SUBMITTED BY:

Muhammad Adnan
REGISTRATION NO:
21MDMLE043
DEPARTMENT
Mechanical Engineering
LAB:
Mechanics of material
LAB NO:
07
SUBMITTED TO:
Engr. Abdul Hameed
Lab#07

Experiment:
To determine the deflection of simply supported beam

Theory:
Beam:
A beam is a length of material supported at its two ends, in such a way so as to
bear loads. The load perpendicular to its longitudinal axis will result in bending
and, in most cases, transverse shearing. In the simplest of situations, the beam is
taken to have a rectangular cross-section and the loads and supporting reactions
act in the vertical plane containing the longitudinal axis.
Types of beam:
Beams are classified on the basis of type of support, related to this following are
the types of beam
a.)Simply Supported Beams:
The beam which contains two pin or rolling support at its ends.
b.) Cantilever Beam:
The beam which is fixed from one end and free from other end.
c. Overhanging Beam:
The beam which contains one pin and one rolling support between the ends and
free from one end.
d. Fixed Beam:
That type of beam which is fixed from both the ends.
e. Continuous Beam:
That type of beam which has three or more than three supports is known as
continuous beam.
Apparatus:
 Bending bar apparatus
 Simply supported beam
 Weight and hanger
 Dial Gauge
 Spring balance
 Meter rod
 Vernier caliper

Procedure:

First of all, measure the length

of simply supported beam of
known material with help of
a meter rod
 First of all, measure the length of simply supported beam of known
material with help of a meter rod
 Measure the width and the thickness of the bar which is used as beam with
help of vernier caliper to determine the moment of inertia
 Set the dial gauge at zero.
 Apply load at the Centre with help of a hanger
 Gradually increase the load and note the corresponding deflection in the
beam by the rotation of the dial gauge.
 Note the deflection first by increasing the load gradually and then
decreasing and then take average
 The whole operation is shown in figure.1
figure.1
Calculations:
The following are use to be

∆th=WL3/48EI
I=Bh3/12
b = 20 mm
h = 3.1 mm
Moment of inertia = I = bh3/12 = 4.9*10-11m4
Modulus of elasticity of steel = E = 200 GPa
Length of simply supported beam = L = 400 mm
Least count of dial gauge = 0.01 mm
Theoretical deflection = ∆Th =1.49*10-04

Load (N) Deflection (mm)

0.49 110
5.49 785
10.49 1445
15.49 2150
20.49 2840
25.49 3460

Load (N) ∆ 48∆I 48∆I/L3

0.49 0.11 2.5*10-10 3.9*10-9
5.49 0.785 1.8*10-09 2.8*10-8
10.49 1.445 3.39*10-09 5.29*10-8
15.49 2.15 5.05*10-09 7.8*10-8
20.49 2.84 6.67*10-09 1.042*10-7
25.49 3.46 8.13*10-09 1.27*10-7
Graph:
30
25.49
25
20.49
20
15.49
15
W

10.49
10
5.49
5
0.49
0
3.9*10-9 2.8*10-8 5.29*10-8 7.8*10-8 1.042*10- 1.27*10-7
7

48∆I/L3

Conclusion:
From the above data we concluded that increase in modulus of elasticity and
moment of inertia decreases the deflection where increase in number of loads,
magnitude of load and distance of load from ends increase the deflection of
beam.
It also can be concluded that experimental values of deflection are always greater
than calculated value.