Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
National Capital Region
DIVISION OF CITY SCHOOLS – MANILA
Manila Education Center Arroceros Forest Park
Antonio J. Villegas St. Ermita, Manila

Trends, Networks, and

Critical Thinking in the
21st Century Culture
Understanding Trends and How
They Go Trending

Quarter 1- Week 2
Module 2

Most Essential Learning Competencies:

Identify parts of trend as a whole;
Identify and explain an emerging pattern; and;
Identify causes and consequences.
 HOW TO USE THIS MODULE
Before starting the module, I want you to set aside other tasks that will disturb you
while enjoying the lessons. Read the simple instructions below to successfully enjoy
the objectives of this kit. Have fun!

1. Follow carefully all the contents and instructions indicated in every page of
this module.
2. Write the concepts about the lessons in your notebook. Writing enhances
learning that is important to develop and keep in mind.
3. Perform all the provided activities in the module.
4. Let your facilitator/guardian assess your answers using the answer key card.
5. Analyze conceptually the posttest and apply what you have learned.
6. Enjoy studying!

PARTS OF THE MODULE

 Expectations - These are what you will be able to know after completing the
lessons in the module.
 Pre-test - This will measure your prior knowledge and the concepts to be
mastered throughout the lesson.
 Looking Back to Your Lesson - This section will measure the learnings and
skills you understood from the previous lesson.
 Brief Introduction - This section will give you an overview of the lesson.
 Discussion - This section provides a short explanation of the lesson. This aims
to help you discover and understand new concepts and skills.
 Activities - This is a set of activities you will perform with a partner.
 Remember - This section summarizes the concepts and applications of the
lessons.
 Check Your Understanding - It will verify how you have learned from the
lesson.
 Post-test - This will measure how much you have learned from the entire
module.

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 EXPECTATIONS
You will understand the elements, characteristics, and process of the emerging
pattern of megatrend.

Specifically, this module will help you to

 understand megatrends,
 identify megatrends that are subsumed in the six categories through
identifying its counter trends, and
 elaborate what game changers can innovate to transform the society.
Let us start your journey in learning more on Trends and Fads.
I am sure you are ready and excited to answer the Pretest.
Smile and cheer up!

PRETEST
Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer and write it on a separate sheet of
paper.

1. Which of the following is a long-term process of transformation with a broad

scope and a huge impact? They are also considered powerful factors and
transformative forces in shaping future conditions.
a. fads b. microtrends c. macrotrends d. megatrends

2. The followings are the categories of megatrends that create implication bringing
them both risks and opportunities EXCEPT:
a. Intensity of People’s Impact
b. Advancements in Science and Technology
c. Shifts in Human Densities and Movements
d. Changes in the Earth’s Geology and Ecosystem

3. Which of the following is a phenomenon which is born in small communities with

a clear identity, most often in opposition to the mainstream, and in the long
run, may transform into more mass trends?
a. fads b. microtrends c. macrotrends d. megatrends

4. Which of the following conscious acts from humans direct the course of a
megatrend? They can be people, organizations, or entities that see a new way
to turn the course in favor of growth and development.
a. Innovators b. Game changers c. Government d. Stockholders

5. What are the counter megatrends of climate change today as part of the trend?
a. Advancements in Science and Technology
b. Shifts in Human Densities and Movements
c. Development in the Sociocultural Landscape
d. Changes in the Earth’s Geology and Ecosystem

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 LOOKING BACK TO YOUR LESSON
True or False

On the blank, write True if the statement is correct, and False if not.

1. Fads can sustain trends.

2. Teleserye is an example of a fad.
3. Fads have predictable rise and fall.
4. Friendster is an example of a trend.
5. We innovate lifestyle through trends and fads,
6. Fads fade when the perception of novelty is gone.
7. Trends and fads are crucial in the human evolutionary process.
8. Fads are sustained behavior that turns into lifestyle, mindset ad
values.
9. Humans create fads and trends, and at the same time are influenced
by them.
10. Globalization links people together and open new ways of
communicating and creating new goods and services.

Trends and fads mirror the changing world and our capacity to respond to cultural,
social, political, economic, and geographical changes. Our reaction to trends and
fads allows us to discover talents and develop faculties resulting to the creation and
reproduction of things and behaviors crucial to human existence and way of life.

Today, global connectivity using different forms of social media encourages more
people to make and remake trends and fads regardless of age, ethnicity, gender, and
socioeconomic status across the globe. As a member of this complex world, how will
you challenge yourself to innovate changes in trends to transform your lives?

BRIEF INTRODUCTION
Fads come and go. Trends come and stay. To appreciate the emergence of fads, we
have tackled products and how they come to rise and disappear in the market. While
fads experience a momentary gust of popularity, trends adapt to the environment by
employing various strategies. Because of this, global institutions, governments, and
organizations employ the idea of a megatrend because just seeing a trend is not
enough. It has become essential to see the larger picture, so the society needs to
grasp the ideas of a megatrend and how trends emerge from it.

In this lesson, the concept of Megatrend will be discussed to understand more the
long-term trends in society.

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 DISCUSSIONS

Lesson
Megatrends and Game
1 Changers
Megatrends
It is a large, social, economic, political, environmental or technological change that
is slow to form. Once in place, megatrends influence a wide range of activities,
processes, and perception; both in government and in society, possibly for decades
(Saritas, 2011). They are the underlying forces that drive trends. It is long-term
processes of transformation with a broad scope and a huge impact. They are
considered powerful factors in shaping future conditions (Frost and Sullivan,
2018). Megatrends are powerful transformative forces that could change the global
economy, business and society (Gujit, 2020). It has been changing the way we live
for centuries.

Megatrends differ from trends in three ways

1. Time horizon- It expands over decades.
2. Reach- It has comprehensive impact on all geographic regions and results in
multidimensional transformations of all societal subsystems such as political,
societal, economical, technological, and environmental.
3. Intensity of Impact- Megatrends have a powerful and extensive impact on all
types of actors: government, individuals and organizations.

Categories of Megatrends
Moody, (as cited by Arzadion, Romerosa & Zarate, 2018), sees megatrends as always
in the scale of the global, emerging as “macroeconomic and geostrategic forces that
are shaping our world and our collective futures in profound ways”. These forces
create implications that are far-ranging and varied, bringing with them both risks
and opportunities.

1. Shifts in Human Densities and Movements- This refers to changes in

population sizes, migration, ethnic and racial compositions of societies, birth
rates, mortality and morbidity rates even geographic distribution of groups.

2. Changes in Economic Systems- This reflects changes in market behavior -

in the manner of exchange of good and services between low, middle, and high
income - among regions and capital outflows - among nations and continents.
The effect and impact of these changes can be felt globally.

3. Changes in Political Structures and the Rise of Social Movements- This

refers to the shifts in the power configurations among nations and regions. It
may also reflect in the conduct of governance and citizen representation.
Examples of which could be changes in the forms of government and new

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 strategies of revolutionary movements, such as openness to options for
negotiated peace settlements instead of waging protracted guerilla wars.

4. Advancements in Science and Technology- It denotes research and

development in various fields of the physical and natural sciences, as well as
new inventions, herald a new future that is more reliant to these advances.

5. Development in the Sociocultural Landscape- This could be shifts in the

value systems or the emergence of new values and social practices, thus
leading towards a reorientation of the moral compass.

6. Changes in the Earth’s Geology and Ecosystems- This covers the

environmental pressure caused by development, including fuel emissions,
loss of forests, the increasing impact of climate change manifested by the
warning of the increased temperatures of oceans and the atmosphere, even
the rising sea level.

Example of Megatrends and Trends

Category Megatrend Trend

Demographic Shifts Aging Population Rising healthcare
expenditures
Scientific and Privacy and Security Growing role of wireless
Technological Issues tracking
Development
Changes in Political Participatory democracy Growing amount of fake
Conditions news
Societal and Cultural Redefinition of family Increasement of single-
Shifts headed households
Economic Dynamics Increase in global trade Reduction of production
costs via offshoring

Classification of Trends
 Megatrends- are events that occur
over a longer period, and of which we
can be sure about. They have an
influence on all the aspects of life.

 Macrotrends- are specific variations of

megatrends. They describe partial
trends that feature a different degree of
effectiveness.

 Microtrends- phenomena that are

born in small communities with a clear
identity, most often in opposition to the
mainstream in the long run, they may
transform into more mass trends. https://www.bigsurpartners.com/2017/07/12/mega-trends-their-impact-2/

 Fads-opposite of trends. They only keep for a short period of time.

Game changers
Game changers are conscious acts from people to coordinate the course of a
megatrend. They can be individuals, organizations, or substances that see a new

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way to turn the course in favor of development and advancement.
These advancements open a modern avenue of change and changes the scene. They
can moreover be huge pioneers articulating and executing enormous thoughts.
Game changers are continuously transformational (Arzadon, Romerosa & Zarate,
2018).

For example, in the field of women’s health, the emergence of contraceptives changed
the playing field for women’s health, articulating the idea that their bodies are not
only for procreation.

ACTIVITIES
Activity 1.1. Matching Categories to Trends and Megatrends
Objectives: To understand megatrends and counter trends through identifying their
categories.

Directions: Using the six categories, choose the suggested counter megatrends that
fall under each category. Include your own examples of trends.

Categories Megatrends Trends

1. Shifts in Human
Densities and
Movements
2. Changes in Economic
Systems
3. Changes in Political
Structures and the
Rise of Social
Movements
4. Advancements in
science and technology
5. Development in the
Sociocultural
landscape
6. Changes in the Earth’s
Geology and
Ecosystems

COUNTER MEGATRENDS:

Aging Population Reduction of production costs via offshoring

Privacy and Security Issue Increasement of single-headed households

Growing number of fake news Participatory democracy

Growing role of wireless tracking Increase in global trade

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 Rising healthcare expenditures Endangered and Threatened Species

Loss of biodiversity Redefinition of family

ACTIVITIES
Activity 1.2. The World in 2030: Megatrends to Watch Out

Objectives: To analyze megatrends ten years from now and countering its disabling
effects.

Directions: Using the MEGATREND Newspaper, analyze the article of Mr. Andrew
Winston about megatrends in the next ten years. How will you contribute to sustain
its positive effects and how will you counter its advance effects? You may answer
these questions in a separate sheet of paper.

THE WORLD IN 2030: MEGATRENDS TO WATCH OUT

Andrew S. Winston, founder of
Winston Eco-Strategies and an
adviser to multinationals on how
they can navigate humanity’s
biggest challenges and profit from
solving them, asked by his client to
paint a picture of what the big trends
tell us about 2030.
According to him, the
directions we go and choices we
make will have enormous impacts
on our lives, careers, businesses,
and the world. Here are his
predictions of how nine important
trends will evolve by 2030:
Demographics: There will be
about 1 billion more of us, and we
will live longer. The fastest growing
demographic will be the elderly, with
the population of people over 65
years old at 1 billion by 2030. Most
of those new billion will be in the
middle class economically, as the
percentage of citizens in dire poverty
continues to drop.
Urbanization: Two-thirds of
us will live in cities. Countervailing
forces will include a rising cost of
living in the most desirable cities.
The effects will include the need for
more big buildings with better
management technologies
Transparency: Our world will
become even more open — and
less private. The amount of
information collected will grow
exponentially, and the pressure to
share that information with
customers and consumers in
particular will expand but all these
tools will shatter privacy in the
process.
Climate Crisis: The climate
will continue to change quickly
and feature regular, extreme
weather everywhere. The melting
of the major ice sheets will be
literally inundating most coastal
cities, and we’re truly approaching
an “Uninhabitable Earth” in our
lifetimes.
Resource Pressures: We will
be forced to more aggressively
confront resource constraints.
Water will be a stressed resource,
and it seems likely that many cities
will be constantly in a state of water
shortage.
Clean Tech: The
transformation of our grid, our
roadways, and our buildings to
zero-carbon technology will be
surprisingly far along. Electric
vehicles will be a large part of the
transportation equation. Renewable
energy is dramatically on the rise
because of the strict legislation
banning fossil-fuel engines
Technology Shifts: The
internet of things will have won
the day, and every new device will
be connected. AI and machine
learning will plan much of our
lives and make us more efficient,
well beyond choosing driving routes
to optimize traffic. Technology will
manipulate us
Global Policy: There’s an
open question about how we’ll get
important things done. Predicting
politics is nearly impossible, and it’s
hard to imagine how global policy
action on climate and other
megatrends will play out.
Populism: The rise of
nationalism and radicalism may
increase. Even less certain than
policy is the support, or lack thereof,
of the mass of people for different
philosophies of governing.
Reference:
https://sloanreview.mit.edu/article
/the-world-in-2030-nine-
megatrends-to-watch/

7
 ACTIVITIES
Activity 1.3. Local Trends

Objectives: To analyze megatrends ten years from now and countering its disabling
effects.

Directions: Give an example of trends, if possible, local trends and its implication to
the society. Also, identify the mega changers or its innovations that open up a new
avenue of change.

Trends Implications Mega Changers

1.

2.

3.

Guide Questions:
1. What are the issues or opportunities brought by the trends you wrote in the
table?
2. How do mega changers respond to them?

CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING

ESSAY WRITING

You have learned about the megatrends from the previous discussion. As an
individual good citizen, you have to make yourself aware in different trends in the
society because they help people to survive. To have a clear idea of these concepts,
you must perform the task given below.

Directions: Write an essay about the global megatrend that we will encounter in the
future.

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Title: “Megatrends Defining Our Future: Are You Ready?”

Rubrics for Essay Writing

https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/560346378629529172/

REMEMBER
 Megatrend is an interdisciplinary long-term trend that will determine the
future for a large part of the world. It may be slow to form but exhibits a
transformative, sometimes dramatic, impact on a broad array of human
activities, processes, and perceptions, both in government and in society.
 Megatrends differ from trends in three ways namely time horizon, reach and
intensity of impact.
 There are six categories of megatrends that are shaping our world and our
collective futures in profound ways. These are Shifts in Human Densities and
Movements, Changes in Economic Systems, Changes in Political Structures and
the Rise of Social Movements, Advancements in Science and Technology,
Development in the Sociocultural landscape and Changes in the Earth’s Geology
and Ecosystems.
 There are four classification of trends namely: fads, microtrends,
macrotrends and megatrends.
 Game changers can be people, organizations, or entities that see a new way to
turn the course in favor of growth and development. They can open a new
avenue of change and transforms the landscape. They can also be big leaders
articulating and implementing big ideas.

9
 POST TEST
Directions: Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen
letter in a separate sheet of paper.
1. Which of the following classifications of trends occurs over a longer period of time
and of which we can be sure about?
a. fads b. microtrends c. macrotrends d. megatrends

2. The following concepts are megatrend under the categories of Advancements in

Science and Technology EXCEPT:
a. Melting of Major Ice Sheets
b. Advance Research and Inventions
c. Growing Role of Wireless Tracking
d. Manipulating Routes to Optimize Traffic

3. Which of the following classifications of trends has specific variations of

megatrends which also describes partial trends that feature a different degree of
effectiveness?
a. fads b. microtrends c. macrotrends d. megatrends

4. Which of the following conscious acts from humans direct the course of a
megatrend? They can be people, organizations, or entities that see a new way to
turn the course in favor of growth and development.
a. Innovators b. Game changers c. Government d. Stakeholders

5. What are the counter megatrends of emergence of new values and social practices
today as part of the trend?
a. Advancements in Science and Technology
b. Shifts in Human Densities and Movements
c. Development in the Sociocultural Landscape
d. Changes in the Earth’s Geology and Ecosystem

10
 REFERENCES
Online Sources:

Frost & Sullivan. (2018). World’s Top Global Mega Trends To 2025 and
Implications to Business, Society and Cultures. Retrieved from
https://www.thegeniusworks.com/wp-
content/uploads/2016/01/Megatrends-2025-Frost-and-Sullivan.pdf

Blackrock Inc. (2018). Megatrends. Retrieved from

https://www.blackrock.com/sg/en/investment-
ideas/themes/megatrends.

Group 8- MBA 13. (2018). Megatrends. Retrieved from http://mba13-

group8.weebly.com/classification-of-megatrends.html

Gujit, 2020. Global Megatrends: Mapping the forces that affect us all.
Retrieved from
https://oxfamilibrary.openrepository.com/bitstream/handle/10546/620
942/dp- global-megatrends-mapping-forces-affect-us-all-310120-
en.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y.

Megatrend and Trends (2018). Retrieved from

http://futureoriented.eu/courses/module-3/lessons/module-3-lesson-
2-methods-for-trends-identification-and-analysis/topic/topic-1-
megatrends-and-trends/

Saritas O. (2011). The Big Picture – trends, drivers, wild cards, discontinuities
and weak signals, Futures. Retrieved from http://www.foresight-
platform.eu/community/forlearn/how-to-do-
foresight/methods/analysis/megatrend-trend-driver-issue/.

Books:

Arzadon, M., Romerosa P., & Zarate M. (2018). Trends, Networks, and
Critical Thinking. Vibal Group Inc. Quezon City.

Photos:

https://www.bigsurpartners.com/2017/07/12/mega-trends-their-impact-
2/

https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/560346378629529172/

https://sloanreview.mit.edu/article/the-world-in-2030-nine-megatrends-to-
watch/

11
 Management and Development Team

Schools Division Superintendent: Maria Magdalena M. Lim, CESO V

Chief Education Supervisor: Aida H. Rondilla
CID Education Program Supervisor: Amalia C. Solis
CID LR Supervisor: Lucky S. Carpio
CID-LRMS Librarian II: Lady Hannah C Gillo
CID-LRMS PDO II: Albert James P. Macaraeg

Editor/s: Mark Lester C. Cuayzon MT-II (Content), Restituto G.

Lumacang Jr., T-III (Language)
Writer: Paulyne Joanne R. Pascual, T-III

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 REFLECTIVE LEARNING SHEET

Name ____________________________________________ Grade and Section ___________

School: ______________________ Date: _____________ Subj. Teacher: _______________

Quarter: 1st Module No.: 2 Week No.: 2

MELC: Identify and explain an emerging pattern

Objectives: To address an acceptance speech as a trend spotter that helps you define
what and who you are.

Topic: Megatrends and Game Changers

Acceptance Speech
Imagine yourself being an award recipient. You have won an award entitled,
“Outstanding Trend Spotter of the Decade”. Your task now is to write an acceptance
speech. In it, you must tell how the knowledge you have acquired as a trend spotter
helped you become what and who you are.

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 ANSWER KEY

PRETEST POSTTEST Looking Back to Your Lesson

1. D 1. D 1. True
2. True
2. A 2. C 3. True
3. B 3. C 4. False
5. True
4. B 4. B
6. True
5. D 5. C 7. True
8. False
9. True
10. True

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