‫ﺑﺎب ﻣﺨﺎرج اﻟﺤﺮوف‬

‫اﻫﺪاف اﻟﺪرس ‪-:‬‬

‫ان ﻳﺴﺘﻄﻴﻊ اﻟﻤﺘﺪرب اﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻻﺗﻲ‪:‬‬
‫‪ .١‬ﻣﺎ ﻫﻮ اﻟﻤﺨﺮج‪.‬‬
‫‪.٢‬ﻋﺪد اﻟﻤﺨﺎرج واﻣﺎﻛﻨﻬﺎ‬
‫‪ .٣‬ﺗﺒﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﺨﺮج ﻛﻞ ﺣﺮف‬
 ‫ﻣﺨﺮج اﻟﺤﺮف‪-:‬‬
‫ﻫﻮ ﻣﻜﺎن ﺧﺮوج اﻟﺤﺮف ‪ ،‬وﺗﻮﺟﺪ ﻫﺬه اﻟﻤﺨﺎرج ﻓﻲ ﺛﻼث ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ‬
‫أ‪ .‬اﻟﺤﻠﻖ ‪.‬‬
‫ب‪ .‬اﻟﻠﺴﺎن ‪.‬‬
‫ج‪ .‬اﻟﺸﻔﺘﻴﻦ ‪.‬‬
‫د‪ .‬اﻟﺠﻮف‪.‬‬
‫ه‪ .‬اﻟﺨﺸﻮم‪.‬‬
‫ﺻﻮرة ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺤﻴﺔ ﻻﻣﻜﺎن ﻣﺨﺎرج‬
‫اﻟﺤﺮوف‬
 ‫ﻣﺨﺮج اﻟﺤﻠﻖ ‪-:‬‬
‫ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬا اﻟﻤﺨﺮج ﺛﻼث ﻣﺨﺎرج وﻫﻲ ‪:‬‬
‫‪ .١‬أﻗﺼﻲ اﻟﺤﻠﻖ ‪ :‬اي اﺧﺮه ﻟﺠﻬﺔ اﻟﺼﺪر وﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺮﻓﺎن‬
‫ﻴﻢ"‪.‬‬‫اط ْاﻟ ُﻤ ْﺴﺘَ ِﻘ َ‬ ‫اﻫ ِﺪ َﻧﺎ اﻟﺼ َﺮ َ‬ ‫أ‪ .‬اﻟﻬﺎء )ه( ‪ْ " :‬‬
‫ﻳﻦ َﺧ ِﺴ ُﺮوا ْﻧ ُﻔ َﺴ ُﻬ ْﻢ"‪.‬‬ ‫ب‪ .‬اﻟﻬﻤﺰة )ء( ‪ٰ " :‬‬
‫وﻟَ ِﺌ َﻚ اﻟ ِﺬ َ‬
‫‪.٢‬وﺳﻂ اﻟﺤﻠﻖ ‪ :‬ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺮﻓﺎن‬
‫أ‪ .‬اﻟﻌﻴﻦ )ع(‬
‫ْ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫‪َ ":‬ﻣ َﺜ ُﻞ ْاﻟ َﻔ ِﺮ َ‬
‫ﻴﻊ ۚ "‪.‬‬
‫ﻴﺮ َواﻟﺴ ِﻤ ِ‬ ‫ﻳﻘ ْﻴﻦ ِ ﻛَﺎﻻ ْﻋ َﻤ ٰﻰ َواﻻ َﺻﻢ َو ْاﻟ َﺒ ِﺼ ِ‬
‫ب‪.‬اﻟﺤﺎء )ح( ‪:‬‬
‫ﻚ ِﺑ ْﻋ ُﻴ ِﻨﻨَﺎ َو َو ْﺣ ِﻴﻨَﺎ"‪.‬‬ ‫َﻊ ْاﻟ ُﻔ ْﻠ َ‬
‫اﺻﻨ ِ‬
‫" َو ْ‬
‫‪.٣‬ادﻧﻰ اﻟﺤﻠﻖ ‪:‬اي اﻗﺮﺑﻪ ﻟﺠﻬﺔ اﻟﻔﻢ وﺑﻪ ﺣﺮﻓﺎن‬
‫أ‪ .‬اﻟﻐﻴﻦ )غ( ‪.‬‬
‫"اﻧ ُﻬ ْﻢ ُﻣ ْﻐ َﺮ ُﻗﻮن"‪.‬‬
‫ب‪.‬اﻟﺨﺎء )خ( ‪.‬‬
‫ﻳﻪ َو َﻳ ِﺤﻞ َﻋﻠَ ْﻴ ِﻪ َﻋ َﺬ ٌ‬
‫اب ُﻣ ِﻘ ٌ‬
‫ﻴﻢ"‬ ‫اب ُﻳ ْﺨ ِﺰ ِ‬ ‫ﻴﻪ َﻋ َﺬ ٌ‬ ‫ﻮن َﻣ ْﻦ َﻳ ِﺗ ِ‬ ‫" َﻓ َﺴ ْﻮ َف َﺗ ْﻌﻠَ ُﻤ َ‬
 ‫ﻣﺨﺮج اﻟﻠﺴﺎن ‪-:‬‬

‫ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬا اﻟﻤﺨﺮج ﻋﺸﺮة ﻣﺨﺎرج وﻫﻲ ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .١‬اﻗﺼﻰ اﻟﻠﺴﺎن ‪ :‬اﻗﺮب ﻟﺠﻬﺔ اﻟﺤﻠﻖ وﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺮف اﻟﻘﺎف )ق( ‪.‬‬
‫) ْ‬
‫ﻣﻘﺘﺮﻓﻮن (‬
‫‪.٢‬اﻗﺼﻰ اﻟﻠﺴﺎن ‪ :‬اﻗﺮب ﻟﺠﻬﺔ اﻟﻔﻢ وﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺮف اﻟﻜﺎف)ك(‪.‬‬
‫) ﻣﺴﺘﻜﺒﺮﻳﻦ(‬
‫‪.٣‬وﺳﻂ اﻟﻠﺴﺎن ‪:‬ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺛﻼث اﺣﺮف‬
‫أ‪ .‬اﻟﺠﻴﻢ )ج( ‪:‬‬
‫ى اﻻ َﻋﻠَﻰ ٱ ِ"‬ ‫ﺮ‬
‫ِ َ‬ ‫ﺟ‬‫ْ‬ ‫ن‬
‫ْ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ً‬
‫ﺎﻻ‬ ‫ﻣ‬‫َ‬ ‫ﻪ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ﻴ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﻠ‬‫ﻋ‬‫َ‬ ‫ﻢ‬‫ْ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫ﻜ‬ ‫ُ‬
‫ﻠ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ﺳ‬‫ْ‬ ‫ﻵ‬‫َ‬ ‫" َو ٰ َﻳ َﻘ ْﻮ ِم‬
‫ب‪ .‬اﻟﺸﻴﻦ )ش(‪.‬‬
‫) اﺷﺘﺮى (‬
‫ج‪ .‬اﻟﻴﺎء )ي(‪.‬‬
‫ﻚ"‬ ‫ﻮل اﻧﻲ َﻣﻠَ ٌ‬ ‫ﺐ َو َﻻ ُﻗ ُ‬ ‫" َو َﻻ ْﻋﻠَ ُﻢ ْاﻟ َﻐ ْﻴ َ‬
 ‫‪.٤‬ﻇﻬﺮ اﻟﻠﺴﺎن ﻣﻊ أﺻﻮل اﻟﺜﻨﺎﻳﺎ اﻟﻌﻠﻴﺎ ‪ :‬وﺑﻪ ﺛﻼث اﺣﺮف‬
‫أ‪ .‬اﻟﺘﺎء )ت(‪.‬‬
‫ﻮن"‬‫ﻮا َﻳ ْﻔ َﻌ ُﻠ َ‬‫" َﻓ َﻼ َﺗ ْﺒ َﺘ ِﺌ ْﺲ ِﺑ َﻤﺎ ﻛَﺎ ُﻧ ۟‬
‫ب‪ .‬اﻟﻄﺎء )ط(‪.‬‬
‫ٱﻃ َﻤ ﻧ ۟‬
‫ﻮا ِﺑﻬَ ﺎ"‬ ‫ﺂء َﻧﺎ َو َر ُﺿ ۟‬
‫ﻮا ِﺑ ْﭑﻟ َﺤ َﻴ ٰﻮ ِة ٱﻟﺪ ْﻧ َﻴﺎ َو ْ‬ ‫ﻳﻦ َﻻ َﻳ ْﺮ ُﺟ َ‬
‫ﻮن ِﻟ َﻘ َ‬ ‫"ان ٱﻟ ِﺬ َ‬
‫ج‪.‬اﻟﺪال )د( ‪.‬‬
‫وﺣ َﻰ اﻟَ ٰﻰ ُﻧﻮحٍ ﻧ ُﻪۥ ﻟَﻦ ُﻳ ْﺆ ِﻣ َﻦ ِﻣﻦ َﻗ ْﻮ ِﻣ َﻚ اﻻ َﻣﻦ َﻗﺪْ َء َ‬
‫اﻣ َﻦ"‬ ‫" َو ِ‬
‫‪.٥‬ﻇﻬﺮ اﻟﻠﺴﺎن ﻣﻊ رؤوس اﻟﺜﻨﺎﻳﺎ اﻟﻌﻠﻴﺎ ‪:‬وﺑﻪ ﺛﻼث اﺣﺮف‬
‫أ‪.‬اﻟﺜﺎء )ث( ‪:‬‬
‫) اﺛﻨﻴﻦ (‬
‫ب‪ .‬اﻟﻈﺎء )ظ(‪.‬‬
‫ٱﻓ َﺘ َﺮ ٰى َﻋﻠَﻰ ٱ ِ ﻛ َ ِﺬ ًﺑﺎ ْو ﻛَﺬ َب ِﺑـ ٰ َ‬
‫ﺎﻳ ِﺘ ِﻪ ٓۦ"‬ ‫" َﻓ َﻤ ْﻦ ْﻇﻠَ ُﻢ ِﻣﻤﻦ ِ ْ‬
 ‫ج‪ .‬اﻟﺬال)ذ( ‪.‬‬
‫" َﻣﺎ ِﻣ ْﻦ َﺷ ِﻔﻴﻊٍ اﻻ ِﻣ ْﻦ َﺑ ْﻌ ِﺪ ا ْذ ِﻧ ِﻪ ۚ "‬
‫‪.٦‬ﻃﺮف اﻟﻠﺴﺎن ‪:‬وﺑﻪ ﺣﺮف اﻟﻨﻮن )ن(‪.‬‬
‫ٱﻟﻨﺎس"‬
‫َ‬ ‫ﻠﻨﺎس َﻋ َﺠ ًﺒﺎ ْن ْو َﺣ ْﻴﻨَﺂ اﻟَ ٰﻰ َر ُﺟﻞ ٍ ﻣﻨ ُْﻬ ْﻢ ْن ِ‬
‫ﻧﺬ ِر‬ ‫" ﻛَ َ‬
‫ﺎن ِﻟ ِ‬
‫‪.٧‬ﻃﺮف اﻟﻠﺴﺎن ﻗﺮﻳﺒﺎ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻈﻬﺮ ‪ :‬وﺑﻪ ﺣﺮف اﻟﺮاء )ر( ‪.‬‬
‫ﺎل ْٱرﻛ َ ُﺒ ۟‬
‫ﻮا ِﻓﻴﻬَ ﺎ"‬ ‫" َو َﻗ َ‬
 ‫‪.٨‬رأس اﻟﻠﺴﺎن ﻣﻊ اﺻﻮل اﻟﺜﻨﺎﻳﺎ اﻟﻌﻠﻴﺎ‪ :‬وﺑﻪ ﺛﻼث اﺣﺮف‬
‫أ‪.‬اﻟﺰاي )ز(‬
‫)ازدﻫﺎر (‬
‫ب‪ .‬اﻟﺼﺎد )ص(‬
‫ﻚ ِﺑ ْﻋ ُﻴ ِﻨﻨَﺎ َو َو ْﺣ ِﻴﻨَﺎ"‬‫َﻊ ْاﻟ ُﻔ ْﻠ َ‬
‫اﺻﻨ ِ‬
‫" َو ْ‬
‫ج‪ .‬اﻟﺴﻴﻦ )س(‬
‫ﻮا َﻳ ْﻔ َﻌ ُﻠ َ‬
‫ﻮن"‬ ‫" َﻓ َﻼ َﺗ ْﺒ َﺘ ِﺌ ْﺲ ِﺑ َﻤﺎ ﻛَﺎ ُﻧ ۟‬

‫‪.٩‬ﺣﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﻠﺴﺎن ﻣﻊ اﻟﺘﺼﺎﻗﻪ ﺑﻤﺎ ﻳﺤﺎذﻳﻪ ﻣﻦ اﻻﺿﺮاس اﻟﻌﻠﻴﺎ ‪ :‬وﺑﻪ ﺣﺮف اﻟﻀﺎد‬
‫)ض(‬
‫ﺎت ْٱﻻ ْر ِض‬
‫ﭑﺧ َﺘﻠَ َﻂ ِﺑ ِﻪۦ َﻧ َﺒ ُ‬ ‫ﻧﺰ ْﻟ ٰ َﻨ ُﻪ ِﻣ َﻦ ٱﻟﺴ َﻤ ِ‬
‫ﺂء َﻓ ْ‬ ‫اﻧ َﻤﺎ َﻣ َﺜ ُﻞ ْٱﻟ َﺤ َﻴ ٰﻮ ِة ٱﻟﺪ ْﻧ َﻴﺎ ﻛ َ َﻤ ٍ‬
‫ﺂء َ‬
‫‪.١٠‬ﺣﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﻠﺴﺎن اﻻﻣﺎﻣﻴﺔ ﻣﻊ اﺻﻮل اﻟﺜﻨﺎﻳﺎ اﻟﻌﻠﻴﺎ ‪ :‬وﺑﻪ ﺣﺮف اﻟﻼم)ل(‪.‬‬
‫) ُﻧ ْﻠ ِﺰ ُﻣﻜُ ُﻤﻮ َﻫﺎ َو ﻧﺘُ ْﻢ ﻟَﻬَ ﺎ ٰﻛ َ ِﺮ ُﻫ َ‬
‫ﻮن(‬
 ‫ﻣﺨﺮج اﻟﺸﻔﺘﻴﻦ ‪-:‬‬
‫‪ .١‬ﻣﺎ ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﺸﻔﺘﻴﻦ ﻣﻊ اﻧﻄﺒﺎﻗﻬﺎ‪:‬‬
‫ﻳﻦ َﻇﻠَ ُﻤﻮا ۚ "‬ ‫أ‪.‬ﺣﺮف اﻟﺒﺎء )ب( ‪َ " :‬و َﻻ ُﺗ َﺨ ِ‬
‫ﺎﻃ ْﺒ ِﻨﻲ ِﻓﻲ اﻟ ِﺬ َ‬
‫ﺂء َو ْٱﻟ َﻘ َﻤ َﺮ ُﻧﻮ ًرا‬
‫واﻟﻤﻴﻢ)م( ‪ُ .‬ﻫ َﻮ ٱﻟ ِﺬى َﺟ َﻌ َﻞ ٱﻟﺸ ْﻤ َﺲ ِﺿ َﻴ ً‬
‫ب‪ .‬ﺣﺮف اﻟﻮاو )و( ﻣﻦ دون اﻧﻄﺒﺎق ‪.‬‬
‫ﺖ َﺗﻬْ ِﺪي ْاﻟﻌُ ْﻤ َﻲ َوﻟَ ْﻮ ﻛَﺎ ُﻧﻮا َﻻ ُﻳ ْﺒ ِﺼ ُﺮ َ‬
‫ون‬ ‫َو ِﻣﻨ ُْﻬ ْﻢ َﻣ ْﻦ َﻳﻨ ُْﻈ ُﺮ اﻟَ ْﻴ َﻚ ۚ َﻓ ْﻧ َ‬
‫ﻣﺨﺮج اﻟﺨﻴﺸﻮم ‪-:‬‬
‫ﻫﻮ ﺧﺮق اﻷﻧﻒ اﻟﻤﻨﺠﺬب ﻟﻠﺪاﺧﻞ ﻓﻮق ﺳﻘﻒ اﻟﻔﻢ وﻟﻴﺲ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻨﺨﺮ وﻳﺨﺮج‬
‫ﻣﻨﻪ اﻟﻐﻨﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺠﻮف ‪-:‬‬
‫ﻫﻮ اﻟﺨﻼء اﻟﺪاﺧﻞ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﻠﻖ واﻟﻔﻢ وﻳﺨﺮج ﻣﻨﻪ ﺣﺮوف اﻟﻤﺪ اﻟﺜﻼث‬
‫أ‪.‬اﻟﻮاو اﻟﺴﺎﻛﻨﺔ اﻟﻤﻀﻤﻮم ﻣﺎ ﻗﺒﻠﻬﺎ‬
‫ب‪ .‬اﻟﻴﺎء اﻟﺴﺎﻛﻨﺔ اﻟﻤﻜﺴﻮر ﻣﺎ ﻗﺒﻠﻬﺎ‬
‫ج‪ .‬اﻻﻟﻒ‬