned
• Once the housing is fully disas-
separately to avoid contaminating
sembled, the O-rings should be
subsequent filters.
removed and visually inspected for
cracks or splits. The life expectancy • Flow, chemical concentration and
of these gaskets will vary greatly ∆P across the filter need to be
depending on service conditions, accurately monitored.
such as type of fluid, temperature • If ∆P restrictions apply, these
and pressure. Any seal with restrictions should be followed.
apparent damage should be When no specific ∆P is indicated,
replaced immediately. the ∆P during CIP should never
• It is recommended that a preventive exceed 3000 mbar in forward
maintenance schedule for gasket flow and 500 mbar in reverse
replacement be considered. At a flow across the filters.
minimum, all gaskets should be • Unless otherwise specified, the
inspected annually as part of a flow rates should be at least the
validated cleaning/maintenance same as the process flow rates
procedure. (in forward flow).
• Consider spare part inventory • When filling operation is over,
for each and every part of the remove the beer from the filtration
operation of the housings and system by pushing with nitrogen or
filters to avoid downtime. filtered water.
Cleaning Requirements and Procedures
Polygard Cartridges
Flow Flow per 30 in.
Operation Temperature Direction Time (min) cartridge in Lph (gpm)

Suggested Daily Regime

Cold water to rinse out beer Room temperature Forward 5 > 300 (> 1.3)
Hot water to dissolve organics 60 °C Reverse 15 300 (1.3)
Note: check the filtrate clarity and differential pressure
Cold water to cool system Room temperature Forward as necessary > 300 (> 1.3)
Note: skip this step if sanitization will follow

Suggested Weekly Regime

Cold water to rinse out beer Room temperature Forward 5 > 300 (> 1.3)
Hot water to dissolve organics 60 °C Reverse 20 300 (1.3)
Note: check the filtrate clarity and differential pressure
Hot caustic 1% NaOH
to regenerate filter 60 °C Reverse 20 300 (1.3)
Note: check the filtrate clarity and differential pressure
Hot water to remove caustics 60 °C Forward 20 300 (1.3)
Note: check the filtrate clarity and differential pressure
Cold water to cool system Room temperature Forward 5 > 300 (> 1.3)
Note: skip this step if sanitization will follow

Brewpore Cartridges
Flow Flow per 30 in.
Operation Temperature Direction Time (min) cartridge in Lph (gpm)

Suggested Daily Regime

Cold water to rinse out beer Room temperature Forward 5 > 300 (> 1.3)
Hot water to dissolve organics 60 °C Forward 15 300 (1.3)
Note: check the filtrate clarity and differential pressure
Cold water to cool system Room temperature Forward as necessary > 300 (> 1.3)
Note: skip this step if sanitization will follow

Suggested Weekly Regime

Cold water to rinse out beer Room temperature Forward 5 > 300 (> 1.3)
Hot water to dissolve organics 60 °C Forward 20 300 (1.3)
Note: check the filtrate clarity and differential pressure
Hot caustic 1% NaOH
to regenerate filter 60 °C Forward 20 300 (1.3)
Note: check the filtrate clarity and differential pressure
Hot water to remove caustics 60 °C Forward 20 300 (1.3)
Note: check the filtrate clarity and differential pressure
Cold water to cool system Room temperature Forward 5 > 300 (> 1.3)
Note: skip this step if sanitization will follow

3
Sanitization Requirements
and Procedure
Sanitization cycle can be done on the
entire filtration system at once, immed-
iately after cleaning. If cleaning is
conducted with 80 °C water, then
the filters have been sanitized. Please
refer to table below for flow rates,
when using 80 °C water.
∆P across housings during saniti-
zation should not exceed 200 mbar
to avoid filter failure; close valve
downstream to reduce pressure drop
across the housing.

Service fluid Temperature Time (min) Max ∆P mbar

Hot water 80 °C 30 200 (3 psi)
Steam 109 °C 30 100 (1.5 psi)

Sanitization is ideally conducted

immediately after the cleaning oper-
ation with hot water is completed,
since the housing and filters are
already at high temperature. During
sanitization, the flow rates are low,
since the objective is simply to main-
tain the housings at the desired
temperature.

Flow Flow per 30 in.

Operation Temperature Direction Time (min) cartridge in Lph (gpm)
Fill housing with hot water
to rapidly bring the system to T° 80 °C Forward as necessary 180 (0.8)
Maintain the system at temperature
• pressure < 200 mbar 80 °C Forward 30 30 (0.12)
Note: Leave housing filled with hot water until the next filling operation, but maximum 24 hours

Contact Millipore for further assistance with setting-up your filtration train or the cleaning regime.

4
Testing the Efficiency of the
Cleaning Regime
Flow versus pressure drop value across
a filter device using any liquid is a
constant for a given new filter. During
use, as the filter gradually clogs with
retained material, the pressure drop
across the device increases for a
constant flow, or the flow drops at
a constant inlet pressure.
By recording the initial flow versus
pressure data, in any reproducible
condition, and comparing later values
obtained in the same conditions, it is
therefore possible to determine how
clean the filter is.
Reproducible test conditions are
usually obtained when the following
parameters do not change:
• liquid viscosity
• temperature
• housing configuration
• liquid type (beer, water, etc.)
As a direct consequence, by
recording flow and pressure values for
a given housing and set of cartridges,
immediately after the cleaning regime,
it is easy to assess the performance of
the cleaning regime. If the flow versus
pressure values are equal to those
obtained after the first cleaning cycle,
and close to those values obtained
before the first cleaning cycle–when
the cartridges were new–then we
can conclude the cleaning regime is
efficient. However, if over time,
immediately after cleaning, the flow
values drop for a same inlet pressure,
5
or if the pressure drop increases at the
same flow, then the cleaning regime
only partly regenerates the filter. The
lifetime of the filter set will be limited
by its capacity, i.e. will end when the
flow becomes insufficient for the
process.
Flow versus pressure data for each
Millipore filtration device is obtained
with water at 25 °C as is reported on
each product datasheet.
Balancing Cleaning Efficiency
with Other Constraints
If a 100% cleaning efficiency is
obtained through a "drastic" cleaning
regime, the downside can be:
• increased process downtime,
due to long cleaning cycles
• increased consumption of cleaning
fluids (heat, chemicals, etc.)
• shortened filter device life time
For example, overnight storage in a
hot solution of 2% caustic will stress
the components of the filtration device,
even if each of these components is
listed as compatible with caustic.
That stress may be reduced by
conducting a 30 minute cleaning
cycle with 1.5% caustic, followed
by a hot water rinse and overnight
storage in hot water.
In an aggressive cleaning regime,
the lifetime of the filter set will be
limited by the cartridge robustness,
i.e. the cartridge set will need to be
replaced when the first cartridge fails
the integrity test.
Conclusion
An optimized cleaning regime is one
that optimizes the filter longevity, by
balancing cleaning efficiency with
the stress generated by the CIP.
A large number of parameters
influence the optimum filter cleaning
regime:
The Filtered Product
• The prefiltration e.g. DE, TFF,
trap filtration
• Protein content, PVPP, etc.
The Process
• Batch size
• Flow rate
• Downtime available for
cleaning between runs
• Storage conditions between
operations
The Filtration System
• Sizing of the filtration system
• Prefiltration train
• Efficiency and aggressivity
of the cleaning regime
Millipore technical specialists are
available to assist you in optimizing
your cleaning regime, and making
recommendations that will improve
your process economics.
 To Place an Order or Receive Technical Assistance
For additional information call your nearest Millipore office:
In the U.S. and Canada, call toll-free 1-800-MILLIPORE (1-800-645-5476)
In the U.S., Canada and Puerto Rico, fax orders to 1-800-MILLIFX
(1-800-645-5439)
Outside of North America contact your local office.
To find the office nearest you visit www.millipore.com/offices.
Internet: www.millipore.com
Technical Service: www.millipore.com/techservice

Millipore and Polygard are registered trademarks of Millipore Corporation.

Brewpore and Clarigard are trademarks of Millipore Corporation.

 Lit. No. TB1244EN00 Rev .- 3/04 04-042 Printed in U.S.A.

© 2004 Millipore Corporation, Billerica, MA 01821 U.S.A. All rights reserved.