Barroga, Josh Martin F.

PHYS101L/B9

PHYS101L
REPORT NO. 5

NAME (LAST, FIRST): Barroga, Josh Martin F.

SUBJECT & SECTION: PHYS101L/B9
SUBMISSION DATE: MARCH 14, 2023
Barroga, Josh Martin F.
PHYS101L/B9

REPORT 5

PART 1 - EXPERIMENT 109 - RESISTORS IN SERIES AND PARALLEL

ANALYSIS

In this experiment, the researchers were tasked to analyze the movement of

electrons in simple electric circuit. A circuit is where electrons or electric currents are

flowing in order to create electricity. In a simple electric circuit, there needs to be three

parts for it to be called a circuit: a source of voltage or the battery, electrical wires to serve

as a path for the electrons, and an object to monitor the electric flow, in this case, a resistor.

A simple circuit may have parallel or series connections between their circuit

elements, and in each element, they can be considered a resistance to the current flow of

electron in the circuit. Knowing the resistance of a series or parallel circuit is critical when

calculating the voltage and current inside a circuit. In a parallel circuit, it may have two

voltage nodes, whereas the series circuit has only one channel between its parts.

TABLE 1. RESISTORS IN SERIES

R1=10.0 Ω R2=15.0 Ω RT =25.0 Ω
Percentage
Experimental Computed
Difference
Voltage Across
( V ) 27.0V (V T ¿ 27.0 V 0%
Battery
Voltage Across R1 (V 1 ¿10.8 V (V 1 ¿10.8 V 0%
Voltage Across R2 (V 2 ¿16.2 V (V 2 ¿16.2 V 0%
Current Flowing
( I 1 ¿ 1.08 A
through R1
Current Flowing
(I 2)1.08 A
through R2
Total Current (I )1.08 A ( I T ¿ 1.08 A 0%
Computed Values:
VT
I T= =1.08 A
RT
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PHYS101L/B9

V 1=I T R1=10.8 V
V 2=I T R2=16.2 V

TABLE 2. RESISTORS IN PARALLEL

R1=10.0 Ω R2=15.0 Ω RT =25.0 Ω
Percentage
Experimental Computed
Difference
Voltage Across
Battery
( V ) 27.00 V ( V T ) 27.0V 0%
Voltage Across R1 (V 1 ¿ 27.00 V
Voltage Across R2 (V 2 ¿−27.00 V
Current Flowing
( I 1 ¿ 2.70 A ( I 1 ¿ 2.70 A 0%
through R1
Current Flowing
( I 2 ¿ 1.80 A ( I 2 ¿ 1.80 A 0%
through R2
Total Current (I) 4.50 A ( I T ¿ 4.50 A 0%
Computed Values:
VT
I T= =1.08 A
RT
VT
I 1= =2.70 A
R1
VT
I 2= =1.80 A
R2

CALCULATIONS OF EXPERIMENT 109

Table 1.1. Finding the Percentage Difference Voltages and Currents in Parallel
Given Formula :%Difference=
CV|
CV −EV
|
∗100 %

Voltage Across Battery %Difference= |27.0V −27.0 V

27.0 V |
∗100 %=0 %

Voltage Across R1 %Difference= |10.8V −10.8 V

10.8 V |
∗100 %=0 %

Voltage Across R2 %Difference= |16.2V −16.2V

16.2 V |
∗100 %=0 %

Total Current %Difference= |1.08 A−1.08 A

1.08 A |
∗100 %=0 %
Barroga, Josh Martin F.
PHYS101L/B9

Table 2.1. Finding the Percentage Difference Voltages and Currents in Parallel
Given Formula :%Difference= |
CV −EV
CV |
∗100 %

Voltage Across Battery %Difference= |

27.0V −27.0 V
27.0 V |
∗100 %=0 %

Current Flowing through

R1
%Difference= |
2.70 A−2.70 A
2.70 A |
∗100 %=0 %

Current Flowing through

R2
%Difference= |
1.80 A−1.80 A
1.80 A |
∗100 %=0 %

Total Current %Difference= |

4.50 A−4.50 A
4.50 A |
∗100 %=0 %

DOCUMENTATION OF THE EXPERIMENT

Figure 1.1: Parallel Circuit Figure 1.2: Series Circuit

DISCUSSION OF EXPERIMENT 109

Figure 1.2 shows a series circuit that it conducting 27V and has 2 resistors that have

the values of 10Ω and 15Ω. Since the it was stated that the current in a series circuit is

equal in each resistor, we find the total resistance and the total voltage with the usage of

Ohm’s Law, as seen in Table 1.

For figure 1.1, it shows a parallel circuit that is conducting 27V and with 2 resistors

having values of 10Ω and 15Ω, just like figure 1.2. Since it was stated that the voltage in a
Barroga, Josh Martin F.
PHYS101L/B9

parallel circuit is equal through each resistor, we find the total resistance and the current

through each resistor with Ohm Law, as seen in Table 2.

PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS

PART 2 -EXPERIMENT 110 – KIRCHHOFF’S LAWS

ANALYSIS

In this experiment, the students were tasked to use Kirchhoff’s Laws for the computation of

the current and voltage of the direct current circuit. Kirchhoff’s law contains the Junction Law,

which is the algebraic sum of currents through any junction is equivalent to zero; and Loop Law,

which states that any loop the sum of potential drops and voltages from sources is equivalent to

zero.

This experiment aims to using Kirchhoff’s Laws to measure the current flowing in a series

circuit, the voltage across resistors in a parallel circuit, and the current and voltage in a DC circuit.

However, due to the limits of the measuring equipment, the measurements of the voltage and

current in a circuit may come out as assumed. Inaccuracies of calculations is due to the resistors’

resistance not matching up with its rated value.

TABLE 1. KIRCHHOFF’S LAWS

Percentage
Experimental Computed
Difference
I1 2.52 A 2.52 A 0%
I2 1.44 A 1.44 A 0%
I3 1.08 A 1.08 A 0%
Power Supply 1 Voltage (V 1) 27.0 V
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Power Supply 2 Voltage (V 2) 9.00 V

Resistance 1 ( R1) 5.00 Ω
Resistance 2 ( R2) 10.0 Ω
Resistance 3 ( R3 ) 5.00 Ω

CALCULATIONS OF EXPERIMENT 110

Table 1.1. Finding the Computed Value of the Currents

Currents
I1 I 1=I 2 + I 3=1.44 A+ 1.08 A=2.52 A
I R + V ( 1.08 A∗5.00 Ω )+ 9.00 V
I2 I 2= 3 3 2 = =1.44 A
R2 10.0 A
I3 I 3=1.08 A

Table 1.2 Finding the Current of I 3

Equation Definition
27 V −I 1 R 1−I 2 R2=0 Left Loop
27 V + R1 I 2 + R1 I 3 −I 2 R2=0 Substituting the I1
−9 V + I 2 R2 −I 3 R3=0 Right Loop
27 V −15 Ω∗I 2−5 Ω∗I 3=0 Substituting the Values to the Left Loop
−9 V +10 Ω∗I 2−5 Ω∗I 3=0 Substituting the Values to the Right Loop
27 V −25 Ω∗I 3=0 Multiplied by Two and Three Accordingly and Added
Together
27 V
I 3= =1.08 A Derive to I3
25 Ω

DOCUMENTATION OF EXPERIMENT 110

Figure 1.3: Multi-loop circuit

Barroga, Josh Martin F.
PHYS101L/B9

DISCUSSION OF EXPERIMENT 110

Figure 1.3 shows a multi-loop circuit with 2 sources of energy

PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS