CPU BUISNESS AND TECHNOLOGY COLLEGE

GENERAL CHEMISTRY INDIVIDUAL ASSIGNMENT

Name ID

2, ANTENEH BEZA RCS/1991/12 ADD

RCS/14 SECTION 1

Question 1
Traditional Balancing Equations Method
The first step that needs to be followed while balancing chemical equations is to obtain the
complete unbalanced chemical equation.

The Algebraic Balancing Equations Method.

This balancing method of chemical equations includes assigning algebraic variables as
stoichiometric coefficients to every species in the unbalanced chemical equation. And, these
variables are used in mathematical equations and solved to obtain the values of each
stoichiometric coefficient.
Question 2
molecular equation is an equation in which the formulas of the compounds are written as
though all substances exist as molecules. 
example
Na2CO3(aq)+2HCl(aq)→2NaCl(aq)+CO2(g)+H2O(l)
 ionic equation, an equation in which dissolved ionic compounds are shown as free ions.
example
2Na+(aq)+CO2−3(aq)+2H+(aq)+2Cl−(aq)→2Na+(aq)+2Cl−(aq)+CO2(g)+H2O(l)

Question 3
Bronsted-Lowry Acid
The Bronsted-Lowry acid is a substance which donates a proton or H+ ion to the other
compound.
Bronsted-Lowry Base
The Bronsted-Lowry base is a substance which accepts a proton or H+ ion from other
compounds.
Lewis Acid
According to Lewis, an acid is the one that can accept an electron from the base. The reason for
this acceptation is that they have an empty orbital.
Lewis base
On the other hand, a Lewis base is considered to be an orbital that is filled and therefore, it can
donate its electrons.
Question 4
Theoretical yield: the maximum possible mass of a product that a chemical reaction can make.
It is calculated using molar ratios.

Actual yield: the mass of a product that a chemical reaction makes in real life. It is usually less
than the theoretical yield, for a number of reasons:

 some of the product may be lost when the products are removed from the reaction
mixture.
 there might be side reactions – unwanted reactions that compete with the desired one.

Percentage yield: a comparison between actual yield and theoretical yield.

Percentage yield = actual yield/theoretical yield *100

Question 5
Stoichiometry - Limiting and Excess Reactant
Introduction to Limiting Reactant and Excess Reactant
The limiting reactant or limiting reagent is the first reactant to get used up in a chemical
reaction.
Once the limiting reactant gets used up, the reaction has to stop and cannot continue and there
is extra of the other reactants left over. Those are called the excess reactants.
Question 6
What is a Strong Acid
Strong acids are molecules that completely dissociate into their ions when it is in water. In
other words, acids release H+ ions into the solution by their complete ionization

What is a Weak Acid

Weak acids are molecules that partially dissociate into ions in aqueous solutions. Weak acids do
not release all the H+ ions to the solution.