Review Innovations CE Review for Nov 2023 – Algebra 2

Motion Related Problems Formulas for A.P.

The distance traveled is the product of velocity and time. d = a2 - a1 = a3 - a2 = a4 - a3 = ...
d = vt an = a1 + (n - 1)d or an = am + (n - m)d
were, d = distance; v = velocity; t = time n n
Sn = ( a1 + an ) or Sn = [ 2 a1 + (n - 1)d ]
2 2
Motion in a water current or air current
Let Geometric Progression (GP)
x = velocity of the (boat/airplane) in still (water/air) and A sequence of numbers is in GP if any number after the
y = velocity of the (water/air), then first is obtained by multiplying a fixed number to the one
x + y = v when going (downstream/with the wind) immediately preceding it. The fixed number that is
x – y = v when going (upstream/against the wind) multiplied is called the common ratio, r.
Example: 2, 6, 18, 54, 162, 486
Motion in a circle or any closed circuit
Consider two objects (one is a faster and the other is Formulas for G.P.
slower) moves from the same point and starting at the
a a a
same time. r = 2 = 3 = 4 = ...
a1 a2 a3
• When going in the same the direction, the difference
of the distances traveled every time the faster an = a1 r n -1 or an = am r n -m
overtakes the slower is always one circuit.
a1 (1 - r n ) a (r n - 1)
dfaster – dslower = 1 circuit Sn = or Sn = 1
1-r r -1
• When going in opposite directions, the total distance
traveled every time the two meet each other is always Where: an = nth term usually the last term
one circuit. am = a term after a1 but before an
Sn = sum of first n terms
dfaster + dslower = 1 circuit
Infinite Geometric Progression (IGP)
1. A and B run a 1.5-kilometer race. In the first heat, A A GP in which -1 ≤ r ≤ 1, r ≠ 0 and n ® ∞
gives B a start of 11 meters and beats him by 57
seconds. In the second heat, A gives B a start of 81 a1
Sn =
seconds and is beaten by 88 meters. Find the rate of 1-r
A in km/hr. Answer: 15.1
Harmonic Progression (HP)
2. A battleship started on a 500-mile voyage but was A sequence of numbers are in HP if their reciprocals form
brought to full stop an hour after starting for military an AP.
reasons, delaying it for full hour, after which it was
ordered to proceed at a reduced velocity equivalent Example: 1/2, 1/5, 1/8, 1/11, 1/14, 1/17
to 75% of its former rate. The ship arrived at its
destination 3 hours and 3 quarters after scheduled Arithmetic, Harmonic, and Geometric Means
time. If it was desired for the ship to arrive one hour x + x 2 + x 3 +  + xn
Arithmetic Mean, AM = 1
and a quarter sooner, how far from the destination n
should the ship have been ordered stopped? Geometric Mean, GM = n x1 ´ x2 ´ x3 ´  ´ xn
Answer: 243.24 mi.
n
3. At an ordinary rate a man can row the distance from Harmonic Mean, HM =
1 1 1 1
Pasig to Manila, about 15km, in 5 hours less time than + + + +
it takes him to return. Could he double his rate, his x1 x 2 x 3 xn
time to Manila would only be one hour less than his
time to Pasig. What is the rate of Pasig River? Relationship between Arithmetic Mean, Harmonic
Answer: 2 kph Mean, and Geometric Mean of Two Numbers
Situation 1. Allan can cover a circular track in 50 AM ´ HM = GM 2
seconds while Brando can cover the same track in 40
seconds. Going in the same direction, find the time 7. The arithmetic mean of two numbers is 7.5 & their
they will be together if:
harmonic mean is 4.8. Find their geometric mean.
4. Brando gives Allan a head start of 5 seconds. Answer: 6
Answer: 20 sec of Brando
8. A contractor who does not meet the deadline on the
5. Allan gives Brando a head start of 5 seconds.
Answer: 175 sec of Allan construction of a building is fined P40,000 per day for
each of the first ten days of extra time, and for each
6. Allan and Brando start at the same time. additional day thereafter the fine is increased by
Answer: 200 sec
P8,000. If the contractor is fined P1,008,000, by how
many extra days was the construction delayed?
Answer: 18
Arithmetic Progression (AP)
A sequence of numbers is in AP if any number after the 9. The numbers 28, x + 2, 112 are the first three terms in
first is obtained by adding a fixed number to the one a GP. What is the 31st term? Answer: 30,064,771,070
immediately preceding it. The fixed number that is 10. If the 1st, 5th and the 8th terms of an AP will form a GP,
added is called the common difference, d. what would be the common ratio of this GP?
Example: 2, 5, 8, 11, 14, 17 Answer: 3/4

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 Review Innovations CE Review for Nov 2023 – Algebra 2
11. Find the sum of a sequence of four positive numbers, communication range in miles between the plane and
the first of which is 6 and the fourth of which is 16, if the carrier.
the first three numbers form an AP and the last three A. 656 mi B. 785 mi C. 557 mi D. 412 mi
numbers form a GP. Answer: 43
14. An airplane, flying with the wind, took 2 hours to
12. A rubber ball is dropped from a height of 9m and travel 1000 km. and 2.5 hours in fly back. What was
each time it strikes the ground, it bounces to a height the wind velocity in kph?
2/3 of that from which it falls. Find the total distance A. 30 B. 70 C. 50 D. 60
travelled by the ball before it comes to rest.
10. A salesman started walking from office A at 9:30 am
Answer: 45 m
at the rate of 2.5 kph. He arrived office B 12 seconds
13. The side of a square is 10 m. A second square is late. Had he started at A at 9:00 am and walked at 1.5
formed by joining, in the proper order, the midpoints kph, he would have arrived at B one minute before
of the sides of the first square. A third square is the required time. At what time was he supposed to
formed by joining the midpoints of the second be at B?
square, and so on. Find the sum of the areas of all the A. 10:13 am C. 10:22 am
squares if the process will continue indefinitely. B. 10:16 am D. 10:18 am
Answer: 200 m2
11. The logarithm of the quotient of two numbers is –
0.066946789 while the logarithm of their product is
Problems for Practice 1.62324929. Determine the first number.
1. Two boys A and B start at the same time to ride from A. 3 B. 6 C. 4 D. 5
Tacloban to Abuyog, 60 miles away. A travels 4 miles
an hour slower than B. B reaches Abuyog and at once 12. Given loga 2 = x, loga 5 = y, and loga 6 = z, express loga
turns back meeting A 12 miles from Abuyog. The rate 0.15 in terms of x, y, and z.
of A was: Answer: 8 mph A. 3z / x2y C. z − 3x − y
B. x − 3y + z D. x2 / 3yz
2. A marksman fires a target 420 m away and hears the
bullet strikes the target 2 seconds after he pulled the 13. Solve for x from the following: Answer: 3
trigger. An observer 525 m away from the target and xy = 12 yz = 20 zx = 15
455 m away from the marksman hears the bullet
strikes the target 1 second after he hears the report of 14. Determine x so that x, 2x + 7, 10x – 7 will be a
the rifle. What is the velocity of the bullet? geometric progression. Answer: 7; -7/6
Answer: 525 m/s 15. Find the harmonic mean between 3 & 11. Answer: 33/7
3. A bus travels a distance of 350 km in exactly the same 16. A cask containing 20 liters of wine was emptied of
time that a car travels a distance of 600 km. If the car one-fifth of its contents and then filled with water. If
is 50 kph faster than the bus, how fast was the bus? this is done 20 times, how many liters of wine will
Answer: 70 kph
remain in the cask? Answer: 0.2306 li
4. Two planes leave Manila for Tokyo, a distance of 900
17. The arithmetic mean of two numbers exceeds their
miles. The four-motored plane A travels at a ground
geometric mean by two. Find the numbers if one is 40
speed of 90 mph faster than the two-motored plane B.
less than the other. Answer: 81 & 121
Plane A arrives in Tokyo 2 hr 15 min ahead of plane
B. What is the ground speed of plane B? 18. Insert three arithmetic means between 11 & 14.
Answer: 150 mph Answer: 11.75, 12.5, 13.25

5. An airplane takes 1.5 hours to travel 600 mi with the
wind and 1.6 hours to fly back. Find the speed of the
plane. Answer: 387.5mph
6. A boatman rows to a place 48 km distant and back in
14 hours; he finds he can row 4km with the stream in
the same time as 3 km against the stream. Find the
rate of the stream. Answer: 1 kph
7. A and B compete in a race. A run at a constant rate of
126 m/min while B runs 145 m the first minute, 143
m the second minute, 141 m the third minute and so
on. When will A and B be together again?
Answer: 20 min
8. Two trains, one 350 ft long, the other 450 ft long, on
parallel tracks, can pass each other completely in 8
seconds when moving in opposite directions. When
moving in the same direction, the faster train
completely passes the slower one in 16 seconds. Find
the speed of the faster train. Answer: 75 fps
9. At 2:00 pm, an airplane takes off at 340 mph on an
aircraft carrier. the aircraft carrier moves due south
at 25 mph in the same direction as the plane. At 4:05
pm, the communication between the plane and the
aircraft carrier was lost. Determine the
19. Find the common ratio of an IGP in which any term
is thrice the sum of the succeeding terms. Answer: 1/4
1. A besieged fortress is held by 5,700 men who have
provisions for 66 days. If the fortress loses 20 men
each day, for how long will the provisions hold out?
Answer: 76 days
20. The first three terms in AP are 20, 16 and 12. Which
term is -96? Answer: 30th term
21. In a display window a grocer wishes to place boxes
of detergent in pyramid form so that the bottom row
contains 15 boxes, the next row contains 14 boxes, the
next row contains 13 boxes, and so on, with one box
on top. How many boxes of detergent are necessary
for the pyramid? Answer: 120
22. Find the 8th term in the following series of numbers:
6, 7, 11, 20, 36, ... Answer: 146
23. Insert three harmonic means between -1/2 and 1/14.
24. Compute the 16th term of HP if the 6th and 11th term
πof HP are 10 and 18, respectively. Answer: 90
25. Solve for x if x + 4, x + 1, x is in harmonic sequence.
Answer: 2

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( (02) 8735-9161 0919-227-9194 ( (02) 8735-9161 0919-227-9194 ( (082) 221-1121 0930-256-0998