Form 2

THE PATENT ACT, 1970

(39 of 1970)
&
The Patent Rules, 2003
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
(Section 10 and Rule 13)
DESIGN, DEVELOPMENT AND FABRICATION OF SEMI – AUTOMATIC
HYDRAULIC EMERGENCY BRAKING SYSTEM
Name Address Nationality
CHANDRAMOHAN D Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian
St. Peter's Institute of Higher Education and
Research,Avadi,Chennai,
600 054, India
RAGHURAM PRADHAN Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pace Indian
Institute of Technology and Sciences, NH-5, Near
Valluramma Temple, Ongole, Andhra Pradesh-
523272, India
D.MURUGANANDAM Dean Research, Sri Venkateswaraa College of Indian
Technology, Vadakal Village, Mathur post,
Sriperumbudur, Kancheepuram Chennai-602105,
India
J.JAYAPRIYA Department of Mathematics, Sathyabama Institute Indian
of Science and Technology, Jeppiaar Nagar, Rajiv
Gandhi Salai, Chennai-600119, India
B. MEENAKSHI Department of Electrical and Electronics Indian
Engineering,Sri Sairam Engineering College, Sai
Leo Nagar, Chennai, 600044
S. VENKATASUBRAMANIAN Department of Electrical and Electronics Indian
Engineering,Sri Sairam Engineering College, Sai
Leo Nagar, Chennai, 600044
M SURESH Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian
Sri Sairam Engineering College, Sai Leo Nagar,
Chennai, Tamilnadu, 600044
VETRIVEL MURUGAN K Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian
Sri Sairam Engineering College, Sai Leo Nagar,
Chennai, Tamilnadu, 600044
GANESH T Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian
Sri Sairam Engineering College, Sai Leo Nagar,
Chennai, Tamilnadu, 600044
RAVINTHIRAN A Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian
Sri Sairam Engineering College, Sai Leo Nagar,
Chennai, Tamilnadu, 600044

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The following specification particularly describes the invention and the manner in
which it is to be performed.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention generally relates to a Semi – Automatic Hydraulic

Emergency Braking System. A relates a system is presented for semi -
automatically engaging and disengaging handbrake of a passenger car system.
This system takes electrical input and produces a mechanical output for
engaging the brakes. On turning the ignition key ‘ON’, the brake dis-engages.
The brake engages on turning the key ‘OFF’.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

A vehicle needs a parking brake to stay in rest Mechanical linkages connected to

the brake shoes achieve it. The hand lever in the driver’s cabin operates this
handbrake. However, it needs more physical power to engage or disengage.
About 3 kg power is required to lift the lever. It is not so easy for aged people and
handicapped people to use the mechanically operated emergency braking
system. Moreover, many people forgot to release the hand brake while moving
the vehicle from rest. This damages the brake lining and increases the tyre wear.
This carelessness of some drivers causes damaging the vehicles. Moreover, it
produces annoying sound and a pungent odor.

A number of different type of the tools and methods for replacing/changing

vehicle braking system in hill station are available in the prior art. For example,
the following patents are provided for their supportive teachings and are all
incorporated by reference:

Prior art document,US4934492Adiscloses an automatic brake locking system, for

locking the brakes of a vehicle having a hydraulic brake system, is operated

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every time the ignition switch is turned off to apply pressure through an auxiliary
brake actuating device to lock the brakes and hold them locked until the auxiliary
brake actuating device is released. A safety switch is provided to operate in
conjunction with the ignition switch; so that the safety switch and the ignition
switch both must be operated to an "on" position to release the auxiliary brake
actuating device to allow normal operation of the vehicle. Turning on the ignition
switch without operation of the safety switch does not permit movement of the
vehicle since the auxiliary brake actuating device continues to be operated. The
system is a passive system, which it does not require any separate actions on
the part of the vehicle operator to cause the auxiliary brake actuating device to
be operated when the vehicle ignition switch is turned off. However, this prior art
document does not appear to discuss the additional braking system for the
vehicle.

Another prior art document, CN102205839Adiscloses aninvention to simplify a

control during regenerative cooperation in a brake control system generating a
hydraulic pressure in a master cylinder by displacing a piston with use of an
electric actuator according an operation amount of a brake pedal. The brake
control systemdisplaces the primary piston by controlling an operation of the
electric motor by a master pressure control unit according to the operation
amount of the brake pedal, thereby generating a hydraulic pressure in the master
cylinder to supply it to wheel cylinders. The master pressure control unit sets a
target relative displacement XT between an input piston and the primary piston
and a target hydraulic pressure PT in the master cylinder, and appropriately
switches which is used to control a brake force. During regenerative cooperation,
the master pressure control unit selects the control with use of the target
hydraulic pressure PT, which enables easy execution of a hydraulic pressure
control including a subtraction of the hydraulicpressure corresponding to a brake
effect from the regenerative cooperation.However, this prior art document does
not appear to discussdifferent brakes for upslope and downslope.

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Yet another prior art document, DE102005023876A1discloses an assembly
assists an automobile drive in the correct coordination of a hill-start. The
assembly builds up supplementary hydraulic pressure in one or more of the
brake cylinders acting on one or more of the wheels. The supplementary brake
pressure is released by a system that is hand or voice-activated
command.However, this prior art document does not appear to discussthe
additional braking system for the vehicle.

Yet another prior art document, CN201856653Udiscloses an automobile

regenerative braking system and hydraulic braking system cooperative control
device belongs to the field of vehicle braking systems. A regenerative braking
system comprises a front shaft brake motor and a regenerative braking system
transmission mechanism. A hydraulic braking system includes a liquid storage
chamber, a master brake cylinder, a brake pedal and a hydraulicbraking system
transmission mechanism. The cooperative control device comprises a brake
mode switching controller, an operating mode switching valve and a pipeline
hydraulic simulator, wherein the brake mode switching controller is electrically
connected with the operating mode switching valve, the operating mode
switching valve is connected with a master brake cylinder hydraulic pipeline and
further connected with a pipeline hydraulic simulator hydraulic pipeline, the brake
mode switching controller determines regenerative braking moment strength
provided by a vehicle according to vehicle speed, power battery charge state and
vehicle braking strength requirement signals so as to form brake mode control
signals, and the brake mode control signals drive the operating mode switching
valve in operation. Automobile motor regenerative brake can be matched with a
conventional hydraulic brake, and brake moment and fluctuation of reverse brake
pedal force can be eliminated. However, this prior art document does not appear
to discuss the additional braking system for the vehicle.

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Yet another non-patent literature prior art document discusses new project
Automatic brake for hill station which is fully equipped by IR sensors circuit and
Pneumatic and Hydraulic braking circuit. It is a genuine project which is fully
equipped and designed for Automobile vehicles. This forms an integral part of
best quality. This product underwent strenuous test in our Automobile vehicles
and it is good. The “Pneumatic and Hydraulic braking circuit” can stop the vehicle
within 2 to 3 seconds running at a speed of 50 KM.

However, above mentioned references and many other similar references has
one or more of the following shortcomings: (a) Extra braking system is absent;
(b) Different brakes for upslope and downslope is absent; (c) Electric system for
braking is absent; (d) Less secure; (e)Button system is absent; (f) Complex; and
(g) Expensive;

The present application addresses the above mentioned concerns and

shortcomings with regard to providing a vehicle braking system.

An object of the invention is to provide an Automatic Parking or Emergency

Brake system for motor vehicles comprising means by which the parking or
emergency brakes of a motor vehicle will become applied automatically when the
engine of the vehicle is shut off or stalls, and by which the brakes will become
released automatically and immediately when the engine is started, and then
only when the driver's seat is occupied and pressure exerted on the brake pedal.
The described means includes also an arrangement by which, when the vehicle
is halted at crossings and elsewhere on either level or hilly roadway, the parking
or emergency brakes will be automatically applied within about three seconds
after the vehicle comes to a complete stop and thus creeping of the vehicle is
prevented, and this is particularly desirable when it is one of the automatic
transmission type. We are proposed this system
It is another object of invention that said ensure better comfort for driver.

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It is another object of invention that said improve the emergency braking system
to an extent.

It is another object of invention that said increase the space in the driver’s cabin.

It is another object of invention that said reduce the maintenance cost

It is another object of invention that said achieve better efficiency

It is another object of invention that said reduce human effort

It is another object of invention that said increase the safety features

It is another object of invention that said reduce noise during engaging and dis
engage the brakes.

Yet another object of invention is to provide an additional hydraulic braking

system mainly used in vehicle while moving in hill station.

In this respect, before explaining at least one embodiment of the invention in

detail, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited in its application to
the details of construction and to the arrangements of the components set forth in
the following description or illustrated in the drawings. The invention is capable of
other embodiments and of being practiced and carried out in various ways. Also,
it is to be understood that the phraseology and terminology employed herein are
for the purpose of description and should not be regarded as limiting.

These together with other objects of the invention, along with the various features
of novelty which characterize the invention, are pointed out with particularity in
the disclosure. For a better understanding of the invention, its operating
advantages and the specific objects attained by its uses, reference should be
had to the accompanying drawings and descriptive matter in which there are
illustrated preferred embodiments of the invention.

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DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In this invention, the parking brake engages and dis engages automatically with
the help of an hydraulic pump with motor and a programmed microcontroller
arduino kit. This controller is operated by three input devices. Input devices are
 Ignition key
 Brake pedal
 Additional switch
Then the pump recieves the signal from this switches. Pump pushes the
pressurized oil towards the wheel cylinder. This wheel cylinder pushes a lever
which in turn pushes the brake towards the brake drum to arrest the motion of
the vehicle., in other words to engage the parking brake.

Fig 1: Layout of proposed emergency braking system

When the ignition key is turned OFF, the ECU operates the pump to engages the
parking brake. Again after turning the ignition key ON, pressing the brake pedal
disengages the parking brake. An additional switch is provided in the driver’s
cabin. This switch is mainly used to engage the parking brake system when the
vehicle is in idling condition. This switch operates by the function of push button
mechanism. It is one way switch. Safety switch is provided to disengage
the parking brake system permanently which is used only in emergency

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conditions. Function of this switch is to disengage the parking brake when the
vehicle gets electrical repair and hydraulic malfunction. For example, the vehicle
is already engaged the parking brake then the battery gets run down or dead
condition. The battery supply will not used to crank the vehicle, without cranking
the vehicle we cannot able to disengage the parking brake for tow the vehicle. So
mechanical safety switch is provided and the pressure relief valve is used as
safety switch and it is placed in the pump outlet. The oil pressure is reduced then
automatically the parking brake will disengage.

.
Fig 2 : Hydraulic circuit of proposed emergency braking system

Solenoid valve is used to return the pressurized oil into reservoir from the wheel
cylinder. It is one way valve. This valve requires battery supply to open and the
battery supply is removed then the valve will be closed. If the battery supply is
applied to this valve, it has coil windings and the windings get magnetized, the
rod is placed in between the coils and the coil gets magnetized then the rod will
be pushed up, this passes the oil to the reservoir. This valve conducts the
pressurized oil.

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Our Invention Provides a system to stop a vehicle without making any accident at
any point of time with the manual or automatic effort by installed of some
mechanisms. The benefits and advantages which may be provided by the
present invention have been described above with regard to specific
embodiments. These benefits and advantages, and any elements or limitations
that may cause them to occur or to become more pronounced are not to be
construed as critical, required, or essential features of any or all of the
embodiments.

While the present invention has been described with reference to particular
embodiments, it should be understood that the embodiments are illustrative and
that the scope of the invention is not limited to these embodiments. Many
variations, modifications, additions and improvements to the embodiments
described above are possible. It is contemplated that these variations,
modifications, additions and improvements fall within the scope of the invention

Nowadays mechanical parking brake system is used in all commercial vehicles.

In this system many problems are identified. Mechanical linkages are suffered to
more wear and tear. It is very hard to lift the hand lever for aged people and
handicapped ones. There is a chance of forget to disengage or engage the
parking brake. Brake drum and brake linings may get corroded on driving when
parking brakes engaged. Increased tyre wear & higher chance for failure of
mechanical components. The existed problems are rectified in this invention. It
increases good parking brake efficiency. Maintenance cost is comparatively less.
These are the advantages of our semi-automatic emergency braking system.

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CLAIMS

We Claim:

1. An Semi – Automatic Hydraulic Emergency Braking system for a vehicle which

operates when the main braking system of a vehicle fails, said additional
hydraulic braking system comprises: a Ignition key; a Brake pedal; Additional
switch; a rear hydraulic brake; a rear stopper and a rear axle.

2. An Semi – Automatic Hydraulic Emergency Braking system as claimed in

claim 1 wherein said front hydraulic braking system is mounted on rear axle.

3. An Semi – Automatic Hydraulic Emergency Braking system as claimed in

claim 1 wherein said additional hydraulic braking system with electrical
system is operating manually using said Ignition key

4. An Semi – Automatic Hydraulic Emergency Braking system as claimed in

claim 1 wherein said additional hydraulic braking system can be used in
vehicle while moving in hill station.

5. An Semi – Automatic Hydraulic Emergency Braking system as claimed in

claim 1 wherein said additional hydraulic braking system can be used in
all four or more wheel vehicle

Dated this 25th day of November 2019

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 Abstract

DESIGN, DEVELOPMENT AND FABRICATION OF SEMI – AUTOMATIC

HYDRAULIC EMERGENCY BRAKING SYSTEM

The present invention provides a semi - automatically engaging and disengaging

handbrake of a passenger car system. This system takes electrical input and
produces a mechanical output for engaging the brakes. On turning the ignition
key ‘ON’, the brake dis-engages. The brake engages on turning the key ‘OFF’.
An electrical pump with pressurized oil operates the wheel cylinder, which in turn
pushes the brake lining towards the brake drum. This emergency braking system
consists of a master cylinder and a pair of wheel cylinder. The master cylinder
acts as a reservoir. An additional switch is also provided for engaging and
disengaging of emergency braking system. A safety switch is provided, in case of
emergencies. This system of automatic emergency braking system provides a
very good comfort for drivers while driving.

Dated this 25th day of November 2019

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Name of Applicant DEVARAJAN, CHANDRAMOHAN Sheet No 1

Application No Number of sheets 2

Fig 1: Layout of proposed emergency braking system

Dated this 25th day of November 2019

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Name of Applicant DEVARAJAN, CHANDRAMOHAN Sheet No 2

Application No Number of sheets 2

Fig 2 : Hydraulic circuit of proposed emergency braking system

Dated this 25th day of November 2019

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