Experiment No.

14
PracticalSignificance
Thermal Conductivity
high thermal
low thermal conductivity arewidely used in heat sink
Materials
of
are
of
materials student conducttheivitthermal
will measure y used as thermal 2pplicationsIn znd
esperiment
Searl'sapparatus. conductivity of 2insulation. tris
material usimg
by
RelevantProgram Outcomes (POs)
PO1-Basicknowledge
Discipline knowledge
PO2-Experimentsand practice

t Course Outcomes
Relevant
(CUsethebasic principles of heat and optics in related
engineering applications
Practical Learning Outcome
Use Searle'sthermal conductivity apparatus to find co-efficient of thermal conductivity
ofagivenmaterial.

PracticalSkills
Measurementskill

Relevant Affective domain related Outcomes

a Follow safety practices.
h. Practice good housekeeping.
C.
Maintain tools and equipment.

| Minimum Theoretical Background

amount of heat in a slab is constent
Steady state of temperature is a state where the unit change in
per
Temperature gradient is defined as the change in temperature
distance. Its Sl unit is 'K/m.
thermal conductiviny (K) isdefined as the quantity of heat which fows in
Coefficient of of unit thicknes and unit area ofcS
material
Oe second through a slab of given at a temperature ditterenN oflC
sction when its opposite faces are maintaincd

Formula used: mxSx(9, -9.)xd

Ax(8-8. )x
thetime of tlow of waterin
water, r is distane beweenthe
mis the mass of water, 's is specific heat ofof copper d. ' íisththermoneter I;. I;,
seadyState, A is the area of cross section the tempeaursof
are
thI;earndmomeT4terespectively
r
TË and T> and 6,. . . e,
(Fig.0l).
 Vn Eperiental set-up

Water

6, ,
Steam in

Steam
chamber

Copper tube
Copperrod
MeasuringCylinder Steam out
Wooden box

Fig.01
IX Resources required
S. No. Particulars Specification Quantity Remark
Searle's apparatus length of rod 50cm 01 As available
2 Steam chamber 01 As available
3 Measuringcylinder 500ml 01 As available
4 Stop watch LC0.1sec 01 As available
5 Electric heater 750watt 01 As available

X Procedure (Step wise)

1. Measure the distance between thermometers TË and T;
meter scale.
mounted on rod using
2. Mount the thermometers Ts and T4 as shown in Fig.01.
3. Pass steam through the steam chamber.
4. Connect copper tubing wound round on the right end of metal rod to constant
pressure head.
5. Adjust the top and punch cock such that water flows at steady rate.
6. Collect the water leaving the copper tube for known time (5 minutes).
7. Measures the volume of water collected with the help of measuring cylinder
8. Finds the mass of water collected.
9. Record the steady state temperatures O1, 02, 0, and 64 from the thermometers T,
T2, T; and T, respectively.
10, Calculate the coefficient of thermal conductivity (K) of given material of rod
using given formula.
R SN N e
P

Precautions

Temperature should be noted at steady state ternperature.

Insulationjacket must be cfficient reduce
to
1.
circulated loss of heat due to
Flow of water through should slow
tube
Thegas cylinder burner is keep in off mode be radiation
and uniform.
m
Besure that the steady state is reached beforewhen
3.
5. thethe final reading
taking
experimentis completed
I
Actual
procedure followed

Resources used(with major specifications)

IV Precautions followed

Observations and Calculations

Observations
1. Material of rod =..GAP?e.
2. Length of the rod= cm
3. Area of cross section of the rod

Radius Area of
CSR TR CR = Average
Dameter (D) CSD X MSR + TR ± reading
of rod Cross
MSR section
different CSD (D/2)
cm LC CSR (z) D A=Ir
Doints cm
cm cm Cm
Cm cm

21 52 0-oS22)s22152
|-972-63
O"o48 2148 a-148 a Iso Cm2

3-63x (o
cm =loxI6
4. Distance thermometers Tjand T,= d=lf..
5. At steady between
state,
,=......36
8,=.......3?.... °C
;= .......42..... °C
6.
94= ...46...... °C min =...309.. .
Time for which water is collected (t) = 5
" 101

\A HARASHTRA ASTATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL

EDUCATION
 Base Selenee PhyseN (2202)

-3
7. Mass of water m-..to6.. gm 466X)9
8. Speeific heat of water-s Ikcal kg°C(Given)
Caleulations:
mxsx(0, -0,)xd
Ax (0 -0, )x1

K= x.X4...!9....
3:6...3.X.3O9.
K

...O:5....... kcal /m°Cs.

NVI Results
Coefficient of thermal conductivity (K) of given material of rod
K=.......:5.7....kcal /mCs(MKS unit)
XVII Interpretation of results
1. Coefficient of thermal conductivity (K) of given material of rod
K=.......O.:S7 kcal /m°Cs.
2. Standard value of coefficient of thermal conductivity (K) of given material of
rod K=...0:99. kcal / mo°Cs.
3. Error in measurement ofK = Standard value- experimental value
{......9g....) - (.0.-52..
=....0.:H: Kcal /m°Cs
XVIIIConclusions andRecommendations

Coeh.hcisn..hmAL...SnduskM.k4.s.k.
.......DAAIísA.....s.ksa.mca

XIX Practical Related Questions

Note: Below given are few sample questions for reference. Teachers must design
more such questions so as toensure the achievement of identifiedCO.
1. Give reasons for covering copper rod by insulating material.
2. Under steady state the temperature ofa body
a) Increases with time
b)Decreases with time
c) Does not change with time and it remain same at all points of the body.
3. Give reasons for the temperatures 1, 2, O; and 04remains
of rod is continued?
steady even if heating
4. State the effect of heat conducted if area of rod is doubled?
5. Is this method is suitable for bad conductor? Give reasons.
6. State the importance of maintaining steady flow during the experiment?
7. Name the mode of heat transfer observed in this
 Basic Seicnee Physics (22102)

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MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION
" 104