Year 9 Science

BODY COORDINATION
WORKBOOK 4
Week 7 Infectious diseases

Read pages 306-7 to answer the following questions

Question 1

Define these words below

Disease:

Infectious disease:

Pathogen:

Quarantine:

Contagious:

Question 2

Explain why bacteria are important and essential for some forms of life.
Penicillin was accidentally discovered by a scientist called Alexander Fleming.
He left a culture plate on a bench and mould grew on the plates, with one
particular mould inhibiting the growth of bacteria. The mould released the
chemical, penicillin, and this killed all the bacteria around it.

Question 3

Using page 307, fill in the blanks of the following paragraph.

Bacterial infections are treated with ________________ - substances that kill or

prevent the growth of bacteria. The first successful antibiotic was
_________________ and this was made from ______________ ________. It was
not commonly used until ________________
_____________ and before the development of antibiotics, you would have to
depend on your own body’s ________________ ______________ to fight off
infections. It is important to take the full course of antibiotics as _____________
__________________ bacteria survive and _______________ when a course is not
finished.
Question 4

Using page 308, fill in the blanks of the following table.

Method of entry Example of disease

Food and water

Breathing in

Tetanus, blood poisoning

Sexual contact

Anthrax, leprosy

Question 5

The body has three lines of defence, with all three lines designed to protect your
body. The first line of defence is a physical barrier, the second line is a non-specific
defence and the third line of defence is specific.

Using the page 308-09 of your textbook and the internet, research how the three
lines of defence work and what parts of the body/cells they use to protect the body.

First line of defence:

Second line of defence:

Third line of defence:

Question 6

Vaccines have saved millions of lives and they are an essential part of developing
immunity to various diseases that are in the living world. Using the internet, explain
how vaccines are safe to receive and how they work.
PRACTICAL

Growing bacteria

Using page 314 of your textbook, read through the procedure.

1. Which place do you think will have the most bacteria and why?

Construct a table below with the classes results, including your observations every
second day.
Questions

1. Describe the appearance of the colonies on your groups plate.

2. Compare the number and types of the colonies found in the different parts of
the school.

3. Why do you think each group recorded different colony numbers?

4. Discuss the idea that one area of the school is more of a health hazard than
another area

Extension

Questions 1-13 on page 313

Enrichment and Revision

Activity book :

Videos : Twig-world videos

 Education Perfect
Homeostasis and Disease > 5. Disease > 1. Introduction to disease
Homeostasis and Disease > 5. Disease > 2. Bacterial disease
Homeostasis and Disease > 6. Immune system > Introduction to the immune system
Homeostasis and Disease > 6. Immune system > The body’s first and second line of defence
Homeostasis and Disease > 6. Immune system > The third line of defence

STEM opportunity
Week 8 Viruses, Parasites, Fungi

Viruses are pathogens that are tiny, about one-hundredth the size of bacteria. It was
only relatively recently, the 1930’s, that viruses were discovered. Viruses are not
living things as they can’t replicate on their own, they need a host to function.

Question 1

Using page 317-18, fill in the blanks of the following paragraph.

A virus ______________ a host cell and uses it to make thousands more

________________
viruses. The ________ _________ is damaged or ______________when it releases
new viruses that spread throughout the body, _______________ other cells.

Viruses cause many common diseases, including _________, _________,

____________,
____________, rubella, polio, ___________________ and cold sores
(_____________).
Over _________ different viruses cause colds and thousands of microscopic
droplets and be released by a person when they _____________ or
______________.
Question 2

Write down 5 ways that you can protect yourself from getting infected from someone
who has a disease.

Question 3

Why do people have to get a different flu vaccine every year?

Question 4

Explain how antiviral drugs work to fight a viral infection.

Question 5

Fill in the blanks below.

Disease Type Symptoms Treatment Method of

spread
Cold Virus

Flu

Chicken
pox
Measles

Malaria

Amoebic
dysentery

Tinea
PRACTICAL

Testing hand sanitisers

Using page 327 of your textbook, read through the procedure.

Hypothesis:

Independent variable:

Dependent variable:

Materials:

Insert a results table below

Conclusion:

Questions

1. Evaluate your procedure. Pick two other groups and evaluate their procedure,
identifying strengths and weaknesses.
 2. Based on your findings, make a recommendation regarding the use of
alcohol-based hand sanitisers. Include advantages and disadvantages and
when and where alcohol-based sanitisers should be used.

Extension questions for fast finishers

Questions 1-9 on page 325

Enrichment and Revision

Activity book :

Videos : Twig-world videos