Extreme weather events are occurrences of severe or unusual weather

conditions that deviate significantly from the long-term average or

historical norms for a given location. These events can have devastating
and far-reaching impacts on communities, ecosystems, and economies.
While extreme weather events have always occurred naturally, there is
growing evidence that human-induced climate change is making them
more frequent and intense in some regions. Here are some common types
of extreme weather events and their impacts:

1. Heatwaves:
 Heatwaves are prolonged periods of excessively high
temperatures, often accompanied by high humidity.
 Impacts: Heatwaves can lead to heat-related illnesses and
deaths, strain energy resources, damage crops, and exacerbate
drought conditions.
2. Droughts:
 Droughts are extended periods of significantly below-average
precipitation, resulting in water shortages.
 Impacts: Droughts can lead to water scarcity for drinking,
agriculture, and industry, causing crop failures, reduced food
production, and economic losses.
3. Floods:
 Floods occur when an area receives an excessive amount of
rainfall or snowmelt in a short time, leading to the overflow of
rivers, lakes, or coastal areas.
 Impacts: Flooding can result in property damage, displacement
of communities, water contamination, and loss of life.
4. Hurricanes/Cyclones/Typhoons:
 These are powerful tropical storms with strong winds and heavy
rainfall. They are known by different names in different regions.
 Impacts: Hurricanes can cause widespread destruction,
including damage to infrastructure, flooding, and loss of life.
5. Tornadoes:
 Tornadoes are violently rotating columns of air extending from
thunderstorms to the ground.
 Impacts: Tornadoes can cause catastrophic damage to
structures, uproot trees, and pose a significant threat to life and
safety.
 6. Wildfires:
 Wildfires are uncontrolled fires that spread quickly through
vegetation.
 Impacts: Wildfires can destroy forests, homes, and
infrastructure, result in air quality deterioration due to smoke,
and cause loss of life.
7. Blizzards:
 Blizzards are severe winter storms characterized by strong
winds, low temperatures, and heavy snowfall.
 Impacts: Blizzards can lead to transportation disruptions, power
outages, and hazardous travel conditions.
8. Extreme Rainfall Events:
 Intense rainfall events can lead to flash flooding, especially in
urban areas with poor drainage.
 Impacts: Flash floods can damage property, disrupt
transportation, and pose risks to public safety.
9. Hailstorms:
 Hailstorms produce large hailstones and can damage crops,
vehicles, and buildings.
 Impacts: Hailstorms can result in significant economic losses in
agriculture and property damage.
10.Tropical Storm Surges:
 These are abnormal rises in sea level associated with tropical
storms or hurricanes, which can lead to coastal flooding.
 Impacts: Storm surges can inundate coastal areas, causing
widespread damage and posing threats to human life.

It's important to note that climate change is contributing to the increased

frequency and severity of some of these extreme weather events. Rising
global temperatures, changes in atmospheric circulation, and altered
precipitation patterns can all influence the likelihood and intensity of
extreme weather events. Mitigation and adaptation strategies are essential
to address the growing risks associated with extreme weather in a changing
climate. These strategies include improved disaster preparedness, resilient
infrastructure, and efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.