Multiplexer and Demultiplexer

Multiplexer

Ø A multiplexer is a combinational circuit that has

2n input lines and a single output line. Simply, the
multiplexer is a multi-input and single-output
combinational circuit. The binary information is
received from the input lines and directed to the output
line. On the basis of the values of the selection lines,
one of these data inputs will be connected to the output.

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 2×1 Multiplexer:
Ø In a 2×1 multiplexer, there are only two inputs, i.e., A0 and A1, 1
selection line, i.e., S0, and single outputs, i.e., Y. On the basis of
the combination of inputs that are present at the selection line S0,
one of these 2 inputs will be connected to the output.

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Truth Table And Logical expression
Inputs Outputs

So Y
0 A0
1 A1

Logical expression
Y=S0'.A0+S0.A1

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4x1 Multiplexer with 2 select lines
4x1 Multiplexer basic symbol
4x1 Multiplexer logical diagram
8-1 Multiplexer Circuit
 Multiplexer Application
• Mux for a Boolean function with
truth table as input A B Y
0 0 0
0 1 0
1 0 0
1 1 1
Y = AB
AB
00
01
10
Y
11

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Multiplexer Application: universal set {Mux}
Example 1: Given f (a,b,c) = Sm (0,1,7) + Sd(2), implement
with an 8-input Mux.

En

Id a b c f 1 0
1 1
0 0 0 0 1 0 2
1 0 0 1 1 0 3
2 0 1 0 - 0 4 y
0 5
3 0 1 1 0 0 6
4 1 0 0 0 1 7

5 1 0 1 0 S2 S1 S0
6 1 1 0 0
7 1 1 1 1
a b c

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Problem 1
Q) Implement the Boolean expression F(A, B, C) = ∑ m(2, 3, 6, 7) using a
multiplexer?

Ø There are 3 variables in the given expression, hence 2n = 23 = 8 : 1

multiplexer. So, the mux has 8 input lines, 3 selection lines, and one output.

Ø The inputs, corresponding to the minterms (2, 3, 6, 7) are connected to logic 1

and the remaining terms to logic 0(grounded). The given input variables are
connected as three selection lines.
 Problem 2
Implement F(A, B, C, D) = ∑ m(0, 1, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 15) using 8 : 1 multiplexer?

Ø In the given Boolean expression, there are 4 variables. We should

use 24 : 1 = 16 : 1 multiplexer. But as per the question, it is to be
implemented with 8 : 1 mux.
Ø For 8 : 1 multiplexer, there should be 3 selection lines. So from the
given 4 variables, the 3 least significant variables(B, C, D) are
used as selection line inputs
Problem 3
Implement the function F (A, B, C) = ∑ (1, 2, 6, 7). Using 4x1 mux.
This function can be implemented with a 4-to-1 line MUX. A and B are applied to
the select line, that is A ⇒ S1, B ⇒ S0
Problem 4
Consider the function F(A,B,C,D)=∑(1,3,4,11,12,13,14,15).
This function can be implemented with an 8-to-1 line MUX
A, B, and C are applied to the select inputs as follows: A ⇒ S2, B ⇒ S1, C ⇒ S0

Truth Table

Function Implemented
 Demultiplexer

Ø A De-multiplexer is a combinational circuit that has only 1 input

line and 2N output lines. Simply, the multiplexer is a single-input
and multi-output combinational circuit. The information is
received from the single input lines and directed to the output
line. On the basis of the values of the selection lines, the input
will be connected to one of these outputs.

Ø Unlike the encoder and decoder, there are n selection lines and
2n outputs. So, there is a total of 2n possible combinations of
inputs.
Ø De-multiplexer is also treated as De-mux

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 1×2 Demultiplexer:
Ø In the 1 to 2 De-multiplexer, there are only two outputs, i.e., Y0,
and Y1, 1 selection lines, i.e., S0, and single input, i.e., A. On the
basis of the selection value, the input will be connected to one of
the outputs

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Truth Table And Logical expression
Inputs Outputs
0
So Y1 Y0
0 0 A
1 A 0

Logical expression
Y0=S0'.A
Y1=S0.A

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 De-Multiplexer
ØThe De-Multiplexer is a combinational logic circuit that performs
the reverse operation of multiplexers (Several output lines, one input
line).

ØDe -Multiplexer means one to many. A De-Multiplexer is a circuit

with one input and many outputs. We can steer any input to the output
by applying a control signal. A few types of De -Multiplexer are 1-to-
2, 1-to-4, 1-to-8, and 1-to-16 De -Multiplexer.

ØDe-Multiplexer is the process of taking information from one input

and transmitting the same over one of several outputs.
1x4 Multiplexer with 2 select lines