‫ﻣﺘﺮﺟﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻧﺠﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ‪www.onlinedoctranslator.

com -‬‬

‫‪NFPA385‬‬
‫ﻣﻌﻴﺎﺭﻝ‬

‫ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺎﺕﺍﻟﺼﻬﺎﺭﻳﺞ ﻟﻠﺴﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﻻﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ‬

‫ﻃﺒﻌﺔ‪2007‬‬

‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕﺍﻟﻨﺸﺮ © ‪ 2007‬ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﻃﻨﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺤﺮﺍﺉﻖ‪ .‬ﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻫﺬﻩﺍﻟﻄﺒﻌﺔ ﻣﻦ ‪،NFPA 385‬ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺻﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻟﻤﺮﻛﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻬﺎﺭﻳﺞ ﻟﻠﺴﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ‬

‫ﻭﺍﻻﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕﺗﻢ ﺇﻋﺪﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﻴﺔ ﻟﻨﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ‪ .‬ﺗﻢ ﺇﺻﺪﺍﺭﻩ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻣﺠﻠﺲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻳﻴﺮﻓﻲ ‪ 1‬ﺩﻳﺴﻤﺒﺮ ‪ ،2006‬ﻭﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﻧﻔﺎﺫﻩ ﻫﻮ ‪ 20‬ﺩﻳﺴﻤﺒﺮ ‪ ،2006‬ﻭﻳﺤﻞ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻹﺻﺪﺍﺭﺍﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﻤﺖﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﻓﻘﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻌﺔ ﻣﻦ ‪ NFPA 385‬ﻛﻤﻌﻴﺎﺭ ﻭﻃﻨﻲ ﺃﻣﺮﻳﻜﻲ ﻓﻲ ‪ 20‬ﺩﻳﺴﻤﺒﺮ ‪.2006‬‬

‫ﺃﺻﻞﻭﺗﻄﻮﺭ ‪NFPA 385‬‬

‫ﺑﺪﺃﻣﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻳﻴﺮ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ ،1926‬ﻭﺗﻢ ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻌﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ ﻣﻦ ‪ NFPA 385‬ﺭﺳﻤﻴﺎً ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪.1929‬‬
‫ﻭﺗﻢﺗﻨﻘﻴﺢ ‪ NFPA 385‬ﻓﻲ ‪،1963 ،1960 ،1959 ،1958 ،1957 ،1955 ،1954 ،1953 ،1948 ،1933‬‬
‫‪ ،2000 ،1990 ،1985 ،1979 ،1974 ،1971 ،1966،1964‬ﻭ‪ .2006‬ﺍﻹﺻﺪﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ ﻟﻌﺎﻡ ‪ 1948‬ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬
‫ﻟﻬﺎﻋﻨﺎﻭﻳﻦ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺗﻀﻤﻨﺖﻃﺒﻌﺔ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ 2000‬ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺪﻳﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫)‪ (1‬ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻘﺤﺔ ﻟﻌﻼﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺬﻳﺮ‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ ‪3.4.5‬‬
‫)‪ (2‬ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻘﺤﺔ ﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺇﻃﻔﺎء ﺍﻟﺤﺮﻳﻖ ﻟﻤﺮﻛﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻬﺎﺭﻳﺞ‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ ‪6.3.1‬‬
‫ﺗﺘﻀﻤﻦﻃﺒﻌﺔ ‪ 2007‬ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺪﻳﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫)‪ (1‬ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻘﺤﺔ ﻟﺘﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻣﻊ ‪،NFPA 30‬ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﻻﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ‬

‫)‪ (2‬ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﺧﻄﺄ ﻓﻲ ‪) 6.3.1‬ﺍﻵﻥ ‪ (9.3.1‬ﻳﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﺘﺼﻨﻴﻒ ﻃﻔﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺮﻳﻖ‬

‫)‪ (3‬ﺍﺳﺘﻜﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﺟﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺮﻳﺮﻳﺔ ﻟﻼﻣﺘﺜﺎﻝ ﻟﻞﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺍﻷﺳﻠﻮﺏ ﻟﻮﺛﺎﺉﻖ ﺍﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﻴﺔ ‪NFPA‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔﺍﻟﻔﻨﻴﺔ ﻟﻨﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ‬

‫ﻭﺍﻳﺪﺟﻲ ﺩﻳﻬﻴﺖ‪،‬ﻛﺮﺳﻲ‬
‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕﺍﻟﻄﺒﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺸﺮ ‪NFPA‬‬

‫ﺷﺮﻛﺔﺃﺑﺎﺩﻏﻮﺳﺘﺎﺭ ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺴﺎﺕ ﺇﻳﺮﺍﻧﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﻭﺩﺓ‬ ‫‪www.atapars.com‬‬

‫‪www.atapars.com/NFPA-code/‬‬
 ‫ﺍﻹﻧﻘﺎﺫﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺤﺮﺍﺉﻖ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻘﺎﻃﻌﺔ ﻫﻴﻠﺰﺑﻮﺭﻭ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻮﺭﻳﺪﺍ ]‪[E‬‬

‫ﺟﻮﻥﺇﻝ ﻛﻮﻧﻠﻲ‪,‬ﺷﺮﻛﺔ ‪ ،.National Tank Truck Carriers Inc‬ﻓﻴﺮﺟﻴﻨﻴﺎ ]‪[U‬‬

‫ﺟﻮﻥﺭ‪ .‬ﻳﻮﺑﺎﻧﻜﺲ ﺍﻻﺑﻦ‪,‬ﺷﺮﻛﺔ [‪Loss Prevention Prevention Consultants, Inc., MS ]SE‬‬

‫ﺟﻴﻤﺲﺭ‪ .‬ﻛﻴﺘﺮﻳﻞ‪,‬ﺷﺮﻛﺔ [‪KSE, MA ]SE‬‬

‫ﺟﻴﻒﺳﻴﻤﺰ‪,‬ﺭﺍﺑﻄﺔ ﻣﺼﻨﻌﻲ ﻣﻘﻄﻮﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺣﻨﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﺮﺟﻴﻨﻴﺎ ]‪[M‬‬

‫ﺟﺎﻛﻮﺏﻓﺎﻟﺪﺷﻤﻴﺖ‪,‬ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻹﻃﻔﺎء ﺑﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﻛﻴﻨﻮﺷﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﺴﻜﻮﻧﺴﻦ ]‪[E‬‬

‫ﻣﺎﻳﻜﻞﺑﻲ ﻭﻳﻠﺴﻮﻥ‪,‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﺍﻷﻣﺮﻳﻜﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻧﻴﻮﺟﻴﺮﺳﻲ ]‪[I‬‬

‫ﺭﻭﺑﺮﺕﺏ‪ .‬ﺑﻴﻨﻴﺪﻳﺘﻲ‪,‬ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻇﻔﻴﻦ ‪NFPA‬‬

‫ﺗﻤﺜﻞﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺉﻤﺔ ﺍﻷﻋﻀﺎء ﻭﻗﺖ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺖ ﺍﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺺ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﺉﻲ ﻟﻬﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻌﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﻨﺬ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ‪،‬‬
‫ﺭﺑﻤﺎﺣﺪﺛﺖ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﻀﻮﻳﺔ‪ .‬ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﻣﻔﺘﺎﺡ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻨﻴﻔﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺠﺰء ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻔﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﻴﻘﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﻠﺤﻮﻇﺔ‪:‬ﺍﻟﻌﻀﻮﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔ ﻻ ﺗﺸﻜﻞ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺪ ﺫﺍﺗﻬﺎ ﻣﻮﺍﻓﻘﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻌﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻱ ﻭﺛﻴﻘﺔ ﺗﻀﻌﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲﻳﻌﻤﻞ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﻀﻮ‪.‬‬

‫ﻧﻄﺎﻕﺍﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔ‪:‬ﺗﺘﻮﻟﻰ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺆﻭﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﺎﺉﻖ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺨﺎﻃﺮ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺤﺮﺍﺉﻖﻭﺍﻻﻧﻔﺠﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺗﺒﻄﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻱ ﻟﻠﺴﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﻬﺎﺭﻳﺞﻭﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﻬﺎﺭﻳﺞ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺎﻭﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻤﻮﻟﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪NFPA385‬‬
‫ﻣﻌﻴﺎﺭﻝ‬
‫ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺎﺕﺍﻟﺼﻬﺎﺭﻳﺞ ﻟﻠﺴﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﻻﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ‬
‫ﻃﺒﻌﺔ‪2007‬‬
‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔﻫﺎﻣﺔ‪ :‬ﺗﻢ ﺗﻮﻓﻴﺮ ﻭﺛﻴﻘﺔ ‪ NFPA‬ﻫﺬﻩ ﻟﻼﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻣﻊ ﻣﺮﺍﻋﺎﺓ ﺍﻹﺷﻌﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻤﺔ ﻭﺇﺧﻼء‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺆﻭﻟﻴﺔﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﺗﻈﻬﺮ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻹﺷﻌﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﺇﺧﻼءﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺆﻭﻟﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺸﻮﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬
‫ﺗﺤﺘﻮﻱﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﻴﻘﺔ ﻭﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺜﻮﺭ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺗﺤﺖ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ "ﺇﺷﻌﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﺇﺧﻼءﺍﺕ ﻣﻬﻤﺔ‬
‫ﺑﺨﺼﻮﺹﻣﺴﺘﻨﺪﺍﺕ ‪ ."NFPA‬ﻭﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﺍﻟﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺑﻨﺎء ًﻋﻠﻰ ﻃﻠﺐ ﻣﻦ ‪ NFPA‬ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻻﻃﻼﻉﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪.www.nfpa.org/disclaimers‬‬
‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ‪:‬ﺗﺸﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺠﻤﻴﺔ )*( ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻢ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺤﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺸﻴﺮ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺮﺓ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺜﻮﺭﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺿﻴﺤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﻘﺮﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺤﻖ ﺃ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﺘﻢﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺑﺨﻼﻑ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺮﻳﺮﻳﺔ ﺑﻤﺴﻄﺮﺓ ﺭﺃﺳﻴﺔ ﺑﺠﺎﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺮﺓ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻭﻝ ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺣﺪﺙ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﻴﻴﺮ‪ .‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻀﻤﻴﻦ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﻋﺪ ﻛﻮﺳﻴﻠﺔ ﻣﺴﺎﻋﺪﺓ ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﺻﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ‪ .‬ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺣﺬﻑ ﻓﻘﺮﺓ ﻛﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ‪ ،‬ﺗﺘﻢ ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺤﺬﻑ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﻣﺰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﻲ)•( ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺒﻘﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦﺍﻟﻌﺜﻮﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺣﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺸﻮﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺟﻌﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ ‪ 2‬ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻠﺤﻖ ﺝ‪.‬‬

‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕﺍﻟﻄﺒﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺸﺮ ‪NFPA‬‬

‫ﺷﺮﻛﺔﺃﺑﺎﺩﻏﻮﺳﺘﺎﺭ ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺴﺎﺕ ﺇﻳﺮﺍﻧﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﻭﺩﺓ‬ ‫‪www.atapars.com‬‬

‫‪www.atapars.com/NFPA-code/‬‬
 ‫ﺝ ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ‪ 1‬ﺍﻹﺩﺍﺭﺓ‬

‫‪1.1‬ﺍﻟﻨﻄﺎﻕ‪.‬‬

‫‪*1.1.1‬ﺗﻨﻄﺒﻖ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺻﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻛﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻬﺮﻳﺠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻧﻘﻞ ﺍﻷﺳﻔﻠﺖ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝﻭﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻧﻘﺎﻁ ﻭﻣﻴﻀﻬﺎ ﺃﻗﻞ ﻣﻦ ‪ 200‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻓﻬﺮﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ )‪ 93‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻣﺉﻮﻳﺔ(‪.‬‬

‫‪1.1.2‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻮﻓﺮ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺻﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﺍﻟﺤﺪ ﺍﻷﺩﻧﻰ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻭﺑﻨﺎء ﺻﻬﺎﺭﻳﺞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺉﻊﻭﻣﻠﺤﻘﺎﺗﻬﺎ ﻭﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺤﺪﺩ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﻤﺮﻛﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻬﺎﺭﻳﺞ‪.‬‬

‫‪1.1.3‬ﻻ ﺗﻤﻨﻊ ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺻﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻭﺳﺎﺉﻞ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺔ ﺇﺿﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﻟﻤﺮﻛﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻬﺎﺭﻳﺞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔﻓﻲ ﻧﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻟﻬﺎ ﺧﺼﺎﺉﺺ ﺗﺆﺩﻱ ﺇﻟﻰ‬
‫ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞﺇﺿﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺪﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﻤﺪﺩ ﻭﻋﺪﻡ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻘﺮﺍﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺂﻛﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻤﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪1.1.4‬ﺗﻨﻄﺒﻖ ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺻﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺳﻔﻠﺖ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻧﻘﺎﻁ ﻭﻣﻴﺾ ﺃﻗﻞ ﻣﻦ ‪100‬‬
‫ﺩﺭﺟﺔﻓﻬﺮﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ )‪ 37.8‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻣﺉﻮﻳﺔ( ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻘﻮﻟﺔ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺩﺭﺟﺎﺕ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﻣﺮﺗﻔﻌﺔ ﻓﻮﻕ ﻧﻘﺎﻁ‬
‫ﻭﻣﻴﻀﻬﺎ‪.‬‬

‫‪1.1.5‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺎﺕ ﺻﻬﺎﺭﻳﺞ ﺧﺪﻣﺔ ﻭﻗﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺉﺮﺍﺕ ﻣﺘﻮﺍﻓﻘﺔ ﻣﻊ ‪،NFPA 407‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻴﺎﺭﺍﻟﺨﺎﺹ ﺑﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﻭﻗﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺉﺮﺍﺕ‪.‬‬
‫‪1.1.6‬ﺗﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻛﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻬﺮﻳﺠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻨﻘﻞ ﺳﺎﺉﻼً ﻗﺎﺑﻼ ًﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ ﺃﻭ ﻗﺎﺑﻼ ًﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻮﻻﻳﺎﺕﻣﺘﻮﺍﻓﻘﺔ ﻣﻊ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻴﺎﺭ ﺃﺛﻨﺎء ﻭﺟﻮﺩﻫﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﻻﻳﺎﺕ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺗﻔﻲ ﺑﻤﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻞﺍﻷﻣﺮﻳﻜﻴﺔ ‪" ،CFR 171–179 49‬ﻟﻮﺍﺉﺢ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﺮﺓ"‪" .‬‬

‫‪1.2‬ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺽ‪.‬‬
‫ﻳﺠﺐﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺽ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺻﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻫﻮ ﺗﻮﻓﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻞ ﺍﻵﻣﻦ ﻟﻠﺴﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔﻟﻼﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻬﺎﺭﻳﺞ‪.‬‬

‫ﺝ ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ‪ 2‬ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺸﻮﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺟﻌﻴﺔ‬

‫‪2.1‬ﻋﺎﻡ‪.‬‬
‫ﻳﺘﻢﺍﻟﺮﺟﻮﻉ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻨﺪﺍﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺃﺟﺰﺍء ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﺭﺟﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ ﺿﻤﻦ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻴﺎﺭ ﻭﻳﺠﺐ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﻫﺎ‬
‫ﺟﺰءﺍًﻣﻦ ﻣﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﻴﻘﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪2.2‬ﻣﻨﺸﻮﺭﺍﺕ ‪.NFPA‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻄﺔﺍﻟﻮﻃﻨﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺤﺮﺍﺉﻖ‪ 1 ،‬ﺑﺎﺗﻴﺮﻳﻤﺎﺭﺵ ﺑﺎﺭﻙ‪ ،‬ﻛﻮﻳﻨﺴﻲ‪.MA 021697471 ،‬‬
‫ﺇﻥﺇﻑ ﺑﻲ ﺇﻳﻪ ‪،10‬ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺻﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺄﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺇﻃﻔﺎء ﺍﻟﺤﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻤﻮﻟﺔ‪،‬ﻃﺒﻌﺔ ‪.2007‬‬

‫‪NFPA58,‬ﻛﻮﺩ ﻏﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺒﺘﺮﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻝ‪،‬ﻃﺒﻌﺔ ‪.2004‬‬

‫‪NFPA70،‬ﺍﻟﻜﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺉﻲ ﺍﻟﻮﻃﻨﻲ®‪,‬ﻃﺒﻌﺔ ‪ .2005‬ﺣﻘﻮﻕ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻊﻭﺍﻟﻨﺸﺮ ‪NFPA‬‬

‫ﺷﺮﻛﺔﺃﺑﺎﺩﻏﻮﺳﺘﺎﺭ ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺴﺎﺕ ﺇﻳﺮﺍﻧﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﻭﺩﺓ‬ ‫‪www.atapars.com‬‬

‫‪www.atapars.com/NFPA-code/‬‬
 ‫‪NFPA407,‬ﻣﻌﻴﺎﺭ ﺧﺪﻣﺔ ﻭﻗﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺉﺮﺍﺕ‪،‬ﻃﺒﻌﺔ ‪.2007‬‬

‫‪2.3‬ﻣﻨﺸﻮﺭﺍﺕ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ‪.‬‬
‫‪2.3.1‬ﻣﻨﺸﻮﺭﺍﺕ ‪.ANSI‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻬﺪﺍﻷﻣﺮﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﻟﻮﻃﻨﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎﻳﻴﺮ‪ 25 ،‬ﻏﺮﺏ ﺷﺎﺭﻉ ‪ ،43‬ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻊ‪ ،‬ﻧﻴﻮﻳﻮﺭﻙ‪ ،‬ﻧﻴﻮﻳﻮﺭﻙ ‪.10036‬‬

‫ﺃﻧﺴﻲ‪،Z535.1‬ﺭﻣﺰ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﻵﻣﻦ‪.1998 ،‬‬

‫‪2.3.2‬ﻣﻨﺸﻮﺭﺍﺕ ‪.ASME‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻌﻴﺔﺍﻷﻣﺮﻳﻜﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻬﻨﺪﺳﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻴﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﺛﺮﻱ ﺑﺎﺭﻙ ﺃﻓﻴﻨﻴﻮ‪ ،‬ﻧﻴﻮﻳﻮﺭﻙ‪ ،‬ﻧﻴﻮﻳﻮﺭﻙ‬
‫‪.100165990‬‬
‫ﺭﻣﺰﺍﻟﻐﻼﻳﺎﺕ ﻭﺃﻭﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻂ‪.2004 ،‬‬
‫‪2.3.3‬ﻣﻨﺸﻮﺭﺍﺕ ‪.ASTM‬‬
‫‪، 100 Barr Harbour Drive، Box C700، West Conshohocken، PA194282959.‬‬
‫‪ASTM International‬‬

‫ﺃﺳﺘﻢﺏ ‪،209‬ﻣﻮﺍﺻﻔﺎﺕ ﺻﻔﺎﺉﺢ ﻭﺻﻔﺎﺉﺢ ﺍﻷﻟﻮﻣﻨﻴﻮﻡ ﻭﺳﺒﺎﺉﻚ ﺍﻷﻟﻮﻣﻨﻴﻮﻡ‪ ،‬ﻃﺒﻌﺔ ‪.1996‬‬

‫ﺃﺳﺘﻢﺩ ‪،5‬ﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﻟﻠﻤﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺘﻮﻣﻴﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻃﺒﻌﺔ ‪.1997‬‬

‫ﺃﺳﺘﻢﺩ ‪،323‬ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺿﻐﻂ ﺑﺨﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺘﺮﻭﻟﻴﺔ )ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺭﻳﺪ(‪ ،‬ﻃﺒﻌﺔ ‪.1999‬‬

‫‪2.3.4‬ﻣﻨﺸﻮﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺤﻜﻮﻣﺔ ﺍﻷﻣﺮﻳﻜﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﻜﺘﺐﺍﻟﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﻜﻮﻣﻲ ﺍﻷﻣﺮﻳﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺷﻨﻄﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺻﻤﺔ ‪.20402‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﺍﻥ‪ ،49‬ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺍﺉﺢ ﺍﻟﻔﻴﺪﺭﺍﻟﻴﺔ‪" ،‬ﻟﻮﺍﺉﺢ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﺮﺓ"‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﺟﺰﺍء ‪.179-171‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﺍﻥ‪ ،49‬ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺍﺉﺢ ﺍﻟﻔﻴﺪﺭﺍﻟﻴﺔ‪" ،‬ﻭﺍﻗﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻔﻴﺔ ﻭﺣﻤﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻷﻃﺮﺍﻑ ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻔﻴﺔ"‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺠﺰء‬
‫‪.393.86‬‬

‫‪2.3.5‬ﻣﻨﺸﻮﺭﺍﺕ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ‪.‬‬
‫ﻗﺎﻣﻮﺱ‪ MerriamWebster‬ﺍﻟﺠﻤﺎﻋﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺩﻳﺔ ﻋﺸﺮﺓ‪، Inc.، Springfield، MA، 2003 ،‬‬
‫‪.MerriamWebster‬‬

‫‪2.4‬ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺘﻄﻔﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﻗﺴﺎﻡ ﺍﻹﻟﺰﺍﻣﻴﺔ‪) .‬ﻣﺤﺠﻮﺯ(‬

‫ﺝ ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ‪ 3‬ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﺭﻳﻒ‬

‫‪3.1‬ﻋﺎﻡ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﻨﻄﺒﻖﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺭﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻴﺎﺭ‪ .‬ﺃﻳﻦ‬

‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕﺍﻟﻄﺒﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺸﺮ ‪NFPA‬‬

‫ﺷﺮﻛﺔﺃﺑﺎﺩﻏﻮﺳﺘﺎﺭ ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺴﺎﺕ ﺇﻳﺮﺍﻧﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﻭﺩﺓ‬ ‫‪www.atapars.com‬‬

‫‪www.atapars.com/NFPA-code/‬‬
 ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎﺕﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻔﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ ﺃﻭ ﻓﻲ ﻓﺼﻞ ﺁﺧﺮ‪ ،‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻔﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻣﻌﺎﻧﻴﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺒﻮﻟﺔﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﻕ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻓﻴﻪ‪ .‬ﻗﺎﻣﻮﺱ ‪ MerriamWebster‬ﺍﻟﺠﻤﺎﻋﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬
‫ﻋﺸﺮﺓ‪،‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺒﻮﻝ ﻋﺎﺩﺓ‪.‬‬

‫‪3.2‬ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻔﺎﺕ ‪ NFPA‬ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻤﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪*3.2.1‬ﻣﻮﺍﻓﻘﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﻘﺒﻮﻝ ﻟﺪﻯ ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺔ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺼﺎﺹ‪.‬‬
‫‪3.2.2‬ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻤﻰ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺪﺍﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻢ ﺇﺭﻓﺎﻕ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺭﻣﺰ ﺃﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﺑﻬﺎ ﻟﻤﻨﻈﻤﺔ‬
‫ﻣﻘﺒﻮﻟﺔﻟﺪﻯ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺔ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﺉﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌﻨﻴﺔ ﺑﺘﻘﻴﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺞ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺤﺎﻓﻆ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺤﺺ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭﻱﻹﻧﺘﺎﺝ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺪﺍﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺤﻤﻞ ﻋﻼﻣﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻭﺿﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻣﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺗﺸﻴﺮ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔﺍﻟﻤﺼﻨﻌﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻻﻣﺘﺜﺎﻝ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎﻳﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻷﺩﺍء ﺑﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﻣﺤﺪﺩﺓ‪.‬‬

‫‪*3.2.3‬ﻣﺪﺭﺝ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺪﺍﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺩ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺨﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﺭﺟﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻗﺎﺉﻤﺔ ﻣﻨﺸﻮﺭﺓ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻣﻨﻈﻤﺔ ﻣﻘﺒﻮﻟﺔ ﻟﺪﻯ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺔﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺼﺎﺹ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌﻨﻴﺔ ﺑﺘﻘﻴﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺨﺪﻣﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺤﺎﻓﻆ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺘﻴﺶ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭﻱ‬
‫ﻹﻧﺘﺎﺝﺍﻟﻤﻌﺪﺍﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﺭﺟﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻴﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭﻱ ﻟﻠﺨﺪﻣﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻨﺺ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺉﻤﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺪﺍﺕ‬
‫ﺃﻭﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺩ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﺗﻔﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻌﺎﻳﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺗﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﻭﺗﺒﻴﻦ ﺃﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ ﻟﻐﺮﺽ ﻣﺤﺪﺩ‪.‬‬

‫‪3.3‬ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻔﺎﺕ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪3.3.1‬ﻳﺮﺑﻚ‪ .‬ﻗﺴﻢ ﻋﺮﺿﻲ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺳﺎﺉﻞ ﻓﻲ ﺧﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺉﻊ‪.‬‬
‫‪3.3.2‬ﺣﺎﺟﺰ ﺇﻧﺸﺎﺉﻲ‪ .‬ﺇﻏﻼﻕ ﻋﺮﺿﻲ ﻣﺤﻜﻢ ﻟﻠﺴﺎﺉﻞ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺣﺠﺮﺍﺕ ﺧﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺉﻊ‪.‬‬
‫‪3.3.3‬ﺧﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺉﻊ‪ .‬ﻭﻷﻏﺮﺍﺽ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺻﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺃﻱ ﺧﺰﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻌﺔ ﺳﺎﺉﻠﺔ ﺗﺰﻳﺪ ﻋﻦ ‪110‬‬
‫ﺟﺎﻟﻮﻧﺎً)‪ 415‬ﻟﺘﺮﺍً( ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻟﻨﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﻻﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻷﺳﻔﻠﺖ ﻭﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻪ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ‬
‫ﺩﺍﺉﻢﺃﻭ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺔ ﺻﻬﺮﻳﺠﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﻯﺧﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺉﻊﻻ ﻳﻨﻄﺒﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻱ ﺣﺎﻭﻳﺔ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ‬
‫ﻓﻘﻂﻟﻐﺮﺽ ﺗﻮﻓﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﻮﺩ ﻟﺪﻓﻊ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻬﺮﻳﺞ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻢ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‪.‬‬

‫‪*3.3.4‬ﺳﺎﺉﻞ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ‪ .‬ﺃﻱ ﺳﺎﺉﻞ ﻟﺪﻳﻪ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﻭﻣﻴﺾ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻦ ‪ 100‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻓﻬﺮﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ )‪ 37.8‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻣﺉﻮﻳﺔ( ﻭﺃﻗﻞ ﻣﻦ ‪ 140‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ‬
‫ﻓﻬﺮﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ)‪ 60‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻣﺉﻮﻳﺔ(‪.‬‬

‫‪3.3.5‬ﺣﺠﺮﺓ‪ .‬ﻭﻷﻏﺮﺍﺽ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺻﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻳﻘُﺼﺪ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻧﻊ ﻟﻠﺴﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﻓﻲ ﺧﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺉﻊ‪.‬‬

‫‪*3.3.6‬ﺳﺎﺉﻞ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ‪ .‬ﺃﻱ ﺳﺎﺉﻞ ﻳﺤﺘﻮﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﻭﻣﻴﺾ ﻛﻮﺏ ﻣﻐﻠﻖ ﺃﻗﻞ ﻣﻦ ‪ 100‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻓﻬﺮﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ )‪ 37.8‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻣﺉﻮﻳﺔ(‬
‫ﻭﺿﻐﻂﺑﺨﺎﺭ ﺭﻳﺪ ﻻ ﻳﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯ ‪ 276‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮ ﺑﺎﺳﻜﺎﻝ )‪ 40‬ﺭﻃﻞ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺑﻮﺻﺔ ﻣﺮﺑﻌﺔ ﺃﻭ ‪ 2068‬ﻣﻠﻢ ﺯﺉﺒﻖ(‪.‬‬

‫‪*3.3.7‬ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﻣﻴﺾ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﺤﺪ ﺍﻷﺩﻧﻰ ﻟﺪﺭﺟﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﺒﻌﺚ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺉﻞ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺼﻠﺒﺔ ﺑﺨﺎﺭﺍً‬
‫ﻛﺎﻓﻴﺎًﻟﺘﻜﻮﻳﻦ ﺧﻠﻴﻂ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻬﻮﺍء ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺮﺏ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺉﻞ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺼﻠﺒﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪3.3.8‬ﺭﺃﺱ‪ .‬ﺇﻏﻼﻕ ﻋﺮﺿﻲ ﻣﺤﻜﻢ ﻟﻠﺴﺎﺉﻞ ﻓﻲ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ ﺧﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺉﻊ‪.‬‬

‫‪3.3.9‬ﺳﺎﺉﻞ‪ .‬ﺃﻱ ﻣﺎﺩﺓ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺳﻴﻮﻟﺔ ﺃﻛﺒﺮ ﻣﻦ ‪ 300‬ﺃﺳﻔﻠﺖ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻟﻼﺧﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﻃﺒﻘﺎ ًﻟﻠﻤﻮﺍﺻﻔﺔ‬
‫‪،ASTM D5‬ﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﻟﻠﻤﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺘﻮﻣﻴﻨﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪3.3.10‬ﺧﺰﺍﻥ‪.‬‬
‫‪3.3.10.1‬ﺧﺰﺍﻥ ﻣﻘﻄﻮﺭﺓ ﻛﺎﻣﻠﺔ‪ .‬ﺃﻱ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺔ ﻣﺰﻭﺩﺓ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﻗﻮﺓ ﺩﺍﻓﻌﺔ ﻣﺴﺎﻋﺪﺓ‪ ،‬ﻣﺤﻤﻴﺔ ﺑﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻊ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺸﺮ‪NFPA‬‬

‫ﺷﺮﻛﺔﺃﺑﺎﺩﻏﻮﺳﺘﺎﺭ ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺴﺎﺕ ﺇﻳﺮﺍﻧﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﻭﺩﺓ‬ ‫‪www.atapars.com‬‬

‫‪www.atapars.com/NFPA-code/‬‬
 ‫ﻣﻊﺧﺰﺍﻥ ﺑﻀﺎﺉﻊ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺃﻭ ﻣﺒﻨﻲ ﻛﺠﺰء ﻻ ﻳﺘﺠﺰﺃ ﻣﻨﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻟﻨﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝﻭﺍﻻﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻷﺳﻔﻠﺖ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﺒﻨﻲ ﺑﺤﻴﺚ ﻳﻘﻊ ﻛﻞ ﻭﺯﻧﻪ ﻭﺣﻤﻮﻟﺘﻪ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﺎً ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺠﻼﺗﻪ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪3.3.10.2‬ﺧﺰﺍﻥ ﻧﺼﻒ ﻣﻘﻄﻮﺭﺓ‪ .‬ﺃﻱ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺔ ﺫﺍﺕ ﻗﻮﺓ ﺩﺍﻓﻌﺔ ﻣﺴﺎﻋﺪﺓ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺪﻭﻧﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﺠﻬﺰﺓ ﺑﺨﺰﺍﻥ ﺑﻀﺎﺉﻊ‬
‫ﻣﺜﺒﺖﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺃﻭ ﻣﺒﻨﻲ ﻛﺠﺰء ﻻ ﻳﺘﺠﺰﺃ ﻣﻨﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻟﻨﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ‬
‫ﺃﻭﺍﻷﺳﻔﻠﺖ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﺒﻨﻴﺔ ﺑﺤﻴﺚ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺳﺤﺒﻬﺎ ﺑﻮﺍﺳﻄﺔ ﺟﺮﺍﺭ ﺑﻮﺍﺳﻄﺔ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﺠﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻣﺴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ‬
‫ﻳﻘﻊﺟﺰء ﻣﻦ ﺣﻤﻮﻟﺘﻬﺎ ﻭﻭﺯﻧﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺮ‪.‬‬

‫‪3.3.11‬ﺷﺎﺣﻨﺔ ﺻﻬﺮﻳﺞ‪ .‬ﺃﻱ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺔ ﺁﻟﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﺫﺍﺗﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﻓﻊ ﻣﺰﻭﺩﺓ ﺑﺨﺰﺍﻥ ﺑﻀﺎﺉﻊ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬
‫ﻭﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡﻟﻨﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻻﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻷﺳﻔﻠﺖ‪.‬‬

‫‪3.3.12‬ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺔ ﺩﺑﺎﺑﺔ‪ .‬ﺃﻱ ﺷﺎﺣﻨﺔ ﺻﻬﺮﻳﺠﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﻣﻘﻄﻮﺭﺓ ﺻﻬﺮﻳﺠﻴﺔ ﻛﺎﻣﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺠﺮﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﺷﺒﻪ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻘﻄﻮﺭﺓ‪.‬‬

‫‪*3.3.13‬ﺿﻐﻂ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻂ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺱ ﺑﺎﻟﺠﻨﻴﻪ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺑﻮﺻﺔ ﻣﺮﺑﻌﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻖ )‪ ،(psia‬ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻤﺎﺭﺳﻪ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺉﻞ‪،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻣﺤﺪﺩ ﺑﻮﺍﺳﻄﺔ ‪،ASTM D 323‬ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺿﻐﻂ ﺑﺨﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺘﺮﻭﻟﻴﺔ)ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺭﻳﺪ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻊ ﺗﺼﻨﻴﻒ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﻻﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺉﻞ‬

‫‪4.1‬ﺍﻟﻨﻄﺎﻕ‪.‬‬

‫‪4.1.1‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻀﻊ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ ﻧﻈﺎﻣﺎً ﻣﻮﺣﺪﺍً ﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻭﺗﺼﻨﻴﻒ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻼﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕﺑﻐﺮﺽ ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻖ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻴﻢ ﻟﻬﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺻﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪4.1.2‬ﺗﻨﻄﺒﻖ ﺗﺼﻨﻴﻔﺎﺕ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻱ ﺳﺎﺉﻞ ﻳﻘﻊ ﺿﻤﻦ ﻧﻄﺎﻕ ﻭﻳﺨﻀﻊ ﻟﻤﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﻫﺬﻩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺻﻔﺔﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪4.2‬ﺗﺼﻨﻴﻒ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺉﻞ‪.‬‬
‫ﻳﺠﺐﺗﺼﻨﻴﻒ ﺃﻱ ﺳﺎﺉﻞ ﻳﻘﻊ ﺿﻤﻦ ﻧﻄﺎﻕ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺻﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻭﻳﺨﻀﻊ ﻟﻤﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺻﻔﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔﻭﻓﻘﺎً ﻟﻬﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻢ‪.‬‬
‫‪4.2.1‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺗﺼﻨﻴﻒ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻮ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩ ﻓﻲ ‪ ،3.3.6‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻧﻬﺎ ﺳﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺟﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰﻭﻳﺠﺐ ﺗﺼﻨﻴﻔﻬﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻭﻓﻘﺎً ﻟﻠﺒﻨﻮﺩ )‪ (1‬ﻭ)‪ (2‬ﻭ)‪ ،(3‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻮ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‪:‬‬

‫)‪ (1‬ﺳﺎﺉﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺉﺔ ‪ .IA‬ﺃﻱ ﺳﺎﺉﻞ ﻟﻪ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﻭﻣﻴﺾ ﺃﻗﻞ ﻣﻦ ‪ 73‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻓﻬﺮﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ )‪ 22.8‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻣﺉﻮﻳﺔ( ﻭﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﻏﻠﻴﺎﻥ ﺃﻗﻞ ﻣﻦ ‪ 100‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ‬
‫ﻓﻬﺮﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ)‪ 37.8‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻣﺉﻮﻳﺔ(‪.‬‬

‫)‪ (2‬ﺳﺎﺉﻞ ﻓﺉﺔ ‪ .IB‬ﺃﻱ ﺳﺎﺉﻞ ﻟﻪ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﻭﻣﻴﺾ ﺃﻗﻞ ﻣﻦ ‪ 73‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻓﻬﺮﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ )‪ 22.8‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻣﺉﻮﻳﺔ( ﻭﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﻏﻠﻴﺎﻥ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻦ‬
‫‪100‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻓﻬﺮﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ )‪ 37.8‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻣﺉﻮﻳﺔ(‪.‬‬

‫)‪ (3‬ﺳﺎﺉﻞ ﻓﺉﺔ ‪ .IC‬ﺃﻱ ﺳﺎﺉﻞ ﻟﺪﻳﻪ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﻭﻣﻴﺾ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻦ ‪ 73‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻓﻬﺮﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ )‪ 22.8‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻣﺉﻮﻳﺔ( ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﺃﻗﻞ ﻣﻦ ‪ 100‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ‬
‫ﻓﻬﺮﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ)‪ 37.8‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻣﺉﻮﻳﺔ(‪.‬‬

‫‪4.2.2‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺗﺼﻨﻴﻒ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﻫﻲ ﻣﺤﺪﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ ‪ ،3.3.4‬ﻃﺒﻘﺎ ًﻟـ )‪ (1‬ﻭ‬

‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕﺍﻟﻄﺒﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺸﺮ ‪NFPA‬‬

‫ﺷﺮﻛﺔﺃﺑﺎﺩﻏﻮﺳﺘﺎﺭ ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺴﺎﺕ ﺇﻳﺮﺍﻧﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﻭﺩﺓ‬ ‫‪www.atapars.com‬‬

‫‪www.atapars.com/NFPA-code/‬‬
 ‫)‪ (2‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻮ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‪.‬‬

‫)‪ (1‬ﺳﺎﺉﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺟﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﺃﻱ ﺳﺎﺉﻞ ﻟﺪﻳﻪ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﻭﻣﻴﺾ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻦ ‪ 100‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻓﻬﺮﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ )‪ 37.8‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻣﺉﻮﻳﺔ( ﻭﺃﻗﻞ ﻣﻦ ‪ 140‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ‬
‫ﻓﻬﺮﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ)‪ 60‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻣﺉﻮﻳﺔ(‪.‬‬

‫)‪ (2‬ﺳﺎﺉﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺟﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ‪ .‬ﺃﻱ ﺳﺎﺉﻞ ﻟﻪ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﻭﻣﻴﺾ ﺗﺒﻠﻎ ﺃﻭ ﺗﺰﻳﺪ ﻋﻦ ‪ 140‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻓﻬﺮﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ )‪ 60‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ‬
‫ﻣﺉﻮﻳﺔ(‪ .‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺼﻨﻴﻒ ﺳﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﻔﺉﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ ﻭﻓﻘﺎً ﻟﻠﻔﻘﺮﺗﻴﻦ )ﺃ( ﻭ)ﺏ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻮ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‪:‬‬

‫)ﺃ( ﺳﺎﺉﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺉﺔ ‪ .IIIA‬ﺃﻱ ﺳﺎﺉﻞ ﻟﻪ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﻭﻣﻴﺾ ﺗﺒﻠﻎ ﺃﻭ ﺗﺰﻳﺪ ﻋﻦ ‪ 140‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻓﻬﺮﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ )‪ 60‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻣﺉﻮﻳﺔ(‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﺃﻗﻞ ﻣﻦ ‪200‬‬
‫ﺩﺭﺟﺔﻓﻬﺮﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ )‪ 93‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻣﺉﻮﻳﺔ(‪.‬‬

‫)ﺏ( ﺳﺎﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﻔﺉﺔ ‪ .IIIB‬ﺃﻱ ﺳﺎﺉﻞ ﻟﻪ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﻭﻣﻴﺾ ﺗﺒﻠﻎ ﺃﻭ ﺗﺰﻳﺪ ﻋﻦ ‪ 200‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻓﻬﺮﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ )‪ 93‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻣﺉﻮﻳﺔ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺝ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢﻣﺮﻛﺒﺔ ﺩﺑﺎﺑﺎﺕ ‪hapter 5‬‬

‫‪5.1‬ﻋﺎﻡ‪.‬‬
‫‪5.1.1‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺄﺧﺬ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻬﺮﻳﺞ ﺍﻻﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﻟﻠﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻴﻜﻠﻴﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺧﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺉﻊ‬
‫ﻭﻣﻌﺪﺍﺕﺍﻟﺪﻓﻊ ﻭﺍﻷﻋﻀﺎء ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻋﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺇﻥ ﻭﺟﺪﺕ‪ ،‬ﻣﻊ ﻣﺮﺍﻋﺎﺓ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﻮﻟﺔ ﻭﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺗﻬﺎ ﻭﺃﺩﺍء ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺒﺢﻭﺍﻟﺼﻼﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ ‪.‬‬

‫‪5.1.2‬ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺳﻤﺎﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺩﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﺤﺪ ﺍﻷﺩﻧﻰ ﻟﻠﺴﻤﺎﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﺤﺪﺩﻫﺎ ﻫﻴﻜﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥﻧﻔﺴﻪ‪ .‬ﻭﻳﺴﻤﺢ ﺑﺰﻳﺎﺩﺓ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﻛﺔ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻳﺘﻌﺮﺽ ﻫﻴﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ ﻟﻀﻐﻮﻁ ﺇﺿﺎﻓﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪5.1.3‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ ﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺉﻊ ﻭﻫﻴﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺓ ﻟﺘﻮﻓﻴﺮ ﺃﻓﻀﻞ ﻣﺰﻳﺞ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﺼﺎﺉﺺﺍﻟﻬﻴﻜﻠﻴﺔ ﻭﺃﺩﺍء ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺓ‪.‬‬
‫‪5.1.4‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺸﺘﻤﻞ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﺗﺴﺎﻋﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺿﻤﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺜﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻧﺒﻲ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺜﺒﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻋﻨﺪﺍﻧﻌﻄﺎﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻛﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻬﺮﻳﺠﻴﺔ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻌﻄﻔﺎﺕ‪.‬‬
‫‪5.1.5‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻷﻱ ﺻﻬﺮﻳﺞ ﺑﻀﺎﺉﻊ ﻣﺼﻤﻢ ﻟﻨﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺩ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺩﺭﺟﺎﺕ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﺳﺎﺉﻠﺔ ﺃﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺩﺭﺟﺎﺕﺍﻟﺤﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻴﻄﺔ ﻟﻮﺣﺔ ﺗﺤﺬﻳﺮ ﻣﻌﺪﻧﻴﺔ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﻇﺎﻫﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻧﺐ ﺍﻷﻳﻤﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺮﺏ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺪﻣﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪5.1.5.1‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻻ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺣﺔ ﻋﺮﺿﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺂﻛﻞ‪.‬‬
‫‪5.1.5.2‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺣﺔ ﻣﺜﺒﺘﺔ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺩﺍﺉﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ ﺃﻭ ﺇﻃﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ‪.‬‬
‫‪5.1.5.3‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﻭﺿﻊ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺣﺔ ﺑﺄﺣﺮﻑ ﻻ ﻳﻘﻞ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻋﻬﺎ ﻋﻦ ½ ﺑﻮﺻﺔ )‬
‫‪12.5‬ﻣﻢ( ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺨﺘﻢ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺶ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻱ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﺔ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﻟﺘﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺤﺮﻭﻑ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺃﻭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻌﺪﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺣﺔﻧﻔﺴﻬﺎ‪:‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﺪﺍﻷﻗﺼﻰ ﻟﺪﺭﺟﺔ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﻮﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻤﻮﺡ ﺑﻬﺎ ﻫﻮ ___ ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻓﻬﺮﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ )____ ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻣﺉﻮﻳﺔ(‪.‬‬

‫‪5.1.5.4‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﺤﺪ ﺍﻷﻗﺼﻰ ﻟﺪﺭﺟﺔ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺉﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻤﻮﺡ ﺑﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻨﻌﺔ‬
‫ﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺉﻊ‪.‬‬

‫‪*5.1.6‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺇﻧﺸﺎء ﺻﻬﺎﺭﻳﺞ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺉﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﻟﻨﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻼﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕﻋﻨﺪ ﺩﺭﺟﺎﺕ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﻏﻠﻴﺎﻧﻬﺎ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻭﻓﻘﺎً ﻟﻠﻘﺴﻢ ‪.5.2‬‬

‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕﺍﻟﻄﺒﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺸﺮ ‪NFPA‬‬

‫ﺷﺮﻛﺔﺃﺑﺎﺩﻏﻮﺳﺘﺎﺭ ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺴﺎﺕ ﺇﻳﺮﺍﻧﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﻭﺩﺓ‬ ‫‪www.atapars.com‬‬

‫‪www.atapars.com/NFPA-code/‬‬
 ‫‪5.1.7‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺇﻧﺸﺎء ﺻﻬﺎﺭﻳﺞ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺉﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﻟﻨﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻼﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕﻋﻨﺪ ﺩﺭﺟﺎﺕ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﺃﻗﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻘﺎﻁ ﺍﻟﻐﻠﻴﺎﻥ ﻭﻓﻘﺎً ﻷﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻢ ‪.5.3‬‬

‫‪*5.1.8‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻨﺎء ﺻﻬﺎﺭﻳﺞ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺉﻊ ﻣﺘﻮﺍﻓﻘﺔ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺨﺼﺎﺉﺺ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺉﻴﺔﻟﻠﺴﺎﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﺩ ﻧﻘﻠﻪ‪.‬‬
‫‪5.1.9‬ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﺧﺰﺍﻥ ﺑﻀﺎﺉﻊ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺣﺠﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺫﺍﺕ ﻣﻮﺍﺻﻔﺎﺕ ﺑﻨﺎء ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‪ ،‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﺗﺘﻮﺍﻓﻖﻛﻞ ﺣﺠﻴﺮﺓ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺤﺠﺮﺓ ﻣﻊ ﻣﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺻﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬﺍ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻮﺑﻠﻮﺣﺔ ﻣﻌﺪﻧﻴﺔ ﺩﺍﺉﻤﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪5.2‬ﺻﻬﺎﺭﻳﺞ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺉﻊ ﻭﺍﻷﻧﺎﺑﻴﺐ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺻﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻤﻤﺔ ﻟﻨﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔﻟﻼﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺩﺭﺟﺎﺕ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﻏﻠﻴﺎﻧﻬﺎ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﻳﺠﺐﺇﻧﺸﺎء ﺻﻬﺎﺭﻳﺞ ﺍﻟﺸﺤﻦ ﻭﺍﻷﻧﺎﺑﻴﺐ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺻﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻤﻤﺔ ﻟﻨﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔﻟﻼﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻘﺎﻁ ﺍﻟﻐﻠﻴﺎﻥ ﻭﻓﻘﺎً ﻟﻠﻮﺍﺉﺢ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻞ ﺍﻷﻣﺮﻳﻜﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ‪،CFR 178 49‬‬
‫"ﻟﻮﺍﺉﺢ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﺮﺓ"‪ ،‬ﻭﻓﻘﺎً ﻟﻠﻔﺼﻞ ‪ 6‬ﻣﻦ ‪،NFPA 58‬ﻛﻮﺩ ﻏﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺒﺘﺮﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻝ‪.‬‬

‫‪5.3‬ﺻﻬﺎﺭﻳﺞ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺉﻊ ﻭﺍﻷﻧﺎﺑﻴﺐ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺻﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻤﻤﺔ ﻟﻨﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺩﺭﺟﺎﺕ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﺃﻗﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﻏﻠﻴﺎﻧﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫‪5.3.1‬ﻋﺎﻡ‪.‬‬
‫‪5.3.1.1‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺇﻧﺸﺎء ﺻﻬﺎﺭﻳﺞ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺉﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻢ ﺑﻨﺎﺅﻫﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﻧﻔﺎﺫ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺻﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻭﻓﻘﺎً‬
‫ﻟﻠﻘﺴﻢ‪.5.3‬‬
‫‪5.3.1.2‬ﻳﺴُﻤﺢ ﺑﻤﻮﺍﺻﻠﺔ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺻﻬﺎﺭﻳﺞ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺉﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻢ ﺇﻧﺸﺎﺅﻫﺎ ﻭﻓﻘﺎً ﻟﻺﺻﺪﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ‬
‫ﻣﻦﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺻﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻻ ﻳﺴُﻤﺢ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻨﺎء ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪ ﻭﻓﻘﺎً ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎﻳﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﻳﻤﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪*5.3.2‬ﻣﺎﺩﺓ‪.‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻷﻟﻮﺍﺡ ﻭﺍﻷﻟﻮﺍﺡ ﻟﻠﻬﻴﻜﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺅﻭﺱ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﻮﺍﺟﺰ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﻮﺍﺟﺰ ﻟﺼﻬﺎﺭﻳﺞ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺉﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻻ‬
‫ﻳﻠﺰﻡﺗﺼﻨﻴﻌﻬﺎ ﻭﻓﻘﺎً ﻟﻤﻌﺎﻳﻴﺮ ‪ASME‬ﺭﻣﺰ ﺍﻟﻐﻼﻳﺎﺕ ﻭﺃﻭﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻂﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺴﺘﻮﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺤﺪ ﺍﻷﺩﻧﻰ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕﺍﻟﻤﻄﺒﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫)‪ (1‬ﺳﺒﺎﺉﻚ ﺍﻷﻟﻮﻣﻨﻴﻮﻡ )‪ - (AL‬ﻓﻘﻂ ﻣﺎﺩﺓ ﺳﺒﺎﺉﻚ ﺍﻷﻟﻮﻣﻨﻴﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ ﻟﻠﺤﺎﻡ ﺍﻻﻧﺼﻬﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺘﻮﺍﻓﻘﺔ ﻣﻊ‬
‫‪،ASTM B209‬ﻣﻮﺍﺻﻔﺎﺕ ﺻﻔﺎﺉﺢ ﻭﺻﻔﺎﺉﺢ ﺍﻷﻟﻮﻣﻨﻴﻮﻡ ﻭﺳﺒﺎﺉﻚ ﺍﻷﻟﻮﻣﻨﻴﻮﻡ‪ ،‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺍﻥ‬
‫ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ‪.‬ﻳﺴُﻤﺢ ﻟﻠﺮﺅﻭﺱ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﻮﺍﺟﺰ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﻮﺍﺟﺰ ﻭﺃﺩﻭﺍﺕ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﻠﻘﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺩﺭﺟﺎﺕ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺓ ‪0‬‬
‫)ﻣﻠﺪﻧﺔ( ﺃﻭ ﺩﺭﺟﺎﺕ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﺃﻗﻮﻯ‪ .‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺼﻨﻊ ﺍﻷﺻﺪﺍﻑ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺧﻮﺍﺹ ﻣﻜﺎﻓﺉﺔ‬
‫ﻟﺪﺭﺟﺎﺕﺣﺮﺍﺭﺓ ‪ H32‬ﺃﻭ ‪ ،H34‬ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎء ﺃﻧﻪ ﻳﺠﺐ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﺡ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺩﺭﺟﺎﺕ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﻧﻬﺎﺉﻴﺔ ﺃﻗﻞ‬
‫ﺇﺫﺍﺗﻤﺖ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺤﺪ ﺍﻷﺩﻧﻰ ﻟﺴﻤﻚ ﺍﻟﻘﺸﺮﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻭﻝ ‪) 5.3.3.1‬ﺏ( ﺑﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻋﻜﺴﻴﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﺉﻴﺔﺍﻷﻗﻞ‪. .‬‬

‫)‪ (2‬ﺍﻟﺼﻠﺐ ‪ -‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻔﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﻮﻻﺫ ﺑﻤﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻭﻝ ‪.5.3.2‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻭﻝ‪ 5.3.2‬ﺧﺼﺎﺉﺺ ﺍﻟﻔﻮﻻﺫ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻔﻮﻻﺫﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﻭﻡ ﻟﻠﺼﺪﺃ‬ ‫ﻗﻮﺓﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﻨﺨﻔﻀﺔ‬

‫)ﺱ‪.‬ﺱ(‬ ‫ﺳﺒﺎﺉﻚﺍﻟﺼﻠﺐ )‪(HSLA‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻮﻻﺫﺍﻟﻄﺮﻱ )‪(MS‬‬ ‫ﻣﻠﻜﻴﺔ‬
‫‪25000‬ﺭﻃﻞ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺑﻮﺻﺔ ﻣﺮﺑﻌﺔ ‪ 170‬ﻣﻴﺠﺎ ﺑﺎﺳﻜﺎﻝ‬ ‫‪45000‬ﺭﻃﻞ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺑﻮﺻﺔ ﻣﺮﺑﻌﺔ )‪ 310‬ﻣﻴﺠﺎ ﺑﺎﺳﻜﺎﻝ(‪.‬‬ ‫‪25000‬ﺭﻃﻞ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺑﻮﺻﺔ ﻣﺮﺑﻌﺔ ‪ 170‬ﻣﻴﺠﺎ ﺑﺎﺳﻜﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻗﻮﺓﺍﻟﻌﺎﺉﺪ‬
‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕﺍﻟﻄﺒﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺸﺮ ‪NFPA‬‬

‫ﺷﺮﻛﺔﺃﺑﺎﺩﻏﻮﺳﺘﺎﺭ ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺴﺎﺕ ﺇﻳﺮﺍﻧﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﻭﺩﺓ‬ ‫‪www.atapars.com‬‬

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 ‫ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻭﻝ‪ 5.3.2‬ﺧﺼﺎﺉﺺ ﺍﻟﻔﻮﻻﺫ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻔﻮﻻﺫﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﻭﻡ ﻟﻠﺼﺪﺃ‬ ‫ﻗﻮﺓﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﻨﺨﻔﻀﺔ‬

‫)ﺱ‪.‬ﺱ(‬ ‫ﺳﺒﺎﺉﻚﺍﻟﺼﻠﺐ )‪(HSLA‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻮﻻﺫﺍﻟﻄﺮﻱ )‪(MS‬‬ ‫ﻣﻠﻜﻴﺔ‬
‫‪70,000‬ﺭﻃﻞ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺑﻮﺻﺔ ﻣﺮﺑﻌﺔ ‪ 480‬ﻣﻴﺠﺎ ﺑﺎﺳﻜﺎﻝ‬ ‫‪60,000‬ﺭﻃﻞ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺑﻮﺻﺔ ﻣﺮﺑﻌﺔ ‪ 410‬ﻣﻴﺠﺎ ﺑﺎﺳﻜﺎﻝ‬ ‫‪45000‬ﺭﻃﻞ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺑﻮﺻﺔ ﻣﺮﺑﻌﺔ ‪310‬‬ ‫ﻗﻮﺓﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﺓ‬
‫‪%30‬‬ ‫‪%25‬‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺠﺎﺑﺎﺳﻜﺎﻝ‪%20‬‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻄﺎﻟﺔ‬
‫]ﻋﻴﻨﺔ ﻣﻘﺎﺱ ‪ 2‬ﺑﻮﺻﺔ )‪ 50.8‬ﻣﻢ([‬

‫‪5.3.3‬ﺳﻤﻚ ﺍﻷﻟﻮﺍﺡ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺅﻭﺱ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﻮﺍﺟﺰ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﻮﺍﺟﺰ‪.‬‬

‫‪5.3.3.1‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﺍﻟﺤﺪ ﺍﻷﺩﻧﻰ ﻟﺴﻤﺎﻛﺔ ﻣﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺪﻡ ﺗﺠﺎﻭﺯ ﺍﻟﺤﺪ ﺍﻷﻗﺼﻰ ﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮﻯ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻂﺍﻟﻤﺴﻤﻮﺡ ﺑﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻻ ﻳﻘﻞ ﺑﺄﻱ ﺣﺎﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺣﻮﺍﻝ ﻋﻦ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺿﺤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻭﻝ ‪) 5.3.3.1‬‬
‫ﺃ( ﻭﺍﻟﺠﺪﻭﻝ ‪) 5.3.3.1‬ﺏ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻭﻝ‪) 5.3.3.1‬ﺃ( ﺍﻟﺤﺪ ﺍﻷﺩﻧﻰ ﻟﺴﻤﺎﻛﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺅﻭﺱ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﻮﺍﺟﺰ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﻮﺍﺟﺰ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻮﻻﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺪﺓ‬
‫ﻣﻘﻴﺎﺱﻗﻴﺎﺳﻲ )ﺍﻟﻔﻮﻻﺫ( ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺻﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﺮﻳﺔ )ﺍﻷﻟﻮﻣﻨﻴﻮﻡ(‬

‫ﺳﻌﺔﺍﻟﺤﺠﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﺠﺎﻟﻮﻥ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺑﻮﺻﺔ‬

‫‪18‬ﻭﺃﻛﺜﺮ‬ ‫‪14‬ﺇﻟﻰ ‪18‬‬ ‫ﺃﻛﺜﺮﻣﻦ ‪ 10‬ﺇﻟﻰ ‪14‬‬ ‫‪10‬ﺃﻭ ﺃﻗﻞ‬
‫‪HSLA‬‬ ‫‪HSL‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡﺍﻟﻤﻨﺴﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡﺍﻟﻤﻨﺴﻖ‬

‫‪,‬‬ ‫ﺃ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻡ‬‫ﻟﻮﺱﺃﻧﺠﻠﻮﺱ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻟﻮﺱﺃﻧﺠﻠﻮﺱ‪،‬‬

‫ﺁﻧﺴﺔ ﺳﺲ ﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﺁﻧﺴﺔ ﺳﺲ ﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﺱ ﺳﺲ ﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﺁﻧﺴﺔ ﺳﺲ ﺍﻝ‬

‫‪0.151‬‬ ‫‪12‬‬ ‫‪11‬‬ ‫‪0.130‬‬ ‫‪13‬‬ ‫‪12‬‬ ‫‪0.10 14 13‬‬ ‫‪0.096‬‬ ‫‪15 14‬‬ ‫ﺳﻤﺎﻛﺔ‬
‫‪9‬‬
‫‪.‬ﺍﻟﻔﻮﻻﺫﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﻭﻡ ﻟﻠﺼﺪﺃ ﺍﻷﻭﺳﺘﻨﻴﺘﻲ‪ .‬ﺁﻝ‪ :‬ﺍﻷﻟﻮﻣﻨﻴﻮﻡ ‪. SS:‬ﻓﻮﻻﺫ ﻋﺎﻟﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺓ ﻭﻣﻨﺨﻔﺾ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﺎﺉﻚ ‪. HSLA:‬ﺍﻟﻔﻮﻻﺫ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻱ ‪MS:‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻭﻝ‪) 5.3.3.1‬ﺏ( ﺍﻟﺤﺪ ﺍﻷﺩﻧﻰ ﻟﺴﻤﺎﻛﺔ ﺻﻔﺎﺉﺢ ﺍﻟﻘﺸﺮﺓ ﻭﻓﻘﺎً ﻟﻠﻤﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺳﻲ ﺍﻷﻣﺮﻳﻜﻲ )ﺍﻟﻔﻮﻻﺫ(‬
‫ﺃﻭﺍﻟﺒﻮﺻﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﺮﻳﺔ )ﺍﻷﻟﻮﻣﻨﻴﻮﻡ(‬

‫ﺳﻌﺔﺍﻟﺤﺠﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﺠﺎﻟﻮﻥ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺑﻮﺻﺔ‬

‫‪ 18‬ﻭ‬
‫ﺯﻳﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫‪14‬ﺇﻟﻰ ‪18‬‬ ‫ﺃﻛﺜﺮﻣﻦ ‪ 10‬ﺇﻟﻰ ‪14‬‬ ‫‪10‬ﺃﻭ ﺃﻗﻞ‬
‫ﺡ‬
‫ﺱ‬
‫ﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡﺍﻟﻤﻨﺴﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡﺍﻟﻤﻨﺴﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔﺑﻴﻦ‬
‫ﺃ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻟﻮﺱﺃﻧﺠﻠﻮﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡﺍﻟﻤﻨﺴﻖ‬ ‫ﻟﻮﺱﺃﻧﺠﻠﻮﺱ‬ ‫ﺣﻮﺍﺟﺰ‪,‬‬
‫ﻡ ﺱﺃ‬ ‫‪،‬ﺃ‬ ‫ﻟﻮﺱﺃﻧﺠﻠﻮﺱ‪،‬‬ ‫‪,‬‬ ‫ﻳﺤﻴﺮ‪،‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺉﺮﻱ‬ ‫ﺃﻗﺼﻰﺷﻞ‬
‫ﺱ ﺱﻝ‬ ‫ﺁﻧﺴﺔ ﺳﺲﻝ‬ ‫ﺁﻧﺴﺔ ﺳﺲ ﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﺁﻧﺴﺔ ﺳﺲﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺼﻒﺍﻟﻘﻄﺮ‬

‫‪.0 14 13‬‬ ‫‪.0 15 14‬‬ ‫‪0.087 16‬‬ ‫‪14‬‬ ‫‪0.0 16 14‬‬ ‫‪36‬ﺑﻮﺻﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻗﻞ‬ ‫ﺃﻗﻞﻣﻦ ‪ 70‬ﺑﻮﺻﺔ‬
‫‪10‬‬ ‫‪09‬‬ ‫‪87‬‬
‫‪9‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬
‫‪.0 13 12‬‬ ‫‪.0 14 13‬‬ ‫‪0.096‬‬ ‫‪15‬‬ ‫‪14‬‬ ‫‪0.0 16‬‬ ‫‪14‬‬ ‫ﺃﻛﺜﺮﻣﻦ ‪ 36‬ﺑﻮﺻﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ‪54‬‬

‫‪13‬‬ ‫‪10‬‬ ‫‪87‬‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺻﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪9‬‬
‫‪.0 12 11‬‬ ‫‪.0 13 12‬‬ ‫‪0.109‬‬ ‫‪14‬‬ ‫‪13‬‬ ‫‪0.0 15‬‬ ‫‪14‬‬ ‫ﺃﻛﺜﺮﻣﻦ ‪ 54‬ﺑﻮﺻﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪15‬‬ ‫‪13‬‬ ‫‪96‬‬ ‫ﻣﻦﺧﻼﻝ ‪ 60‬ﺑﻮﺻﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬

‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕﺍﻟﻄﺒﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺸﺮ ‪NFPA‬‬

‫ﺷﺮﻛﺔﺃﺑﺎﺩﻏﻮﺳﺘﺎﺭ ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺴﺎﺕ ﺇﻳﺮﺍﻧﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﻭﺩﺓ‬ ‫‪www.atapars.com‬‬

‫‪www.atapars.com/NFPA-code/‬‬
 ‫ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻭﻝ‪) 5.3.3.1‬ﺏ( ﺍﻟﺤﺪ ﺍﻷﺩﻧﻰ ﻟﺴﻤﺎﻛﺔ ﺻﻔﺎﺉﺢ ﺍﻟﻘﺸﺮﺓ ﻭﻓﻘﺎً ﻟﻠﻤﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺳﻲ ﺍﻷﻣﺮﻳﻜﻲ )ﺍﻟﻔﻮﻻﺫ(‬
‫ﺃﻭﺍﻟﺒﻮﺻﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﺮﻳﺔ )ﺍﻷﻟﻮﻣﻨﻴﻮﻡ(‬

‫ﺳﻌﺔﺍﻟﺤﺠﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﺠﺎﻟﻮﻥ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺑﻮﺻﺔ‬

‫‪ 18‬ﻭ‬
‫ﺯﻳﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫‪14‬ﺇﻟﻰ ‪18‬‬ ‫ﺃﻛﺜﺮﻣﻦ ‪ 10‬ﺇﻟﻰ ‪14‬‬ ‫‪10‬ﺃﻭ ﺃﻗﻞ‬
‫ﺡ‬
‫ﺱ‬
‫ﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡﺍﻟﻤﻨﺴﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡﺍﻟﻤﻨﺴﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔﺑﻴﻦ‬
‫ﺃ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻟﻮﺱﺃﻧﺠﻠﻮﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡﺍﻟﻤﻨﺴﻖ‬ ‫ﻟﻮﺱﺃﻧﺠﻠﻮﺱ‬ ‫ﺣﻮﺍﺟﺰ‪,‬‬
‫ﻡ ﺱﺃ‬ ‫‪،‬ﺃ‬ ‫ﻟﻮﺱﺃﻧﺠﻠﻮﺱ‪،‬‬ ‫‪,‬‬ ‫ﻳﺤﻴﺮ‪،‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺉﺮﻱ‬ ‫ﺃﻗﺼﻰﺷﻞ‬
‫ﺱ ﺱﻝ‬ ‫ﺁﻧﺴﺔ ﺳﺲﻝ‬ ‫ﺁﻧﺴﺔ ﺳﺲ ﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﺁﻧﺴﺔ ﺳﺲﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺼﻒﺍﻟﻘﻄﺮ‬

‫‪.0 13 12‬‬ ‫‪.0 14 13‬‬ ‫‪0.096 15‬‬ ‫‪14‬‬ ‫‪0.0 16 14‬‬ ‫‪36‬ﺑﻮﺻﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻗﻞ‬ ‫‪70‬ﺑﻮﺻﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ‪،‬‬
‫‪13‬‬ ‫‪10‬‬ ‫‪87‬‬ ‫ﺃﻗﻞﻣﻦ ‪ 90‬ﺑﻮﺻﺔ‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪9‬‬
‫‪.0 12 11‬‬ ‫‪.0 13 12‬‬ ‫‪0.109‬‬ ‫‪14‬‬ ‫‪13‬‬ ‫‪0.0 15‬‬ ‫‪14‬‬ ‫ﺃﻛﺜﺮﻣﻦ ‪ 36‬ﺑﻮﺻﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ‪54‬‬

‫‪15‬‬ ‫‪13‬‬ ‫‪96‬‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺻﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬
‫‪.0 11 10‬‬ ‫‪.0 12 11‬‬ ‫‪0.130‬‬ ‫‪13‬‬ ‫‪12‬‬ ‫‪0.1 14‬‬ ‫‪13‬‬ ‫ﺃﻛﺜﺮﻣﻦ ‪ 54‬ﺑﻮﺻﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪17‬‬ ‫‪15‬‬ ‫‪09‬‬ ‫ﻣﻦﺧﻼﻝ ‪ 60‬ﺑﻮﺻﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪.0 12 11‬‬ ‫‪.0 13 12‬‬ ‫‪0.109‬‬ ‫‪14‬‬ ‫‪13‬‬ ‫‪0.0 15‬‬ ‫‪14‬‬ ‫‪36‬ﺑﻮﺻﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻗﻞ‬ ‫‪90‬ﺑﻮﺻﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ‪،‬‬
‫‪15‬‬ ‫‪13‬‬ ‫‪96‬‬ ‫ﺃﻗﻞﻣﻦ ‪ 125‬ﺑﻮﺻﺔ‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬
‫‪.0 11 10‬‬ ‫‪.0 12 11‬‬ ‫‪0.130‬‬ ‫‪13‬‬ ‫‪12‬‬ ‫‪0.1 14‬‬ ‫‪13‬‬ ‫ﺃﻛﺜﺮﻣﻦ ‪ 36‬ﺑﻮﺻﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ‪54‬‬

‫‪17‬‬ ‫‪15‬‬ ‫‪09‬‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺻﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪.0 10 9‬‬ ‫‪.0 11 10‬‬ ‫‪0.151‬‬ ‫‪12‬‬ ‫‪11‬‬ ‫‪0.1 13‬‬ ‫‪12‬‬ ‫ﺃﻛﺜﺮﻣﻦ ‪ 54‬ﺑﻮﺻﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪19‬‬ ‫‪17‬‬ ‫‪30‬‬ ‫ﻣﻦﺧﻼﻝ ‪ 60‬ﺑﻮﺻﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪.0 11 10‬‬ ‫‪.0 12 11‬‬ ‫‪0.130‬‬ ‫‪13‬‬ ‫‪12‬‬ ‫‪0.1 14‬‬ ‫‪13‬‬ ‫‪36‬ﺑﻮﺻﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻗﻞ‬ ‫‪125‬ﺑﻮﺻﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ‬
‫‪17‬‬ ‫‪15‬‬ ‫‪09‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪.0 10 9‬‬ ‫‪.0 11 10‬‬ ‫‪0.151‬‬ ‫‪12‬‬ ‫‪11‬‬ ‫‪0.1 13‬‬ ‫‪12‬‬ ‫ﺃﻛﺜﺮﻣﻦ ‪ 36‬ﺑﻮﺻﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ‪54‬‬

‫‪19‬‬ ‫‪17‬‬ ‫‪30‬‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺻﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪.0 9 8 .010‬‬ ‫‪9‬‬ ‫‪0.17311‬‬ ‫‪10‬‬ ‫‪0.112‬‬ ‫‪11‬‬ ‫ﺃﻛﺜﺮﻣﻦ ‪ 54‬ﺑﻮﺻﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪21‬‬ ‫‪19‬‬ ‫‪51‬‬ ‫ﻣﻦﺧﻼﻝ ‪ 60‬ﺑﻮﺻﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬
‫‪.‬ﺍﻟﻔﻮﻻﺫﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﻭﻡ ﻟﻠﺼﺪﺃ ﺍﻷﻭﺳﺘﻨﻴﺘﻲ‪ .‬ﺁﻝ‪ :‬ﺍﻷﻟﻮﻣﻨﻴﻮﻡ ‪. SS:‬ﻓﻮﻻﺫ ﻋﺎﻟﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺓ ﻭﻣﻨﺨﻔﺾ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﺎﺉﻚ ‪. HSLA:‬ﺍﻟﻔﻮﻻﺫ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻱ ‪MS:‬‬

‫‪5.3.3.2‬ﺍﻟﺤﺪ ﺍﻷﺩﻧﻰ ﻟﺴﻤﻚ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻭﻝ ‪) 5.3.3.1‬ﺃ( ﻭﺍﻟﺠﺪﻭﻝ‬

‫ﻳﺠﺐﺃﻥ ﻳﻌﺘﻤﺪ ‪)5.3.3.1‬ﺏ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺪ ﺃﻗﺼﻰ ﻳﺒﻠﻎ ‪ 7.2‬ﺭﻃﻞ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺟﺎﻟﻮﻥ )‪ 0.86‬ﻛﺠﻢ‪/‬ﻟﺘﺮ( ﻣﻦ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺞ‪ .‬ﺇﺫﺍ‬
‫ﻛﺎﻥﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ ﻣﺼﻤﻤﺎً ﻟﻨﻘﻞ ﻣﻨﺘﺠﺎﺕ ﻳﺰﻳﺪ ﻭﺯﻧﻬﺎ ﻋﻦ ‪ 7.2‬ﺭﻃﻞ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺟﺎﻟﻮﻥ )‪ 0.86‬ﻛﺠﻢ‪/‬ﻟﺘﺮ(‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻥ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻟﻮﻥ‬
‫ﻟﻜﻞﺑﻮﺻﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﺤﺪ ﺍﻷﺩﻧﻰ ﻟﺴﻤﻚ ﺍﻟﺮﺅﻭﺱ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺤﻮﺍﺟﺰ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺤﻮﺍﺟﺰ ﺃﻭ ﺻﻔﺎﺉﺢ ﺍﻟﻘﺸﺮﺓ ﻳﺠﺐ‬
‫ﺃﻥﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺳﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺠﺎﻟﻮﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺻﺔ ﻣﻀﺮﻭﺑﺎً ﻓﻲ ﻛﺜﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺞ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻠﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺠﻨﻴﻪ ﻟﻜﻞ‬
‫ﺟﺎﻟﻮﻥﻣﻘﺴﻮﻣﺎً ﻋﻠﻰ ‪.7.2‬‬

‫‪5.3.3.3‬ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﻟﻮﻣﻨﻴﻮﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺻﻬﺎﺭﻳﺞ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺉﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺼﺼﺔ ﻟﻨﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺉﻊ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺩﺭﺟﺎﺕ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﺳﺎﺉﻠﺔ‬
‫ﺗﺰﻳﺪﻋﻦ ‪ 250‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻓﻬﺮﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ )‪ 121‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻣﺉﻮﻳﺔ(‪ ،‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺤﺪ ﺍﻷﺩﻧﻰ ﻟﻠﺴﻤﻚ ﺑﻨﺴﺒﺔ ‪ 1‬ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺎﺉﺔ ﺣﻘﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻊ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺸﺮ‪NFPA‬‬

‫ﺷﺮﻛﺔﺃﺑﺎﺩﻏﻮﺳﺘﺎﺭ ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺴﺎﺕ ﺇﻳﺮﺍﻧﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﻭﺩﺓ‬ ‫‪www.atapars.com‬‬

‫‪www.atapars.com/NFPA-code/‬‬
‫ﻟﻜﻞ‪ 10‬ﺩﺭﺟﺎﺕ ﻓﻬﺮﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ )‪ 5.6‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻣﺉﻮﻳﺔ( ﺃﻭ ﺟﺰء ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺃﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻦ ‪ 250‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻓﻬﺮﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ )‪ 121‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻣﺉﻮﻳﺔ(‪ .‬ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺩﺭﺟﺎﺕ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺉﻞ‬
‫ﺃﻋﻠﻰﻣﻦ ‪ 500‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻓﻬﺮﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ )‪ 260‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻣﺉﻮﻳﺔ(‪ ،‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ‪ 1‬ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺎﺉﺔ ﺇﺿﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﻟﻜﻞ ‪ 10‬ﺩﺭﺟﺎﺕ ﻓﻬﺮﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ )‪ 5.6‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻣﺉﻮﻳﺔ( ﺃﻭ ﺟﺰء‬
‫ﻣﻨﻬﺎﻓﻮﻕ ‪ 500‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻓﻬﺮﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ )‪ 260‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻣﺉﻮﻳﺔ(‪ .‬ﻻ ﻳﺠﻮﺯ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﻟﻮﻣﻨﻴﻮﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺻﻬﺎﺭﻳﺞ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺉﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻨﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺉﻊ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺩﺭﺟﺎﺕ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﺃﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻣﻦ‪ 550‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻓﻬﺮﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ )‪ 288‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻣﺉﻮﻳﺔ(‪.‬‬

‫‪5.3.4‬ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻴﻜﻠﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪5.3.4.1‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻻ ﺗﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺴﻮﺑﺔ ‪ 20‬ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺎﺉﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺤﺪ ﺍﻷﺩﻧﻰ ﻟﻠﻘﻮﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﺉﻴﺔﻟﻠﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻮ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻤﻮﺡ ﺑﻪ ﺇﻻ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ ﻣﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺃﻭﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻂ ‪)ASME‬‬
‫ﺍﻧﻈﺮﻛﻮﺩ ‪ ASME‬ﻟﻠﻐﻼﻳﺎﺕ ﻭﺃﻭﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻂ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻣﻦ(‪.‬‬
‫‪5.3.4.2‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺗﺰﻭﻳﺪ ﺻﻬﺎﺭﻳﺞ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺉﻊ ﺑﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻫﻴﻜﻠﻴﺔ ﺇﺿﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﻀﺮﻭﺭﺓ ﻟﻤﻨﻊ ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻮﻁ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺗﺠﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲﺗﺰﻳﺪ ﻋﻦ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻤﻮﺡ ﺑﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ‪ .5.3.4.1‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﻣﺮﺍﻋﺎﺓ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻔﺮﺿﻬﺎ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺣﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺑﺸﻜﻞﻓﺮﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭﺣﻴﺜﻤﺎ ﺃﻣﻜﻦ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺠﻪ ﻷﻱ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‪:‬‬

‫)‪ (1‬ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻜﻲ ﺿﻤﻦ ﻛﺎﻓﺔ ﺗﻜﻮﻳﻨﺎﺕ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺞ‬

‫)‪ (2‬ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻲ‬
‫)‪ (3‬ﺍﻷﺣﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺮﺍﻛﺒﺔ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻣﻌﺪﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻐﻴﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺰﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻄﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻭﺃﻧﺎﺑﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﺨﺮﺍﻃﻴﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﺉﻦ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻷﻧﺎﺑﻴﺐ‬
‫)‪ (4‬ﺭﺩﻭﺩ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻭﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﺮﻭﺝ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻋﻤﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻏﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﻣﺎﺕ‬
‫)‪ (5‬ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﺟﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺤﺮﺍﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺗﺠﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺞ ﻭﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻴﻄﺔ )ﻳﺠﺐ ﺍﺳﺘﻴﻌﺎﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻣﻼﺕﺍﻟﺤﺮﺍﺭﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﻬﺎ(‪.‬‬

‫‪5.3.5‬ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺎﺻﻞ‪.‬‬

‫‪5.3.5.1‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻢ ﻟﺤﺎﻡ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻼﺕ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻫﻴﺎﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻧﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺅﻭﺱ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﻮﺍﺟﺰ )ﺃﻭ ﺣﻠﻘﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺭﺑﻂﺍﻟﺤﻮﺍﺟﺰ( ﻭﺍﻟﺤﻮﺍﺟﺰ ﻭﻓﻘﺎً ﻟﻠﻤﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺭﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻢ‪.‬‬
‫‪5.3.5.2‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﻭﺻﻼﺕ ﺳﺒﺎﺉﻚ ﺍﻷﻟﻮﻣﻨﻴﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺤﻮﻣﺔ ﻣﺼﻨﻮﻋﺔ ﻭﻓﻘﺎ ًﻟﻤﻤﺎﺭﺳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﺎﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺒﻮﻟﺔ‪،‬ﻭﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻻ ﺗﻘﻞ ﻛﻔﺎءﺓ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻼﺕ ﻋﻦ ‪ 85‬ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺎﺉﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻮﺍﺹ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎﻭﺭﺓ‪ .‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺭﺑﻂ ﺳﺒﺎﺉﻚ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻟﻮﻣﻨﻴﻮﻡﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﺤﺎﻡ ﻗﻮﺱ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻥ ﺣﺸﻮ ﺍﻷﻟﻮﻣﻨﻴﻮﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻐﻨﻴﺴﻴﻮﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲﺗﺘﻮﺍﻓﻖ ﻣﻊ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﺎﺕ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺩ‪.‬‬

‫‪5.3.5.3‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺤﻮﻣﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﻮﻻﺫ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻱ )‪ ،(MS‬ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻮﻻﺫ ﻋﺎﻟﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺓ‬
‫ﻣﻨﺨﻔﺾﺍﻟﺴﺒﺎﺉﻚ )‪ ،(HSLA‬ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻮﻻﺫ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﻭﻡ ﻟﻠﺼﺪﺃ ﺍﻷﻭﺳﺘﻨﻴﺘﻲ )‪ (SS‬ﻣﺼﻨﻮﻋﺔ ﻭﻓﻘﺎً ﻟﻤﻤﺎﺭﺳﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻠﺤﺎﻡﺍﻟﻤﻘﺒﻮﻟﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻻ ﺗﻘﻞ ﻛﻔﺎءﺓ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻼﺕ ﻋﻦ ‪ 85‬ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺎﺉﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺹ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺪﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎﻭﺭﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ‪.‬‬
‫‪5.3.5.4‬ﻳﺴُﻤﺢ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﻮﻻﺫ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻱ )‪ ،(MS‬ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻮﻻﺫ ﻋﺎﻟﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺓ ﻣﻨﺨﻔﺾ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﺒﺎﺉﻚ)‪ ،(HSLA‬ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻮﻻﺫ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﻭﻡ ﻟﻠﺼﺪﺃ ﺍﻷﻭﺳﺘﻨﻴﺘﻲ )‪ (SS‬ﻓﻲ ﺑﻨﺎء ﺧﺰﺍﻥ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺸﺮﻁ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺘﻮﺍﻓﻖ‬
‫ﻛﻞﻣﺎﺩﺓ‪ ،‬ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﺪ ﺍﻷﺩﻧﻰ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩﺓ ﻟﻠﻤﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻨﺎء ﺫﻟﻚ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻢﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ‪.‬‬
‫‪5.3.5.4.1‬ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺻﻔﺎﺉﺢ ﺍﻟﻔﻮﻻﺫ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﻭﻡ ﻟﻠﺼﺪﺃ ﻣﻊ ﺻﻔﺎﺉﺢ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﻮﻻﺫ‪،‬‬
‫ﻳﺠﺐﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻨﻮﻋﺔ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﺎﻡ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺃﻗﻄﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻔﻮﻻﺫ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﻭﻡ ﻟﻠﺼﺪﺃ ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﻗﻀﺒﺎﻥﺍﻟﺤﺸﻮ ﻭﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺃﻗﻄﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻔﻮﻻﺫ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﻭﻡ ﻟﻠﺼﺪﺃ ﺃﻭ ﻗﻀﺒﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺤﺸﻮ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﺎﻡ‬
‫ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﺷﺮﻛﺔﺃﺑﺎﺩﻏﻮﺳﺘﺎﺭ ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺴﺎﺕ ﺇﻳﺮﺍﻧﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﻭﺩﺓ‬ ‫‪www.atapars.com‬‬

‫‪www.atapars.com/NFPA-code/‬‬
 ‫ﻟﻼﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡﻣﻊ ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻮﻻﺫ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﻭﻡ ﻟﻠﺼﺪﺃ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﻓﻘﺎً ﻟﺘﻮﺻﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻨﻌﺔ ﻷﻗﻄﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻔﻮﻻﺫ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﻭﻡﻟﻠﺼﺪﺃ ﺃﻭ ﻗﻀﺒﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺤﺸﻮ‪.‬‬
‫‪5.3.5.5‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻻﻣﺘﺜﺎﻝ ﻟﻠﻤﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺭﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ ‪ 5.3.5.2‬ﺃﻭ ‪ 5.3.5.3‬ﻟﻠﻮﺻﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺤﻮﻣﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺿﺤﺔﻓﻲ ‪ 5.3.5.1‬ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻀﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﻣﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻣﻤﺜﻠﺔ ﻟﺘﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺳﻴﺘﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻧﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺿﻌﺔﻟﻬﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺻﻔﺎﺕ ﻭﺑﻨﻔﺲ ﺗﻘﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻨﻴﻊ‪ ،‬ﻋﻴﻨﺘﻴﻦ ﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭﻳﺘﻴﻦ ﻣﺘﻄﺎﺑﻘﺘﻴﻦ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ‪5.3.5.5‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭﻫﻤﺎﺣﺘﻰ ﻓﺸﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺗﺮ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ‪ 5.3.5.5‬ﻋﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺸﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪5.3.5.5.1‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻤﺜﻞ ﺯﻭﺝ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺳﻴﺘﻢ ﺗﺼﻨﻴﻌﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻔﺲ‬
‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺩ ﻭﺑﻨﻔﺲ ﺗﻘﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻨﻴﻊ ﻭﻓﻲ ﻧﻔﺲ ﺍﻟﻮﺭﺷﺔ‪ ،‬ﺧﻼﻝ ‪ 6‬ﺃﺷﻬﺮ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﻬﺎء ﻣﻦ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ‪.‬‬
‫‪5.3.5.5.2‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺤﻮﻣﺔ ﺑﻌﻘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﻣﺆﻫﻠﺔ ﻷﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺃﻭ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ‬
‫ﻣﻦﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﺎﻡ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻧﻔﺲ ﻣﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺤﺸﻮ ﻭﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﺎﻡ ﻃﺎﻟﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺩﻥ ﺍﻷﺻﻠﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻔﺲ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪5.3.6‬ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﻣﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻹﺭﺳﺎء‪.‬‬
‫‪5.3.6.1‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺰﻭﺩ ﺻﻬﺎﺭﻳﺞ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺉﻊ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻹﻃﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻜﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺼﻬﺮﻳﺞ )ﻛﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻝ ﻋﻦ‬
‫ﻃﺮﻳﻖﺍﻟﻠﺤﺎﻡ( ﺑﺄﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺗﻘﻴﻴﺪ ﻟﻤﻨﻊ ﺃﻱ ﺣﺮﻛﺔ ﻧﺴﺒﻴﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﻬﺮﻳﺞ ﻭﺍﻹﻃﺎﺭ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻨﺘﺞ ﻋﻦ ﺇﻳﻘﺎﻑ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺓ‬
‫ﺃﻭﺗﺸﻐﻴﻠﻬﺎ ﺃﻭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻧﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻮﻝ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻴﻴﺪ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺳﻬﻼ ًﻟﻠﻔﺤﺺ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻧﺔ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎء‬
‫ﺃﻧﻪﻳﺠﺐ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﺡ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺰﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻐﻄﻴﺔ ﺑﺘﻐﻄﻴﺔ ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻴﻴﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪5.3.6.2‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺩﻋﻢ ﺃﻱ ﺧﺰﺍﻥ ﺑﻀﺎﺉﻊ ﻣﺼﻤﻢ ﻭﻣﺒﻨﻲ ﺑﺤﻴﺚ ﻳﺸﻜﻞ ﻛﻠﻴﺎً ﺃﻭ ﺟﺰﺉﻴﺎً ﺍﻟﻌﻀﻮ ﺍﻟﻬﻴﻜﻠﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡﺑﺪﻻ ًﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻃﺎﺭ ﺑﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﻻ ﺗﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻣﺴﺘﻮﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺗﺠﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺧﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺉﻊ ﺗﻠﻚ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩﺓﻓﻲ ‪ .5.3.4.1‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺸﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﻢ ﺍﻷﺣﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺮﻭﺿﺔ ﻋﻦ‬
‫ﻃﺮﻳﻖﺍﻟﺘﻮﻗﻒ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺪء ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺮﻭﺿﺔ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻮﺿﺢ ﻓﻲ ‪ 5.3.4.2‬ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ‪20‬‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺎﺉﺔﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺤﺪ ﺍﻷﺩﻧﻰ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﺉﻴﺔ ﻟﻤﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﻢ‪.‬‬

‫‪5.3.7‬ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺰﻳﺰ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻴﻄﻲ‪.‬‬
‫‪5.3.7.1‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﻘﻞ ﺳﻤﻚ ﻗﺸﺮﺗﻬﺎ ﻋﻦ ﺑﻮﺻﺔ )‪ 9‬ﻣﻢ(‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺰﻳﺰﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺗﻮﻓﺮﻩ ﺭﺅﻭﺱ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻧﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻴﺎً ﺑﺤﻮﺍﺟﺰ ﺃﻭ ﺣﻮﺍﺟﺰ ﺃﻭ ﺃﺩﻭﺍﺕ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺔ ﺣﻠﻘﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﻳﺴُﻤﺢ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡﺃﻱ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺰﻳﺰﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺬﻛﻮﺭﺓ ﺃﻋﻼﻩ ﻓﻲ ﺻﻬﺮﻳﺞ ﺑﻀﺎﺉﻊ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕﺍﻟﻄﺒﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺸﺮ ‪NFPA‬‬

‫ﺷﺮﻛﺔﺃﺑﺎﺩﻏﻮﺳﺘﺎﺭ ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺴﺎﺕ ﺇﻳﺮﺍﻧﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﻭﺩﺓ‬ ‫‪www.atapars.com‬‬

‫‪www.atapars.com/NFPA-code/‬‬
 ‫‪5.3.7.2‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻢ ﻭﺿﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺰﻳﺰ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻴﻄﻲ ﺑﺤﻴﺚ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺤﺪ ﺍﻷﻗﺼﻰ ﻟﻠﺠﺰء ﻏﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﻮﻯ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻐﻼﻑﻛﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻣﺤﺪﺩ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻭﻝ ‪) 5.3.3.1‬ﺏ( ﻭﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻻ ﻳﺰﻳﺪ ﺑﺄﻱ ﺣﺎﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺣﻮﺍﻝ ﻋﻦ ‪ 60‬ﺑﻮﺻﺔ )‬
‫‪1500‬ﻣﻠﻢ(‪ .‬ﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ‪ ،‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﻊ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺰﻳﺰ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻴﻄﻲ ﺿﻤﻦ ‪ 1‬ﺑﻮﺻﺔ )‪ 25‬ﻣﻢ( ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺎﻁﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻻﻧﻘﻄﺎﻉ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺤﺎﺫﺍﺓ ﺻﻔﺎﺉﺢ ﺍﻟﻐﻼﻑ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﻟﻴﺔ ‪ 10‬ﺩﺭﺟﺎﺕ ﻣﺎ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻌﺰﻳﺰﻫﺎ‬
‫ﺑﺄﻋﻀﺎءﻫﻴﻜﻠﻴﺔ ﻗﺎﺩﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺎﻅ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺴﺘﻮﻳﺎﺕ ﺇﺟﻬﺎﺩ ﺻﻔﺎﺉﺢ ﺍﻟﻐﻼﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻤﻮﺡ ﺑﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ‪.5.3.6.2‬‬

‫‪5.3.7.3‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺤﻮﺍﺟﺰ ﺃﻭ ﺣﻠﻘﺎﺕ ﺭﺑﻂ ﺍﻟﺤﻮﺍﺟﺰ‪ ،‬ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﻬﺎ ﻛﺄﻋﻀﺎء ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﻠﺤﻮﻣﺔ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ‬
‫ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻲﺑﻬﻴﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ‪ .‬ﻭﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻻ ﻳﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﺎﻡ ﻋﻦ ‪ 50‬ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺎﺉﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺇﺟﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﺍﻟﻮﻋﺎء‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻻ‬
‫ﻳﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯﺍﻟﺤﺪ ﺍﻷﻗﺼﻰ ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺤﻮﻣﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻠﺔ ‪ 40‬ﻣﺮﺓ ﺳﻤﻚ ﺍﻟﻘﺸﺮﺓ‪.‬‬

‫‪5.3.7.4‬ﺃﻳﻨﻤﺎ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﻓﻴﺮ ﺣﻮﺍﺟﺰ ﻣﺰﺩﻭﺟﺔ‪ ،‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻢ ﻓﺼﻠﻬﺎ ﺑﻤﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﻫﻮﺍﺉﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﺔ‬
‫ﻫﺬﺍﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺠﻮﻱ ﻭﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﻩ ﺑﻮﺳﺎﺉﻞ ﻣﺮﺍﻓﻖ ﺍﻟﺼﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻈﻞ ﻋﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻷﻭﻗﺎﺕ)‬
‫ﺍﻧﻈﺮ‪.(9.1.8‬‬
‫‪5.3.7.5‬ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺃﺩﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﻠﻘﻴﺔ ﻟﻼﻣﺘﺜﺎﻝ ﻟﻬﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻢ‪ ،‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮﺓ ﺣﻮﻝ‬
‫ﻣﺤﻴﻂﻫﻴﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ ﻭﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﻗﺴﻢ ﺣﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﻳﺪ ﻟﻠﻘﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺉﺮﻱ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺯﻱ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻐﻼﻑﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻗﻞ ﻳﺴﺎﻭﻱ ﻣﺎ ﺗﺤﺪﺩﻩ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﻎ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪:‬‬

‫ﺃﻳﻦ‪:‬‬

‫= ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻢ )ﻓﻲ‪ (3.‬ﺩﺑﻠﻴﻮ=‬

‫ﻋﺮﺽﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺮ )ﺑﻮﺻﺔ(‬
‫ﻝ=ﺗﺒﺎﻋﺪ ﺍﻟﺤﻠﻘﺔ )ﺑﻮﺻﺔ(‪ ،‬ﺃﻱ ﺃﻗﺼﻰ ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺼﻒ ﻟﻠﻐﻼﻑ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﻋﻮﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺣﺪ‬
‫ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﻠﻘﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﻣﻨﺘﺼﻒ ﺍﻟﻐﻼﻑ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﻋﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻧﺐ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺎﺩﺓ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﻠﻘﺔ‬
‫‪5.3.7.5.1‬ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻳﺘﻢ ﻟﺤﺎﻡ ﻣﺎﺩﺓ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺔ ﺣﻠﻘﻴﺔ ﺑﻬﻴﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ )ﺣﻴﺚ ﻻ ﻳﻘﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻟﺤﺎﻡ ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻲ ﻋﻦ ‪50‬‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺎﺉﺔﻣﻦ ﺇﺟﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﺍﻟﻮﻋﺎء ﻭﻻ ﻳﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯ ﺍﻟﺤﺪ ﺍﻷﻗﺼﻰ ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺤﻮﻣﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻠﺔ‬
‫‪40‬ﺿﻌﻒ ﺳﻤﻚ ﺍﻟﺼﺪﻓﺔ(‪ ،‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺟﺰء ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻐﻼﻑ ﻳﺴُﻤﺢ ﺑﺎﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﺟﺰءﺍً ﻣﻦ ﻗﺴﻢ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﻠﻘﺔﻷﻏﺮﺍﺽ ﺣﺴﺎﺏ ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﻗﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﺤﻠﻘﺔ‪ .‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺤﺪ ﺍﻷﻗﺼﻰ ﻟﺠﺰء ﺍﻟﻐﻼﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﻫﺬﻩﺍﻟﺤﺴﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻮﺿﺢ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻭﻝ ‪.5.3.7.5.1‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻭﻝ‪ 5.3.7.5.1‬ﺟﺰء ﻏﻼﻑ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺴﺎﻫﻢ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺉﺮﻱ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺯﻱ‬
‫ﺣﻠﻘﺔﻣﺤﻴﻄﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﻠﻘﺔﻣﺤﻴﻄﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻗﺴﻢﺷﻞ ﺍﻻﺉﺘﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﺤﺎﻣﺎﺕﺍﻟﻤﻘﻮﻳﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻏﻼﻑ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﺤﺎﻣﺎﺕﺍﻟﻤﻘﻮﻳﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻏﻼﻑ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ‬
‫‪20‬ﺭ‬ ‫—‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪20‬ﺭ‪+‬ﺩﺑﻠﻴﻮ‬ ‫ﺃﻗﻞﻣﻦ ‪20‬ﺭ‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪40‬ﺭ‬ ‫‪20‬ﺭﺍﻭ ﺍﻛﺜﺮ‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕﺍﻟﻄﺒﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺸﺮ ‪NFPA‬‬

‫ﺷﺮﻛﺔﺃﺑﺎﺩﻏﻮﺳﺘﺎﺭ ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺴﺎﺕ ﺇﻳﺮﺍﻧﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﻭﺩﺓ‬ ‫‪www.atapars.com‬‬

‫‪www.atapars.com/NFPA-code/‬‬
 ‫ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻭﻝ‪ 5.3.7.5.1‬ﺟﺰء ﻏﻼﻑ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺴﺎﻫﻢ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺉﺮﻱ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺯﻱ‬
‫ﺣﻠﻘﺔﻣﺤﻴﻄﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﻠﻘﺔﻣﺤﻴﻄﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻗﺴﻢﺷﻞ ﺍﻻﺉﺘﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﺤﺎﻣﺎﺕﺍﻟﻤﻘﻮﻳﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻏﻼﻑ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﺤﺎﻣﺎﺕﺍﻟﻤﻘﻮﻳﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻏﻼﻑ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ‬
‫ﺭ‪ :‬ﺳﻤﻚ ﺍﻟﻘﺸﺮﺓ‪.‬ﺩﺑﻠﻴﻮ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﻠﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻴﻄﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻮﺍﺯﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻠﺤﺎﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺪﻓﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪5.3.7.5.2‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻳﻦ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﻠﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺭﺟﻴﺔ ﻳﺤﻴﻂ ﺑﻤﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﻫﻮﺍﺉﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻢ‬
‫ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻮﺍﺉﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﻬﻮﻳﺔ ﻭﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﺠﻬﺰﺓ ﺑﻮﺳﺎﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﺼﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻈﻞ‬
‫ﻋﺎﻣﻠﺔﻓﻲ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻷﻭﻗﺎﺕ‪.‬‬
‫‪5.3.8‬ﺍﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺿﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺤﻮﺍﺩﺙ‪.‬‬
‫‪5.3.8.1‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻭﺑﻨﺎء ﻭﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﺃﻱ ﻣﻠﺤﻘﺎﺕ ﻟﻬﻴﻜﻞ ﺃﻭ ﺭﺃﺱ ﺧﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺉﻊ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﺤﻮ‬
‫ﻳﻘﻠﻞﻣﻦ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺗﻠﻒ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺤﻘﺎﺕ ﺃﻭ ﻓﺸﻠﻬﺎ ﻣﻤﺎ ﻳﺆﺛﺮ ﺳﻠﺒﺎً ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﻼﻣﺔ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻔﺎﻅ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻨﺘﺞ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ‪.‬‬

‫‪5.3.8.2‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﻋﻀﺎء ﺍﻟﻬﻴﻜﻠﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﻹﻃﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻋﻲ ﻟﻠﺘﻌﻠﻴﻖ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻻﻧﻘﻼﺏ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺤﻠﻘﺎﺕﺍﻟﺨﺎﺭﺟﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎً‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﻟﺮﺑﻂ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺤﻘﺎﺕ ﻭﺃﻱ ﻣﻠﺤﻘﺎﺕ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﺑﺨﺰﺍﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺉﻊ‪.‬‬
‫‪5.3.8.3‬ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎء ﻣﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺹ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻓﻲ ‪ ،5.3.8.5‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻢ ﻟﺤﺎﻡ ﺃﻱ ﻣﻠﺤﻘﺎﺕ ﻟﻠﺼﺪﻓﺔ ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺮﺃﺱﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺭﺑﻄﻬﺎ ﺑﻠﻮﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺜﺒﻴﺖ‪.‬‬
‫‪5.3.8.3.1‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻻ ﻳﻘﻞ ﺳﻤﻚ ﻟﻮﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺜﺒﻴﺖ ﻋﻦ ﺳﻤﻚ ﺍﻟﻘﺸﺮﺓ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺮﺃﺱ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻓﻘﺔ ﺑﻪ‪.‬‬

‫‪5.3.8.3.2‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻤﺘﺪ ﻭﺳﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺜﺒﻴﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻗﻞ ‪ 2‬ﺑﻮﺻﺔ )‪ 50‬ﻣﻢ( ﻓﻲ ﻛﻞ ﺍﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻱ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬
‫ﺭﺑﻂﻷﺣﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺤﻘﺎﺕ‪.‬‬
‫‪5.3.8.3.3‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻭﺳﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺜﺒﻴﺖ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺯﻭﺍﻳﺎ ﻣﺴﺘﺪﻳﺮﺓ ﺃﻭ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻠﻬﺎ ﺑﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺗﻤﻨﻊ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺰﺍﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻂﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻐﻼﻑ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺮﺃﺱ‪.‬‬
‫‪5.3.8.3.4‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺭﺑﻂ ﻭﺳﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺜﺒﻴﺖ ﺑﻠﺤﺎﻡ ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮ ﺣﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻮﺳﺎﺩﺓ‪.‬‬
‫‪5.3.8.4‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺭﺑﻂ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺤﻘﺎﺕ ﺑﻤﻨﺼﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺜﺒﻴﺖ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻻ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺃﻱ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﺳﻠﺒﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﻼﻣﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻔﺎﻅﺑﺎﻟﻤﻨﺘﺞ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺗﻢ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ ﺃﻱ ﻗﻮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺤﻘﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ ﺃﻱ ﺍﺗﺠﺎﻩ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎء ﺍﻻﺗﺠﺎﻩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲﻟﻠﺨﺰﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 45‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ‪.‬‬
‫‪5.3.8.5‬ﻫﻴﺎﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﺤﻮﺍﻑ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﺸﺎﺑﻚ ﺍﻟﻘﻨﻮﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﺸﺎﺑﻚ ﺧﻂ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺍﻣﻞ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻠﺤﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺎﺛﻠﺔ ﺧﻔﻴﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺯﻥ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺳﻤﺎﻛﺔ ﻣﻌﺪﻧﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺑﻨﺎء ﺃﻭ ﻣﺎﺩﺓ ﺃﻗﻞ ﻗﻮﺓ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻣﻠﺤﻮﻅ ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻻ ﺗﺰﻳﺪ ﻋﻦ ‪ 72‬ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺎﺉﺔ‬
‫ﻣﻦﺳﻤﻚ ﻫﻴﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺮﺃﺱ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻞ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ‪ ،‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﺡ ﺑﺘﺄﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰﻫﻴﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ ﺃﻭ ﺭﺃﺳﻪ‪ ،‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﺗﻢ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻛﻞ ﺟﻬﺎﺯ ﻭﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻪ ﺑﺤﻴﺚ ﻻ ﻳﺆﺛﺮ ﺍﻟﻀﺮﺭ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻠﺤﻖ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺳﻼﻣﺔﺍﻻﺣﺘﻔﺎﻅ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻨﺘﺞ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ‪.‬‬

‫‪5.3.8.5.1‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺤﻘﺎﺕ ﺧﻔﻴﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺯﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﻴﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻤﺮ‬
‫ﺃﻭﺑﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺗﻤﻨﻊ ﺗﻜﻮﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﺠﻴﻮﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺼﺒﺢ ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﻟﻠﺘﺂﻛﻞ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻲ‪.‬‬

‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕﺍﻟﻄﺒﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺸﺮ ‪NFPA‬‬

‫ﺷﺮﻛﺔﺃﺑﺎﺩﻏﻮﺳﺘﺎﺭ ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺴﺎﺕ ﺇﻳﺮﺍﻧﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﻭﺩﺓ‬ ‫‪www.atapars.com‬‬

‫‪www.atapars.com/NFPA-code/‬‬
 ‫‪5.3.8.6‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺰﻭﻳﺪ ﻛﻞ ﺧﺰﺍﻥ ﺑﻀﺎﺉﻊ ﺑﻤﺼﺪ ﺧﻠﻔﻲ ﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ ﻭﺍﻷﻧﺎﺑﻴﺐ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺣﺪﻭﺙ‬
‫ﺗﺼﺎﺩﻡﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻒ ﻭﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﻞ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﺻﻄﺪﺍﻡ ﺃﻱ ﺟﺰء ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻛﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺼﺎﺩﻣﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ‪.‬‬

‫‪5.3.8.6.1‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻌﺪ ‪ 6‬ﺑﻮﺻﺎﺕ )‪ 150‬ﻣﻢ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻗﻞ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺠﺰء ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻔﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻱ ﻣﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﻣﻜﻮﻧﺎﺕﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺓ ﻳﺴُﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻷﻏﺮﺍﺽ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺮﻳﻎ ﺃﻭ ﻗﺪ ﻳﺤﺘﻮﻱ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻱ ﻭﻗﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﺤﻦ ﺃﺛﻨﺎء ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻞ‪.‬‬

‫‪5.3.8.6.2‬ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺣﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﺑﻌﺎﺩ‪ ،‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻮﺍﻓﻖ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺪ ﻣﻊ ﻟﻮﺍﺉﺢ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻞ ﺍﻷﻣﺮﻳﻜﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ‪CFR 49‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺠﺰء‪" ،393.86‬ﻭﺍﻗﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻔﻴﺔ ﻭﺣﻤﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻔﻴﺔ"‪ .‬ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺣﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻴﻜﻠﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻳﺠﺐ‬
‫ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢﺍﻟﻤﺼﺪ ﺑﺤﻴﺚ ﻳﻤﺘﺺ ﺑﻨﺠﺎﺡ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺓ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﻮﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺪﺭﺓ )ﺃﻱ ﻣﻨﻊ ﺍﻟﻀﺮﺭ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻗﺪ‬
‫ﻳﺘﺴﺒﺐﻓﻲ ﺗﺴﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺞ(‪ ،‬ﻣﻊ ﺗﺒﺎﻃﺆ ﻗﺪﺭﻩ ‪ 2‬ﺟﺮﺍﻡ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺃﻣﺎﻥ ﻗﺪﺭﻩ ‪ 2‬ﺑﻨﺎء ًﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﺉﻴﺔﻣﻦ ﻣﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻮﻓﻴﺮ‪.‬‬

‫‪5.3.8.6.3‬ﻭﻷﻏﺮﺍﺽ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺍﺉﺢ‪ ،‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﻣﻮﺯﻋﺎً ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻣﻮﺣﺪ ﻭﻣﻄﺒﻖ ﺃﻓﻘﻴﺎً )ﻣﻮﺍﺯﻳﺎً‬
‫ﻟﻸﺭﺽ( ﻣﻦ ﺃﻱ ﺍﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻭﺑﺰﺍﻭﻳﺔ ﻻ ﺗﺰﻳﺪ ﻋﻦ ‪ 30‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﻟﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﻛﺒﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪5.3.9‬ﺍﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻻﻧﻘﻼﺏ‪.‬‬
‫‪5.3.9.1‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺔ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﻣﻐﻼﻗﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﺉﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻏﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺘﻴﺶ ﺃﻭ ﻓﺘﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺘﻴﺶ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻠﻒ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱﻗﺪ ﻳﺆﺩﻱ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺗﺴﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﺸﺤﻦ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻛﺒﺔ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﺑﺘﻄﻮﻳﻘﻬﺎ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺟﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﺒﺔﺍﻟﻤﻠﺤﻘﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ ﺃﻭ ﺑﻮﺍﺳﻄﺔ ﺣﺮﺍﺱ‪.‬‬
‫‪5.3.9.2‬ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺣﺎﺟﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻭﺍﻗﻴﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻤﻬﺎ ﻭﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻬﺎ ﺑﺤﻴﺚ ﺗﺘﺤﻤﻞ ﺣﻤﻼ ًﺭﺃﺳﻴﺎ ًﻳﺒﻠﻎ‬
‫ﺿﻌﻒﻭﺯﻥ ﺍﻟﺼﻬﺮﻳﺞ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻤﻞ ﻭﺣﻤﻼ ًﺃﻓﻘﻴﺎ ًﻓﻲ ﺃﻱ ﺍﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻳﻌﺎﺩﻝ ﻧﺼﻒ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺍﻟﺼﻬﺮﻳﺞ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻤﻞ‪ .‬ﻭﻳﺠﺐ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﺡﺑﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺃﺣﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻞ‪.‬‬

‫‪5.3.9.2.1‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﺉﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﻛﻘﺎﻋﺪﺓ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪5.3.9.2.2‬ﻭﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺎﺭﺱ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ‪ ،‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺤﻤﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﻧﺼﻴﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﻮﻟﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪5.3.9.2.3‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﺗﻢ ﺃﺧﺬ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ ﺑﺨﻼﻑ ﺍﻟﺤﺮﺍﺱ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻻﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﺠﺐ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ ﻧﻔﺲ ﻣﻌﺎﻳﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻤﻲ‪.‬‬
‫‪5.3.9.3‬ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎء ﻓﺘﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﻮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺸﻐﻴﻠﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻀﻐﻂ‪ ،‬ﻻ ﻳﻠﺰﻡ ﺗﻮﻓﻴﺮ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻻﻧﻘﻼﺏ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻔﻮﻫﺎﺕﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺒﺎﺕ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﻘﻞ ﻗﻄﺮﻫﺎ ﻋﻦ ‪ 5‬ﺑﻮﺻﺎﺕ )‪ 125‬ﻣﻠﻢ( )ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻻ ﺗﺤﺘﻮﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻣﻨﺘﺞﺃﺛﻨﺎء ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻞ( ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺒﺮﺯ ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺔ ﺃﻗﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺮ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻲ ﻟﻠﺘﺮﻛﻴﺐ‪ .‬ﻳﺴُﻤﺢ ﺑﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻮﻗﻌﺔﺇﻣﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻐﻼﻑ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﻠﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎﻭﺭﺓ ﺑﺸﺮﻁ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﻮﻱ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺣﺪﻭﺩ‪ 30‬ﺑﻮﺻﺔ )‪ 750‬ﻣﻢ( ﻣﻦ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﻔﻮﻫﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺐ‪.‬‬

‫‪5.3.9.4‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﺗﻢ ﺇﻧﺸﺎء ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻻﻧﻘﻼﺏ ﺑﺤﻴﺚ ﻳﺴﻤﺢ ﺑﺘﺮﺍﻛﻢ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺉﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺠﺰء ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻱ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ‪،‬ﻓﻴﺠﺐ ﺗﺰﻭﻳﺪﻩ ﺑﻮﺳﺎﺉﻞ ﺗﺼﺮﻳﻒ ﻣﻮﺟﻬﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺗﺼﺮﻳﻒ ﺁﻣﻨﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪5.3.10‬ﺍﻷﻧﺎﺑﻴﺐ‪.‬‬

‫‪5.3.10.1‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺰﻭﺩ ﺃﻧﺎﺑﻴﺐ ﺗﻔﺮﻳﻎ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺞ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ ﺑﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺗﻀﻤﻦ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻣﻌﻘﻮﻝ ﺿﺪ ﺍﻟﻬﺮﻭﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺿﻲﻟﻠﻤﺤﺘﻮﻳﺎﺕ‪ .‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬
‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕﺍﻟﻄﺒﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺸﺮ ‪NFPA‬‬

‫ﺷﺮﻛﺔﺃﺑﺎﺩﻏﻮﺳﺘﺎﺭ ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺴﺎﺕ ﺇﻳﺮﺍﻧﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﻭﺩﺓ‬ ‫‪www.atapars.com‬‬

‫‪www.atapars.com/NFPA-code/‬‬
 ‫ﻳﺴُﻤﺢﺑﺘﻘﺪﻳﻤﻬﺎ ﺑﻮﺍﺳﻄﺔ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺍﻹﺟﺮﺍءﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫)‪ (1‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﻭﺿﻊ ﻗﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﻘﺺ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻘﻌﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻋﺪ ﺻﻤﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﺍﺭﺉ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺔ ‪ 4‬ﺑﻮﺻﺎﺕ )‪100‬‬
‫ﻣﻢ( ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﻴﻨﺔ‪ .‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻨﻜﺴﺮ ﻗﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﻘﺺ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻭﻳﺘﺮﻙ ﻣﻘﻌﺪ ﺻﻤﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﺍﺭﺉ‬
‫ﻭﻣﻠﺤﻘﻪﺑﺎﻟﻮﻋﺎء ﻭﺭﺃﺱ ﺍﻟﺼﻤﺎﻡ ﺳﻠﻴﻤﻴﻦ ﻭﻗﺎﺩﺭﻳﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻔﺎﻅ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻨﺘﺞ‪ .‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ‬
‫ﻗﺴﻢﺍﻟﻘﺺ ﺑﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺗﻘﻠﻞ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻣﻔﺎﺟﺊ ﺳﻤﺎﻛﺔ ﺟﺪﺍﺭ ﻣﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻷﻧﺎﺑﻴﺐ )ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺼﻤﺎﻡ( ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎﻭﺭﺓ‬
‫ﺑﻨﺴﺒﺔ‪ 20‬ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺎﺉﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻗﻞ‪.‬‬

‫)‪ (2‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ ﻗﺎﺩﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻣﺘﺼﺎﺹ ﻗﻮﺓ ﺃﻓﻘﻴﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﺓ ﻻ ﺗﻘﻞ ﻋﻦ ‪ 8000‬ﺭﻃﻞ )‬
‫‪3630‬ﻛﺠﻢ( ﺑﻨﺠﺎﺡ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻱ ﺍﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺃﻓﻘﻲ‪ ،‬ﺩﻭﻥ ﺇﺗﻼﻑ ﺃﻧﺎﺑﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺮﻳﻎ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻗﺪ ﺗﺆﺛﺮ ﺳﻠﺒﺎً ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺳﻼﻣﺔﺍﻻﺣﺘﻔﺎﻅ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻨﺘﺞ ﻓﻲ ﺻﻤﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺮﻳﻎ‪.‬‬

‫‪5.3.10.2‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺤﺪ ﺍﻷﺩﻧﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻤﻮﺡ ﺑﻪ ﻟﺨﻠﻮﺹ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ ﻷﻱ ﻣﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻜﻮﻧﺎﺕ ﺧﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺉﻊ‬
‫ﺃﻭﺟﻬﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺃﻱ ﻣﺤﻮﺭﻳﻦ ﻣﺘﺠﺎﻭﺭﻳﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻛﺒﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻛﺒﺎﺕ ½ ﺑﻮﺻﺔ )‪ 12.5‬ﻣﻢ(‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰﺍﻷﻗﻞ ﻟﻜﻞ ﻗﺪﻡ ﺗﻔﺼﻞ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﻭﺭ ﻭﻻ ﻳﻘﻞ ﺑﺄﻱ ﺣﺎﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺣﻮﺍﻝ ﻋﻦ ‪ 12‬ﺑﻮﺻﺔ )‪ 300‬ﻣﻠﻢ(‪.‬‬

‫‪5.3.10.3‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺨﺮﺍﻃﻴﻢ ﻭﺍﻷﻧﺎﺑﻴﺐ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺨﺰﺍﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺳﻴﺘﻢ ﺗﻔﺮﻳﻐﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﻀﻐﻂﻣﺼﻤﻤﺔ ﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﺍﻧﻔﺠﺎﺭ ﻻ ﻳﻘﻞ ﻋﻦ ‪ 100‬ﺭﻃﻞ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺑﻮﺻﺔ ﻣﺮﺑﻌﺔ )‪ 689.5‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮ ﺑﺎﺳﻜﺎﻝ(‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻻ‬
‫ﻳﻘﻞﺑﺄﻱ ﺣﺎﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺣﻮﺍﻝ ﻋﻦ ﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﺃﺿﻌﺎﻑ ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻗﺪ ﻳﺘﻌﺮﺽ ﻟﻪ ﺃﺛﻨﺎء ﺍﻟﺨﺪﻣﺔ‪ .‬ﺑﻮﺍﺳﻄﺔ ﺃﻱ‬
‫ﻣﻀﺨﺔﻣﺜﺒﺘﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺓ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻱ ﺟﻬﺎﺯ ﺁﺧﺮ )ﻻ ﻳﺸﻤﻞ ﺻﻤﺎﻣﺎﺕ ﺗﺨﻔﻴﻒ ﺍﻷﻣﺎﻥ(‪ .‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺃﻱ‬
‫ﻭﺻﻠﺔﺗﻮﺻﻴﻞ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺨﺮﻃﻮﻡ ﻹﺟﺮﺍء ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺻﻴﻼﺕ ﻣﺼﻤﻤﺔ ﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﺗﺸﻐﻴﻞ ﻻ ﻳﻘﻞ ﻋﻦ ‪ 20‬ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺎﺉﺔ‬
‫ﺯﻳﺎﺩﺓﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻤﻲ ﻟﻠﺨﺮﻃﻮﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﺼﻤﻤﺔ ﺑﺤﻴﺚ ﻻ ﻳﺤﺪﺙ ﺃﻱ ﺗﺴﺮﺏ ﻋﻨﺪ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺻﻴﻞ‪.‬‬
‫‪5.3.10.4‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺍﺗﺨﺎﺫ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺍﺑﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻛﻞ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﻟﻠﺴﻤﺎﺡ ﻭﻣﻨﻊ ﺍﻟﻀﺮﺭ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺪﺩ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻻﻧﻜﻤﺎﺵﻭﺍﻟﺘﻨﺎﻓﺮ ﻭﺍﻻﻫﺘﺰﺍﺯ ﻟﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻷﻧﺎﺑﻴﺐ‪ .‬ﻻ ﻳﺠﻮﺯ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺎﺻﻞ ﺍﻻﻧﺰﻻﻗﻴﺔ ﻟﻬﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺽ‪.‬‬

‫‪5.3.10.5‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻠﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﺨﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻋﻨﺪ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺑﺤﻴﺚ ﻻ ﻳﺆﺩﻱ ﺍﻧﻘﻄﺎﻉ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻼﺗﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺭﺟﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺇﻟﻰﺗﺴﺮﺏ ﻣﺤﺘﻮﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ‪.‬‬
‫‪5.3.10.6‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺰﻭﺩ ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﻭﻣﺪﺧﻞ ﺍﻟﻬﻮﺍء‪ ،‬ﺑﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺻﻤﺎﻣﺎﺗﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺑﻮﺳﺎﺉﻞ‬
‫ﻛﺎﻓﻴﺔﻹﻏﻼﻗﻬﺎ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺁﻣﻦ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺠﺐ ﺗﻮﻓﻴﺮ ﻭﺳﺎﺉﻞ ﻹﻏﻼﻕ ﻭﺻﻼﺕ ﺃﻧﺎﺑﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﺼﻤﺎﻣﺎﺕ‪.‬‬

‫‪5.3.11‬ﺇﻏﻼﻕ ﻓﺘﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﺉﺔ ﻭﻏﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺘﻴﺶ‪.‬‬

‫‪5.3.11.1‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻮﻝ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻛﻞ ﺣﺠﺮﺓ ﺗﺰﻳﺪ ﺳﻌﺘﻬﺎ ﻋﻦ ‪ 2500‬ﺟﺎﻟﻮﻥ )‪ 9500‬ﻟﺘﺮ( ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻓﺘﺤﺔ‬
‫ﻻﺗﻘﻞ ﻋﻦ ‪ 11‬ﺑﻮﺻﺔ × ‪ 15‬ﺑﻮﺻﺔ )‪ 280‬ﻣﻢ × ‪ 380‬ﻣﻢ(‪.‬‬
‫‪5.3.11.2‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺃﻏﻄﻴﺔ ﻓﺘﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺘﻴﺶ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻞء ﺑﺤﻴﺚ ﺗﻮﻓﺮ ﺇﻏﻼﻗﺎ ًﺁﻣﻨﺎ ًﻟﻠﻔﺘﺤﺎﺕ‪.‬‬

‫‪5.3.11.3‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺘﻤﺘﻊ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﻏﻼﻕ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺪﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻬﻴﻜﻠﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺤﻤﻞ ﺿﻐﻂ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻲ‬
‫ﺑﻤﻘﺪﺍﺭ‪ 9‬ﺭﻃﻞ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺑﻮﺻﺔ ﻣﺮﺑﻌﺔ )ﺿﻐﻂ ﻣﻘﻴﺎﺱ ‪ 62‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮ ﺑﺎﺳﻜﺎﻝ( ﺩﻭﻥ ﺗﺸﻮﻩ ﺩﺍﺉﻢ‪.‬‬
‫‪5.3.11.4‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺗﻮﻓﻴﺮ ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ ﻟﻤﻨﻊ ﻓﺘﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺘﻴﺶ ﻭﺃﻏﻄﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺩﻡ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ‬
‫ﻋﻨﺪﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺿﻐﻂ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻲ‪.‬‬

‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕﺍﻟﻄﺒﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺸﺮ ‪NFPA‬‬

‫ﺷﺮﻛﺔﺃﺑﺎﺩﻏﻮﺳﺘﺎﺭ ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺴﺎﺕ ﺇﻳﺮﺍﻧﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﻭﺩﺓ‬ ‫‪www.atapars.com‬‬

‫‪www.atapars.com/NFPA-code/‬‬
 ‫‪5.3.12‬ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﻳﺔ ﻟﺼﻬﺎﺭﻳﺞ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺉﻊ ﻓﻲ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺧﺪﻣﺔ ﺍﻷﺳﻔﻠﺖ‪.‬‬
‫‪5.3.12.1‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺰﻭﺩ ﻛﻞ ﺣﺠﺮﺓ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻘﺼﻮﺭﺓ ﺧﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺉﻊ ﺑﺄﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺲ ﻟﻠﺴﻼﻣﺔ ﺗﺘﻮﺍﺻﻞ ﻣﻊ‬
‫ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺧﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺉﻊ ﻭﻓﻘﺎ ًﻟﻠﻤﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺭﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻢ‪.‬‬

‫‪5.3.12.1.1‬ﻻ ﻳﺠﻮﺯ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﺻﻤﺎﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﻏﻼﻕ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻓﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ ﻭﺃﻱ ﺟﻬﺎﺯ ﺃﻣﺎﻥ‪.‬‬

‫‪5.3.12.1.2‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺲ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺗﻐﻄﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﺃﻭ ﺗﺼﺮﻳﻔﻬﺎ ﻟﻤﻨﻊ ﺗﺮﺍﻛﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﺎﻩ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻗﺪ‬
‫ﻳﺆﺩﻱﺗﺠﻤﻴﺪﻫﺎ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺇﺿﻌﺎﻑ ﺗﺸﻐﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺎﺯ ﺃﻭ ﻗﺪﺭﺗﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺮﻳﻎ‪.‬‬

‫‪5.3.12.2‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺰﻭﺩ ﻛﻞ ﺣﺠﺮﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺠﺮﺍﺕ ﺻﻬﺎﺭﻳﺞ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺉﻊ ﺑﻔﺘﺤﺎﺕ ﺿﻐﻂ ﻋﺎﺩﻳﺔ ﻭﻓﺘﺤﺎﺕ ﺗﻔﺮﻳﻎ‪ ،‬ﺑﺤﻴﺚ‬
‫ﻳﻜﻮﻥﻟﻜﻞ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺻﺎﻓﻲ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﻣﻘﻄﻊ ﻋﺮﺿﻲ ﺣﺮ ﻻ ﻳﻘﻞ ﻋﻦ ‪ 0.44‬ﺑﻮﺻﺔ‪ 284)2.‬ﻣﻠﻢ‪ .(2‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺿﺒﻂ ﻓﺘﺤﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻂﻟﺘﻔﺘﺢ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺿﻐﻂ ﻗﻴﺎﺱ ﻻ ﻳﺰﻳﺪ ﻋﻦ ‪ 1‬ﺭﻃﻞ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺑﻮﺻﺔ ﻣﺮﺑﻌﺔ )‪ 6.9‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮ ﺑﺎﺳﻜﺎﻝ(‪ .‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺿﺒﻂ ﻓﺘﺤﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺮﻳﻎﻟﺘﻔﺘﺢ ﻋﻨﺪ ‪ 6‬ﺃﻭﻧﺼﺔ )‪ 170‬ﺟﻢ(‪.‬‬

‫‪5.3.12.3‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻓﺘﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺮﺍﻍ ﻟﻤﻨﻊ ﻓﻘﺪﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺉﻞ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺓ‪.‬‬

‫‪5.3.12.4‬ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺣﺠﺮﺓ ﺧﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺉﻊ ﻣﺼﻤﻤﺔ ﻟﻴﺘﻢ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻠﻬﺎ ﺃﻭ ﺗﻔﺮﻳﻐﻬﺎ ﻣﻊ ﺇﻏﻼﻕ ﻏﻄﺎء ﺍﻟﻘﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺤﺪﺩ‬
‫ﻓﺘﺤﺔﺍﻟﺘﻬﻮﻳﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺻﻮﻓﺔ ﻓﻲ ‪ 5.3.12.2‬ﺃﻭ ﻓﺘﺤﺎﺕ ﺇﺿﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺍﻍ ﺇﻟﻰ ‪ 1‬ﺭﻃﻞ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺑﻮﺻﺔ ﻣﺮﺑﻌﺔ )‪ 6.9‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺳﻜﺎﻝ( ﻭﺿﻐﻂ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺿﻐﻂ ﻗﻴﺎﺱ ﻗﺪﺭﻩ ‪ 3‬ﺭﻃﻞ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺑﻮﺻﺔ ﻣﺮﺑﻌﺔ )‪ 20.7‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮ ﺑﺎﺳﻜﺎﻝ( ﺑﻨﺎء ًﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺤﺪ ﺍﻷﻗﺼﻰ‬
‫ﻟﻤﻌﺪﻝﻧﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺞ‪.‬‬

‫‪5.3.12.4.1‬ﻣﺎ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﻓﻴﺮ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺔ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﺔ ﺿﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﻞء ﺍﻟﺰﺍﺉﺪ‪ ،‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺘﻤﺘﻊ ﻓﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﺑﺴﻌﺔ‬
‫ﺳﺎﺉﻠﺔﻛﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﻟﻤﻨﻊ ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺠﺎﻭﺯ ﺿﻐﻂ ﻗﻴﺎﺱ ﻗﺪﺭﻩ ‪ 3‬ﺭﻃﻞ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺑﻮﺻﺔ ﻣﺮﺑﻌﺔ )‪ 20.7‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮ ﺑﺎﺳﻜﺎﻝ(‬
‫ﻓﻲﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻞء ﺍﻟﺰﺍﺉﺪ ﻋﻦ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻗﺼﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪5.3.12.4.2‬ﻳﺴُﻤﺢ ﺑﺘﺸﻐﻴﻞ ﻓﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺑﺎﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﺃﻭ ﺗﺸﺎﺑﻜﻬﺎ ﻣﻊ ﺟﻬﺎﺯ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ ﻭﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﺗﻜﻮﻥﻣﺼﻤﻤﺔ ﻟﻤﻨﻊ ﻓﻘﺪﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺉﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻓﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﻮﻳﺔ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺃﻱ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺓ‪.‬‬

‫‪5.3.13‬ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺲ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﺍﺭﺉ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﺽ ﻟﻠﺤﺮﻳﻖ‪.‬‬

‫‪5.3.13.1‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻻ ﺗﻘﻞ ﺳﻌﺔ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺲ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﺍﺭﺉ ﺍﻹﺟﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﻌﺒﺔ‪/‬ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ )ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﻜﻌﺐ‪/‬ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ(‬
‫ﻟﻜﻞﻣﻘﺼﻮﺭﺓ ﺧﺰﺍﻥ ﺑﻀﺎﺉﻊ ﻋﻦ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻭﻝ ‪.5.3.13.1‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻭﻝ‪ 5.3.13.1‬ﺍﻟﺤﺪ ﺍﻷﺩﻧﻰ ﻟﻘﺪﺭﺓ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺲ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﺍﺭﺉ‬

‫ﻣﻌُﺮﺽﻝ‬
‫ﻗﺪﺭﺓﺗﻨﻔﻴﺲ ﺍﻟﻬﻮﺍء ﺍﻟﺤﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﺪﺭﺓﺗﻨﻔﻴﺲ ﺍﻟﻬﻮﺍء ﺍﻟﺤﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔﺍﻟﻤﻜﺸﻮﻓﺔ‬
‫)ﻗﺪﻡ‪/3‬ﺳﺎﻋﺔ(*‬ ‫)ﻗﺪﻡ‪(2‬‬ ‫)ﻗﺪﻡ‪/3‬ﺳﺎﻋﺔ(*‬ ‫)ﻗﺪﻡ‪(2‬‬

‫‪214,300‬‬ ‫‪275‬‬ ‫‪15800‬‬ ‫‪20‬‬

‫‪225,100‬‬ ‫‪300‬‬ ‫‪23,700‬‬ ‫‪30‬‬
‫‪245,700‬‬ ‫‪350‬‬ ‫‪31,600‬‬ ‫‪40‬‬
‫‪265,000‬‬ ‫‪400‬‬ ‫‪39,500‬‬ ‫‪50‬‬
‫‪283,200‬‬ ‫‪450‬‬ ‫‪47,400‬‬ ‫‪60‬‬
‫‪300,600‬‬ ‫‪500‬‬ ‫‪55,300‬‬ ‫‪70‬‬
‫‪317,300‬‬ ‫‪550‬‬ ‫‪63,300‬‬ ‫‪80‬‬

‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕﺍﻟﻄﺒﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺸﺮ ‪NFPA‬‬

‫ﺷﺮﻛﺔﺃﺑﺎﺩﻏﻮﺳﺘﺎﺭ ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺴﺎﺕ ﺇﻳﺮﺍﻧﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﻭﺩﺓ‬ ‫‪www.atapars.com‬‬

‫‪www.atapars.com/NFPA-code/‬‬
 ‫ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻭﻝ‪ 5.3.13.1‬ﺍﻟﺤﺪ ﺍﻷﺩﻧﻰ ﻟﻘﺪﺭﺓ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺲ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﺍﺭﺉ‬

‫ﻣﻌُﺮﺽﻝ‬
‫ﻗﺪﺭﺓﺗﻨﻔﻴﺲ ﺍﻟﻬﻮﺍء ﺍﻟﺤﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﺪﺭﺓﺗﻨﻔﻴﺲ ﺍﻟﻬﻮﺍء ﺍﻟﺤﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔﺍﻟﻤﻜﺸﻮﻓﺔ‬
‫)ﻗﺪﻡ‪/3‬ﺳﺎﻋﺔ(*‬ ‫)ﻗﺪﻡ‪(2‬‬ ‫)ﻗﺪﻡ‪/3‬ﺳﺎﻋﺔ(*‬ ‫)ﻗﺪﻡ‪(2‬‬

‫‪333,300‬‬ ‫‪600‬‬ ‫‪71,200‬‬ ‫‪90‬‬

‫‪348,800‬‬ ‫‪650‬‬ ‫‪79,100‬‬ ‫‪100‬‬
‫‪363,700‬‬ ‫‪700‬‬ ‫‪94,900‬‬ ‫‪120‬‬
‫‪378,200‬‬ ‫‪750‬‬ ‫‪110,700‬‬ ‫‪140‬‬
‫‪392,200‬‬ ‫‪800‬‬ ‫‪126,500‬‬ ‫‪160‬‬
‫‪405,900‬‬ ‫‪850‬‬ ‫‪142,300‬‬ ‫‪180‬‬
‫‪419,300‬‬ ‫‪900‬‬ ‫‪158,100‬‬ ‫‪200‬‬
‫‪432,300‬‬ ‫‪950‬‬ ‫‪191,300‬‬ ‫‪225‬‬
‫‪445,000‬‬ ‫‪1000‬‬ ‫‪203,100‬‬ ‫‪250‬‬
‫ﻟﻮﺣﺪﺍﺕ‪ SI، 1‬ﻗﺪﻡ‪ 0.093 =2‬ﻡ‪2‬؛ ‪ 1‬ﻗﺪﻡ‪ 0.028 =3‬ﻡ‪.3‬‬
‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ‪:‬ﺍﺳﺘﻴﻔﺎء ﻟﻸﺣﺠﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻮﺳﻄﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻋﻨﺪ‪ 14.7‬ﺭﻃﻞ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺑﻮﺻﺔ ﻣﺮﺑﻌﺔ )‪ 101.3‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮ ﺑﺎﺳﻜﺎﻝ( ﻭ‪ 60‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻓﻬﺮﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ )‪ 15.6‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻣﺉﻮﻳﺔ(‬
‫*‬

‫‪5.3.13.2‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻘﺼﻮﺭﺓ ﻟﺼﻬﺎﺭﻳﺞ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺉﻊ ﻣﺠﻬﺰﺓ ﺑﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺘﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﻮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺸﻐﻴﻠﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻀﻐﻂ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﺘﻢ‬
‫ﻓﺘﺤﻬﺎﻋﻨﺪ ﺿﻐﻂ ﻗﻴﺎﺱ ﻻ ﻳﻘﻞ ﻋﻦ ‪ 3‬ﺭﻃﻞ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺑﻮﺻﺔ ﻣﺮﺑﻌﺔ )‪ 20.7‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮ ﺑﺎﺳﻜﺎﻝ( ﻭﺗﻐﻠﻖ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻳﻨﺨﻔﺾ ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻣﺎ ﺩﻭﻥ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪﺍﻟﺒﺎﻟﻐﺔ ‪ 3‬ﺭﻃﻞ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺑﻮﺻﺔ ﻣﺮﺑﻌﺔ )‪ 20.7‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮ ﺑﺎﺳﻜﺎﻝ(‪.‬‬

‫ﻗﺪﻡ‪3‬‬ ‫‪5.3.13.2.1‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺤﺪ ﺍﻷﺩﻧﻰ ﻟﻘﺪﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺲ ﻟﻠﻔﺘﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻌﻤﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﻀﻐﻂ ‪6000‬‬
‫)‪ 170‬ﻡ‪ (3‬ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻬﻮﺍء ﺍﻟﺤﺮ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ ]ﻳﺘﻢ ﻗﻴﺎﺳﻪ ﻓﻲ ﻇﺮﻭﻑ ﻗﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﺗﺒﻠﻎ ‪ 14.7‬ﺭﻃﻞ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺑﻮﺻﺔ ﻣﺮﺑﻌﺔ )‪ 101.3‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮ ﺑﺎﺳﻜﺎﻝ( ﻭ‪ 60‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻓﻬﺮﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ )‪15.6‬‬
‫ﺩﺭﺟﺔﻣﺉﻮﻳﺔ([ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺿﻐﻂ ﻗﻴﺎﺱ ﻳﺒﻠﻎ ‪ 5‬ﺭﻃﻞ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺑﻮﺻﺔ ﻣﺮﺑﻌﺔ )‪ 35‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮ ﺑﺎﺳﻜﺎﻝ(‪.‬‬

‫‪5.3.13.2.2‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺍﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻌﻤﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﺑﺤﻴﺚ ﺗﻤﻨﻊ ﺗﺴﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺉﻞ ﻋﺒﺮ ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺎﺯ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔﺣﺪﻭﺙ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﻣﻔﺎﺟﺊ ﺃﻭ ﺍﺿﻄﺮﺍﺏ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﺇﻻ ﺃﻧﻬﺎ ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻌﻤﻞ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻂ‬
‫ﻓﻲﺃﻱ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺓ‪.‬‬
‫‪5.3.13.3‬ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻻ ﺗﻮﻓﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﻮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻐﻠﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ ﺑﻤﻮﺟﺐ ‪ 5.3.13.2‬ﺳﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺲ‬
‫ﺍﻹﺟﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ ﺑﻤﻮﺟﺐ ‪ ،5.3.13.1‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺗﻮﻓﻴﺮ ﺳﻌﺔ ﺇﺿﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺇﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﺔ‬
‫ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔﻟﻼﻧﺼﻬﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﺗﺒﻠﻎ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ‪ 1.25‬ﺑﻮﺻﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻗﻞ‪ 800)2.‬ﻣﻠﻢ‪.(2‬‬
‫‪5.3.13.3.1‬ﻭﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻢ ﻭﺿﻊ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﻧﺼﻬﺎﺭ ﺑﺤﻴﺚ ﻻ ﺗﺘﻼﻣﺲ ﻣﻊ ﺗﻌﺒﺉﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ‬
‫ﻓﻲﻇﻞ ﻇﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻐﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﻳﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪5.3.13.3.2‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺗﺸﻐﻴﻞ ﻓﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﻮﻳﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﻧﺼﻬﺎﺭ ﺑﻮﺍﺳﻄﺔ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺗﻌﻤﻞ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﻻ‬
‫ﺗﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯ‪ 250‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻓﻬﺮﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ )‪ 120‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻣﺉﻮﻳﺔ(‪.‬‬

‫‪5.3.13.3.3‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻘﻴﻴﻢ ﻗﺪﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺲ ﻟﻬﺬﻩ ﺍﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺿﻐﻂ ﻗﻴﺎﺱ ﻻ ﻳﺰﻳﺪ ﻋﻦ ‪ 5‬ﺭﻃﻞ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺑﻮﺻﺔ‬
‫ﻣﺮﺑﻌﺔ)‪ 35‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮ ﺑﺎﺳﻜﺎﻝ(‪.‬‬

‫‪5.3.13.3.4‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺟﻬﺎﺯﻳﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻗﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻉ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻱ ﺧﺰﺍﻥ ﺑﻀﺎﺉﻊ ﺃﻭ ﺣﺠﺮﺓ ﺧﺰﺍﻥ ﺗﺰﻳﺪ‬
‫ﺳﻌﺘﻬﺎﻋﻦ ‪ 2500‬ﺟﺎﻟﻮﻥ )‪ 9500‬ﻟﺘﺮ(‪.‬‬

‫‪5.3.13.3.5‬ﻭﻳﺠﺐ ﻭﺿﻊ ﺟﻬﺎﺯ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻗﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺮﺏ ﻣﻦ ﻃﺮﻓﻲ ﺧﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺉﻊ ﺃﻭ ﺣﺠﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ‪.‬‬

‫‪*5.3.13.4‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﻓﻖ ﻟﻜﻞ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻭﺣﺠﻢ ﻟﺠﻬﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﻄﺎﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩ ﻓﻲ ﺣﻘﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻊ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺸﺮ‪NFPA‬‬

‫ﺷﺮﻛﺔﺃﺑﺎﺩﻏﻮﺳﺘﺎﺭ ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺴﺎﺕ ﺇﻳﺮﺍﻧﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﻭﺩﺓ‬ ‫‪www.atapars.com‬‬

‫‪www.atapars.com/NFPA-code/‬‬
 ‫‪5.3.13.1‬ﺣﺘﻰ ‪.5.3.13.3‬‬
‫‪5.3.13.4.1‬ﻗﺪﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﻓﻖ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺪﺭﺓ ﻟﻠﻔﺘﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﻌﺐ )ﻗﺪﻡ‪] (3‬ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﻜﻌﺐ )ﻡ‪ [(3‬ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻬﻮﺍء‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﺮﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻗﻴﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﺑﺎﻟﺠﻨﻴﻪ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺑﻮﺻﺔ ﻣﺮﺑﻌﺔ )‪] (psi‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﺑﺎﺳﻜﺎﻝ )‪ [(kPa‬ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺘﻢ‬
‫ﻋﻨﺪﻩﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﺳﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﻓﻖ‪ ،‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺧﺘﻤﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺎﺯ‪.‬‬
‫‪5.3.13.4.2‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻌﺪﻝ ﺗﺪﻓﻖ ﻓﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﻮﻳﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﻧﺼﻬﺎﺭ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻓﺮﻕ ﻗﺪﺭﻩ ‪ 5‬ﺭﻃﻞ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺑﻮﺻﺔ ﻣﺮﺑﻌﺔ )‪ 35‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺳﻜﺎﻝ(‪.‬‬

‫‪5.3.13.4.3‬ﻳﺴُﻤﺢ ﺑﺈﺟﺮﺍء ﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﻓﻖ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻨﻌﺔ‪ ،‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﺗﻢ ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ‬
‫ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺐﻣﺤﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﺆﻫﻞ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﺗﻢ ﺗﻔﻮﻳﻀﻬﺎ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻭﻛﺎﻟﺔ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪5.4‬ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺮﻳﻎ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﺍﺭﺉ‪.‬‬

‫‪5.4.1‬ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻠﺰﻭﺟﺔ ﺃﻗﻞ ﻣﻦ ‪ 45‬ﻭﺣﺪﺓ ﻗﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﺳﺎﻳﺒﻮﻟﺖ )‪.(SUS‬‬

‫‪*5.4.1.1‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻨﻔﺬ ﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺉﻊ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺤﺠﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﻟﻨﻘﻞ ﺳﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﻔﺉﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺎﺣﻨﺎﺕﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺑﻨﺎﺅﻫﺎ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻟﻨﻘﻞ ﺳﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﻔﺉﺘﻴﻦ ‪ II‬ﻭ‪ ،IIIA‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺘﻤﺘﻊ ﺑﻠﺰﻭﺟﺔ ﺃﻗﻞ ﻣﻦ‬
‫‪ SUS45‬ﻋﻨﺪ ‪ 100‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻓﻬﺮﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ )‪ 37.8‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻣﺉﻮﻳﺔ(‪ ،‬ﻣﺰﻭﺩﺍً ﺑـ ﺻﻤﺎﻡ ﺇﻏﻼﻕ ﺫﺍﺗﻲ ﺗﻢ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻤﻪ‬
‫ﻭﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻪﻭﺗﺸﻐﻴﻠﻪ ﻟﻀﻤﺎﻥ ﻋﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﻬﺮﻭﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺿﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﺤﺘﻮﻳﺎﺕ‪.‬‬

‫‪5.4.1.2‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺻﻤﺎﻡ ﺍﻹﻏﻼﻕ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ ﺃﻭ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺪﺧﻞ ﺍﻟﺨﻂ ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﻳﺨﺮﺝﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ‪.‬‬
‫‪5.4.1.3‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻘﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﺼﻤﺎﻡ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩﺍً ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ ﺃﻭ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺤﻮﻣﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻓﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﺣﺒﺔﻟﻪ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻔﻮﻫﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺻﻴﻞ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﺼﻤﻤﺎً ﺑﺤﻴﺚ ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺒﻘﻰ ﺍﻟﺼﻤﺎﻡ‬
‫ﻣﻐﻠﻘﺎًﺇﻻ ﺃﺛﻨﺎء ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻔﺮﻳﻎ‪.‬‬
‫‪5.4.1.4‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺰﻭﺩ ﺁﻟﻴﺔ ﺗﺸﻐﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺼﻤﺎﻡ ﺑﺠﻬﺎﺯ ﺗﺤﻜﻢ ﺛﺎﻧﻮﻱ‪ ،‬ﺑﻌﻴﺪ ﻋﻦ ﻓﺘﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﺉﺔ ﻭﻭﺻﻼﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺮﻳﻎ‪،‬ﻻﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﻭﻗﻮﻉ ﺣﻮﺍﺩﺙ ﺃﻭ ﺣﺮﻳﻖ ﺃﺛﻨﺎء ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﻢ‪.‬‬

‫‪5.4.1.5‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺰﻭﺩ ﺁﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﺑﻌﻨﺼﺮ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻟﻼﻧﺼﻬﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻗﻞ ﻳﺼﺒﺢ ﻓﻌﺎﻻ ًﻋﻨﺪ ﺩﺭﺟﺔ‬
‫ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺓﻻ ﺗﺰﻳﺪ ﻋﻦ ‪ 250‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻓﻬﺮﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ )‪ 120‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻣﺉﻮﻳﺔ(‪ ،‬ﻣﻤﺎ ﻳﺴﻤﺢ ﻟﻠﺼﻤﺎﻡ ﺑﺎﻹﻏﻼﻕ ﺗﻠﻘﺎﺉﻴﺎً‬
‫ﻓﻲﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﻧﺸﻮﺏ ﺣﺮﻳﻖ‪.‬‬
‫‪5.4.1.5.1‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻋﻨﺼﺮ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻟﻼﻧﺼﻬﺎﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻗﻞ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍء ﺣﻴﺚ ﻗﺪ ﻳﺘﻌﺮﺽ‬
‫ﻟﺤﺮﺍﺭﺓﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ ﺃﺳﻔﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺓ‪.‬‬
‫‪5.4.1.6‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺰﻭﻳﺪ ﻛﻞ ﺻﻤﺎﻡ ﺇﻏﻼﻕ ﺑﻘﺴﻢ ﻗﺺ‪ ،‬ﻳﻘﻊ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻘﻌﺪ ﺻﻤﺎﻡ ﻃﻮﺍﺭﺉ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺔ‪ 4‬ﺑﻮﺻﺎﺕ )‪ 100‬ﻣﻢ( ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﻋﺎء‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺳﻴﻨﻜﺴﺮ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻭﻳﺘﺮﻙ ﻣﻘﻌﺪ ﺻﻤﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﺍﺭﺉ‬
‫ﻭﻣﻠﺤﻘﻪﺑﺎﻟﺴﻔﻴﻨﺔ ﻭ ﺭﺃﺱ ﺍﻟﺼﻤﺎﻡ ﺳﻠﻴﻢ ﻭﻗﺎﺩﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻔﺎﻅ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻨﺘﺞ‪.‬‬

‫‪5.4.1.6.1‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﻗﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﻘﺺ ﺑﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺗﻘﻠﻞ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻣﻔﺎﺟﺊ ﺳﻤﺎﻛﺔ ﺟﺪﺍﺭ ﻣﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻧﺎﺑﻴﺐ)ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺼﻤﺎﻡ( ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎﻭﺭﺓ ﺑﻨﺴﺒﺔ ‪ 20‬ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺎﺉﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻗﻞ‪.‬‬
‫‪5.4.2‬ﺳﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﺫﺍﺕ ﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔ ‪ SUS 45‬ﺃﻭ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ‪.‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻨﻔﺬ ﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺉﻊ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺤﺠﺮﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔﻟﻨﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺒﻠﻎ ﻟﺰﻭﺟﺘﻬﺎ ‪ SUS 45‬ﺃﻭ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻋﻨﺪ ‪ 100‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻓﻬﺮﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ )‪ 37.8‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ‬
‫ﻣﺉﻮﻳﺔ( ﻣﺠﻬﺰﺍً ﺑﺄﺣﺪ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‪:‬‬
‫)‪ (1‬ﺻﻤﺎﻡ ﺇﻏﻼﻕ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ‪ ،‬ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻴﺎً‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﺼﻤﻢ ﺑﺤﻴﺚ ﻳﻈﻞ ﺍﻟﺼﻤﺎﻡ ﺧﺎﺿﻌﺎً ﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻊ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺸﺮ‪NFPA‬‬

‫ﺷﺮﻛﺔﺃﺑﺎﺩﻏﻮﺳﺘﺎﺭ ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺴﺎﺕ ﺇﻳﺮﺍﻧﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﻭﺩﺓ‬ ‫‪www.atapars.com‬‬

‫‪www.atapars.com/NFPA-code/‬‬
 ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦﺗﺸﻐﻴﻠﻪ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺗﻢ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺍﻻﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺭﺟﻲ‬
‫)‪ (2‬ﺻﻤﺎﻡ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺮﺃﺱ ﺍﻷﻣﺎﻣﻲ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻔﻲ ﻣﻌﺰﺯ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺁﻣﻦ ﻭﻣﺤﻤﻲ ﺿﺪ ﺍﻟﺼﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺃﻭ ﻣﺨﺎﻃﺮ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ‬

‫‪5.5‬ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ‪.‬‬

‫‪5.5.1‬ﻓﻲ ﻭﻗﺖ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻨﻴﻊ‪ ،‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﻛﻞ ﺧﺰﺍﻥ ﺑﻀﺎﺉﻊ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﻬﻮﺍء ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻬﻴﺪﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﺗﻴﻜﻲ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺣﺪ ﺃﺩﻧﻰ‬
‫ﻣﻦﺍﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻗﺪﺭﻩ ‪ 3‬ﺭﻃﻞ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺑﻮﺻﺔ ﻣﺮﺑﻌﺔ )‪ 20.7‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮ ﺑﺎﺳﻜﺎﻝ( ﺃﻭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻗﻞ ﻣﺴﺎﻭ ٍﻟﻠﻀﻐﻂ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻤﻲ‬
‫ﻟﻠﺨﺰﺍﻥ‪،‬ﺃﻳﻬﻤﺎ ﺃﻛﺒﺮ‪.‬‬

‫‪5.5.1.1‬ﻭﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻤﻬﺎ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻗﺴﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﻛﻞ ﺣﺠﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺪﺓ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺜﻞ ﻣﻊ ﺟﻌﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﺠﻴﺮﺍﺕﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎﻭﺭﺓ ﻓﺎﺭﻏﺔ ﻭﺗﺤﺖ ﺿﻐﻂ ﺟﻮﻱ‪.‬‬
‫‪5.5.1.2‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻔﺎﻅ ﺑﻀﻐﻂ ﺍﻟﻬﻮﺍء‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﻪ‪ ،‬ﻟﻤﺪﺓ ﻻ ﺗﻘﻞ ﻋﻦ ‪ 5‬ﺩﻗﺎﺉﻖ ﻳﺘﻢ‬
‫ﺧﻼﻟﻬﺎﻃﻼء ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻼﺕ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﺑﻤﺤﻠﻮﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺑﻮﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺎء ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺖ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﻴﻞ ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﺃﻱﻣﺎﺩﺓ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ ﻟﻐﺮﺽ ﺍﻟﺮﻏﻮﺓ‪ .‬ﺃﻭ ﻓﻘﺎﻋﺘﻬﺎ ﻣﻤﺎ ﻳﺪﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺗﺴﺮﺑﺎﺕ‪.‬‬

‫‪5.5.1.3‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﺍﻟﻬﻴﺪﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﺗﻴﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﻪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺎء ﺃﻭ ﺳﺎﺉﻞ ﺁﺧﺮ ﻟﻪ‬
‫ﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔﻣﻤﺎﺛﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻻ ﺗﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯ ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺗﻪ ‪ 100‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻓﻬﺮﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ )‪ 37.8‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻣﺉﻮﻳﺔ( ﺃﺛﻨﺎء ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖﺍﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻮ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺼﻮﺹ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻓﻲ ‪ 5.5.1‬ﺇﻟﻰ ‪ ،1.2. 5.5‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﻗﻴﺎﺳﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺣﻴﻨﻬﺎﻳﺠﺐ ﻓﺤﺺ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻼﺕ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻟﺨﺮﻭﺝ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺉﻞ ﻟﻠﺪﻻﻟﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﺮﺑﺎﺕ‪.‬‬

‫‪5.5.1.4‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﻏﻼﻕ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻬﺎ ﺃﺛﻨﺎء ﺇﺟﺮﺍء ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺑﺄﻱ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘﺘﻴﻦ‪.‬‬

‫‪5.5.1.5‬ﺃﺛﻨﺎء ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺲ ﺍﻟﺠﺮﺍﺣﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻠﻬﺎ ﺃﻭ ﺟﻌﻠﻬﺎ ﻏﻴﺮ‬
‫ﺻﺎﻟﺤﺔﻟﻠﻌﻤﻞ؛ ﻭﻳﺠﺐ ﺇﺯﺍﻟﺔ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺎﺑﻚ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺑﺲ ﻭﺍﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺎﺛﻠﺔ ﻓﻮﺭ ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎء ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ‪.‬‬

‫‪5.5.2‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺗﻜﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﻓﻲ ‪ 5.5.1‬ﺑﻌﺪ ﺇﺟﺮﺍء ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺪﻳﻼﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻹﺻﻼﺣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ‪.‬‬

‫‪5.5.2.1‬ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺃﻱ ﺗﺴﺮﺏ ﺃﻭ ﺗﺸﻮﻳﻪ ﻻ ﻣﺒﺮﺭ ﻟﻪ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺣﺪﻭﺙ ﻋﻄﻞ ﻭﺷﻴﻚ‪ ،‬ﻻ ﻳﺠﻮﺯ ﻭﺿﻊ‬
‫ﺧﺰﺍﻥﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺉﻊ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﻣﺎ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺇﺟﺮﺍء ﺍﻹﺻﻼﺡ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﺐ‪.‬‬
‫‪5.5.2.2‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﺪﻯ ﻛﻔﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻹﺻﻼﺡ ﺑﻨﻔﺲ ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ‪.‬‬

‫‪5.6‬ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ ﻟﻤﻨﻊ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﻼﻁ‪.‬‬

‫ﻳﺠﺐﺃﻥ ﺗﺰﻭﺩ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻬﺎﺭﻳﺞ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻤﻤﺔ ﻟﻨﻘﻞ ﺳﺎﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﻔﺉﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺠﺮﺓ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ‬
‫ﻭﺳﻮﺍﺉﻞﺍﻟﻔﺉﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺠﻴﺮﺓ ﺃﻭ ﺣﺠﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﺃﻭ ﻟﻨﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻮﺍﻓﻘﺔ‬
‫ﻛﻴﻤﻴﺎﺉﻴﺎًﺑﺤﻮﺍﺟﺰ ﻣﺰﺩﻭﺟﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﺠﻬﺰﺓ ﺑﺄﻧﺎﺑﻴﺐ ﻭﻣﻀﺨﺎﺕ ﻭﻋﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﻭﺃﻧﺎﺑﻴﺐ ﻣﻨﻔﺼﻠﺔ‬
‫ﺧﺮﺍﻃﻴﻢﻟﻤﺜﻞ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻔﺉﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎﺕ‪.‬‬

‫‪5.7‬ﺍﻹﺿﺎءﺓ‪.‬‬
‫‪5.7.1‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺘﻤﺘﻊ ﺩﻭﺍﺉﺮ ﺍﻹﺿﺎءﺓ ﺑﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﺉﺪ )ﺍﻟﺼﻤﺎﻣﺎﺕ ﺃﻭ ﻗﻮﺍﻃﻊ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺉﺮﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻭﺗﻮﻣﺎﺗﻴﻜﻴﺔ(‪.‬‬

‫‪5.7.2‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺘﻤﺘﻊ ﺍﻷﺳﻼﻙ ﺑﻘﺪﺭﺓ ﺣﻤﻞ ﻛﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﻭﻗﻮﺓ ﻣﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕﺍﻟﻄﺒﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺸﺮ ‪NFPA‬‬

‫ﺷﺮﻛﺔﺃﺑﺎﺩﻏﻮﺳﺘﺎﺭ ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺴﺎﺕ ﺇﻳﺮﺍﻧﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﻭﺩﺓ‬ ‫‪www.atapars.com‬‬

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 ‫ﻣﺆﻣﻨﺔﻭﻣﻌﺰﻭﻟﺔ ﻭﻣﺤﻤﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺿﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﺑﻤﺎ ﻳﺘﻤﺎﺷﻰ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺎﺭﺳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺠﻴﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺘﺮﻑ ﺑﻬﺎ‪.‬‬

‫ﺝ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺎﺕﺧﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻷﺳﻔﻠﺖ ‪hapter 6‬‬

‫‪6.1‬ﻋﺎﻡ‪.‬‬
‫ﻳﺠﺐﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺻﻬﺎﺭﻳﺞ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺉﻊ ﺧﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺎء ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻄﺎﻳﺮﺓ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻠﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻹﺳﻔﻠﺖ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺧﻦ‪.‬‬

‫‪6.2‬ﻓﺘﺤﺎﺕ ﺻﻬﺎﺭﻳﺞ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺉﻊ ﻓﻲ ﺧﺪﻣﺔ ﺍﻷﺳﻔﻠﺖ‪.‬‬

‫‪6.2.1‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺰﻭﻳﺪ ﻛﻞ ﺧﺰﺍﻥ ﺑﻀﺎﺉﻊ ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺧﺪﻣﺔ ﺍﻷﺳﻔﻠﺖ ﺑﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﺔ ﺫﺍﺕ‬
‫ﻓﺘﺤﺔﻓﻌﺎﻟﺔ ﺗﻌﺎﺩﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻗﻞ ﺃﻧﺒﻮﺑﺎً ﺍﺳﻤﻴﺎً ﻳﺒﻠﻎ ﻗﻄﺮﻩ ‪ 2‬ﺑﻮﺻﺔ )‪ 50‬ﻣﻢ(‪.‬‬
‫‪6.2.2‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺗﺰﻭﻳﺪ ﻛﻞ ﺧﺰﺍﻥ ﺑﻀﺎﺉﻊ ﻟﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﺍﻷﺳﻔﻠﺖ ﺑﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺫﺍﺕ ﻓﺘﺤﺔ ﺣﺮﺓ ﻻ ﻳﻘﻞ ﻗﻄﺮﻫﺎ ﻋﻦ ‪15‬‬
‫ﺑﻮﺻﺔ)‪ 375‬ﻣﻠﻢ( ﻣﺼﻤﻤﺔ ﻟﺘﺨﻔﻴﻒ ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻲ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺿﻐﻂ ﻗﻴﺎﺱ ﻳﺘﺮﺍﻭﺡ ﺑﻴﻦ ‪ 2‬ﻭ‪ 3‬ﺭﻃﻞ ﻟﻜﻞ‬
‫ﺑﻮﺻﺔﻣﺮﺑﻌﺔ )ﺑﻴﻦ ‪ 13.8‬ﻭ‪ 20.7‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮ ﺑﺎﺳﻜﺎﻝ( ﺃﻭ ﺟﻬﺎﺯ ﺍﻹﻏﺎﺛﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻓﺊ‪.‬‬

‫‪6.3‬ﺍﻟﻔﻴﻀﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﺭﻑ ﻟﻤﺮﻛﺒﺎﺕ ﺻﻬﺎﺭﻳﺞ ﺍﻷﺳﻔﻠﺖ‪.‬‬

‫‪6.3.1‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺗﻮﻓﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺉﺾ ﻟﻤﺮﻛﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻬﺎﺭﻳﺞ ﺍﻹﺳﻔﻠﺘﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺧﺰﺍﻧﺎﺕ ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﻭﻣﻴﺾﺣﻮﻝ ﺃﻧﺎﺑﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﺉﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻬﻮﻳﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪6.3.2‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺳﻤﻚ ﺃﻧﺎﺑﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺉﺾ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﺮﻑ ﺃﺛﻘﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻫﻴﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ ﻭﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﺼﻤﻤﺔ‬
‫ﺑﺤﻴﺚﻻ ﻳﻨﺴﻜﺐ ﺍﻷﺳﻔﻠﺖ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺧﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻹﻃﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺍﻣﻞ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻌﺪﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﻼﺕ ﺃﻭ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﻋﺎﺩﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺓ‪.‬‬

‫‪6.4‬ﺃﻧﺎﺑﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﻼﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻌﻼﺕ ﻟﻤﺮﻛﺒﺎﺕ ﺻﻬﺎﺭﻳﺞ ﺍﻷﺳﻔﻠﺖ‪.‬‬

‫‪6.4.1‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﻼﺕ ﺑﻌﻴﺪﺓ ﻋﻦ ﺧﺰﺍﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﻮﺩ ﻟﻤﺤﺮﻙ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺓ ﻭﺧﺰﺍﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﻮﺩ ﻟﻠﺸﻌﻼﺕ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﻳﺠﺐﺗﻮﻓﻴﺮ ﺩﺭﻉ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻟﻼﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻗﺪ ﻭﺧﺰﺍﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﻮﺩ ﻟﻤﻨﻊ ﺍﻻﺭﺗﺪﺍﺩ‪.‬‬

‫‪6.4.2‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﻭﺻﻴﺎﻧﺔ ﺃﻧﺎﺑﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻗﺪ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‪.‬‬

‫‪6.4.3‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺠﺰء ﺍﻟﺴﻔﻠﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻧﺎﺑﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻴﺔ ﻣﻨﺨﻔﻀﺎً ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺴﻤﺢ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻭﺗﺸﻐﻴﻠﻪ‪.‬‬

‫‪6.4.4‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺗﻮﻓﻴﺮ ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻤﺎﺕ ﺣﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺤﺔ ﻟﺘﺸﻐﻴﻞ ﻣﻌﺪﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻗﺪ ﻭﻣﻌﺪﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻀﺦ‪ ،‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬
‫ﻣﺠﻬﺰﺓﺑﺬﻟﻚ‪ .‬ﻭﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﺎﺕ ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﺔ ﻟﻠﺴﻴﺎﺭﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻷﻭﻗﺎﺕ‪.‬‬

‫‪6.4.5‬ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺗﺤﺬﻳﺮ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻠﺼﻖ ﻳﻠﺒﻲ ﻣﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕ ‪،ANSI Z535.1‬ﺭﻣﺰ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﻵﻣﻦﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺘﻪ‬
‫ﺑﺸﻜﻞﺩﺍﺉﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺮﺏ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﻼﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻱ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺔ ﺻﻬﺮﻳﺠﻴﺔ ﻣﺠﻬﺰﺓ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻌﻼﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺸﺘﻤﻞ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻗﻞ‪:‬‬
‫ﺗﺤﺬﻳﺮ‪:‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﻋﺪﻡ ﺗﺸﻐﻴﻞ ﺟﻬﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻗﺪ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺃﺛﻨﺎء ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺓ ﺃﻭ ﺃﺛﻨﺎء ﻋﺒﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﺃﻭ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻻ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺃﻧﺎﺑﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻗﺪ ﻣﻐﻤﻮﺭﺓ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺎﻣﻞ‪.‬‬

‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕﺍﻟﻄﺒﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺸﺮ ‪NFPA‬‬

‫ﺷﺮﻛﺔﺃﺑﺎﺩﻏﻮﺳﺘﺎﺭ ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺴﺎﺕ ﺇﻳﺮﺍﻧﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﻭﺩﺓ‬ ‫‪www.atapars.com‬‬

‫‪www.atapars.com/NFPA-code/‬‬
 ‫ﺝ ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ‪ 7‬ﻭﺿﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻣﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﺑﺎﺑﺎﺕ‬

‫‪7.1‬ﻭﺿﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻣﺎﺕ‪.‬‬

‫‪7.1.1‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﻭﺿﻊ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻭﺍﺿﺤﺔ ﻭﻣﻘﺮﻭءﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺔ ﺻﻬﺮﻳﺠﻴﺔ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻟﻨﻘﻞ ﺃﻱ ﺳﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝﺃﻭ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ‪ ،‬ﺑﻐﺾ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻘﻮﻟﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺳﻮﺍء ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻣﺤﻤﻠﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻓﺎﺭﻏﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻓﻘﺎً‬
‫ﻟﻤﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕﻟﻮﺍﺉﺢ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻞ ﺍﻷﻣﺮﻳﻜﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ‪" ، .CFR 171–179 49‬ﻟﻮﺍﺉﺢ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﺮﺓ"‪.‬‬

‫‪7.1.2‬ﺷﻬﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻨﻌﺔ‪.‬ﻭﻳﺠﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﻬﺎﺩﺓ ﺗﺜﺒﺖ ﺃﻥ ﻛﻞ ﺧﺰﺍﻥ ﺑﻀﺎﺉﻊ ﻗﺪ ﺗﻢ‬
‫ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻤﻪﻭﺑﻨﺎﺉﻪ ﻭﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻤﺎ ﻳﺘﻮﺍﻓﻖ ﻣﻊ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻴﺎﺭ‪ .‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﻗﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺸﻬﺎﺩﺓ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻣﺴﺆﻭﻝ‬
‫ﻣﺴﺆﻭﻝﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻨﻌﺔ ﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺉﻊ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻦ ﻭﻛﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺔ ﻭﻳﺠﺐ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻔﺎﻅ ﺑﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﻣﻠﻔﺎﺕﺍﻟﻨﺎﻗﻞ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻓﺘﺮﺓ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻗﻞ ﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺉﻊ ﻫﺬﺍ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺳﻨﺔ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ‪.‬‬

‫‪7.1.3‬ﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﻬﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ ‪ ،7.1.2‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻟﻮﺣﺔ ﻣﻌﺪﻧﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻞ ﺧﺰﺍﻥ‬
‫ﺑﻀﺎﺉﻊ)ﺃﻭ ﺣﺠﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺗﻢ ﺑﻨﺎﺅﻫﺎ ﺑﻤﻮﺍﺻﻔﺎﺕ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ(‪.‬‬
‫‪7.1.3.1‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻻ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺣﺔ ﻋﺮﺿﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺂﻛﻞ‪.‬‬
‫‪7.1.3.2‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺣﺔ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻧﺐ ﺍﻷﻳﻤﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺮﺏ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺪﻣﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻳﺴﻬﻞﺍﻟﻮﺻﻮﻝ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻟﻠﻔﺤﺺ‪.‬‬

‫‪7.1.3.3‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺣﺔ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺩﺍﺉﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﺎﻡ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﺎﻡ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻱ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﺔ‬
‫ﺃﺧﺮﻯﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪7.1.3.4‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻢ ﻭﺿﻊ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺣﺔ ﺑﺄﺣﺮﻑ ﻻ ﻳﻘﻞ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻋﻬﺎ ﻋﻦ ‪ 5‬ﻣﻢ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺨﺘﻢ ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺶﺃﻭ ﺃﻱ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﺔ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﻟﺘﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺤﺮﻭﻑ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺃﻭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻌﺪﻥ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺣﺔ ﻧﻔﺴﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻗﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫)‪ (1‬ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻨﻌﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﻛﺒﺔ‬
‫)‪ (2‬ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻠﺴﻠﻲ ﻟﻠﺸﺮﻛﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻨﻌﺔ‬
‫)‪ (3‬ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺻﻔﺎﺕ‬
‫)‪ (4‬ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﻊ‬
‫)‪ (5‬ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻷﺻﻠﻲ‬
‫)‪ (6‬ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺍﻟﺸﻬﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫)‪ (7‬ﺿﻐﻂ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ )ﺭﻃﻞ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺑﻮﺻﺔ ﻣﺮﺑﻌﺔ(‬

‫)‪ (8‬ﺿﻐﻂ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ )ﺭﻃﻞ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺑﻮﺻﺔ ﻣﺮﺑﻌﺔ(‬

‫)‪ (9‬ﻣﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺮﺃﺱ‬

‫)‪ (10‬ﻣﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺼﺪﻓﺔ‬
‫)‪ (11‬ﻣﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﺎﻡ‬

‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕﺍﻟﻄﺒﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺸﺮ ‪NFPA‬‬

‫ﺷﺮﻛﺔﺃﺑﺎﺩﻏﻮﺳﺘﺎﺭ ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺴﺎﺕ ﺇﻳﺮﺍﻧﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﻭﺩﺓ‬ ‫‪www.atapars.com‬‬

‫‪www.atapars.com/NFPA-code/‬‬
 ‫)‪ (12‬ﻣﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺎﻧﺔ‬
‫)‪ (13‬ﺳﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻻﺳﻤﻴﺔ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺼﻮﺭﺓ )ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻣﺎﻡ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻒ( )ﺟﺎﻟﻮﻥ ﺃﻣﺮﻳﻜﻲ(‬

‫)‪ (14‬ﺍﻟﺤﺪ ﺍﻷﻗﺼﻰ ﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺞ )ﺭﻃﻞ(‬

‫)‪ (15‬ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ )ﺟﺎﻟﻮﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﻗﻴﻘﺔ ﻭ‪/‬ﺃﻭ ﺭﻃﻞ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺑﻮﺻﺔ ﻣﺮﺑﻌﺔ(‬

‫)‪ (16‬ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺮﻳﻎ )‪ gpm‬ﻭ‪/‬ﺃﻭ ‪(psi‬‬

‫‪7.1.3.5‬ﻻ ﻳﺠﻮﺯ ﻃﻼء ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺣﺔ ﺑﺤﻴﺚ ﺗﺤﺠﺐ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮﺩﺓ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫‪7.1.4‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺳﻴﺘﻢ ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻞ ﺧﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺉﻊ ﻣﺎﺩﻳﺎً ﻟﺘﻠﺒﻴﺔ ﻣﻮﺍﺻﻔﺎﺕ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ )ﺃﻭ ﻻﺳﺘﻴﻌﺎﺏ ﺳﻠﻌﺔ ﻻ‬
‫ﺗﺘﻄﻠﺐﺧﺰﺍﻧﺎً ﻟﻠﻤﻮﺍﺻﻔﺎﺕ(‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﺠﺐ ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﺑﺠﺎﻧﺐ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺻﻔﺎﺕ‪.‬‬

‫‪7.1.5‬ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻳﺤﺘﻮﻱ ﺧﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺉﻊ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻟﻮﺣﺔ ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩ ﻣﻌﺪﻧﻴﺔ ﻟﻤﻮﺍﺻﻔﺎﺕ ‪ ،MC 306‬ﻳﺴُﻤﺢ ﺑﺈﺿﺎﻓﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ"‪ "NFPA 385‬ﺇﻟﻰ ﺳﻄﺮ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺻﻔﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺪﻧﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﺝ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺪﺍﺕﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻋﺪﺓ ‪hapter 8‬‬

‫‪8.1‬ﻣﺤﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻋﺪﺓ‪.‬‬

‫‪8.1.1‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺴﺘﻮﻓﻲ ﻣﺤﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺑﺨﻼﻑ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻮﻓﺮ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻓﻌﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺒﺘﺔ ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻤﻮﻟﺔﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺔ ﺻﻬﺮﻳﺠﻴﺔ ﺗﻨﻘﻞ ﺳﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺉﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ ﻟﻐﺮﺽ ﺗﻮﻓﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﻟﺘﺸﻐﻴﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻀﺨﺎﺕﺃﻭ ﺍﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺭﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ ‪ 8.1.2‬ﺇﻟﻰ ‪.8.1.8‬‬
‫‪8.1.2‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﺪﺧﻞ ﻫﻮﺍء ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺮﻙ ﻣﺰﻭﺩﺍً ﺑﻤﺎﻧﻊ ﺍﻟﻠﻬﺐ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﺎﻝ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻨﻈﻒ ﺍﻟﻬﻮﺍء ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺘﻤﺘﻊ‬
‫ﺑﺨﺼﺎﺉﺺﻣﺎﻧﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﻬﺐ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﺎﻟﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﺜﺒﺘﺎً ﻭﻗﺎﺩﺭﺍً ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻨﻊ ﺍﻧﺒﻌﺎﺙ ﺍﻟﻠﻬﺐ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺎﻧﺐ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﺤﺐﺑﺎﻟﻤﺤﺮﻙ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺣﺪﻭﺙ ﻧﺘﺎﺉﺞ ﻋﻜﺴﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪8.1.3‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﻮﺩ ﺃﻭ ﺇﻧﺸﺎﺉﻪ ﺑﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺗﻘﻠﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻄﺮ ﺍﻟﺤﺮﻳﻖ‪.‬‬
‫‪8.1.3.1‬ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻳﻘﻊ ﺧﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﻮﺩ ﺃﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺮﻙ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺠﻮﺍﺭﻩ ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ‪ ،‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺗﻮﻓﻴﺮ ﺩﺭﻉ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻟﻤﻨﻊ‬
‫ﺍﻻﻧﺴﻜﺎﺏﺃﺛﻨﺎء ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﺉﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﺮﺏ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ ﺃﻭ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﻮﺩ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻼﻣﺴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺮﻙ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻱ ﺃﺟﺰﺍء‬
‫ﻣﻦﺃﻧﻈﻤﺔ ﺍﻹﺷﻌﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﻡ ‪.‬‬

‫‪8.1.3.2‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺼﻨﻴﻊ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺃﺟﺰﺍء ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﻮﺩ ﻭﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻬﺎ ﺑﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪8.1.4‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻀﺨﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻠﺤﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺤﺮﻙ ﺑﺤﻴﺚ ﻳﻤﻨﻊ‬
‫ﺍﻻﻧﺴﻜﺎﺏﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﺮﺏ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻷﺟﺰﺍء ﻣﻦ ﺍﻻﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺤﺮﻙ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻱ ﺃﺟﺰﺍء ﻣﻦ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻹﺷﻌﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﻡ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﻳﺠﺐﺗﻮﻓﻴﺮ ﺩﺭﻉ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻧﻔﺲ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺽ ‪.‬‬

‫‪8.1.5‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻢ ﻭﺿﻊ ﻣﺮﻭﺣﺔ ﺗﺒﺮﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺮﻙ ﺃﻭ ﺗﺪﻭﻳﺮﻫﺎ ﺃﻭ ﺗﻐﻄﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﺑﺤﻴﺚ ﺗﻘﻠﻞ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺳﺤﺐ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺑﺨﺮﺓﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ ﻧﺤﻮ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺮﻙ‪.‬‬
‫‪8.1.6‬ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺮﻙ ﻓﻲ ﻭﺿﻊ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺸﻜﻞ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻻﻧﺴﻜﺎﺏ ﻣﻦ ﺧﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﻮﻟﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻠﺤﻘﺎﺗﻪ ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﻣﻦﺍﻟﺮﻓﻮﻑ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻧﺒﻴﺔ ﺧﻄﺮﺍً‪ ،‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺗﻮﻓﻴﺮ ﺩﺭﻉ ﻟﻤﻨﻊ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻻﻧﺴﻜﺎﺏ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻼﻣﺴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺮﻙ ﺃﻭ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﻋﺎﺩﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺮﻙﻭﻟﺘﺼﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﺎﻩ‬
‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕﺍﻟﻄﺒﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺸﺮ ‪NFPA‬‬

‫ﺷﺮﻛﺔﺃﺑﺎﺩﻏﻮﺳﺘﺎﺭ ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺴﺎﺕ ﺇﻳﺮﺍﻧﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﻭﺩﺓ‬ ‫‪www.atapars.com‬‬

‫‪www.atapars.com/NFPA-code/‬‬
 ‫ﻣﺜﻞﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻻﻧﺴﻜﺎﺏ ﺑﻌﻴﺪﺍ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎﻭﺭﺓ ﻟﻠﻤﺤﺮﻙ‪.‬‬

‫‪8.1.7‬ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻳﺘﻢ ﻧﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺮﻙ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﻣﻐﻠﻖ‪ ،‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺗﻮﻓﻴﺮ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﻛﺎﻑ ٍﻟﻠﻬﻮﺍء ﻓﻲ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻷﻭﻗﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻟﻤﻨﻊﺗﺮﺍﻛﻢ ﺍﻷﺑﺨﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻔﺠﺮﺓ ﻭﺗﺠﻨﺐ ﺍﻟﺴﺨﻮﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﺉﺪﺓ‪.‬‬

‫‪8.1.8‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺇﻧﺸﺎء ﻭﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﻡ ﺑﺤﻴﺚ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺧﺎﻟﻴﺎ ًﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﺮﺑﺎﺕ‪.‬‬
‫‪8.1.8.1‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻟﺨﻂ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﻡ ﻭﻛﺎﺗﻢ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺕ ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺔ ﻛﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ‪.‬‬

‫‪8.1.8.2‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺗﻔﺮﻳﻎ ﻏﺎﺯﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﻡ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﻻ ﻳﺸﻜﻞ ﺧﻄﺮﺍ‪.‬‬

‫‪8.1.8.3‬ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻳﺘﻢ ﻧﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻮﺿﺢ ﻓﻲ ‪ ،8.1.7‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺗﻔﺮﻳﻎ ﻏﺎﺯﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﻡ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﻛﻞ‬
‫ﻣﻜﺎﻥﻣﻐﻠﻖ‪.‬‬
‫‪8.1.9‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﺃﺳﻼﻙ ﺍﻹﺷﻌﺎﻝ ﺑﻮﺻﻼﺕ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ‪ .‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﻋﺰﻝ ﺃﻃﺮﺍﻑ ﺷﻤﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﺷﻌﺎﻝ ﻭﺟﻤﻴﻊ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻃﺮﺍﻑﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ ﻟﻤﻨﻊ ﺣﺪﻭﺙ ﺷﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﻣﻼﻣﺴﺘﻬﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺻﻠﺔ‪ .‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻔﺘﺎﺡ‬
‫ﺍﻹﺷﻌﺎﻝﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﻤﻐﻠﻖ‪.‬‬

‫‪8.2‬ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻟﺪﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺤﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺉﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻋﺪﺓ‪.‬‬

‫‪8.2.1‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺴﺘﻮﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺪﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺉﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺒﺘﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻤﻮﻟﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺔ ﺻﻬﺮﻳﺠﻴﺔ ﺗﻨﻘﻞ‬
‫ﺳﻮﺍﺉﻞﺍﻟﻔﺉﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ ﻟﺘﺸﻐﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻀﺨﺎﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺞ‬
‫ﻭﺗﺸﻐﻴﻞﻣﻠﺤﻘﺎﺕ ﻣﻨﺎﻭﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺞ ﻣﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕ ‪ 8.2.2‬ﺇﻟﻰ ‪.8.2.6‬‬
‫‪8.2.2‬ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻟﺪﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻛﺒﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺮﻙ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻮﻓﺮ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻓﻌﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﻛﺒﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺮﻙ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻋﺪ ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮﺩﺓﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎﻭﺭﺓ ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ ﻟﻬﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺮﻙ ﺃﻭ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺹ ﺑﻪ‪ ،‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻟﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺣﺎﻭﻳﺎﺕﻟﻸﻏﺮﺍﺽ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‪ .‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺰﻭﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻟﺪﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻣﺎﻛﻦ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﺑﻐﻼﻑ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻡ ﻟﻼﻧﻔﺠﺎﺭ‪.‬‬

‫‪8.2.3‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺰﻭﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻭﺻﻼﺕ ﺷﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﺑﻤﻐﻠﻔﺎﺕ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺔ ﻟﻼﻧﻔﺠﺎﺭ‪.‬‬
‫‪8.2.4‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻷﺳﻼﻙ ﻛﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﻟﺘﺤﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﺤﺪ ﺍﻷﻗﺼﻰ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺣﻤﺎﻝ ﻭﻳﺠﺐ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻬﺎ ﺑﺤﻴﺚ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ‬
‫ﻣﺤﻤﻴﺔﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺿﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻼﻣﺲ ﻣﻊ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻧﺴﻜﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺞ ﺇﻣﺎ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻗﻊ ﺃﻭ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ‬
‫ﻭﺿﻌﻬﺎﻓﻲ ﻗﻨﺎﺓ ﻣﻌﺪﻧﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻱ ﺃﻏﻄﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻗﻴﺔ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺔ ﻟﻠﺰﻳﺖ‪ .‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺻﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺻﻴﻞ‬
‫ﻣﺨﺘﻮﻣﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪8.2.5‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺎﺗﻴﺢ ﻭﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﺉﺪ ﻭﻣﻌﺪﺍﺕ ﺍﻹﺷﻌﺎﻝ ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩﺓ‬
‫ﻭﻣﺤﺎﻃﺔﻛﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺹ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻟﻠﻤﻮﻟﺪﺍﺕ ﻓﻲ ‪.8.2.2‬‬

‫‪8.2.6‬ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻳﻘﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻟﺪ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺮﻙ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﻣﻐﻠﻖ‪ ،‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺗﻮﻓﻴﺮ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﻛﺎﻑ ٍﻟﻠﻬﻮﺍء ﻟﻤﻨﻊ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ‬
‫ﺩﺭﺟﺔﺍﻟﺤﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ ﺗﺮﺍﻛﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻔﺠﺮ‪.‬‬

‫‪8.3‬ﺍﻟﻤﻀﺨﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺨﺮﺍﻃﻴﻢ‪.‬‬

‫‪8.3.1‬ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻣﻀﺨﺔ ﻟﺘﻮﺻﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺗﻮﻓﻴﺮ ﻭﺳﺎﺉﻞ ﺃﻭﺗﻮﻣﺎﺗﻴﻜﻴﺔ ﻟﻤﻨﻊ ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻂ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺰﺍﺉﺪﻋﻦ ﺿﻐﻮﻁ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻠﺤﻘﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻷﻧﺎﺑﻴﺐ ﻭﺍﻟﺨﺮﻃﻮﻡ‪.‬‬

‫‪8.3.2‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﻭﺿﻊ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻞ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺧﺮﻃﻮﻡ ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻟﺘﻮﺻﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺞ ﺑﻮﺍﺳﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻀﺨﺔ ﻟﻺﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ‬

‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕﺍﻟﻄﺒﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺸﺮ ‪NFPA‬‬

‫ﺷﺮﻛﺔﺃﺑﺎﺩﻏﻮﺳﺘﺎﺭ ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺴﺎﺕ ﺇﻳﺮﺍﻧﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﻭﺩﺓ‬ ‫‪www.atapars.com‬‬

‫‪www.atapars.com/NFPA-code/‬‬
 ‫ﺿﻐﻂﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺻﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻨﻌﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪8.3.3‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﻓﺤﺺ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺧﺮﺍﻃﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺻﻼﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﺘﺮﺍﺕ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ ﻟﻠﺨﺪﻣﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪8.3.3.1‬ﻣﻊ ﺗﻤﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﺨﺮﻃﻮﻡ‪ ،‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺨﺮﻃﻮﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺻﻼﺕ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺃﻗﺼﻰ ﺿﻐﻂ‬
‫ﺗﺸﻐﻴﻞ‪.‬‬
‫‪8.3.3.2‬ﺃﻱ ﺧﺮﻃﻮﻡ ﻳﻈﻬﺮ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺗﻠﻒ ﻣﺎﺩﻱ ﺃﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺎﺕ ﺗﺴﺮﺏ ﺃﻭ ﺿﻌﻒ ﻓﻲ ﻫﻴﻜﻠﻪ ﺃﻭ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻼﺕﻳﺠﺐ ﺳﺤﺒﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﻭﺇﺻﻼﺣﻪ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻠﺺ ﻣﻨﻪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺝ ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ‪ 9‬ﺗﺸﻐﻴﻞ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﺑﺎﺑﺎﺕ‬

‫‪9.1‬ﻇﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻐﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪9.1.1‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺪﺭﻳﺐ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺉﻘﻴﻦ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺤﺔ ﻟﺘﺸﻐﻴﻞ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﻬﺎﺭﻳﺞﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻹﺟﺮﺍءﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺤﺔ ﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﻭﺗﻔﺮﻳﻎ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻬﺎﺭﻳﺞ‪.‬‬
‫‪9.1.2‬ﻻ ﻳﺠﻮﺯ ﺗﺸﻐﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻛﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻬﺮﻳﺠﻴﺔ ﺇﻻ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺇﺻﻼﺡ ﺳﻠﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﺧﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺮﺍﻛﻤﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﺤﻮﻡﻭﺍﻟﺰﻳﻮﺕ ﻭﻏﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﻭﺧﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﺮﻳﺒﺎﺕ‪.‬‬

‫‪9.1.3‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺃﻏﻄﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺒﺔ ﻣﻐﻠﻘﺔ ﻭﻣﺜﺒﺘﺔ ﺑﻤﺰﻻﺝ ﺃﺛﻨﺎء ﻣﺮﻭﺭ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻬﺮﻳﺞ‪.‬‬
‫‪9.1.4‬ﻻ ﻳﺠﻮﺯ ﺗﺸﻐﻴﻞ ﺃﻱ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺔ ﺻﻬﺮﻳﺠﻴﺔ ﺑﺪﺭﺟﺔ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﺣﻤﻮﻟﺔ ﺃﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺤﺪ ﺍﻷﻗﺼﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻤﻮﺡ‬
‫ﺑﻪﻟﺪﺭﺟﺔ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﻮﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺬﻳﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ ﺑﻤﻮﺟﺐ ‪.5.1.5‬‬
‫‪9.1.5‬ﻻ ﻳﺠﻮﺯ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﺃﻱ ﻣﺎﺩﺓ ﺃﻭ ﻧﻘﻠﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺻﻬﺮﻳﺞ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺉﻊ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﺃﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻦ ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻻﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝﻣﺎ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺘﻬﺎ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﻭﺑﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺗﻮﺍﻓﻖ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺔ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺼﺎﺹ‪.‬‬

‫‪9.1.6‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻠﻬﺎ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻧﻘﺎﻁ ﻏﻠﻴﺎﻧﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺃﻭﺃﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻗﺪ ﺗﺼﻞ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺩﺭﺟﺎﺕ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﻏﻠﻴﺎﻧﻬﺎ ﺃﺛﻨﺎء ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻞ ﻓﻘﻂ ﻓﻲ ﺻﻬﺎﺭﻳﺞ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺉﻊ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄﺓﻭﻓﻘﺎً ﻟﻠﻘﺴﻢ ‪.5.2‬‬
‫‪*9.1.7‬ﻻ ﻳﺠﻮﺯ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﻻﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﺇﻻ ﻓﻲ ﺻﻬﺎﺭﻳﺞ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺉﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺘﻮﺍﻓﻖ‬
‫ﻣﻮﺍﺩﺑﻨﺎﺉﻬﺎ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺨﺼﺎﺉﺺ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺉﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺴﺎﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﺩ ﻧﻘﻠﻪ‪ .‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻞ‬
‫ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﻟﻼﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻠﻪ ﻣﺘﻮﺍﻓﻘﺎً ﻛﻴﻤﻴﺎﺉﻴﺎً ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻘﻮﻟﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﻮﻟﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔﻣﺎ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻒ ﺧﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺉﻊ‪.‬‬

‫‪9.1.8‬ﻻ ﻳﺠﻮﺯ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﺳﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﻔﺉﺔ ‪ II‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻔﺉﺔ ‪ III‬ﻓﻲ ﺣﺠﺮﺓ ﻣﺠﺎﻭﺭﺓ ﻟﺴﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﻔﺉﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ ﻣﺎ ﻟﻢ‬
‫ﻳﺘﻢﺗﻮﻓﻴﺮ ﺣﻮﺍﺟﺰ ﻣﺰﺩﻭﺟﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪9.1.9‬ﻻ ﻳﺠﻮﺯ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻮﺍﻓﻘﺔ ﻛﻴﻤﻴﺎﺉﻴﺎ ًﻓﻲ ﺣﺠﺮﺍﺕ ﻣﺠﺎﻭﺭﺓ ﻣﺎ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺘﻢ ﻓﺼﻠﻬﺎ ﺑﺤﻮﺍﺟﺰ‬
‫ﻣﺰﺩﻭﺟﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪*9.1.10‬ﻟﻤﻨﻊ ﺣﺪﻭﺙ ﺧﻄﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻧﻘﺎﻁ ﻭﻣﻴﺾ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺉﻞ‪ ،‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻻ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﺃﻱ ﺧﺰﺍﻥ ﺑﻀﺎﺉﻊ ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﺃﻱﺣﺠﺮﺓ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺗﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﻪ ﻟﺴﺎﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﻔﺉﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ ﺑﺴﺎﺉﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺟﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻔﺉﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻫﺬﺍ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺤﺠﺮﺓ ﻭﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻷﻧﺎﺑﻴﺐ‪ ،‬ﺗﻢ ﺗﺼﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﻤﻀﺨﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺨﺮﺍﻃﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺼﻠﺔ ﺑﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺎﻣﻞ‪.‬‬

‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕﺍﻟﻄﺒﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺸﺮ ‪NFPA‬‬

‫ﺷﺮﻛﺔﺃﺑﺎﺩﻏﻮﺳﺘﺎﺭ ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺴﺎﺕ ﺇﻳﺮﺍﻧﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﻭﺩﺓ‬ ‫‪www.atapars.com‬‬

‫‪www.atapars.com/NFPA-code/‬‬
 ‫‪9.1.10.1‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺷﻄﻒ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺤﺠﺮﺓ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻷﻧﺎﺑﻴﺐ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﻀﺨﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺨﺮﻃﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻻ‬
‫ﻳﺘﻢﺗﺼﺮﻳﻔﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺎﻣﻞ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﺑﻜﻤﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺳﺎﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﻒ ‪ II‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﻒ ‪ III‬ﺗﺴﺎﻭﻱ ﺿﻌﻒ‬
‫ﺳﻌﺔﺍﻷﻧﺎﺑﻴﺐ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻀﺨﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﺨﺮﻃﻮﻡ‪ ،‬ﻹﺯﺍﻟﺔ ﺃﻱ ﺑﻘﺎﻳﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺳﺎﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﻔﺉﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ‪.‬‬

‫‪9.1.11‬ﻻ ﻳﺠﻮﺯ ﺇﺟﺮﺍء ﺃﻱ ﺇﺻﻼﺣﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻱ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺔ ﺻﻬﺮﻳﺠﻴﺔ ﻣﺎ ﻟﻢ ﻳﻜﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻜﻦ ﺇﺟﺮﺍء ﺍﻹﺻﻼﺣﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺩﻭﻥﻣﺨﺎﻃﺮ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﻻ ﻳﺠﻮﺯ ﺇﺻﻼﺡ ﺃﻱ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺔ ﺁﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺮﺁﺏ ﻣﻐﻠﻖ‪.‬‬
‫‪9.1.12‬ﻻ ﻳﺠﻮﺯ ﺇﺻﻼﺡ ﺃﻱ ﺧﺰﺍﻥ ﺑﻀﺎﺉﻊ ﺑﺄﻱ ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻟﻬﺒﺎً ﺃﻭ ﻗﻮﺳﺎً ﺃﻭ ﺃﻱ ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ‬
‫ﺁﺧﺮﻣﺎ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺎﻅ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ ﺧﺎﻟﻴﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﺯ ﺃﻭ ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﺁﻣﻨﺎً ﺑﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﻣﻌﺘﻤﺪﺓ‪.‬‬

‫‪9.2‬ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﻭﺗﻔﺮﻳﻎ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻬﺎﺭﻳﺞ‪.‬‬

‫‪9.2.1‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﻭﺗﻔﺮﻳﻎ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻛﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻬﺮﻳﺠﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﻂ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺘﻤﺪﺓ‪.‬‬
‫‪9.2.2‬ﻻ ﻳﺠﻮﺯ ﻟﻠﺴﺎﺉﻖ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻐﻞ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﻓﻖ ﻷﻱ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺔ ﺻﻬﺮﻳﺠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺎء ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻛﺒﺔ ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻻ ﻳﺠﻮﺯ ﻟﻪ‬
‫ﺗﺮﻙﺍﻟﻤﺮﻛﺒﺔ ﺩﻭﻥ ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺔ ﺃﺛﻨﺎء ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺮﻳﻎ‪ .‬ﻳﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﺧﺮﻃﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺻﻴﻞ‪ ،‬ﻋﻨﺪ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻠﻪ ﺑﻌﺮﺑﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﻬﺮﻳﺞ‪،‬ﺟﺰءﺍً ﻣﻦ ﻋﺮﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻬﺮﻳﺞ‪.‬‬
‫‪9.2.3‬ﺃﺛﻨﺎء ﻧﻘﻞ ﺳﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﻔﺉﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ‪ ،‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺇﻳﻘﺎﻑ ﺗﺸﻐﻴﻞ ﻣﺤﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻛﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻬﺮﻳﺠﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﻣﺤﺮﻛﺎﺕﺍﻟﻤﻀﺨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻋﺪﺓ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻤﻮﻟﺔ ﺃﺛﻨﺎء ﻋﻤﻞ ﻭﻛﺴﺮ ﻭﺻﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﺮﺍﻃﻴﻢ‪.‬‬
‫‪9.2.3.1‬ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺮﻳﻎ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺟﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻣﺤﺮﻙ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻬﺮﻳﺞ‪ ،‬ﻳﺠﺐ‬
‫ﺇﻳﻘﺎﻑﺍﻟﻤﺤﺮﻙ ﻃﻮﺍﻝ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﻧﻘﻞ ﺳﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﻔﺉﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ‪.‬‬

‫‪9.2.4‬ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻀﺨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻤﻮﻟﺔ ﻟﻨﻘﻞ ﺳﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﻔﺉﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ‪ ،‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻤﺘﺜﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻀﺨﺎﺕﺍﻟﻤﺤﻤﻮﻟﺔ ﻟﻸﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﻮﻝ ﺑﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻢ ‪ 8.1‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻢ ‪.8.2‬‬
‫‪9.2.5‬ﻻ ﻳﺠﻮﺯ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﺃﻱ ﺧﺰﺍﻥ ﺑﻀﺎﺉﻊ ﺃﻭ ﺣﺠﺮﺓ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻟﻨﻘﻞ ﺃﻱ ﺳﺎﺉﻞ ﺃﻭ ﺃﺳﻔﻠﺖ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ‬
‫ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝﺃﻭ ﺍﻻﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺎﻣﻞ‪ .‬ﻭﻳﺠﺐ ﺗﻮﻓﻴﺮ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﻛﺎﻓﻴﺔ )ﺍﻧﻘﻄﺎﻉ( ﻓﻲ ﻛﻞ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﻟﻤﻨﻊ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺴﺮﺏﻣﻦ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺤﺠﺮﺓ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺗﻤﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺘﻮﻳﺎﺕ ﺑﺴﺒﺐ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﺃﺛﻨﺎء ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻞ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﻋﻠﻰﺃﻻ ﻳﻘﻞ ﺑﺄﻱ ﺣﺎﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺣﻮﺍﻝ ﻋﻦ ‪ 1‬ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺎﺉﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪9.2.6‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻞ ﺳﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﻔﺉﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻧﺎﺕ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺰﻳﺪ ﺳﻌﺘﻬﺎ‬
‫ﻋﻦ‪ 1000‬ﺟﺎﻟﻮﻥ )‪ 3800‬ﻟﺘﺮ( ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺻﻴﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻜﻤﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺨﺮﻃﻮﻡ ﻭﺃﻧﺒﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﺉﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪9.2.6.1‬ﻓﻲ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮﺩﺓ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻣﺠﻬﺰﺓ ﺑﺄﻱ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺃﻧﻈﻤﺔﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺇﺟﺮﺍء ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺻﻴﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺟﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻐﻴﻞ ﺍﻵﻣﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻠﻴﻢ‬
‫ﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩﺓ‪.‬‬
‫‪9.2.6.2‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻼﺕ ﻣﺼﻤﻤﺔ ﻟﻤﻨﻊ ﺇﻃﻼﻕ ﺍﻷﺑﺨﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺴﺘﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﺼﻒ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﺗﻈﻞﻣﺘﺼﻠﺔ ﻃﻮﺍﻝ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺮﻳﻎ‪.‬‬
‫‪9.2.7‬ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻳﺘﻢ ﻣﻞء ﺧﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺉﻊ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺗﻮﻓﻴﺮ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﺔ ﺇﻳﺠﺎﺑﻴﺔ ﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬
‫ﻛﻤﻴﺔﻣﺤﺪﺩﺓ ﻣﺴﺒﻘﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺉﻞ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﺠﺐ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﺟﻬﺎﺯ ﺗﺤﻜﻢ ﺃﻭﺗﻮﻣﺎﺗﻴﻜﻲ ﻟﻺﻏﻼﻕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻮﻱ ﻓﻲ ﻛﻞ ﺣﺠﺮﺓ‬
‫ﻟﻤﻨﻊﺍﻟﻤﻞء ﺍﻟﺰﺍﺉﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪9.2.8‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻢ ﻭﺿﻊ ﻣﻠﺼﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻹﻏﻼﻕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻮﻱ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻨﻌﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻮﻉ‪.‬‬

‫‪9.2.8.1‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺃﻱ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﻛﻬﺮﺑﺎﺉﻲ ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻟﻺﻏﻼﻕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻮﻱ ﻣﺘﻮﺍﻓﻘﺎً ﻣﻊ ‪NFPA‬‬

‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕﺍﻟﻄﺒﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺸﺮ ‪NFPA‬‬

‫ﺷﺮﻛﺔﺃﺑﺎﺩﻏﻮﺳﺘﺎﺭ ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺴﺎﺕ ﺇﻳﺮﺍﻧﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﻭﺩﺓ‬ ‫‪www.atapars.com‬‬

‫‪www.atapars.com/NFPA-code/‬‬
 ‫‪،70‬ﺍﻟﻜﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺉﻲ ﺍﻟﻮﻃﻨﻲ‪.‬‬
‫‪9.2.9‬ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﻠﻲ ﻣﺠﻬﺰﺓ ﻻﺳﺘﻌﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭ ﻭﻻ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺣﺎﺟﺔ ﻻﺳﺘﺮﺩﺍﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭ‪،‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺑﺨﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ ﻣﻔﺘﻮﺣﺎً ﻟﻠﻬﻮﺍء ﺍﻟﺠﻮﻱ ﻟﻤﻨﻊ ﺿﻐﻂ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ ﻭﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭ‪.‬‬

‫‪9.2.10‬ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻣﺤﻮﻝ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻔﺼﻞ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺍﺗﺨﺎﺫ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺍﺑﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻣﺔ ﻟﻀﻤﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺗﻬﻮﻳﺔﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺎﻣﻞ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺮﻳﻎ ﻟﻤﻨﻊ ﺍﻧﻬﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ‪ .‬ﻳﻨﻄﺒﻖ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻁ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞﺍﻟﺴﻔﻠﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻱ‪.‬‬
‫‪9.2.11‬ﺃﺛﻨﺎء ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﻠﻲ ﻟﻠﺨﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻬﺰ ﺑﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺩﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻭﺻﻠﺔ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺩﺍﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻟﻨﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭ ﺑﻌﻴﺪﺍً ﻋﻦ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻓﻲ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻧﺒﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺮﻳﻎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺉﻢﺃﻭ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻓﺘﺢ ﻓﺘﺤﺎﺕ ﺗﻌﺒﺉﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ )ﻓﺘﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺘﻴﺶ(‪.‬‬

‫‪9.2.12‬ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻳﺘﻢ ﻣﻞء ﺧﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺉﻊ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻓﺘﺤﺔ ﻋﻠﻮﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺭﺑﻂ ﺧﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺉﻊ ﺑﺴﺎﻕ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﺉﺔ‬
‫ﺃﻭﺑﺠﺰء ﻣﻦ ﻫﻴﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺼﻞ ﻛﻬﺮﺑﺎﺉﻴﺎً ﺑﺄﻧﺎﺑﻴﺐ ﺳﺎﻕ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﺉﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪9.2.12.1‬ﻻ ﻳﻠﺰﻡ ﺍﻟﺮﺑﻂ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﺍﻷﺳﻔﻠﺖ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺖ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻡ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻱ ﻣﻨﺘﺞ ﻳﺤﺘﻮﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﺴﺐ ﻛﺒﻴﺮﺓ‬
‫ﻣﻦﺍﻟﺒﻘﺎﻳﺎ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻡ‪.‬‬
‫‪9.2.12.2‬ﻻ ﻳﻠﺰﻡ ﺍﻟﺮﺑﻂ ﻟﻤﺮﻛﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻬﺎﺭﻳﺞ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﺣﺼﺮﻳﺎً ﻟﻨﻘﻞ ﺳﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺟﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺟﺔﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻠﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﻻ ﻳﺘﻢ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻊ ﺳﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﻔﺉﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ‪.‬‬
‫‪*9.2.12.3‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻞ ﺳﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﺮﺑﻂ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻓﺘﺢ ﺃﻏﻄﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺒﺔ ﻭﻳﺠﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺎﻅ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻪ ﺃﺛﻨﺎء‬
‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﺉﺔ ﺑﺄﻛﻤﻠﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫‪9.2.12.4‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺃﻏﻄﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺒﺔ ﻣﻐﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﺈﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻓﺼﻞ ﺳﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﺮﺑﻂ ﻋﻦ ﺧﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺉﻊ‪.‬‬

‫‪9.2.13‬ﻻ ﻳﻠﺰﻡ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻭﺻﻠﺔ ﺳﻠﻚ ﺭﺑﻂ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻲ ﺃﻭ ﺳﻠﻚ ﺭﺑﻂ ﻣﺘﻜﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻊ ﺧﺮﻃﻮﻡ ﻟﺘﻔﺮﻳﻎ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝﻭﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻧﺎﺕ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻭﻻ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﺃﻭ ﺗﻔﺮﻳﻎ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻬﺮﻳﺞ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺧﻼﻝﻭﺻﻼﺕ ﻣﺤﻜﻤﺔ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﻠﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪9.2.14‬ﻳﻤﻨﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺧﻴﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻭ ﺣﻮﻝ ﺃﻱ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺔ ﺻﻬﺮﻳﺠﻴﺔ ﺃﺛﻨﺎء ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﺃﻭ ﺗﻔﺮﻳﻎ ﺃﻱ ﺳﺎﺉﻞ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ‬
‫ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝﺃﻭ ﺍﻻﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ‪.‬‬
‫‪9.2.15‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺗﻮﺧﻲ ﺍﻟﺤﺬﺭ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﻳﺪ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﺃﻭ ﺗﻔﺮﻳﻎ ﺃﻱ ﺳﺎﺉﻞ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻱ‬
‫ﺧﺰﺍﻥﺑﻀﺎﺉﻊ ﻹﺑﻌﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ ﻭﻣﻨﻊ ﺍﻷﺷﺨﺎﺹ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮﺩﻳﻦ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎﻭﺭﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺧﻴﻦ ﺃﻭ ﺇﺷﻌﺎﻝ‬
‫ﺃﻋﻮﺍﺩﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﺏ ﺃﻭ ﺣﻤﻞ ﺃﻱ ﻟﻬﺐ ﺃﻭ ﺳﻴﺠﺎﺭ ﺃﻭ ﻏﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺃﻭ ﺳﻴﺠﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﺸﺘﻌﻠﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪9.2.16‬ﻻ ﻳﺠﻮﺯ ﻧﻘﻞ ﺃﻱ ﺳﺎﺉﻞ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻻﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ ﻣﻦ ﻭﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻱ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺔ ﺻﻬﺮﻳﺠﻴﺔ ﻣﺎ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺘﻢ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂﻓﺮﺍﻣﻞ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺁﻣﻦ ﻭﺗﻢ ﺍﺗﺨﺎﺫ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻴﺎﻃﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻘﻮﻟﺔ ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ ﻟﻤﻨﻊ ﺣﺮﻛﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻛﺒﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪9.3‬ﻃﻔﺎﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺤﺮﻳﻖ‪.‬‬
‫‪9.3.1‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺰﻭﺩ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺔ ﺻﻬﺮﻳﺞ ﺑﻄﻔﺎﻳﺔ ﺣﺮﻳﻖ ﻣﺤﻤﻮﻟﺔ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺗﺼﻨﻴﻒ ﻻ ﻳﻘﻞ ﻋﻦ ‪A: 40B,C‬‬
‫‪4‬ﺃﻭ ﺑﺄﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻃﻔﺎﻳﺔ ﺣﺮﻳﻖ ﻣﺤﻤﻮﻟﺔ‪ ،‬ﻛﻞ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻟﻬﺎ ﺗﺼﻨﻴﻒ ‪.2A: 20B,C‬‬

‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕﺍﻟﻄﺒﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺸﺮ ‪NFPA‬‬

‫ﺷﺮﻛﺔﺃﺑﺎﺩﻏﻮﺳﺘﺎﺭ ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺴﺎﺕ ﺇﻳﺮﺍﻧﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﻭﺩﺓ‬ ‫‪www.atapars.com‬‬

‫‪www.atapars.com/NFPA-code/‬‬
 ‫‪9.3.2‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻴﻴﻤﺎﺕ ﻣﺘﻮﺍﻓﻘﺔ ﻣﻊ ‪،NFPA 10‬ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺻﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺇﻃﻔﺎء ﺍﻟﺤﺮﻳﻖ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻤﻮﻟﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪9.3.3‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻈﻞ ﻃﻔﺎﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺤﺮﻳﻖ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺗﺸﻐﻴﻞ ﺟﻴﺪﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻷﻭﻗﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﻣﻜﺎﻥﻳﺴﻬﻞ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻮﻝ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻓﻲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺔ ﺻﻬﺮﻳﺠﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪9.3.4‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺻﻴﺎﻧﺔ ﻃﻔﺎﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺤﺮﻳﻖ ﻃﺒﻘﺎ ًﻟﻠﻤﻮﺍﺻﻔﺔ ‪،NFPA 10‬ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺻﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺇﻃﻔﺎء‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﺮﻳﻖﺍﻟﻤﺤﻤﻮﻟﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﺃ ﻣﻠﺤﻖﺃ ﻣﺎﺩﺓ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺤﻴﺔ‬

‫ﻻﻳﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺤﻖ ﺃ ﺟﺰءﺍً ﻣﻦ ﻣﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﻭﺛﻴﻘﺔ ‪ NFPA‬ﻭﻟﻜﻨﻪ ﺗﻢ ﺗﻀﻤﻴﻨﻪ ﻷﻏﺮﺍﺽ ﺇﻋﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﻂ‪.‬‬
‫ﻳﺤﺘﻮﻱﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺤﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎﺩﺓ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺤﻴﺔ ﻣﺮﻗﻤﺔ ﻟﺘﺘﻮﺍﻓﻖ ﻣﻊ ﻓﻘﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺺ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﻮﻝ ﺑﻬﺎ‪.‬‬

‫ﺃ‪1.1.1.‬ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺮﺓ ﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﻫﻲ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺘﻤﺘﻊ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺪﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺉﻲﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺄﻧﻬﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻨﺘﺞ ﺗﻔﺎﻋﻼﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻧﻔﺠﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻋﻨﻴﻔﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺮﻏﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺮﺿﻬﺎ ﻟﻠﻬﻮﺍء ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﺎء‬
‫ﺃﻭﺍﻟﺤﺮﺍﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﺑﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﻨﻄﺎﻕ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻟﻠﻈﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻮﺍﺟﻬﻬﺎ ﺃﺛﻨﺎء ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﻭﻟﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺰﻳﻦ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻞ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺉﻞﻏﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺮﺓ )ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻔﺎﻋﻠﺔ( ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺘﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻴﺔﺃﻭ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺇﻧﺘﺎﺟﻬﺎ ﺃﻭ ﻧﻘﻠﻬﺎ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﻳﺎً ﺳﻮﻑ ﺗﺘﺒﻠﻤﺮ ﺑﻘﻮﺓ ﺃﻭ ﺗﺘﺤﻠﻞ ﺃﻭ ﺗﺘﻜﺜﻒ ﺃﻭ ﺗﺼﺒﺢ ﺫﺍﺗﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ‬
‫ﺗﺤﺖﻇﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻟﺼﺪﻣﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﺃﻭ ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺮﺍﺭﺓ‪.‬‬

‫ﺃ‪3.2.1.‬ﺗﻤﺖ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﻓﻘﺔ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪.‬ﻻ ﺗﻮﺍﻓﻖ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﻃﻨﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺤﺮﺍﺉﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻱ ﻣﻨﺸﺂﺕ ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﺇﺟﺮﺍءﺍﺕﺃﻭ ﻣﻌﺪﺍﺕ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺃﻭ ﺗﻘﻮﻡ ﺑﺘﻔﺘﻴﺸﻬﺎ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺪﻳﻖ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ؛ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺃﻧﻬﺎ ﻻ ﺗﻮﺍﻓﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺨﺘﺒﺮﺍﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭﺃﻭ ﺗﻘﻴﻤﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﻋﻨﺪ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﺪﻯ ﻗﺒﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺒﺎﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻹﺟﺮﺍءﺍﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺪﺍﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﻳﺠﻮﺯ ﻟﻠﺴﻠﻄﺔ‬
‫ﺫﺍﺕﺍﻻﺧﺘﺼﺎﺹ ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﺉﻲ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺒﻨﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺒﻮﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﻣﺘﺜﺎﻝ ﻟﻤﻌﺎﻳﻴﺮ ‪ NFPA‬ﺃﻭ ﻣﻌﺎﻳﻴﺮ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔﻋﺪﻡ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻳﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﻗﺪ ﺗﻄﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺬﻛﻮﺭﺓ ﺩﻟﻴﻼ ًﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺜﺒﻴﺖ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻹﺟﺮﺍء ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢ‪ .‬ﻳﺠﻮﺯ ﻟﻠﺴﻠﻄﺔ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﻻﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﺉﻴﺔ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻮﻉ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﺉﻢ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻤﺎﺭﺳﺎﺕ ﻭﺿﻊ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻣﺎﺕﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﻤﻨﻈﻤﺔ ﻣﻌﻨﻴﺔ ﺑﺘﻘﻴﻴﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎﺕ ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻭﺿﻊ ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ‬
‫ﺍﻻﻣﺘﺜﺎﻝﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎﻳﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ ﻟﻺﻧﺘﺎﺝ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﻲ ﻟﻠﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﺭﺟﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﺃ‪3.2.3.‬ﻣﺪﺭﺝ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺉﻤﺔ‪.‬ﻗﺪ ﺗﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻭﺳﺎﺉﻞ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺪﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﺭﺟﺔ ﻟﻜﻞ ﻣﻨﻈﻤﺔ ﻣﻌﻨﻴﺔ ﺑﺘﻘﻴﻴﻢ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺞ؛ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻈﻤﺎﺕ ﻻ ﺗﻌﺘﺮﻑ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻌﺪﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﺭﺟﺔ ﻣﺎ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺼﻨﻴﻔﻬﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً‪ .‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺔ‬
‫ﺫﺍﺕﺍﻻﺧﺘﺼﺎﺹ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﻪ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻈﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺉﻤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺉﻤﺔ ﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺪﺭﺝ‪.‬‬
‫ﺃ‪3.3.4.‬ﺳﺎﺉﻞ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻟﻼﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ‪.‬ﻟﺘﺼﻨﻴﻒ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺟﻊ ‪ 4.2.2‬ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬﻩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺻﻔﺔﻭ‪ 1.7.3.1‬ﻣﻦ ‪،NFPA 30‬ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﻻﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ‪.‬‬
‫ﺃ‪3.3.6.‬ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ‪.‬ﻟﺘﺼﻨﻴﻒ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺟﻊ ‪ 4.2.1‬ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬﻩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺻﻔﺔﻭ‪ 1.7.3.2‬ﻣﻦ ‪،NFPA 30‬ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﻻﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ‪ .‬ﻟﻠﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕﺣﻮﻝ ﺇﺟﺮﺍءﺍﺕ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﻭﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﻣﻴﺾ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺟﻊ ‪ 1.7.4‬ﻣﻦ ‪،NFPA 30‬ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺉﻞﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﻻﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ‪.‬‬
‫ﺃ‪3.3.7.‬ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﻣﻴﺾ‪.‬ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﻣﻴﺾ ﻫﻲ ﻣﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮ ﻟﺘﻄﺎﻳﺮ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺉﻞ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻴﻠﻪ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺨﺮ‪ .‬ﻛﻠﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻧﺨﻔﻀﺖﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﻣﻴﺾ‪ ،‬ﺯﺍﺩﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﻭﺯﺍﺩ ﺧﻄﺮ ﻧﺸﻮﺏ ﺣﺮﻳﻖ‪ .‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﻣﻴﺾ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡﺃﺣﺪ ﺇﺟﺮﺍءﺍﺕ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺘﻤﺘﻊ ﺑﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺸﺮ ‪NFPA‬‬

‫ﺷﺮﻛﺔﺃﺑﺎﺩﻏﻮﺳﺘﺎﺭ ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺴﺎﺕ ﺇﻳﺮﺍﻧﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﻭﺩﺓ‬ ‫‪www.atapars.com‬‬

‫‪www.atapars.com/NFPA-code/‬‬
 ‫ﺗﻢﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪﻫﺎ ﻓﻲ ‪،NFPA 30‬ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﻻﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ‪.1.7.4 ،‬‬
‫ﻣﻦﺍﻟﺴﻬﻞ ﺍﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻟﻪ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﻭﻣﻴﺾ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻴﻄﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻗﻞ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻭﺳﻴﺤﺘﺮﻕ‬
‫ﺑﺴﺮﻋﺔ‪.‬ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻻﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﺳﻴﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻠﻬﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺉﻞ ﺳﺮﻳﻌﺎً‪ ،‬ﻷﻧﻪ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻀﺮﻭﺭﻱ‬
‫ﺃﻥﺗﺴﺘﻬﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ ﻃﺎﻗﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺴﺨﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺉﻞ ﻟﺘﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﺰﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺰﻳﻦ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﻣﺄﻟﻮﻑ‪ .‬ﻳﺸﻜﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺉﻞﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﻭﻣﻴﻀﻪ ﺃﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻦ ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻴﻄﺔ ﺧﻄﺮﺍً ﺃﻗﻞ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻳﺠﺐ ﺗﺴﺨﻴﻨﻪ ﻟﺘﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬
‫ﻣﺎﻳﻜﻔﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭ ﻟﻴﺼﺒﺢ ﻗﺎﺑﻼ ًﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ؛ ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﻌﺐ ﺍﺷﺘﻌﺎﻟﻪ ﻭﻳﻤﺜﻞ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺃﻗﻞ ﻟﺘﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻭﺍﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭ‪.‬ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺉﻌﺔ ﺯﻳﺖ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﻓﺉﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺰﻟﻴﺔ )ﺯﻳﺖ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﻮﺩ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪ ،(2‬ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺠﺐ ﺫﺭﺗﻪ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺭﺫﺍﺫ‬
‫ﺧﻔﻴﻒﺣﺘﻰ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺇﺷﻌﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﺴﻬﻮﻟﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﺗﻈﻬﺮﻣﺤﺎﻟﻴﻞ ﻣﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﻟﻠﺴﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺎء ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﻭﻣﻴﺾ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺇﺟﺮﺍءﺍﺕ ﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﻐﻠﻖ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔﻭﻟﻜﻨﻬﺎ ﻟﻦ ﺗﺤﺘﺮﻕ ﻭﻗﺪ ﺗﻄﻔﺊ ﺍﻟﺤﺮﻳﻖ‪ .‬ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺎﻋﺪﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺤﻠﻮﻝ‪ ،‬ﺗﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻳﻴﺮ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔﻣﻔﻴﺪﺓ‪،ASTM D 4207 :‬ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺤﺮﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻤﺮ ﻟﻠﻤﺨﺎﻟﻴﻂ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺉﻠﺔ ﻣﻨﺨﻔﻀﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻠﺰﻭﺟﺔﺑﻮﺍﺳﻄﺔ ﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﻴﻞﻭ ‪ ،ASTM D 4206‬ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺤﺮﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻤﺮ ﻟﻠﻤﺨﺎﻟﻴﻂ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺉﻠﺔﺑﻮﺍﺳﻄﺔ ﺟﻬﺎﺯ ﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ‪) Setaflash‬ﺍﻟﻜﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺘﻮﺡ(‪ .‬ﺗﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻴﻂ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺉﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻻ ﺗﺴﺘﻤﺮ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻻﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕﻟﻔﺘﺮﺓ ﻣﺤﺪﺩﺓ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﻣﺤﺪﺩﺓ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ‪ .‬ﺗﻮﻓﺮ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺇﺿﺎﻓﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪﺍﻟﺘﺨﺰﻳﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﺒﻴﻦ ﻣﻊ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻴﻂ‪ .‬ﻓﻲ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺿﻴﻖ‪ ،‬ﻗﺪ ﺗﺴﺘﻤﺮ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺨﻼﺉﻂ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺗﻜﻮﻳﻦﺧﻠﻴﻂ ﺑﺨﺎﺭ ﻭﻫﻮﺍء ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩﺍً ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻴﻂ ﻭﻛﻤﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻻﻧﺴﻜﺎﺏ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔﺑﻨﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﻣﻴﺾ ﻫﻲ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ‪ .‬ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺉﻞ ﻫﻲ ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﺆﺩﻱ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﺎ‬
‫ﺍﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝﺍﻷﺑﺨﺮﺓ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ‪ .‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺢﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﻣﻴﺾﻭﻳﺸﻴﺮ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻷﺑﺨﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻮﻟﺪﺓ‬
‫ﻋﻨﺪﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺳﻮﻑ ﺗﻮﻣﺾ‪ ،‬ﻟﻜﻨﻬﺎ ﻟﻦ ﺗﺴﺘﻤﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻀﺮﻭﺭﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻕ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻮﻣﻴﺾﻭﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺮﻳﻖ ﻟﻪ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻷﻫﻤﻴﺔ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺇﺟﺮﺍء ﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﻣﻴﺾ)ﺭﺍﺟﻊ ‪،ASTM D 92‬‬
‫ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻟﻨﻘﺎﻁ ﺍﻟﻮﻣﻴﺾ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ ﺑﻮﺍﺳﻄﺔ ‪ ،Cleveland Open Cup‬ﻭﻟﻮﺍﺉﺢ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻣﺮﻳﻜﻴﺔﻓﻲ ‪ ،CFR 173 49‬ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺤﻖ ‪" ،H‬ﻟﻮﺍﺉﺢ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﺮﺓ‪ "،‬ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺪﺍﻡ(‪.‬ﻭﻣﻊ ﺫﻟﻚ‪ ،‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﻭﻣﻴﺾ ﺍﻟﻜﺄﺱ ﺍﻟﻤﻐﻠﻘﺔ ﻟﺘﺼﻨﻴﻒ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺉﻞ ﻭﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﺧﻄﻮﺭﺗﻪ‪.‬‬

‫ﻟﻤﺰﻳﺪﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺟﻊ ‪،ASTM E 502‬ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻻﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻣﻌﺎﻳﻴﺮ‬
‫‪ ASTM‬ﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻻﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ ﻟﻠﻤﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺉﻴﺔ ﺑﻄﺮﻕ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﻐﻠﻖ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺍﻝﺩﻟﻴﻞ ‪ ASTM‬ﺑﺸﺄﻥ‬
‫ﻣﻌﺎﻳﻴﺮﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﻣﻴﺾ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﺃ‪3.3.13.‬ﺿﻐﻂ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭ‪.‬ﺿﻐﻂ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﻟﻠﻀﻐﻂ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻤﺎﺭﺳﻪ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺉﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻐﻼﻑ ﺍﻟﺠﻮﻱ‬
‫ﻓﻮﻗﻪ‪.‬ﻓﺒﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﻳﻀﻐﻂ ﺍﻟﻐﻼﻑ ﺍﻟﺠﻮﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺉﻞ‪ ،‬ﻳﺪﻓﻊ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺉﻞ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻒ‪ .‬ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺿﻐﻂ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭ‬
‫ﻋﺎﺩﺓﺃﻗﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﺍﻟﺠﻮﻱ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﻟﻤﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺉﻞ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺨﺮ ﻭﺍﻻﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺉﻠﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔﺍﻟﻐﺎﺯﻳﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻳﺸﺎﺭ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻻﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﺑﺎﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﺐ‪ ،‬ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺢﻣﺘﻘﻠﺐ‬
‫ﻟﻮﺻﻒﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺘﺒﺨﺮ ﺑﺴﻬﻮﻟﺔ ﺷﺪﻳﺪﺓ‪ .‬ﻛﻠﻤﺎ ﺯﺍﺩ ﺿﻐﻂ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﺯﺍﺩ ﻣﻌﺪﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺨﺮ ﻭﺍﻧﺨﻔﻀﺖ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻐﻠﻴﺎﻥ‪.‬ﺑﺒﺴﺎﻃﺔ‪ ،‬ﻫﺬﺍ ﻳﻌﻨﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺰﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺑﺨﺮﺓ ﻭﺯﻳﺎﺩﺓ ﺧﻄﺮ ﺍﻟﺤﺮﺍﺉﻖ‪.‬‬

‫ﺃ‪5.1.6.‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﺧﺬ ﺍﻻﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺘﻤﻞ ﻓﻲ ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﺃﺛﻨﺎء ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻞ ﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻻﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉﻓﻲ ﺍﻻﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺳﻴﺘﻢ ﻧﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ‬
‫ﻋﻨﺪﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﻐﻠﻴﺎﻥ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﻋﺪﻡ ﺗﻮﻓﺮ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﻏﻠﻴﺎﻥ ﺩﻗﻴﻘﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻨﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻟﻠﻤﺨﺎﻟﻴﻂ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬
‫ﻟﻴﺲﻟﻬﺎ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﻏﻠﻴﺎﻥ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻥ ‪Copyright NFPA 20‬‬

‫ﺷﺮﻛﺔﺃﺑﺎﺩﻏﻮﺳﺘﺎﺭ ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺴﺎﺕ ﺇﻳﺮﺍﻧﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﻭﺩﺓ‬ ‫‪www.atapars.com‬‬

‫‪www.atapars.com/NFPA-code/‬‬
 ‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔﻣﺉﻮﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻄﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺗﻢ ﺇﺟﺮﺍﺅﻩ ﻭﻓﻘﺎً ﻟﻠﻤﻮﺍﺻﻔﺔ ‪،ASTM D 86‬ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻟﻼﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ‬
‫ﻟﺘﻘﻄﻴﺮﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺘﺮﻭﻟﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﻪ ﻛﻨﻘﻄﺔ ﻏﻠﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺉﻞ‪.‬‬
‫ﺃ‪5.1.8.‬ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﻚ‪ ،‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺍﺳﺘﺸﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻨﺘﺞ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﺃﻱﺳﻠﻄﺔ ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺔ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﺑﺸﺄﻥ ﻣﺪﻯ ﻣﻼءﻣﺔ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎء ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﻬﺎ‪.‬‬

‫ﺃ‪5.3.2.‬ﺍﻟﺤﺪ ﺍﻷﺩﻧﻰ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﻟﻠﻤﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﺭﺟﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻭﻝ ‪ 5.3.2‬ﻣﻜﺮﺭ ﻣﻦ ‪،CFR 178.345 49‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺭﻱﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍً ﻣﻦ ‪ 1‬ﻳﻨﺎﻳﺮ ‪.1974‬‬
‫ﺃ‪5.3.13.4.‬ﺗﺘﻮﻓﺮ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺣﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ ﻹﺟﺮﺍء ﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﻓﻖ ﻓﻲ ‪،API 2000‬ﺻﻬﺎﺭﻳﺞ‬
‫ﺗﺨﺰﻳﻦﺍﻟﻬﻮﺍء ﻭﺍﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺨﻔﺾ‪ :‬ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺒﺮﺩﺓ ﻭﻣﺒﺮﺩﺓ‪.‬‬

‫ﺃ‪5.4.1.1.‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻀﻤﻴﻦ ﺣﺪ ﺍﻟﻠﺰﻭﺟﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻟﻎ ‪ 45‬ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻷﻏﺮﺍﺽ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺟﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺻﻤﺎﻣﺎﺕ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻴﺔ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻧﻘﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺰﻳﻮﺕﺍﻟﻤﻘﻄﺮﺓ ﺣﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﻓﻖ‪ ،‬ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﺮﻭﺳﻴﻦ ﻭﺯﻳﺖ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﺰﻝ ﻭﺯﻳﺖ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﻓﺉﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺰﻟﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎء ﻫﺬﺍ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻁﻋﻨﺪ ﻧﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﻮﺕ ﺍﻟﻠﺰﺟﺔ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺯﻳﺖ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺒﻘﻲ ﻭﺯﻳﺖ ﻭﻗﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺳﻔﻠﺘﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺘﺠﻤﺪ ﻭﺗﺴﺒﺐ ﺧﻠﻼ ًﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﻤﺎﻡ‪.‬‬

‫ﺃ‪9.1.7.‬ﻭﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﻚ‪ ،‬ﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ ﺍﺳﺘﺸﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻨﺘﺞ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ‬
‫ﺃﻭﺃﻱ ﺳﻠﻄﺔ ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺔ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ‪.‬‬
‫ﺃ‪9.1.10.‬ﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﻞ ﺧﻄﺮ ﺍﻹﺷﻌﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻛﻦ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺉﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺉﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻔﺉﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ)ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺘﺎﺡ(‪ ،‬ﻗﺪ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺍﺣﺘﻴﺎﻃﺎﺕ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻳﺔ‪).‬ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺤﻖ ﺏ ﻟﻤﺰﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‪(.‬‬
‫ﺃ‪9.2.12.3.‬ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺃﺳﻼﻙ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺪﺍﺕ ﻣﻌﺰﻭﻟﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻌﺰﻭﻟﺔ‪ .‬ﻳﺴﻤﺢ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻚ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺰﻭﻝ ﺑﺈﺟﺮﺍء‬
‫ﻓﺤﺺﺑﺼﺮﻱ ﺟﺎﻫﺰ ﻻﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻄﺔ‪ .‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻷﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺰﻭﻟﺔ ﻛﻬﺮﺑﺎﺉﻴﺎً ﺃﻭ ﻓﺤﺼﻬﺎ ﺩﻭﺭﻳﺎً ﻟﻠﺘﺄﻛﺪ‬
‫ﻣﻦﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭﻳﺔ ﺩﺍﺉﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻄﺔ ﺑﺄﻛﻤﻠﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺑﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺎﺑﻚ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻮﺻﻼﺕ‪.‬‬

‫ﺃ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺤﻖﺏ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻴﺎﻃﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻣﺔ ﺿﺪ ﺍﻻﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻛﻨﺔ‬

‫ﻻﻳﻌﺪ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺤﻖ ﺟﺰءﺍً ﻣﻦ ﻣﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﻭﺛﻴﻘﺔ ‪ NFPA‬ﻭﻟﻜﻨﻪ ﺗﻢ ﺗﻀﻤﻴﻨﻪ ﻷﻏﺮﺍﺽ ﺇﻋﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﻂ‪.‬‬

‫ﺏ‪1.‬ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﺏ‪1.1.‬ﻳﺘﻀﻤﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ ‪ 9‬ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺻﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﻣﻮﺟﻬﺔ ﻟﻤﻨﻊ ﺣﺪﻭﺙ ﺣﺮﺍﺉﻖ ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻧﻔﺠﺎﺭﺍﺕﻧﺎﺗﺠﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻛﻨﺔ ﺃﺛﻨﺎء ﺗﺸﻐﻴﻞ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻬﺎﺭﻳﺞ‪ .‬ﻳﻮﻓﺮ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺤﻖ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺃﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔﺑﺸﺄﻥ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻭﺗﺮﺍﻛﻢ ﻭﺇﻃﻼﻕ ﺍﻟﺸﺤﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻛﻨﺔ )ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺭ( ﻓﻲ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﻭﻳﺸﺮﺡ ﺃﺳﺒﺎﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻴﺎﻃﺎﺕﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﺏ‪1.2.‬ﻟﻠﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﺗﻔﺼﻴﻼ ًﻟﻠﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻛﻨﺔ ﻭﻃﺮﻕ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺑﻐﺮﺽ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻠﺺ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﻣﺨﺎﻃﺮﺍﻟﺤﺮﻳﻖ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻔﻴﻒ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺟﻊ ‪،NFPA 77‬ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺎﺭﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺻﻰ ﺑﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻛﻨﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﺏ‪2.‬ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻛﻨﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕﺍﻟﻄﺒﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺸﺮ ‪NFPA‬‬

‫ﺷﺮﻛﺔﺃﺑﺎﺩﻏﻮﺳﺘﺎﺭ ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺴﺎﺕ ﺇﻳﺮﺍﻧﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﻭﺩﺓ‬ ‫‪www.atapars.com‬‬

‫‪www.atapars.com/NFPA-code/‬‬
 ‫ﺏ‪2.1.‬ﺍﻟﺠﻴﻞ‪.‬ﺗﻨﺘﺞ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻛﻨﺔ ﺩﺍﺉﻤﺎً ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﺎً ﻋﻦ ﺍﻻﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﻴﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ ﺍﻟﻼﺣﻖ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﺎﺩﺗﻴﻦ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎًﻣﺎ ﺗﻜﻮﻧﺎ ﻣﺎﺩﺗﻴﻦ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺘﻴﻦ‪ .‬ﻓﻲ ﺣﻴﻦ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻈﺎﻫﺮ ﺍﻷﻛﺜﺮ ﺷﻬﺮﺓ ﺗﺸﻤﻞ ﻓﺼﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺼﻠﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻥ‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺼﻠﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺉﻠﺔ ﻫﻮ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻭﺳﻴﻠﺔ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﻷﻛﺜﺮ ﺃﻫﻤﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺸﻐﻴﻞ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻬﺎﺭﻳﺞ‪.‬‬

‫ﻳﺆﺩﻱﺗﺪﻓﻖ ﺃﻱ ﺳﺎﺉﻞ )ﺣﺘﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺎء( ﻋﺒﺮ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺎ‪ ،‬ﻣﺜﻞ ﺟﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﻷﻧﺒﻮﺏ‪ ،‬ﺇﻟﻰ ﻓﺼﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﺤﻨﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺉﻴﺔ‪.‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺉﻞ ﻣﻮﺻﻼً ﻟﻠﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء‪ ،‬ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺎء‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﺤﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻔﺼﻠﺔ ﺗﺘﺤﺪ ﺑﺴﺮﻋﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ‬
‫ﻳﻮﺟﺪﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻭﺍﺿﺢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺪﻭﺙ ﻓﺼﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﺤﻨﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻹﻃﻼﻕ‪ .‬ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺉﻞ ﻣﻮﺻﻼً ﺭﺩﻳﺉﺎً‪،‬‬
‫ﻛﻤﺎﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻝ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﻮﺕ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺪ ﺗﺘﻢ ﺇﻋﺎﻗﺔ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﻫﺬﻩ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﺗﺘﺮﺍﻛﻢ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﺤﻨﺎﺕﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻤﺮﺓ‪.‬‬
‫ﺇﺫﺍﺗﻢ ﻣﻞء ﻭﻋﺎء ﻣﻌﺪﻧﻲ ﻣﻌﺰﻭﻝ ﻋﻦ ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻪ ﺑﻬﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﺤﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﺤﻤﻠﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺉﻞﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻮﻋﺎء‪ .‬ﻭﺑﻌﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺼﺒﺢ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﻴﻨﺔ "ﻣﺸﺤﻮﻧﺔ"‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﺗﻔﺘﺮﺽ ﺇﻣﻜﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻛﻬﺮﺑﺎﺉﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔﻋﻦ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻴﻄﺔ ﺑﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﺗﻢ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺐ ﺳﻠﻚ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﺑﺠﺴﻢ ﺁﺧﺮ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺎﻷﺭﺽ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﻋﺎء ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺘﻢ‬
‫ﻣﻠﺆﻩ‪،‬ﻓﻴﻤﻜﻦ ﺇﻃﻼﻕ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺸﺤﻨﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺷﺮﺍﺭﺓ‪.‬‬

‫ﺑﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺣﺪ ﻣﺎ ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻣﻤﺎﺛﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻗﺪ ﺗﺘﺮﺍﻛﻢ ﺍﻟﺸﺤﻨﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺉﻞ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺑﻌﻴﺪﺓ ﻋﻦ‬
‫ﺟﺪﺭﺍﻥﺍﻟﻮﻋﺎء‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺮﻏﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻮﻋﺎء ﻧﻔﺴﻪ "ﻣﺆﺭﺽ"‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺇﻃﻼﻕ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺸﺤﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻄﺤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ ﻇﻞ‬
‫ﻇﺮﻭﻑﻣﻌﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺷﺮﺍﺭﺓ‪.‬‬
‫ﻛﻞﻣﻦ ﻫﺎﺗﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﺳﻴﻠﺘﻴﻦ ﻹﻧﺘﺎﺝ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﻣﻬﻤﺘﺎﻥ ﻭﺳﻴﺘﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻌﻬﻤﺎ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻣﻨﻔﺼﻞ‪.‬‬
‫ﺏ‪2.2.‬ﺍﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﺸﺤﻦ‪.‬ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻭﻁﺍﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﺸﺤﻦﻭﺍﻟﻘﺪﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻛﻨﺔﻟﻘﺪ ﺩﺧﻠﺖ ﺣﻴﺰ‬
‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡﻓﻲ ﻭﺻﻒ ﻗﺪﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺉﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻭﺍﺣﺘﺠﺎﺯ ﺷﺤﻨﺔ ﺧﻄﻴﺮﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻛﻨﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﺍ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻓﻖﻛﻠﻤﺔﺯﻳﺖﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻟﺘﺼﻨﻴﻒ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺉﻞ ﺑﻐﺾ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ‪ .‬ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ‪ ،‬ﺗﺘﺮﺍﻭﺡ ﻫﺬﻩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺉﻞﻣﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻛﻴﻤﻴﺎﺉﻴﺔ ﻧﻘﻴﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻣﺨﺎﻟﻴﻂ ﻣﻌﻘﺪﺓ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﺮﻭﺳﻴﻦ ﻭﻏﻴﺮﻩ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺘﺮﻭﻟﻴﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺑﻌﻀﻬﺎﻟﻪ ﻣﻴﻞ ﻟﻠﺸﺤﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭﺑﻌﻀﻬﺎ ﻻ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﺘﺄﺛﺮﻗﺪﺭﺓ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻛﻨﺔ ﻷﻱ ﺯﻳﺖ ﺑﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﻣﻌﻘﺪﺓ ﺑﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﻣﻜﻮﻧﺎﺕ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺄﻳﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﻭﻣﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺉﻴﺔﻟﻠﺰﻳﺖ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﻤﺖ ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺸﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻔﺼﻴﻞ ﻓﻲ ‪ ،NFPA 77‬ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺎﺭﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺻﻰ ﺑﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻛﻨﺔ‪ .‬ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺞ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﺔ ﻣﻮﺛﻮﻗﺔ ﻟﺘﻤﻴﻴﺰ ﺯﻳﺖ ﻋﻦ ﺁﺧﺮ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻳﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻘﺪﺭﺓ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻛﻨﺔ‪.‬ﻭﻣﻦ ﺛﻢ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻴﺎﻃﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺬﻛﻮﺭﺓ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﻴﻘﺔ ﺗﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡ ﺃﻥ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﻮﺕ‬
‫ﻣﺸﻜﻮﻙﻓﻴﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻣﻊ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎء ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻢ ﻭﻫﻮ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻂ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻡ ﻭﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺤﺘﻮﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻤﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺻﻐﻴﺮﺓﺟﺪﺍً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻠﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺗﺠﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺗﻘﻄﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻂ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻡ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺃﻧﻬﺎ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺮﻛﻤﺔ ﻷﻥ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺻﻠﻴﺔﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻧﺴﺒﻴﺎ‪ .‬ﺗﻘﻊ ﺍﻟﻜﺤﻮﻟﻴﺎﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺉﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺤﺘﻮﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻤﻴﺎﺕ ﻛﺒﻴﺮﺓ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎءﺍﻟﻤﺬﺍﺏ ﻭﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺉﻴﺔ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﻭﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺨﻔﻀﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻧﻔﺲ ﺍﻟﻔﺉﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻧﻈﺮﺍًﻷﻥ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﻮﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺨﻀﻊ ﻟﻈﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻗﻞ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺻﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﻴﺮﺓ ﺑﺤﻴﺚ‬
‫ﺗﺘﺴﺮﺏﺍﻟﺸﺤﻨﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻤﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺿﺢ ﺃﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺸﺤﻨﺔ ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻤﺜﻞ ﺗﻮﺍﺯﻧﺎً ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﻌﺪﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬
‫ﻭﻣﻌﺪﻝﺍﻟﺘﺴﺮﺏ‪ .‬ﻳﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﻣﻌﺪﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻌﺪﻝ ﺣﺮﻛﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺉﻞ‪.‬‬

‫ﻓﻲﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻻﺕ‪ ،‬ﺗﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺪﻓﻖ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﻧﺒﻮﺏ ﻣﻬﻤﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻭﺟﻬﺔ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻛﻦ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﺘﻀﻤﻦﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺿﺦ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺖ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺷﺤﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻻﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﻴﻢ ﺑﻴﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺖﻭﻋﻨﺼﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺷﺢ ﻳﻨﺘﺞ ﻋﻨﻪ ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕﺍﻟﻄﺒﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺸﺮ ‪NFPA‬‬

‫ﺷﺮﻛﺔﺃﺑﺎﺩﻏﻮﺳﺘﺎﺭ ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺴﺎﺕ ﺇﻳﺮﺍﻧﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﻭﺩﺓ‬ ‫‪www.atapars.com‬‬

‫‪www.atapars.com/NFPA-code/‬‬
 ‫ﻭﻓﻲﻛﻠﺘﺎ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﺘﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻭﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺑﻌﺪ ﻣﻐﺎﺩﺭﺓ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻲ‪ ،‬ﺇﻟﻰ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﺃﻗﻞ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻻﺿﻄﺮﺍﺏ‪،‬ﻓﺈﻥ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﺸﺤﻨﺔ ﺳﻮﻑ ﺗﺘﺴﺮﺏ ﺃﻭ "ﺗﺴﺘﺮﺧﻲ"‪ .‬ﺃﺻﺒﺢ "ﻭﻗﺖ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺮﺧﺎء" ﺃﺣﺪ ﺍﻻﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬
‫ﻓﻲﻛﺜﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻻﺕ‪.‬‬

‫ﺏ‪3.‬ﺧﻄﺮ ﺍﻻﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ‪.‬‬
‫ﺇﻥﺗﻄﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺸﺤﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺉﻴﺔ ﻻ ﻳﺸﻜﻞ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺪ ﺫﺍﺗﻪ ﺧﻄﺮ ﺍﻟﺤﺮﻳﻖ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻻﻧﻔﺠﺎﺭ‪ .‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ‬
‫ﻭﺳﻴﻠﺔﻟﺘﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺃﻭ ﺗﺨﺰﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﺤﻨﺔ ﻭﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﻣﺎ )ﻓﺠﻮﺓ ﺷﺮﺍﺭﺓ( ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺇﻃﻼﻕ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺰﻧﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﻜﻞ‬
‫ﺷﺮﺍﺭﺓﻓﻲ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺧﻠﻴﻂ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ‪ .‬ﻭﻻ ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﺧﻄﺮ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﻏﻴﺎﺏ ﺃﻱ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺛﺔ –‬
‫ﻭﺳﺎﺉﻞﺍﻟﺘﻮﻟﻴﺪ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﻓﺠﻮﺓ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺍﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻴﻂ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ‪ .‬ﻭﻳﺘﺮﺗﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺑﻄﺒﻴﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻝ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻻ‬
‫ﺣﺎﺟﺔﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﺗﺨﺎﺫ ﺃﻱ ﺍﺣﺘﻴﺎﻃﺎﺕ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺃﻥ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺛﺔ ﻏﺎﺉﺐ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻧﻪ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻟﻢ ﻳﻜﻦ‬
‫ﺫﻟﻚﻣﻀﻤﻮﻧﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﺠﺐ ﺗﻮﺟﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺍﺑﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺤﻴﺔ ﻧﺤﻮ ﺇﻟﻐﺎء ﺃﺣﺪ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕ‪.‬‬

‫ﺏ‪4.‬ﺃﻣﺜﻠﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﻴﻤﺎﻳﻠﻲ ﺃﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻘﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺑﻂ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺄﺭﻳﺾ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ‪:‬‬
‫)‪ (1‬ﻓﻲ ﺗﻌﺒﺉﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻬﺮﻳﺞ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻓﺘﺤﺔ ﻋﻠﻮﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺭﺑﻂ ﺳﻠﻚ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺧﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺉﻊ ﻭﺳﺎﻕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﺉﺔ)ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ‪(.9.2.12‬ﺳﻴﺤﺎﻓﻆ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ ﻭﺃﻧﺒﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﺉﺔ ﺑﻨﻔﺲ ﺍﻹﻣﻜﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺉﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲﻳﻤﻨﻊ ﺣﺪﻭﺙ ﺷﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﻳﺸﺘﺒﻪ ﺑﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺧﻠﻴﻂ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ]ﺍﻧﻈﺮ‬
‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎءﺍﺕﻓﻲ ﺏ‪ .[(2)4.‬ﻭﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻛﻴﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻄﺔ ﻻ ﺗﻤﻨﻊ ﺗﺮﺍﻛﻢ ﺍﻟﺸﺤﻨﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺳﻄﺢﺍﻟﺴﺎﺉﻞ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻀﺮﻭﺭﻱ ﺍﺗﺨﺎﺫ ﺍﺣﺘﻴﺎﻃﺎﺕ ﺇﺿﺎﻓﻴﺔ)ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻢ ﺏ‪.(5.‬‬

‫)‪ (2‬ﻻ ﻳﻠﺰﻡ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻴﺎﻁ )ﺳﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﺮﺑﻂ( ﻓﻲ ﻇﻞ ﺍﻟﻈﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﺘﻢ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻛﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺪﻡ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺧﻠﻴﻂ‬
‫ﻗﺎﺑﻞﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ‪ .‬ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻗﻒ ﻫﻮ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻛﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻬﺮﻳﺠﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺣﺼﺮﻳﺎًﻟﻨﻘﻞ ﺳﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﻔﺉﺘﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ)ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ‪ .(9.2.12.2‬ﻧﻈﺮﺍً ﻷﻥ ﺳﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﻔﺉﺘﻴﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔﻭﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ ﻻ ﺗﻨﺘﺞ ﻣﺨﺎﻟﻴﻂ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ ﻓﻲ ﺩﺭﺟﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺤﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻦ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻣﺎ‬
‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦﺇﺷﻌﺎﻟﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻨﻘﻞ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺉﻞ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔﺣﺼﺮﻳﺎﺃﻧﻪ ﻣﻬﻢ‪ .‬ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻛﺒﺎﺕﺍﻟﺼﻬﺮﻳﺠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﺪﻳﺮﻫﺎ ﺗﺠﺎﺭ ﺯﻳﺖ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﻮﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻨﺪﺭﺝ ﺑﺤﻜﻢ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺿﻤﻦ‬
‫ﻫﺬﻩﺍﻟﻔﺉﺔ‪ .‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻀﻤﻴﻦ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎء "ﺣﻴﺚ ﻻ ﺗﺘﻢ ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ ﺳﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺉﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ" ﻟﻠﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﺉﺔﻏﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺼﻮﺩﺓ ﺑﺴﺎﺉﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺉﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ ﻭﻟﻠﺘﻌﺮﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺮﻏﺒﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻣﻤﺎﺭﺳﺎﺕ ﺭﺑﻂ‬
‫ﻣﻮﺣﺪﺓﻓﻲ ﻣﺤﻄﺔ ﻣﻨﺎﻭﻟﺔ ﺳﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺟﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ ﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺳﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺟﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ‪.‬‬

‫)‪ (3‬ﻻ ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﺳﻠﻚ ﺭﺑﻂ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻱ)ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ‪(9.2.12.1‬ﺃﺛﻨﺎء ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﺃﻭ ﺗﻔﺮﻳﻎ ﺍﻷﺳﻔﻠﺖ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺖ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻡ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱﻳﺤﺘﻮﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﺴﺐ ﻛﺒﻴﺮﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺎﻳﺎ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻡ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺮﻭﻓﺔ ﺑﻤﻘﺎﻭﻣﺎﺗﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺨﻔﻀﺔ‪.‬ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﻮﺕ ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻋﺮﺿﺔ ﻟﺘﺮﺍﻛﻢ ﺷﺤﻨﺎﺕ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ ﺧﻄﻴﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺉﻞ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺃﻧﻬﺎﻻ ﺗﻨﺘﺞ ﺷﺤﻨﺎﺕ ﺧﻄﻴﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻭﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻷﻥ ﻣﻮﺻﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺉﻞ ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺑﻤﺎ ﻳﻜﻔﻲ ﻟﻠﺴﻤﺎﺡ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺤﻴﻴﺪﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﻊ ﻷﻱ ﺷﺤﻨﺎﺕ ﻣﻨﻔﺼﻠﺔ ﺃﺛﻨﺎء ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻞ‪.‬‬

‫)‪ (4‬ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺣﺎﺟﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻣﻤﺎﺭﺳﺎﺕ ﻭﻗﺎﺉﻴﺔ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ‪ ،‬ﺑﻐﺾ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻌﻪ‪،‬‬
‫ﺣﻴﺚﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﻔﻴﺰﻳﺎﺉﻲ ﺑﺤﻴﺚ ﻻ ﺗﻮﺟﺪ ﻓﺮﺻﺔ ﻟﺤﺪﻭﺙ ﺷﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﻓﻲ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺧﻠﻴﻂ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ‬
‫ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ‪.‬ﺗﺴﺮﺩ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺮﺓ ‪ 9.2.13‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﻗﻒ‪.‬‬

‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕﺍﻟﻄﺒﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺸﺮ ‪NFPA‬‬

‫ﺷﺮﻛﺔﺃﺑﺎﺩﻏﻮﺳﺘﺎﺭ ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺴﺎﺕ ﺇﻳﺮﺍﻧﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﻭﺩﺓ‬ ‫‪www.atapars.com‬‬

‫‪www.atapars.com/NFPA-code/‬‬
 ‫ﻓﻴﻤﺎﻳﻠﻲ ﺃﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﺇﺿﺎﻓﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫)ﺃ( ﺗﻌﺒﺉﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻓﻮﻫﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﺉﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺩﺍﺉﻤﺎً ﺑﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﺉﺔ‪ .‬ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﻩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻻﺕ‪،‬ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻔﻮﻫﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ ﻟﻬﻤﺎ ﻧﻔﺲ ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺪ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺉﻲ ﺑﺴﺒﺐ ﺗﻼﻣﺴﻬﻤﺎ‪ .‬ﻋﻼﻭﺓ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰﺫﻟﻚ‪ ،‬ﻻ ﺗﻮﺟﺪ ﻓﺠﻮﺓ ﺷﺮﺍﺭﺓ‪.‬‬
‫)ﺏ( ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺮﻳﻎ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻭﺻﻼﺕ ﻣﺤﻜﻤﺔ‪ .‬ﻗﺒﻞ ﺇﺟﺮﺍء ﺍﻻﺗﺼﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﻻ ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﺗﺪﻓﻖ ﻭﻻ‬
‫ﺗﻮﺟﺪﺁﻟﻴﺔ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﺃﺛﻨﺎء ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻞ‪ ،‬ﻗﺪ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﺗﻴﻜﻲ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﻓﻖ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻻ‬
‫ﻳﻮﺟﺪﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﻟﺤﺪﻭﺙ ﺷﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﻓﻲ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺧﻠﻴﻂ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ‪ .‬ﻳﻨﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﻓﻖ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻧﻘﻄﺎﻉ‬
‫ﺍﻻﺗﺼﺎﻝ‪،‬ﻭﻻ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻓﺮﻕ ﺟﻬﺪ ﻹﺣﺪﺍﺙ ﺷﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﻷﻥ ﺍﻟﺠﺰءﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺏ‬
‫ﻓﺼﻠﻬﻤﺎﻣﺘﻼﻣﺴﺎﻥ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﻔﺲ ﺍﻹﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻟﺤﻈﺔ ﺍﻻﻧﻔﺼﺎﻝ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﺤﺸﻮ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﻠﻲ ﻫﻮ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬
‫ﺧﺎﺻﺔﻣﻦ ﺍﻻﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﻐﻠﻖ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ﺣﺎﺟﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺭﺑﻂ‪.‬‬

‫ﺏ‪5.‬ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺪﻳﻞ‪.‬‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰﺍﻟﻤﺪﻯﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺪﻳﻞ )ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺃ‪(9.1.10.‬ﺗﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﻪ ﻟﻮﺻﻒ ﻣﻮﻗﻒ ﻳﺘﻄﻠﺐ ﺍﻫﺘﻤﺎﻣﺎً ﺧﺎﺻﺎً‪.‬‬

‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎﻳﺘﻢ ﺇﻓﺮﺍﻍ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻤﻮﻟﺔ ﺳﺎﺉﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺟﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ‪ ،‬ﻳﺘﺒﻘﻰ ﺧﻠﻴﻂ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﻬﻮﺍء‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬
‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎً ﻣﺎ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﺿﻤﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﻄﺎﻕ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ‪ .‬ﻋﻨﺪ ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﻣﻞء ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ ﺑﺴﺎﺉﻞ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺟﺔﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ‪ ،‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻠﺺ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻱ ﺷﺤﻨﺔ ﺗﺼﻞ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻫﻴﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ ﺑﻮﺍﺳﻄﺔ ﺳﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﺮﺑﻂ ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺏ)ﺍﻧﻈﺮ‬
‫‪ .(9.2.12‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻻ ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﺧﻠﻴﻂ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﻣﺴﺘﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺖ ﻷﻥ ﺳﺎﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﻔﺉﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰﻳﻨﺘﺞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﻄﺤﻪ ﺧﻠﻴﻄﺎً ﻏﻨﻴﺎً ﺟﺪﺍً ﺑﺤﻴﺚ ﻻ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﻻﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ‪ .‬ﻫﺬﺍ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺉﻊ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻛﺒﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﻬﺮﻳﺠﻴﺔﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻌﻤﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻨﺰﻳﻦ‪ .‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﺗﺮﺍﻛﻤﺖ ﺷﺤﻨﺔ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻄﺢ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺤﺪﺙ ﺃﺣﻴﺎﻧﺎً‪ ،‬ﺑﺪﺭﺟﺔ ﻛﺎﻓﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻹﻧﺘﺎﺝﺷﺮﺍﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻧﻬﺎ ﺗﺤﺪﺙ ﻓﻲ ﺟﻮ ﻏﻨﻲ ﺟﺪﺍً ﻭﻏﻴﺮ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﻻ ﺗﺴﺒﺐ ﺃﻱ ﺿﺮﺭ‪.‬‬

‫ﻳﻨﺸﺄﻣﻮﻗﻒ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺉﻞ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩﺍًﺗﻢ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺪﻳﻞﺃﻱ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﺳﺎﺉﻞ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺟﺔﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻔﺉﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺔ ﺻﻬﺮﻳﺠﻴﺔ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺗﺤﺘﻮﻱ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﺎﺉﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺟﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ‪.‬ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﺳﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﻔﺉﺔ ‪ II‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻔﺉﺔ ‪ III‬ﺑﺎﻟﻀﺮﻭﺭﺓ ﻣﻮﻟﺪﺍﺕ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﻔﺉﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻢ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻠﻬﺎ ﻣﺴﺒﻘﺎً‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﺍﻟﻐﻼﻑ ﺍﻟﺠﻮﻱ ﺍﻟﻤﻼﻣﺲ ﻟﺴﻄﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻂ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺗﻔﻊ ﻻ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺇﺛﺮﺍﺅﻩ‬
‫ﻹﺧﺮﺍﺟﻪﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﻄﺎﻕ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ‪ .‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﻈﺮﻭﻑ ﺗﺆﺩﻱ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺣﺪﻭﺙ ﺷﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﺇﻣﺎ ﻋﺒﺮ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺖ ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﻣﻦﺳﻄﺢ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺖ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺟﺴﻢ ﺁﺧﺮ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻧﻬﺎ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺧﻠﻴﻂ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﻄﺎﻕ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﻳﻤﻜﻦﺃﻥ ﻳﺤﺪﺙ ﺍﻧﻔﺠﺎﺭ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﻢﺍﻟﺘﺄﻛﻴﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺭﺑﻂ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ ﺑﺴﺎﻕ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﺉﺔ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻛﺎﻓﻴﺎً؛ ﻓﻘﺪ ﺣﺪﺛﺖ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﻴﺔ ﺍﻻﻧﻔﺠﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺠﻠﺔ‬
‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﻌُﺘﻘﺪ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ ﻗﺪ ﺗﻢ ﺭﺑﻄﻪ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻛﺎﻑ‪ ٍ.‬ﺇﻥ ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺪ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﻭﺳﺘﺎﺗﻴﻜﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺆﻭﻝ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺍﺭﺓ‬
‫ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺉﻞ ﻭﻻ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺇﺯﺍﻟﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﺑﻂ‪ .‬ﺗﺸﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺍﺑﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﻣﻴﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺗﻘﻠﻴﻞ‬
‫ﻓﺮﺻﺔﺣﺪﻭﺙ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻻﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻛﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻲ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‪:‬‬

‫)‪ (1‬ﺗﺠﻨﺐ ﻣﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺍﺭﺓ‪ .‬ﺗﺰﻳﺪ ﺍﻷﺟﺴﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺻﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻄﻔﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺖ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺮﺻﺔ ﺣﺪﻭﺙ‬
‫ﺷﺮﺍﺭﺓﻓﻲ ﺟﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ‪ .‬ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﻟﻘﻀﺒﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺪﻧﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻏﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺷﻴﺎء ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺒﺮﺯ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺨﻠﻖ ﻓﺠﻮﺓ ﺷﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻳﻘﺘﺮﺏ ﻣﺴﺘﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺗﻔﻊ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﺳﻘﺎﻁ‪ .‬ﺃﺣﺪ‬
‫ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻴﺎﻃﺎﺕﺍﻟﺸﺎﺉﻌﺔ ﻫﻮ ﺍﺷﺘﺮﺍﻁ ﻭﺻﻮﻝ ﺃﻧﺎﺑﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﺉﺔ )ﻣﺎﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺮﻳﻒ( ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻗﺮﺏ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻣﻤﻜﻦﻣﻦ ﻗﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ‪ .‬ﺃﻱ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺃﺧﺬ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﻗﻴﺎﺱ ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺱ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱﻳﺘﻀﻤﻦ ﺧﻔﺾ ﺟﺴﻢ ﻣﻮﺻﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ‬

‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕﺍﻟﻄﺒﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺸﺮ ‪NFPA‬‬

‫ﺷﺮﻛﺔﺃﺑﺎﺩﻏﻮﺳﺘﺎﺭ ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺴﺎﺕ ﺇﻳﺮﺍﻧﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﻭﺩﺓ‬ ‫‪www.atapars.com‬‬

‫‪www.atapars.com/NFPA-code/‬‬
 ‫ﻳﺠﺐﺗﺄﺟﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭ ﺑﺎﻟﺰﻳﺖ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺩﻗﻴﻘﺔ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻗﻞ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺗﻮﻗﻒ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﻓﻖ‪.‬‬
‫ﻳﺆﺩﻱﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﻡ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﺡ ﻷﻱ ﺷﺤﻨﺔ ﺳﻄﺤﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﻻﺳﺘﺮﺧﺎء‪.‬‬
‫)‪ (2‬ﺗﻘﻠﻴﻞ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻛﻨﺔ ﺑﻮﺍﺣﺪ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‪:‬‬
‫)ﺃ( ﺗﺠﻨﺐ ﻣﻞء ﺭﺫﺍﺫ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺖ ﻭﺭﺷﻪ ﻷﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﺤﺸﻮ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﻠﻲ‪.‬‬
‫)ﺏ( ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻣﻌﺪﻻﺕ ﺗﻌﺒﺉﺔ ﻣﻨﺨﻔﻀﺔ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺑﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻞء ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻣﺎﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺮﻳﻒ‪ ،‬ﺣﺘﻰ ﻳﺘﻢ‬
‫ﻏﻤﺮﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻮﻫﺔ‪ .‬ﻳﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺾ ﺃﻥ ‪ 3‬ﻗﺪﻡ ‪ /‬ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺔ )‪ 0.9‬ﻡ ‪ /‬ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺔ( ﺇﺟﺮﺍء ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﺯﻱ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ‪.‬‬

‫)ﺝ( ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺷﺤﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻗﻢ ﺑﺘﻮﻓﻴﺮ ﻭﻗﺖ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺧﺎء ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﻧﺎﺑﻴﺐ ﺃﺳﻔﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺷﺤﺎﺕ‪.‬‬
‫ﻳﻌﺘﺒﺮﺍﻟﺒﻌﺾ ﺃﻥ ﻭﻗﺖ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺮﺧﺎء ﻟﻤﺪﺓ ‪ 30‬ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻫﻮ ﺇﺟﺮﺍء ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﺯﻱ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ‪.‬‬

‫)‪ (3‬ﻗﻢ ﺑﺈﺯﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻴﻂ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﺮ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﺯ ﺃﻭ ﺧﻤﻮﻟﻪ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺍﻷﺣﻤﺎﻝ‪.‬‬

‫ﺃ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺤﻖﺝ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﺟﻊ ﺍﻹﻋﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺝ‪1.‬ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺸﻮﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺟﻌﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﺘﻢﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻨﺪﺍﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺃﺟﺰﺍء ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﺭﺟﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺤﻖ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺍﻷﻗﺴﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺗﻴﺔ ﻟﻬﺬﺍ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻴﺎﺭﻭﻻ ﺗﺸﻜﻞ ﺟﺰءﺍً ﻣﻦ ﻣﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﻴﻘﺔ ﻣﺎ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺇﺩﺭﺍﺟﻬﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ ‪ 2‬ﻷﺳﺒﺎﺏ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ‪.‬‬

‫ﺝ‪1.1.‬ﻣﻨﺸﻮﺭﺍﺕ ‪.NFPA‬ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﻃﻨﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺤﺮﺍﺉﻖ‪ 1 ،‬ﺑﺎﺗﻴﺮﻳﻤﺎﺭﺵ ﺑﺎﺭﻙ‪ ،‬ﻛﻮﻳﻨﺴﻲ‪،‬‬

‫‪.MA021697471‬‬
‫‪NFPA30،‬ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﻻﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ‪ ،‬ﻃﺒﻌﺔ ‪.2003‬‬
‫‪NFPA77,‬ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺎﺭﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺻﻰ ﺑﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻛﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﻃﺒﻌﺔ ‪.2007‬‬
‫‪.‬ﻣﻨﺸﻮﺭﺍﺕﺃﺧﺮﻯ ‪C.1.2‬‬
‫‪ )API(.‬ﻣﻨﺸﻮﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﺟﻬﺔ ﺑﺮﻣﺠﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎﺕ ‪C.1.2.1‬ﻣﻌﻬﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﺘﺮﻭﻝ ﺍﻷﻣﺮﻳﻜﻲ‪ 1220 ،‬ﺷﺎﺭﻉ ﺇﻝ‪ ،‬ﺷﻤﺎﻝ ﻏﺮﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺷﻨﻄﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺻﻤﺔ‪.20005‬‬

‫ﺃﺑﻲ‪,2000‬ﺻﻬﺎﺭﻳﺞ ﺗﺨﺰﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﻬﻮﺍء ﻭﺍﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺨﻔﺾ‪ :‬ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺒﺮﺩﺓ ﻭﻣﺒﺮﺩﺓ‪ ،‬ﻃﺒﻌﺔ ‪.1998‬‬

‫‪ ASTM.‬ﻣﻨﺸﻮﺭﺍﺕ ‪Harbour Drive، PO Box C700، West Conshohocken، PA 194282959.C.1.2.2‬‬

‫‪ASTM International، 100 Barr‬‬

‫ﺃﺳﺘﻢﺩ ‪،86‬ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻟﻼﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﻟﺘﻘﻄﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺘﺮﻭﻟﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻃﺒﻌﺔ ‪.1999‬‬

‫ﺃﺳﺘﻢﺩ ‪،92‬ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻟﻨﻘﺎﻁ ﺍﻟﻔﻼﺵ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ ﺑﻮﺍﺳﻄﺔ ﻛﺄﺱ ﻛﻠﻴﻔﻼﻧﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺘﻮﺡ‪.1990 ،‬‬

‫ﺃﺳﺘﻢﺩ ‪،4206‬ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺤﺮﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻤﺮ ﻟﻠﻤﺨﺎﻟﻴﻂ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺉﻠﺔ ﺑﻮﺍﺳﻄﺔ ﺟﻬﺎﺯ ﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ‬
‫‪) Setaflash‬ﺍﻟﻜﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺘﻮﺡ(‪ ،‬ﻃﺒﻌﺔ ‪.1989‬‬
‫ﺃﺳﺘﻢﺩ ‪،4207‬ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺤﺮﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻤﺮ ﻟﻠﻤﺨﺎﻟﻴﻂ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺉﻠﺔ ﻣﻨﺨﻔﻀﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﺰﻭﺟﺔ‬
‫ﺑﻮﺍﺳﻄﺔﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﻴﻞ‪ ،‬ﻃﺒﻌﺔ ‪.1991‬‬
‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕﺍﻟﻄﺒﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺸﺮ ‪NFPA‬‬

‫ﺷﺮﻛﺔﺃﺑﺎﺩﻏﻮﺳﺘﺎﺭ ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺴﺎﺕ ﺇﻳﺮﺍﻧﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﻭﺩﺓ‬ ‫‪www.atapars.com‬‬

‫‪www.atapars.com/NFPA-code/‬‬
 ‫ﺃﺳﺘﻢﻩ ‪،502‬ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻻﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻣﻌﺎﻳﻴﺮ ‪ ASTM‬ﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻻﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻤﻮﺍﺩﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺉﻴﺔ ﺑﻄﺮﻕ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﻐﻠﻖ‪.1984،‬‬
‫ﺩﻟﻴﻞ‪ ASTM‬ﺑﺸﺄﻥ ﻣﻌﺎﻳﻴﺮ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﻣﻴﺾ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﻬﺎ‪.1992 ،‬‬
‫‪.‬ﻣﻨﺸﻮﺭﺍﺕﺍﻟﺤﻜﻮﻣﺔ ﺍﻷﻣﺮﻳﻜﻴﺔ ‪C.1.2.3‬ﻣﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﻜﻮﻣﻲ ﺍﻷﻣﺮﻳﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺷﻨﻄﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺻﻤﺔ‬
‫‪.20402‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﺍﻥ‪ ،49‬ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺍﺉﺢ ﺍﻟﻔﻴﺪﺭﺍﻟﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺠﺰء ‪ ،173‬ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺤﻖ ﺡ‪" ،‬ﻟﻮﺍﺉﺢ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﺮﺓ"‪ ،‬ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ‬
‫ﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺪﺍﻡ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ‪ ،49‬ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺍﺉﺢ ﺍﻟﻔﻴﺪﺭﺍﻟﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺠﺰء ‪.1974 ،178.345‬‬

‫ﺝ‪2.‬ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﺟﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺗﻴﺔ‪) .‬ﻣﺤﺠﻮﺯ(‬

‫ﺝ‪3.‬ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺘﻄﻔﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﻗﺴﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺗﻴﺔ‪) .‬ﻣﺤﺠﻮﺯ(‬

‫ﻓﻬِﺮﺱِ‬

‫ﺃ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺿﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺟﻤﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺤﻮﺍﺩﺙ ‪5.3.8...........................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺪﻳﻼﺕﻭﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺑﻌﺪ ‪5.5.2........................... ...........‬‬
‫ﺳﺒﺎﺉﻚﺍﻷﻟﻮﻣﻨﻴﻮﻡ ‪ ،(1)2 .5.3..............................................‬ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻭﻝ ‪)5.3.3.1‬ﺃ(‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻭﻝ ‪)5.3.3.1‬ﺏ(‪،‬‬
‫‪5.3.5.2،5.3.3.3‬‬
‫ﺣﺼﺮﻩ ‪5.3.6....... .................................................‬ﺗﻤﺖ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﻓﻘﺔ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ )‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ( ‪ ،3.2.1.. ...........................................‬ﺃ‪ 3.2.1.‬ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺤﻘﺎﺕ‪،‬‬
‫ﻣﻠﺤﻖ ‪5.3.8.1...........................‬ﺇﻟﻰ ‪ 5.3.8.5‬ﺧﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻷﺳﻔﻠﺖ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻛﺒﺎﺕ ‪........................................‬ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ ‪ 9.2.5 ,6 .‬ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺪﺍﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻋﺪﺓ ‪...........................................‬ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ‪8 .‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻟﺪﺍﺕﻭﺍﻟﻤﺤﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺉﻴﺔ ‪8.2 ...............‬‬
‫ﻣﺤﺮﻛﺎﺕﺍﻻﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻲ ‪8.1 ...........................‬‬

‫ﺏ‬
‫ﺣﻮﺍﺟﺰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺰﻳﺰﺍﻟﻤﺤﻴﻄﻲ ‪5.3.7.3 ، 5.3.7.1...........................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ ‪3.3.1............................... ...........................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺎﺻﻞ ‪5.3.5.1.............. ..............................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺩ ‪,5.3.2.............. ...........................................‬ﺃ‪5.3.2.‬‬
‫ﺳﻤﻚ ‪5.3.3........................... ................................‬‬
‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔﺍﻟﻐﻠﻴﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﻋﻨﺪ ‪ 9.1.6...........................‬ﺃﻭ ﺃﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺉﻞ‬
‫ﻋﻨﺪ ‪5.1............‬ﺃﻭ ﺃﻋﻠﻰ‪ A.5.1.6 ,5.2 ,6 .‬ﻧﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺉﻞ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻷﺳﻔﻞ ‪A.5.3.2, A.5.3.13.4 ,5.3,5.1.7..................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺑﻂ ‪ ،9.2.13،9.2.12........ .................................................. .‬ﺃ‪9.2.12.3.‬‬
‫ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺎﺕﺍﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﻠﻲ ‪ 9.2.7......... ..........................‬ﺇﻟﻰ ‪ 9.2.11‬ﺍﻟﺤﻮﺍﺟﺰ‬

‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕﺍﻟﻄﺒﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺸﺮ ‪NFPA‬‬

‫ﺷﺮﻛﺔﺃﺑﺎﺩﻏﻮﺳﺘﺎﺭ ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺴﺎﺕ ﺇﻳﺮﺍﻧﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﻭﺩﺓ‬ ‫‪www.atapars.com‬‬

‫‪www.atapars.com/NFPA-code/‬‬
 ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺰﻳﺰﺍﻟﻤﺤﻴﻄﻲ ‪5.3.7.4 ، 5.3.7.1....................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ ‪3.3.2.............................. ...........................‬ﺍﻻﺧﺘﻼﻁ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻻﻧﻔﺼﺎﻝﻟﻤﻨﻊ ‪9.1.9 ،9.1.8 ،5.6... ...........‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺎﺻﻞ ‪5.3.5.1.................... ..........................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺩ ‪A.5.3.2,5.3.2........................... ..........................‬‬
‫ﺳﻤﻚ ‪5.3.3.................................. .............‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺪﺍﺕ‪،‬ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻔﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺻﻬﺎﺭﻳﺞ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺉﻊ ‪5.3.8.6...........................‬‬
‫ﺃﻧﺎﺑﻴﺐﺍﻟﺸﻌﻼﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻌﻼﺕ‪ ،‬ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺎﺕ ﺻﻬﺎﺭﻳﺞ ﺍﻷﺳﻔﻠﺖ ‪6.4.‬‬

‫ﺝ‬
‫ﺻﻬﺎﺭﻳﺞﺍﻟﺸﺤﻦ )ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ( ‪3.3.3..............................‬‬
‫ﺩﺭﺟﺎﺕﺣﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﻮﻟﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺤﺪ ﺍﻷﻗﺼﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻤﻮﺡ ﺑﻪ ‪،5.1.5.4 ،5.1.5.3.........‬‬
‫‪9.1.4‬ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺰﻳﺰ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻴﻄﻲ ‪5.3.7... .......................‬‬
‫ﺍﻹﻏﻼﻕ‬
‫‪5.3.11،5.3.9.1‬‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺒﺉﺔﺃﻭ ﻏﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺘﻴﺶ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺘﻴﺶ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺎﺕ ‪..............................................‬ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞﻭﻣﺪﺧﻞ ﺍﻟﻬﻮﺍء ‪5.3.10.6.........‬‬
‫ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ‪5.5.1.4........................... ................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺉﻞﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ‬
‫ﺗﺼﻨﻴﻒ ‪4.2.2..........................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ ‪ ,4.3.3................................................. ..‬ﺃ‪3.3.4.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺮﻳﻒﻗﺒﻞ ﺗﻐﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺉﻞ ‪ ,9.1.10 ...............‬ﺃ‪9.1.10.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞﻭﺍﻟﺘﻔﺮﻳﻎ ‪ 9.2.5 ................................ ......‬ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ ﻋﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺉﻞﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ ‪5.6... ...........................‬‬
‫ﻣﻘﺼﻮﺭﺍﺕ‬
‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ‪3.3.5.. .................................................‬ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬
‫ﻟﻤﻨﻊﺍﻻﺧﺘﻼﻁ ‪ 9.1.8 ,5.6...............‬ﻣﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺻﻔﺎﺕ ‪5.1.9....... ...................‬‬
‫ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ‪5.5.1.1................ ...........................................‬‬
‫ﺗﻮﺍﻓﻖﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺉﻞ‬
‫ﻣﻊﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺧﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺉﻊ ‪ ،9.1.7 ،5.1.8...........................‬ﺃ‪5.1.8.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺮﻳﻒ‪/‬ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻈﻴﻒ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺉﻞ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ‪ ،9.1.10 ،9.1.7.....‬ﺃ‪9.1.10.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞﻟﻤﻨﻊ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﻼﻁ ‪9.1.9 ،5.6...............‬‬
‫ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ‪ ،5.3،5.2.... .................................................‬ﺃ‪ ،5.3.2.‬ﺃ‪5.3.13.4.‬‬
‫ﺧﺮﻃﻮﻡ ‪9.2.6,9.2.3......... ...........................................................‬‬
‫ﻭﺻﻼﺕﺍﻟﺨﺮﺍﻃﻴﻢ ‪5.3.10.3.......... ................................‬‬

‫ﺩ‬
‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻔﺎﺕ ‪...... .................................................‬ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ‪3.‬‬
‫ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ‪............ .................................................‬ﻳﺮﻯﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺃﻧﺎﺑﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺮﻳﻎ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻤﺮﻛﺒﺎﺕﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻧﻴﺔ ‪5.3.10.1. ...........................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﺭﻑ ‪ ،9.1.10 ،6.3،5.3.9.4............. ...........................................‬ﺃ‪9.1.10.‬‬

‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕﺍﻟﻄﺒﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺸﺮ ‪NFPA‬‬

‫ﺷﺮﻛﺔﺃﺑﺎﺩﻏﻮﺳﺘﺎﺭ ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺴﺎﺕ ﺇﻳﺮﺍﻧﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﻭﺩﺓ‬ ‫‪www.atapars.com‬‬

‫‪www.atapars.com/NFPA-code/‬‬
 ‫ﻩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻟﺪﺍﺕﻭﺍﻟﻤﺤﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺉﻴﺔ ‪ 8.2 ............‬ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺮﻳﻎ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻻﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻄﻮﺍﺭﺉ ‪ A.5.4.1.1,5.4......... ...........................‬ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺲ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻻﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻄﻮﺍﺭﺉﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﺽ ﻟﻠﺤﺮﻳﻖ ‪ A.5.3.13.4 ,5.3.13................‬ﻃﻔﺎﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺤﺮﻳﻖ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻤﻮﻟﺔ ‪9.3..............................‬‬

‫‪F‬‬
‫ﻣﻞءﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻹﻏﻼﻕ ﻟـ ‪ 5.3.11 ،5.3.9.1 ..................................‬ﻣﻞء‬
‫ﺍﻷﻧﺒﻮﺏ ‪9.2.6........... .................................................. ..‬ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ‬
‫ﺗﺼﻨﻴﻒ ‪4.2.1..........................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ ‪ ,6.3.3................................................. ..‬ﺃ‪3.3.6.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺮﻳﻒﻗﺒﻞ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺉﻞ ‪ ,9.1.10..............‬ﺃ‪ 9.1.10.‬ﺿﻮﺍﺑﻂ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺮﻳﻎﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﺍﺭﺉ ‪ ,5.4.1.1......... ...........‬ﺃ‪5.4.1.1.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞﻭﺍﻟﺘﻔﺮﻳﻎ ‪ 9.2.3.. .............................‬ﺇﻟﻰ ‪ 9.2.6‬ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬
‫ﻋﻦﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ ‪5.6.....................‬‬
‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔﺍﻟﻮﻣﻴﺾ ‪ ،9.1.10....... ................................................‬ﺃ‪9.1.10.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺉﻞﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ ‪4.2.2..............................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ ‪ ،3.3.7............................................ ...........‬ﺃ‪7. 3.3.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺉﻞﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ ‪ 1.2.4 ..........................................‬ﺧﺰﺍﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻘﻄﻮﺭﺓﺍﻟﻜﺎﻣﻠﺔ )ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ( ‪ 3.3.10.1..............................‬ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺲ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻞ‬
‫ﻟﻼﻧﺼﻬﺎﺭ ‪5.3.13.3.................................. ...............‬‬

‫ﺯ‬
‫ﻣﻮﻟﺪﺍﺕﻛﻬﺮﺑﺎﺉﻴﺔ ‪8.2 ..........................................‬‬
‫ﺣﺮﺍﺱ ‪5.3.10.1,5.3.9.2........... ...........................................‬‬

‫ﺡ‬
‫ﺭﺅﺳﺎء‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺤﻘﺎﺕ‪،‬ﺇﺭﻓﺎﻕ ‪ 5.3.8.1....................‬ﺇﻟﻰ ‪ 5.3.8.5‬ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺰﻳﺰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻴﻄﻲ ‪5.3.7.1... .................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ ‪3.3.8........... ...........................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺎﺻﻞ ‪5.3.5.1.............. ..............................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺩ ‪,5.3.2.............. ...........................................‬ﺃ‪5.3.2.‬‬
‫ﺳﻤﻚ ‪5.3.3........................... ................................‬‬
‫ﻟﻔﺎﺉﻒﺳﺨﺎﻥ ‪5.3.10.5...... ...........................................‬‬
‫ﺧﺮﻃﻮﻡ ‪9.2.3 ،8.3،5.3.10.3............... ...........................................................‬‬

‫ﺃﻧﺎ‬
‫ﺧﻄﺮﺍﻻﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻛﻨﺔ ‪ ...........................‬ﺏ‪3.‬‬
‫ﺍﻻﺧﺘﻼﻁ ‪..... ...........................................‬ﻳﺮﻯﺗﻮﺍﻓﻖ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺉﻞ‬

‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕﺍﻟﻄﺒﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺸﺮ ‪NFPA‬‬

‫ﺷﺮﻛﺔﺃﺑﺎﺩﻏﻮﺳﺘﺎﺭ ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺴﺎﺕ ﺇﻳﺮﺍﻧﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﻭﺩﺓ‬ ‫‪www.atapars.com‬‬

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 ‫ﻣﺤﺮﻛﺎﺕﺍﻻﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻋﺪﺓ ‪8.1..............‬‬

‫ﺝ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺎﺻﻞ ‪5.3.10.4،5.3.5.............. ..............................................‬‬

‫ﻝ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻤﻰ)ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ( ‪3.2.2 ..........................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻹﺿﺎءﺓ ‪5.7......... ..................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺉﻞ ‪............ ...........................................‬ﺃﻧﻈﺮ ﺃﻳﻀﺎﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺉﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ‬
‫ﺗﺼﻨﻴﻒ ‪..........................................‬ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ ‪4 .‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ ‪3.3.9... ..............................................‬ﺍﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻻﻧﻘﻼﺏ‪،‬ﻭﺗﺼﺮﻳﻒ ‪ 5.3.9.4................‬ﻣﺪﺭﺝ )ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ(‬
‫‪ ,3.2.3............................ ................‬ﺃ‪ 3.2.3.‬ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﻭﺗﻔﺮﻳﻎ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﻬﺎﺭﻳﺞ ‪9.1.5........... ........‬ﺇﻟﻰ ‪9.2 ،9.1.9‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﺮﺍﻃﻴﻢﻭﺍﻷﻧﺎﺑﻴﺐ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻀﻐﻂ ‪5.3.10.3‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺮﻳﻎ ‪................................................‬ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻬﻮﻳﺔ ‪5.3.12.4................................... ..‬‬

‫ﻡ‬
‫ﻏﺮﻑﺍﻟﺘﻔﺘﻴﺶ ‪6.2.2 ،5.3.11 ،5.3.9.1........... ..............................................‬‬
‫ﺷﻬﺎﺩﺓﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻨﻌﺔ ‪7.1.2.... ...........................‬‬
‫ﻭﺿﻊﺍﻟﻌﻼﻣﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﺑﺎﺑﺎﺕ ‪ ...........................................‬ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ‪7 .‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﻌﻼﺕﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺬﻳﺮﻳﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺼﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ‬
‫ﺑـ ‪6.4.5...............‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺻﻔﺎﺕ ﺗﺸﻴﺮ ﺇﻟﻰ ‪ 7.1.4..‬ﻟﻮﺣﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒﺍﻟﻤﻘﺼﻮﺭﺓ ‪ 7.1.3 ,9. 5.1..............‬ﻟﻮﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺬﻳﺮ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺪﻧﻴﺔ ‪ 7.1.5 ،3. 7.1,5.1.5..............................‬ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﺳﻌﺔ‬
‫ﺗﺪﻓﻖ ‪5.3.13.4.1...............‬ﻣﺤﺮﻛﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻛﻬﺮﺑﺎﺉﻴﺔ ‪ 8.2................................ ...............‬ﻣﻨﺼﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺜﺒﻴﺖ ‪5.3.8.4 ،5.3.8.3.................................. ...............‬‬

‫ﻳﺎ‬
‫ﺗﺸﻐﻴﻞﻣﺮﻛﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﺑﺎﺑﺎﺕ ‪ ................................‬ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ‪9 .‬‬
‫ﻃﻔﺎﻳﺎﺕﺍﻟﺤﺮﻳﻖ ‪9.3 ...........................................‬‬
‫ﻇﺮﻭﻑﺍﻟﺘﺸﻐﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ‪ ،9.1...........................‬ﺃ‪ ،9.1.7.‬ﺃ‪9.1.10.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞﻭﺍﻟﺘﻔﺮﻳﻎ ‪...........................‬ﻳﺮﻯﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﻭﺗﻔﺮﻳﻎ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻬﺎﺭﻳﺞ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﺉﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺰﺍﺉﺪﺓ ‪9.2.7 ,9.2.5,5.3.12.4.1........... ...........................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺉﺾ‪،‬ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺎﺕ ﺻﻬﺎﺭﻳﺞ ﺍﻷﺳﻔﻠﺖ ‪6.3............‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔﻣﻦ ﺍﻻﻧﻘﻼﺏ ‪5.3.13.2.2 ،2. 5.3.12.4 ، 5.3.9 ........................................‬‬

‫ﺹ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻧﺎﺑﻴﺐﻭﺍﻷﻧﺎﺑﻴﺐ ‪ ،5.3 ،5.2 ...........................................‬ﺃ‪ ،5.3.2.‬ﺃ‪5.3.13.4.‬‬
‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕﺍﻟﻄﺒﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺸﺮ ‪NFPA‬‬

‫ﺷﺮﻛﺔﺃﺑﺎﺩﻏﻮﺳﺘﺎﺭ ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺴﺎﺕ ﺇﻳﺮﺍﻧﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﻭﺩﺓ‬ ‫‪www.atapars.com‬‬

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 ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺿﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺟﻤﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺤﻮﺍﺩﺙ ‪ 5.3.10 ........................‬ﺗﺼﺮﻳﻒ‬
‫ﺃﻭﺗﻨﻈﻴﻒ ‪ ,9.1.10.............. .................‬ﺃ‪ 9.1.10.‬ﺃﻧﺎﺑﻴﺐ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﺮﻑ ‪6.3.2........................... .........................‬‬
‫ﻣﻞءﺍﻷﻧﺎﺑﻴﺐ ‪9.2.6.... ...........................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞﻟﻤﻨﻊ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﻼﻁ ‪5.6...............‬‬
‫ﻓﺘﺤﺎﺕﺍﻟﺘﻬﻮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺸﻐﻴﻠﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻀﻐﻂ ‪ 5.3.13.2 ،5.3.9.3..............................‬ﺇﻟﻰ‬
‫‪5.3.13.4‬ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻓﺘﺤﺎﺕ ‪5.3.12.4 ،5.3.12.3 ،5.3.12.2. ...........................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻀﺨﺎﺕ ‪9.2.4 ،9.2.3 ،8.3 ،8.1.4................................ ...........................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺽﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻴﺎﺭ ‪1.2................................ .........‬‬

‫ﺭ‬
‫ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻊ ‪...... .................................................‬ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ‪ ،2.‬ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺤﻖ ﺝ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺰﻳﺰ‪،‬ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻲ ‪5.3.7 ..........................‬‬
‫ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓﺍﻹﻏﺎﺛﺔ ‪... ...........................................‬ﻳﺮﻯﺇﺻﻼﺣﺎﺕ ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ ‪ 9.1.12 ،9.1.11،5.5.2.............. ...........................................‬ﺃﺩﻭﺍﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻮﻳﺔﺍﻟﺤﻠﻘﻴﺔ ‪5.3.7.5 ،5.3.7.1 ،(1)5.3.2........................... ...........................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺪﻳﺪ ‪.................................................. ........‬ﻳﺮﻯﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬

‫ﺱ‬
‫ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓﺗﻨﻔﻴﺲ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‪،1.5 .5.5 ,5.3.12.1................................................‬‬
‫‪6.2.2‬ﻧﻄﺎﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻴﺎﺭ ‪ ,1.1.. ..........................................‬ﺃ‪ 1.1.1.‬ﺧﺰﺍﻥ ﻧﺼﻒ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻘﻄﻮﺭﺓ)ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ( ‪3.3.10.2............................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞﻟﻤﻨﻊ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﻼﻁ ‪ 9.1.9 ،9.1.8 ،5.6....................‬ﺻﻔﺎﺉﺢ‬
‫ﺳﻤﻚ ‪5.3.3............................. .............‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢﻓﻲ ﺍﻹﻏﻼﻕ‪ ،‬ﺛﺎﻧﻮﻱ ‪9.2.8 ،9.2.7...........................‬‬
‫ﺃﻏﻠﻖﺍﻟﺼﺒﺎﺑﺎﺕ ‪ ,5.4 ,5.3.12.1.1.. ................................................‬ﺃ‪5.4.1.1.‬‬
‫ﺣﻈﺮﺍﻟﺘﺪﺧﻴﻦ ‪9.2.14....... ..............................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎءﺍﻟﺴﺎﻛﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻴﺎﻃﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻣﺔ ﺿﺪ ‪................‬ﺃ‪ ،9.1.10.‬ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺤﻖ ﺏ؛ﺃﻧﻈﺮ ﺃﻳﻀﺎﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺑﻂ‬
‫ﺍﺗﺠﺎﻩﺍﻟﺸﺤﻦ ‪ ........................................‬ﺏ‪2.2.‬‬
‫ﺃﻣﺜﻠﺔ ‪........................................... .......‬ﺏ‪4.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺠﻴﻞ ‪............................................... ..‬ﺏ‪2.1.‬‬
‫ﺧﻄﺮﺍﻹﺷﻌﺎﻝ ‪ ...........................................‬ﺏ‪3.‬‬
‫ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞﺍﻟﻤﻔﺘﺎﺡ ‪ ...........................................‬ﺏ‪5.‬‬
‫ﻓﻮُﻻﺫَ ‪ ،(2)5.3.2............... .................................................‬ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻭﻝ ‪)5.3.3.1‬ﺃ(‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻭﻝ ‪)5.3.3.1‬ﺏ(‪،‬‬
‫‪5.3.5.4،5.3.5.3‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔﺍﻟﻬﻴﻜﻠﻴﺔ ‪5.3.4 ...........................................‬‬
‫ﻳﺪﻋﻢ ‪5.3.6....... .................................................. .‬ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺪﻳﻞ ‪........... ..........................................‬ﺏ‪5.‬؛ﺃ‪9.1.10.‬‬

‫ﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﺑﺎﺑﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺧﺰﺍﻥﻣﻘﻄﻮﺭﺓ ﻛﺎﻣﻠﺔ )ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ( ‪3.3.10.1...........................‬‬
‫ﺧﺰﺍﻥﻧﺼﻒ ﻣﻘﻄﻮﺭﺓ )ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ( ‪3.3.10.2......... .............‬‬
‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕﺍﻟﻨﺸﺮ ‪NFPA‬‬

‫ﺷﺮﻛﺔﺃﺑﺎﺩﻏﻮﺳﺘﺎﺭ ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺴﺎﺕ ﺇﻳﺮﺍﻧﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﻭﺩﺓ‬ ‫‪www.atapars.com‬‬

‫‪www.atapars.com/NFPA-code/‬‬
 ‫ﺷﺎﺣﻨﺔﺻﻬﺮﻳﺠﻴﺔ )ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ( ‪3.3.11 .....................................‬‬
‫ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺔﺻﻬﺮﻳﺠﻴﺔ )ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ( ‪ 3.3.12..................................‬ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ‬
‫ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺔﺍﻟﺨﺰﺍﻥ ‪ ................................ ..........‬ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ‪5 .‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺮﻳﻎ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﺍﺭﺉ ‪A.5.4.1.1 ,5.4...............‬‬
‫ﺍﻹﺿﺎءﺓ ‪5.7.................................. ...........................‬‬
‫ﺍﻷﻧﺎﺑﻴﺐﻭﺍﻟﻮﺻﻼﺕ ‪ A.5.3.2، A.5.3.13.4 ،5.3 ،5.2...........................‬ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬
‫ﻟﻤﻨﻊﺍﻻﺧﺘﻼﻁ ‪5.6...............‬‬
‫ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ‪5.5......... ...........................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕﻭﺻﻬﺎﺭﻳﺞ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺉﻊ ‪5.5........... ..............................‬‬

‫ﺵ‬
‫ﺧﺰﺍﻧﺎﺕﺗﺤﺖ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﻢ ﺇﻟﻰ ‪9.2.6...........................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻣﺲ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺼﻤﺎﻣﺎﺕ ‪5.3.10.6............... ...........................................................‬ﺿﻐﻂ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭ )‬

‫ﺃﻧﻈﺮﺃﻳﻀﺎﻓﺘﺤﺎﺕ ﻭﺗﻨﻔﻴﺲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ( ‪ ،13.3.3 ...........................‬ﺃ‪3.3.13.‬؛ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭ ‪ 9.2.9 ،6.1. 9.2..............................................‬ﺇﻟﻰ ‪ 9.2.11‬ﻓﺘﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﻮﻳﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻬﻮﻳﺔ‬
‫ﺻﻬﺎﺭﻳﺞﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺉﻊ ﻓﻲ ﺧﺪﻣﺔ ﺍﻷﺳﻔﻠﺖ ‪ 6.2....................‬ﺻﻬﺎﺭﻳﺞ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺉﻊ‬
‫ﻓﻲﻏﻴﺮ ﺧﺪﻣﺔ ﺍﻷﺳﻔﻠﺖ ‪ 5.3.12....‬ﺍﻟﻄﻮﺍﺭﺉ ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺮﺽ‬
‫ﻟﻠﺤﺮﻳﻖ ‪,5.3.13................. .....‬ﺃ‪ 5.3.13.4.‬ﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﻓﻖ ﻭﻭﺿﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻣﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ‪5.3.13.4.... ...................‬‬
‫ﻓﺘﺤﺎﺕﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﻧﺼﻬﺎﺭ ‪ 5.3.13.4.2 ,13.3 .5.3 ..............................................‬ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻬﻮﻳﺔﺍﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻔﺮﻳﻎ ‪ 5.3.12.4..‬ﻓﺘﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﻮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻐﻠﺔ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﻀﻐﻂ ‪ 5.3.13.2 ،9.3.5.3..............................‬ﺇﻟﻰ ‪ 5.3.13.4‬ﻓﺘﺤﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻂ ‪ 5.3.12.4 ،5.3.12.3،5.3.12.2...... ..........................................‬ﻓﺘﺤﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺮﻳﻎ ‪ 5.3.12.4 ،5.3.12.3،5.3.12.2............. ..............................‬ﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺉﻞ‬

‫‪،5.4.1‬ﺃ‪5.4.1.1.‬‬ ‫ﺃﻗﻞﻣﻦ ‪) SUS 45‬ﻭﺣﺪﺍﺕ ﻗﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺳﺎﻳﺒﻮﻟﺖ( ‪) SUS 45 ...........................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺍﺕﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ ‪ (Saybolt‬ﺃﻭ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ‪5.4.2..‬‬

‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕﺍﻟﻄﺒﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺸﺮ ‪NFPA‬‬

‫ﺷﺮﻛﺔﺃﺑﺎﺩﻏﻮﺳﺘﺎﺭ ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺴﺎﺕ ﺇﻳﺮﺍﻧﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﻭﺩﺓ‬ ‫‪www.atapars.com‬‬

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