* stiffness method

k =

P/8 or M/0

Steps

indeterminancy (DK)
↓
Calculate degree
-

of

2-
Assign co-ordinates

3 -

Find stiffness 28 -
efficient
s
I 2
1111 -1I o",, V

#I 2I
-
"4EI/
L 2

4 -

Find stiffness matrix

K, Kiz Kis
:
K Kiz
Kay k22 k23
K2 : K22
k : K32 K33

5 Calculate FEM
-

"
1

6 -

Calculate P matrix 11/I

11/I
A B

P, ↑, P2 FEM at P taken
supports where moment
=

is
only is

P2 applied .
So, here By is not taken

P3 MFAB =

P, , MFBA +

MFBC =

P2
 7 Calculate rotation from formula
-

OA
k0 = P >0 =-

OB

Note :
Reverse the
sign
of P matrix before calculation .

I -

Final moments

MAB =

MFAB +

2FY2 (IOA + Ob -
3/1)

9 -

Calculate support reaction

18 -

Draw SFD & BMD

A Example 1 : &
Using stiffness draw BMD
-

method
analyse the beam

1 2
180kN 158kN
25kN/m
-
①L
As , 2 m
X
2m
B OB
2m
Y
2m
mmm
3m
Y B
11/11/ 11II

Step 1 Kinematic
indeterminancy
-
-
:

:Dk =

2(0B & Oc

Step & Assign co-ordinate

-
: -

> OB ,
Oc

Step B : Find stiffness co-efficient

-
-

rotation
Apply
3 1 .
unit

② ②

,
>

o
B C

119/1 11 1 1 I
-
I
E

ky =
I + 2 k,2 = I

=
I + I

-
II + k12 0 5EI
=

El .

k 2 EI
=
 3 2
.

Apply unit rotation at C

② ②

o
>
B

119/1
"
!
EI LEI
L
L It

K2 =
I k22
LI It
=
+

=I -
I

4 +

K21 =

0 5EI
.
K22 =
2 .
33EI

Step 4 Stiffness matrix

-

: -

K =

kn Kiz

1221 K22

...[k] =

EI 2 0 . 5

8 5 . 2 33.

Step 5 FEM calculation

-

-
:

MFAB =
-

WHS =

-100x4/8 =
-

50kN -

MFBA = WHS =
100x4/8 =
50kN -

m
 wi& /8
-
-
150 x

MFBC 75 kN
= = -

= m

MFCB = wM/S =
150x4/8 = 75 kN m

MECD =
-we12 -
-
25 X 32
/ 12
=-
18 75 kN.
-
m
2

MFDC = We, =
25 x/12 3
-
18 75
. kN .

Step 8 Calculate [P matrix

-

-
:

[P] = P, P, =

MFBA +

MFBC =

50 -
75
+

( - 75)
P2 =-25kN .

P2 =
MFCD +

MFCD =
75 -

18 75
.
+ (
-

18 .
75)
=
56 25 kN
. .
m

Step 9 Calculate rotation

-
-
:
.

Reverse before calculation

sign

1 [O] =

[P

[]
2 8 5 .
=
25
EI
8 5
. 2 . 33
-
56 25
.

2EIOA +
8 5
.
EIOB
=

25 ①

8 .

5EIOA + 2 .
33 EI0B
= -
56 . 25 ②
 2
EI0 + 8 .
5EI0
=

25 Oc
=
250/8 82
.

⑭ 2
EIOB +

-
9 32 .
El0c =

I
-
225

.. Oc =
28 34
.

& 82
.

EI0 = 250

2 =[0 +

8 .
5(28 34) .
= 25

2 E10 +
14 17
.
=

25

2EIOB =

25 + 14 . 17 OA= -

2
EI0B =

39 .
17 &D =

39
EIOB =
.

1/2

: OB
=
19 58
.

Step 8 :
-
Final moments

MAB =
MFAB +
2EYL [20A +
0D] =
-40 .
21 kNm

MBA =

69 58 kN.
. m

MBC =

69 59. kN MCD -
=
56 53. kN .
m

MCB =
56 . 45 IN MDC = -
8 .
14kN .

m
 Step 0
-

: -

Draw BMD

MAB =

180

MBC =

150

MCD =

28 125
.

150

108

69 5. I

- 56 45
.

2 2

40
.

-
28 125
-
.