Activity 3 Anatomy and Physiology of The Kidney

ST.
ALEXIUS COLLEGE
Gen. San. Drive, City of Koronadal, South Cotabato, Philippines 09506, Tel.: (083) 228-2019, Fax: (083) 228-4015, Email: st.alexiuscollege@yahoo.com
ACTIVITY 3
ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF THE KIDNEY
I. INTRODUCTION
The Renal System is a system which is composed of two kidneys, two ureters, one
bladder and one urethra. As the components of the renal system the kidneys have the following
functions: Regulation of water and electrolyte (such as chloride, potassium, calcium, hydrogen,
magnesium, and phosphate ions) balances. - Regulation of acid – base balance of the blood;
Regulation of body fluid osmolality and electrolyte concentrations; Regulation of arterial
pressure; Excretion of metabolic waste products and foreign chemicals; Secretion of hormones
such as renin and gluconeogenesis.
The kidneys are two bean shaped organs located under the lowermost part of the ribs in
the posterior abdominal cavity. Each human kidney weighs 150 gms and measures 1x2x3 inches
(thickness, width, and length). A coronal section of the kidney shows an outer reddish granular
layer called renal medulla. In the renal medulla the triangular and wedge shaped structure is
called renal pyramids. The tips of the pyramids found on the renal papillae at which urine is
drained into cavities is called Renal Calyces. Renal Calyces drain urine into renal pelvis, then to
ureter, which in turn drain to bladder and then through the urethra is voided out.
II. OBJECTIVES
At the end of the activity, the students shall be able to:

1. discuss the mechanism of urine formation,
2. explain the methods of urine collection,
3. discuss the importance of proper specimen collection in urinalysis, and
4. answer correctly the research questions.
III. MATERIALS
Charts Pen
Textbook Coloring materials
IV. PROCEDURE
1. Identify the different parts of the kidney that are involved in the urine formation.
2. Explain the mechanism of urine formation.
3. Discuss the procedure of proper specimen collection for urinalysis.
Clinical Microscopy Laboratory Manual 17

Compiled by: Carl Jethro G. Dellosa, RMT & Janine Teza S. Villena, RMT, MSMT
ST. ALEXIUS COLLEGE
ACTIVITY 3
Performance Assessment Sheet
Name:___________________________________________ Date:______________________
PROCEDURE RATING COMMENTS

You must:
1. Identify the different parts of the kidney that are involved
in the urine formation.
2. Explain the mechanism of urine formation.
3. Discuss the procedure of proper specimen collection for
urinalysis.
Rating: 4 = Excellent 3 = Very Satisfactory 2 = Satisfactory 1 = Poor 0 = Not Done
Level of Competency:
Instructor: Date Evaluated:
Student:

ST. ALEXIUS COLLEGE
ACTIVITY 3
Report Sheet
Name: _______________________________________ Date: _________________

Score: ________________
ILLUSTRATION:
1. Draw and label the urinary system.

ST. ALEXIUS COLLEGE
2. Draw, label, and discuss the process of urine formation.
Discussion:
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__________________________________________________________________________________

ST. ALEXIUS COLLEGE
REVIEW QUESTIONS:
1. Give all the normal and abnormal constituents of urine.
Normal Abnormal
2. Elaborate all the factors affecting the composition of urine.
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________

ST. ALEXIUS COLLEGE
2. Discuss the significance of renal threshold?
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
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ST.

At the end of the activity, the students shall be able to:

Clinical Microscopy Laboratory Manual 17

PROCEDURE RATING COMMENTS

Rating: 4 = Excellent 3 = Very Satisfactory 2 = Satisfactory 1 = Poor 0 = Not Done

Instructor: Date Evaluated:

Clinical Microscopy Laboratory Manual 18

Name: _______________________ Date: _

1. Draw and label the urinary system.

Clinical Microscopy Laboratory Manual 19

2. Draw, label, and discuss the process of urine formation.

Clinical Microscopy Laboratory Manual 20

1. Give all the normal and abnormal constituents of urine.

2. Elaborate all the factors affecting the composition of urine.

Clinical Microscopy Laboratory Manual 21

2. Discuss the significance of renal threshold?

Clinical Microscopy Laboratory Manual 22

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