SAMPLE DESIGN OF DOG LEGGED STAIR CASE

Distance between the floors (height of the storey) = 3.0 m ( This may vary in some cases)
Consider live load =3 kN/m2 ( may be 2 to 3 kN/m2)
M20 grade of concrete, fck = 20 N/mm2
Fe 415 steel, fy = 415 N/mm2
Let rise R = 150 mm ( may be 150 mm to 190 mm)
Tread T = 250 mm ( may be 250 to 300 mm)
(2R +T) > 500 mm and < 700 mm (the slope or pitch of the stairs (waist slab) should not be more than 28o .
Let the width of the flight = 1.2 m ( 1.0 m to 1.5m)
Height of each flight = Vertical distance between the floors/2 ( In some cases this may not be)
= 3.0/2 = 1.5 m
Number of risers= 1500/15 = 10 ( in each flight) ( in no case not more than 15)
Number of treads = number of risers -1 = 10 – 1 = 9
Space occupied by the treads (horizontal) = 9*250 = 2250 mm = 2.25 m
Let keep the width of the landing = 1250 mm ( my be 1000 mm to 1500 mm)
Space for passage = 1250mm ( Assumed, may be taken as 1000 mm to 1250 mm)
Therefore stair room = (1.2 + 0.2 +1.2)m x (1.25 + 2.25 + 1.25)m = 2.6 m x 4.75 m
( Hence at least have the above stair room for stair case in the respective plans)
Calculation of effective span: The landing slab is assumed to span in the same direction as the stair and considered to act
together giving rise to single slab.
Assuming the width of the landing beam as 230 mm
Effective span for flight 1 = 2250 + 1250 +230/2 = 3615 mm = 3.615 m
Effective span for flight 2 = 230/2 + 1250 + 2250 +1250 + 230/2 = 4980 mm = 4.98 m
 0.23m

1.5m

1.25m 2.25m 1.25m

Flight 1

1.5m

1.25m 2.25m 1.25m

Flight 2
Thickness of the waist slab = (may be assumed as 40 mm to 50 mm per meter span)
Let thickness of the waist slab, t = 200 mm
Calculation of loads:
(𝑅2 +𝑇 2 ) (0.152 +0.252 )
(i) Dead load of waist slab = t* * 25 = 0.2* * 25 = 5.83 kN/m2 (25 kN/m3 --- unit weight of RCC)
𝑇 0.25
𝑅 0.15
(ii) Dead load of steps = 2 * 24 = 2 * 24 = 1.8 kN/m2 ( 24 kN/m3 – unit weight of plain concrete)
(iii) Finishing = 0.25 kN/m2 (assumed)
(iv) L. L. = 3.0 kN/m2
Total service load = 5.83 + 1.8 + 0.25 + 3.0 = 10.85 kN/m2
Factored load = 1.5*10.85 = 16.275 kN/m2
Assume the same thickness 200 mm for the landing slab also
Factored load on landing slab =1.5( 5.83 + 3.0 + 0.25) = 13.62 kN/m2
Consider the design of flight 2:
16.275 kN/m
13.62 kN/m 13.62 kN/m
A B
1.25m 2.25m 1.25m

VA = 35.33kN VB = 35.33kN

Maximum moment, Mu ( at the centre of the span) = 35.33*(1.25+2.25/2) - 13.62*1.25*(1.25/2 + 2.25/2) –

16.275*2.25/2*2.25/4= 43.82 kN-m
Vu = 35.33 kN
Check for depth of waist slab:
Mu = 0.138fckbd2
0.138*20*1000*d2 = 43.82*106
d = 126 mm (required)
d provided = 200 -20 – 10/2 = 175 mm > d required, hence OK
0.5𝑓𝑐𝑘 4.6𝑀𝑢
Calculation of reinforcement, Ast = ( )[1- 1 − 𝑓𝑐𝑘𝑏𝑑2 ]*bd
𝑓𝑦

0.5∗20 4.6∗43.82∗106
== ( 415 )[1- 1 − 20∗1000∗1752 ]*1000*175 = 722.79 mm2
𝜋
Consider 12 mm dia. bars, ast = 4 ∗ 122 = 113.1 mm2
113.1
Spacing of 12 mm dia. bars = 722.79 *1000 = 156.5 mmc/c
Provide 12 mm @ 150 mm c/c.
Distribution steel ( minimum is to be provided)
Ast, min =0 .12% b*D = 0.12*1000*200/100 = 240 mm2
𝜋
Considering 8 mm dia. bars, ast = 4 ∗ 82 = 50.26 mm2
Spacing of 8 mm dia. bars = 50.26*1000/240 = 209. 42 mm c/c
Spacing of distribution steel, 8 mm @ 200 mmc/c.
 8 mm @ 200 mm c/c.

230 mm
12 mm ∅ bars @ 150 mm c/c. Thickness of waist slab = 200 mm

12 mm ∅ bars @ 150 mm c/c.

230 mm 1.25m

1.25m 2.25 m 1.25m

Detailing of flight 2