EXPERIMENT No.

Objectives:
1. To design, test and Implement 2:1 MUX using logic gates.
2. To design , test and implement 2:4 Decoder.

Apparatus Required: Bread Board, ICs- 7404, 7432, 7408,

Theory:

 Multiplexers:

In electronics, a multiplexer (or mux) is a device that selects one of several analogor
digital input signals and forwards the selected input into a single line. A multiplexer of 2n
inputs has n select lines, which are used to select which input lineto send to the output.
A 2n-to-1 multiplexer sends one of 2n input lines to a single output line.
– A multiplexer has two sets of inputs:
• 2n data input lines
• n select lines, to pick one of the 2n data inputs
– The mux output is a single bit, which is one of the 2n data inputs.

 2-to-1 Mux
The simplest multiplexer is a 2-to-1 mux

LOGIC CIRCUIT DIAGRAM AND TRUTH TABLE

Q = S’ D0 + S D1

The select bit S controls which of the data bits D0-D1 is chosen:
– If S=0, then D0 is the output (Q=D0).
– If S=1, then D1 is the output (Q=D1).

Here is a full truth table for this 2-to-1 mux, based on the equation:Q =

S’ D0 + S D1
1
Here is another kind of abbreviated truth table.

 4-to-1 Mux

Here is a block diagram and abbreviated truth table for a 4-to-1 mux.
• Be careful! In Logic Works the multiplexer has an active-low EN input signal.When
EN’ = 1, the mux always outputs 1.

Q = S1’ S0’ D0 + S1’ S0 D1 + S1 S0’ D2 + S1 S0 D3

Implementing functions with multiplexers:

Muxes can be used to implement arbitrary functions. For a function of n variablesfollow

these steps:
3. Select the type of Mux [2n-1-to-1].
4. Select (n-1) as selection line.
5. The other input connects as input.

2
 Decoder: Introduction to 2 to 4 Decoder

A 2 to 4 decoder is a combinational logic circuit that takes two input lines, typically
labeled A and B, and generates four output lines, usually labeled Y0, Y1, Y2, and Y3. The
decoder analyzes the input combination and activates the corresponding output line. Each
output line represents a unique combination of the input lines.

LOGIC CIRCUIT DIAGRAM AND TRUTH TABLE

Procedure:
1. See the data sheet of IC 7404,7408 & IC 7432.
2. Place the IC on the Bread Board.
3. Connect the Vcc to pin -14 & ground to pin -7.
4. Make the connection as shown in figure.
5. Switch on the power supply.
6. After connecting the circuit properly.
7. Observe the output.

Result: Write in your own words, what have you learned from this experiment and what are its real life applications .

Precaution:
1. All the connections should be proper according to the circuit diagram.
Handle the ICs carefully.