HIGH SCHOOL

Module 35
Applying the Principles of Conservation of mass to
chemical reactions 1 Hour
HIGH SCHOOL
Module 36
APPLY COMPUTATIONS TO THE
PRINCIPLES OF CONSERVATION OF MASS IN CHEMICAL
REACTIONS

Gain Attention

Inform Learners of objectives

At the end of this module, you should be able to:

Cognitive:
1. identify the scientific principle reflected in a balanced chemical
equation
Affective:
2. recognize the importance of chemical reactions in the
human body

Psychomotor:
3. perform simple equations by applying the principles of the law of conservation of
mass
HIGH SCHOOL
Module 36
APPLY COMPUTATIONS TO THE
PRINCIPLES OF CONSERVATION OF MASS IN CHEMICAL
REACTIONS

Stimulate Recall of Prior Learning

Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.
1. Which of the following is TRUE of a balanced equation?
a. The total number of atoms are not the same.
b. The kinds of atoms remain the same.
c. The total number of molecules remains the same.
d. The number of atoms of each element remains the same.
2. In a chemical equation, the number of molecules of a given substance is denoted
by a _______ .
a. subscript c. coefficient
b. superscript d. reaction number
3. The symbol (s) written after a formula in a chemical equation stands for _________
a. soluble b. solid c. solution d. synthesis
4. What number should be introduced before Na to
balance the equation Na + MgCl2 NaCl + Mg?
a. 1 b. 3 c. 2 d. 4
5. Which of the following chemical equations is
balanced?
a. 2Fe + 3O2 ---- Fe2O3 c. 4Fe +3 O2 ---- 2Fe2O3
b. 4Fe + 2O2 ---- Fe2O3 d. 4Fe + 2O2 ----4Fe2O3

Present the content and provide learning

guidance
Chemical Reaction
Antoine Lavoisier’s discovery in 1789 stipulates that mass
is neither created nor destroyed in any chemical reaction.
This was later called the Law of Conservation of Mass. Simply
put, when an element undergoes a chemical change, its
mass at the beginning is equal to its mass at the end of the
reaction. In a closed system, the total mass of all reactants
and products will be the same at any point of the reaction.
Lavoisier’s findings paved the way for modern chemistry.
HIGH SCHOOL
Module 36
APPLY COMPUTATIONS TO THE
PRINCIPLES OF CONSERVATION OF MASS IN CHEMICAL
REACTIONS

Since most elements were formed from fusion reactions

in stars and supernovae, naturally occurring elements are
very stable given the conditions on the surface of the Earth.
Therefore, every single atom that makes up living and
nonliving things is old and has a history. For example, an
atom of carbon may have spent 20 million years buried as
coal before being dug up and burned at a power plant.
Two decades pass and the same atom has been in the
Earth’s atmosphere before it was dissolved in the ocean. A
copepod may have consumed an algal cell that took up
the said carbon atom before it was respired, and it entered
the Earth’s atmosphere again.

Importance of Chemical Reaction in Human Body

Every single breathing moment, our bodies are doing one
of two things: storing energy from the food we eat and/or
spending that energy on daily activities. This is only possible
because the body undergoes chemical reactions which
changes one set of chemicals to another. The food we eat is
transformed into energy that we can use. Another series of
reactions enable us to spend that energy on growing, building
cells, and exercising, among others. The human body is made
primarily of six chemical elements, namely oxygen, calcium,
carbon, phosphorus, and hydrogen. These in turn form the
major types of molecules in the body: nucleic acid,
carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids, which are all important in
carrying out essential life processes.
HIGH SCHOOL
Module 36
APPLY COMPUTATIONS TO THE
PRINCIPLES OF CONSERVATION OF MASS IN CHEMICAL
REACTIONS

The reactants in this reaction are methane and oxygen gas. The products are
carbon dioxide and water. A balanced equation conforms to the Law of Conservation
of Mass. Let us check if the number of atoms of each kind on the left side of the
reaction is equal to the number of atoms of each kind on the right side of the
equation. There is 1 atom of carbon on the left side and 1 atom of carbon on the
right side. There are 4 atoms of hydrogen on the left side. On the right side, there are
2 atoms of hydrogen that is multiplied by the coefficient 2 found on the left side of
H2O. On the left side of the equation, there are 2 atoms of oxygen multiplied by the
coefficient 2 found on the left side of O2. On the right side, there are two atoms of
oxygen in CO2 and 1 atom of oxygen in H2O multiplied by the coefficient 2 found on
the left side of H2O.
Another application of the Law of Conservation of Mass in chemical reactions
is to predict the mass of the products when the mass of the reactants is known. If
the Law of Conservation of Mass holds, the total mass of reactants must be equal to
the total mass of the products.
Therefore,

Total mass reacted = Total mass produced

Going back to our first example, if 46.0 g of methane
reacts with 96.0 g of oxygen to produce 54.0 g water, how
much carbon dioxide is produced?

CH4(g) + 2O2(g) CO2(g) + 2H2O(g)

46.0 g + 96.0 g = carbon dioxide + 54.0 g
142.0 g – 54.0 g = 88.0 g carbon dioxide
HIGH SCHOOL
Module 36
APPLY COMPUTATIONS TO THE
PRINCIPLES OF CONSERVATION OF MASS IN CHEMICAL
REACTIONS
Elicit Performance
PROBLEM 1:
In the reaction shown below,
2Al(l) + 3BaO(s) Al2O3(s) + 3Ba
65.0 g of aluminum reacted with 35.0 g of barium oxide to produce aluminum oxide
and barium. If 84.0 g of aluminum oxide is produced, how much barium is produced?
PROBLEM 2:
A compound is composed of 23.0 g sodium and 35.0 g chlorine. If 105.0 g of
chlorine is available for reaction, what mass of sodium is needed to complete the
salt reaction?

Synthesis
Here are the module’s key ideas:
● Antoine Lavoisier’s discovery in 1789 stipulates that mass is neither created nor
destroyed in any chemical reaction.
● Every single breathing moment, our bodies are doing one of two things: storing
energy from the food we eat and/or spending that energy on daily activities. This
is only possible because the body undergoes chemical reactions.

Assess performance
Directions: Choose the letter of your answer and write it in your notebook.

1. In balancing a chemical equation, which of the following are you allowed to do?
a. change subscripts c. change superscripts
b. write coefficients d. add new substances

2. What scientific principle is reflected in a balanced chemical equation?

a. The law of multiple proportions
b. The law of conservation of atoms
c. The law of conservation of mass
d. The law of definite proportions
HIGH SCHOOL
Module 36
APPLY COMPUTATIONS TO THE
PRINCIPLES OF CONSERVATION OF MASS IN CHEMICAL
REACTIONS
3. In a chemical equation, the number of atoms of a given substance is indicated by
a ________ _.
a. subscript c. superscript
b. coefficient d. reaction number

4. How much oxygen should be added to 58 g carbon to give 136 g carbon dioxide
assuming complete combustion of carbon?
a. 67g b. 55g c. 78g d. 194g

5. Nine (9) grams of hydrogen reacts with some oxygen to make 75 grams of water.
Figure out how much oxygen must have been used by applying the law of
conservation of mass?
a. 84g b. 66g c. 28g d. 38g

4. The word equation “magnesium reacts with chlorine to produce magnesium

chloride” is represented by which of the following equations?
a. Mg Cl2 + MgCl2 c. MgCl2 + Mg Cl2
b. MgCl2 Mg + Cl2 d. Mg + Cl2 MgCl2

5. In a chemical reaction, what is the relationship between the total mass of the
reactants and the total mass of the products?
a. They must be equal.
b. The mass of the products must be greater.
c. The mass of the reactants must be greater.
d. There is no general relationship between the two.

Bibliography
Department of Education, Bureau of Secondary Education. Project EASE Integrated
Science 1, Module 12. Inside the Earth.

Department of Education, Bureau of Secondary Education (2013). Science - Grade 8

Learner’s Module. Vibal Publishing House, Inc.

Punongbayan, R. et al. (1998). The Philippine Archipelago Volume 1. Tarbuck, E.J. et

al. (2009). Earth Science 12th ed.

Department of Education Learners Manual Science for Grade 10. First Edition. 2015.
HIGH SCHOOL
Module 36
APPLY COMPUTATIONS TO THE
PRINCIPLES OF CONSERVATION OF MASS IN CHEMICAL
REACTIONS
HIGH SCHOOL
Module 36
APPLY COMPUTATIONS TO THE
PRINCIPLES OF CONSERVATION OF MASS IN CHEMICAL
REACTIONS
HIGH SCHOOL
Module 36
APPLY COMPUTATIONS TO THE
PRINCIPLES OF CONSERVATION OF MASS IN CHEMICAL
REACTIONS