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eRAN3.0
Feature Parameter Description
Issue 08
Date 2013-05-20
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eRAN
ANR Management Contents
Contents
1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................1-1
1.1 Scope ............................................................................................................................................ 1-1
1.2 Intended Audience......................................................................................................................... 1-1
1.3 Change History.............................................................................................................................. 1-1
8 X2 Self-Setup..............................................................................................................................8-1
8.1 Overview ....................................................................................................................................... 8-1
8.2 X2 Self-Setup in X2 over S1 Mode ............................................................................................... 8-2
8.3 X2 Self-Setup in X2 over M2000 Mode ......................................................................................... 8-4
8.4 eNodeB Configuration Update Based on X2 Messages ............................................................... 8-6
15 Parameters .............................................................................................................................15-1
16 Counters..................................................................................................................................16-1
17 Glossary ..................................................................................................................................17-1
18 Reference Documents .........................................................................................................18-1
1 Introduction
1.1 Scope
This document describes the Automatic Neighbor Relation (ANR) management feature in terms of
implementation principles, parameter adjustments, feature dependencies, network impact, and
engineering guidelines.
The ANR management feature involves the following optional features:
LOFD-002001 Automatic Neighbour Relation (ANR)
LOFD-002002 Inter-RAT ANR
Any managed objects (MOs), parameters, alarms, or counters described in this document correspond to
the software release delivered with this document. In the event of updates, the updates will be described
in the product documentation delivered with the latest software release.
Document Issues
The document issues are as follows:
08 (2013-05-20)
07 (2013-03-15)
06 (2013-02-27)
05 (2012-12-29)
04 (2012-09-20)
03 (2012-06-30)
02 (2012-05-11)
01 (2012-03-30)
Draft A (2012-01-10)
08 (2013-05-20)
Compared with issue 07 (2013-03-15) of eRAN3.0, issue 08 (2013-05-20) of eRAN3.0 includes the
following changes.
07 (2013-03-15)
Compared with issue 06 (2013-02-27) of eRAN3.0, issue 07 (2013-03-15) of eRAN3.0 includes the
following changes.
06 (2013-02-27)
Compared with issue 05 (2012-12-29) of eRAN3.0, issue 06 (2013-02-27) of eRAN3.0 includes the
following changes.
05 (2012-12-29)
Compared with issue 04 (2012-09-20) of eRAN3.0, issue 05 (2012-12-29) of eRAN3.0 includes the
following changes.
14 "Engineering Guidelines X2
Automatic Management"
Editorial change Moved the license control ID. None
04 (2012-09-20)
Compared with issue 03 (2012-06-30) of eRAN3.0, issue 04 (2012-09-20) of eRAN3.0 includes the
following changes.
03 (2012-06-30)
Compared with issue 02 (2012-05-11) of eRAN3.0, issue 03 (2012-06-30) of eRAN3.0 includes the
following changes.
02 (2012-05-11)
Compared with issue 01 (2012-03-30) of eRAN3.0, issue 02 (2012-05-11) of eRAN3.0 includes the
following changes.
01 (2012-03-30)
This is the first official release.
Compared with draft A (2012-01-10) of eRAN3.0, issue01 (2012-03-30) of eRAN3.0 includes the
following changes.
Draft A (2012-01-10)
Compared with draft A (2011-07-15) of eRAN2.2, draft A (2012-01-10) of eRAN3.0 includes the following
changes.
2 Overview of ANR
2.1 Introduction
Operation and maintenance (OM) of the radio access network has become increasingly complex,
difficult, and costly because of the large number of network elements, the implementation of different
system standards, and the coexistence of different equipment vendors and telecom operators. To
address this situation, the self-organizing network (SON) concept is proposed. The main functions of
SON are self-configuration, self-optimization, and self-healing.
ANR is a self-optimization function. It automatically maintains the integrity and effectiveness of neighbor
cell lists (NCLs) and neighbor relation tables (NRTs) to increase handover success rates and improve
network performance. In addition, ANR does not require manual intervention, which reduces the costs of
network planning and optimization.
Neighbor relations are classified as normal and abnormal. Abnormal neighbor relations exist in the
cases of missing neighboring cells, physical cell identifier (PCI) conflicts, abnormal neighboring cell
coverage, and unstable neighbor relations. ANR automatically detects missing neighboring cells, PCI
conflicts, and abnormal neighboring cell coverage, and maintains neighbor relations.
Based on neighbor relations, ANR is classified into intra-RAT ANR and inter-RAT ANR. Based on the
methods of measuring neighboring cells, ANR is classified into event-triggered ANR and fast ANR (also
known as periodic ANR). RAT is short for radio access technology. Figure 2-1 shows ANR
classifications.
Figure 2-1 ANR classifications
2.2 Benefits
Intra-RAT ANR handles neighbor relations with E-UTRAN cells, while inter-RAT ANR handles neighbor
relations with GERAN, UTRAN, and CDMA2000 cells. Here, UTRAN, E-UTRAN, GERAN, and
CDMA2000 are short for universal terrestrial radio access network, evolved UTRAN, GSM/EDGE radio
access network, and code division multiple access 2000, respectively.
2.3 Architecture
To implement ANR, the eNodeB collaborates with UEs and the M2000.
3.2 NCL
The NCLs of an eNodeB contain information about the external cells of the eNodeB. The external cells of
an eNodeB are provided by base stations other than the eNodeB.
NCLs are classified into intra-RAT NCLs and inter-RAT NCLs. Each eNodeB has one intra-RAT NCL and
multiple inter-RAT NCLs.
The intra-RAT NCL records the ECGIs, PCIs, and E-UTRA absolute radio frequency channel numbers
(EARFCNs) of the external E-UTRAN cells.
The GERAN NCL records the cell IDs, base transceiver station identity codes (BSICs), and ARFCNs
of the external GERAN cells.
The UTRAN NCL records the cell IDs, scrambling codes, and UTRA ARFCNs (UARFCNs) of the
external UTRAN cells.
The CDMA2000 NCL records the cell IDs, frequencies, and PCIs of the external CDMA2000 cells.
NCLs are used as a basis for creating neighbor relations. The eNodeB adds newly detected external
cells to NCLs. External cells can be automatically managed (for example, added, deleted, or modified)
by ANR.
3.3 NRT
The NRTs of a cell contain information about the neighbor relations between a cell and its neighboring
cells. NRTs are classified into intra-RAT NRTs and inter-RAT NRTs. Each cell has one intra-RAT
intra-frequency NRT, one intra-RAT inter-frequency NRT, and multiple inter-RAT NRTs. The intra-RAT
intra-frequency NRT and intra-RAT inter-frequency NRT are referred to as the intra-RAT NRT in this
document.
Table 3-1 shows an example of the NRT. The information in this table is for reference only.
Table 3-1 An example of the NRT
SN LCI Target Cell PLMN eNodeB ID Cell ID Removal Control Handover
Control
1 LCI#1 46001 eNodeB ID#1 Cell ID#1 Prohibited Prohibited
2 LCI#1 46001 eNodeB ID#2 Cell ID#2 Allowed Allowed
3 LCI#1 46001 eNodeB ID#3 Cell ID#3 Prohibited Prohibited
NOTE
For details about the NRT, see section 22.3.2a in 3GPP TS 36.300 V10.3.0 (2011-03). Huawei NRT does not include the
attribute that controls whether to allow X2 setup.
NRT structures are the same for intra- and inter-eNodeB neighbor relations. Intra-eNodeB neighbor relations only exist in
NRTs, not in NCLs.
The NRT in Table 3-1 is an intra-RAT NRT. An inter-RAT NRT differs greatly from an intra-RAT NRT.
The NRT contains the following information, which can be updated automatically or manually:
Local cell identifier (LCI): uniquely identifies the source cell in a neighbor relation. This attribute is
defined by Cell.LocalCellId.
Target cell PLMN: identifies the PLMN of the operator that owns the target cell.
eNodeB ID: identifies the eNodeB that provides the target cell.
Cell ID: identifies the target cell.
Removal control: indicates whether a neighbor relation can be removed from the NRT by ANR. By
default, this attribute is set to allow removal. It can also be set to prohibit removal.
Handover control: indicates whether this neighbor relation can be used for a handover. By default, this
attribute is set to allow handover. It can also be set to prohibit removal.
NRTs can be managed (for example, added, deleted, or modified) automatically by ANR.
NOTE
eRAN3.0 eNodeBs maintain only NRTs, whereas eNodeBs of earlier versions maintain both NRTs and TempNRTs.
3.4 Blacklists
3.4.1 HO Blacklist
An HO blacklist contains the information about neighbor relations that cannot be used for a handover or
removed automatically from the NRT by ANR. The neighbor relations in the HO blacklist must meet the
following conditions:
Removal control = prohibited
Handover control = prohibited
A neighbor relation can be added to the HO blacklist manually. For details, see section 5.2 in 3GPP TS
32.511 V10.0.0 (2011-03).
3.4.2 X2 Blacklist
An X2 blacklist contains information about the neighboring eNodeBs with which the local eNodeB is not
allowed to set up X2 interfaces. If an X2 interface has been set up between the local eNodeB and a
neighboring eNodeB on the X2 blacklist, the interface will be removed automatically.
NOTE
To remove an X2 interface, the eNodeB removes the X2 logical connection but retains the configuration data for the X2
interface. This ensures that the configuration data is not lost due to exceptions such as misoperations.
3.5 Whitelist
3.5.1 HO Whitelist
An HO whitelist contains the information about neighbor relations that can be used for a handover but
cannot be removed automatically from the NRT by ANR. The neighbor relations in the HO whitelist must
meet the following conditions:
Removal control = prohibited
Handover control = allowed
A neighbor relation can be added to the HO whitelist manually. For details, see section 5.2 in 3GPP TS
32.511 V10.0.0 (2011-03).
3.5.2 X2 Whitelist
An X2 whitelist contains information about the neighboring eNodeBs with which the local eNodeB has
set up X2 interfaces. These X2 interfaces cannot be removed automatically.
The coverage of neighboring cells may be abnormal in any of the following scenarios:
The antenna tilt or orientation changes because of improper installation or a natural phenomenon such
as strong wind.
In mountainous terrain, the signals of the umbrella cell cover lower cells.
NOTE
In the preceding table, if an Applicability cell is marked with Yes, the functions mentioned in the Supported Functions
(When the Indicator Is Set to 1) cell have been implemented and successfully tested on the eNodeB.
4 Intra-RAT ANR
4.1 Overview
This chapter describes the optional feature LOFD-002001 Automatic Neighbour Relation (ANR).
Intra-RAT ANR is classified into intra-RAT event-triggered ANR and intra-RAT fast ANR. Intra-RAT
event-triggered ANR detects missing neighboring cells by using event-triggered UE measurements or
UE history information. In addition, it detects abnormal neighboring cell coverage and maintains
neighbor relations. For details, see section 4.2 "Intra-RAT Event-triggered ANR".
Based on the reporting of periodic UE measurements, intra-RAT fast ANR obtains information about all
possible intra-RAT neighboring cells before a handover is performed. This reduces the negative effects
of event-triggered UE measurements on handover performance. For details, see section 4.3 "Intra-RAT
Fast ANR."
Figure 4-1 shows how the eNodeB detects cell B by using event-triggered UE measurements.
Figure 4-1 Procedure for detecting a missing intra-RAT neighboring cell by using event-triggered UE
measurements
The maximum time that a UE can spend on ECGI reading is controlled by timer T321. The following table defines T321 as
quoted directly from section 7.3 in 3GPP TS 36.331 V10.1.0 (2011-03).
NOTE
UE history information consists of information about all the cells that have provided services for the UE. Defined in section
9.2.1.42 of 3GPP TS 36.413 V10.1.0 (2011-03) and section 9.2.38 of 3GPP TS 36.423 V10.1.0 (2011-03), this information
includes:
ECGI of the last visited cell
Type of the last visited cell
Duration of the UE for camping on the cell
Figure 4-2 Procedure for detecting a missing neighboring cell based on UE history information
2. The target eNodeB obtains the UE history information from the message. The target eNodeB checks
whether the ECGI of the last visited cell (in this case, cell A, the source cell) is in the NCL of the target
eNodeB and then proceeds as follows:
If the ECGI is in the NCL but is not in the NRT, the target eNodeB adds the neighbor relation to the
NRT and the procedure ends.
If the ECGI is not in the NCL, the target eNodeB reports the ECGI of cell A to the M2000. The
procedure goes to step 3.
3. The M2000 queries the PCI, TAC, and PLMN ID list of cell A based on the reported ECGI and sends
the parameters to the target eNodeB.
4. The target eNodeB adds cell A to its intra-RAT NCL.
NOTE
eRAN3.0 eNodeBs do not manage TempNRTs. Therefore, upon detecting a missing neighboring cell by using
event-triggered UE measurements or using UE history information, an eRAN3.0 eNodeB adds this neighbor relation
directly to the NRT. For details about how NRTs are maintained, see section 4.2.2 "Automatic Maintenance of NCLs and
NRTs."
NOTE
During intra-RAT neighbor relation addition through ANR, attributes that cannot be obtained through measurement reports
or UE history information use default values.
NOTE
The algorithm for automatically detecting abnormal neighboring cell coverage requires that the longitudes and latitudes of
the associated eNodeBs and sectors be accurately set and that the settings have taken effect. If the longitudes and
latitudes are not set or the settings do not meet the requirement, the detection results may not be accurate.
----End
Process
Figure 4-3 shows an intra-RAT fast ANR process.
Figure 4-3 Intra-RAT fast ANR process
CGI reading
This process impacts all fast ANR processes. To read the CGI of an unknown cell, the UE needs to
listen to system information block type 1 (SIB1) of the unknown cell to obtain the PLMN ID, CGI, and
TAC of the cell. After obtaining this information, the UE must report it to the local eNodeB. The reading
and reporting processes decrease UE throughput.
In conclusion, fast ANR impacts system performance as follows:
With respect to intra-frequency fast ANR, periodical PCI reporting does not impact system
performance, whereas CGI reading interrupts UE services.
With respect to inter-frequency and inter-RAT fast ANR, periodical PCI reporting impacts UE
throughput, and CGI reading interrupts UE services.
NOTE
For details about the process in which a UE reads the ECGI of a neighboring cell, see "Detecting Missing Neighboring
Cells by Using Event-triggered UE Measurements" in section 4.2.1 "Automatic Detection of Missing Neighboring Cells."
5 Inter-RAT ANR
5.1 Overview
This chapter describes the optional feature LOFD-002002 Inter-RAT ANR.
Inter-RAT ANR is classified into inter-RAT event-triggered ANR and inter-RAT fast ANR.
Inter-RAT event-triggered ANR automatically detects missing neighboring inter-RAT cells by means of
event-triggered UE measurements. Inter-RAT fast ANR automatically detects missing neighboring cells
by instructing UEs to perform periodic measurements. Inter-RAT fast ANR enables eNodeBs to collect
neighboring cell information before handovers. This, to some degree, protects handover performance
from the adverse effects of inter-RAT event-triggered ANR measurements by UEs during handovers.
NOTE
Information about neighboring CDMA cells can be collected only by inter-RAT fast ANR. CDMA cells include CDMA2000
High Rate Packet Data (HRPD) cells and CDMA2000 1x Radio Transmission Technology (CDMA2000 1xRTT) cells.
Inter-RAT ANR does not check for PCI conflicts and abnormal neighboring cell coverage because of the following
reasons:
The E-UTRAN has only a small number of standardized interfaces with other RATs.
It is complex for the E-UTRAN to detect anomalies in other RATs.
Figure 5-1 Procedure for detecting a missing inter-RAT neighboring cell by using event-triggered UE
measurements
The source eNodeB adds the newly detected neighboring cell to its inter-RAT NCL and adds the
neighbor relation to the inter-RAT NRT.
NOTE
control flag set to allow removal have never been measured as the target cell of these handovers. In
this case, the eNodeB randomly removes a neighboring cell in this group from the NRT.
NOTE
Automatic removal of neighbor relations with CDMA2000 is not yet a requirement; therefore, it is not implemented in
eRAN3.0.
The upper limit on the number of concurrent UEs involved in fast ANR measurements is specified by
the ANR.FastAnrInterRatMeasUeNum parameter in inter-RAT fast ANR and by the
ANR.FastAnrIntraRatMeasUeNum parameter in intra-RAT fast ANR.
The upper limit on the total number of concurrent UEs involved in fast ANR measurements is specified
by the ANR.FastAnrInterRatUeNumThd parameter in inter-RAT fast ANR and by the
ANR.FastAnrIntraRatUeNumThd parameter in intra-RAT fast ANR.
Inter-RAT fast ANR has the same impact on network performance as intra-RAT fast ANR. For details,
see section 4.3 "Intra-RAT Fast ANR."
NOTE
eRAN3.0 does not support ANR with shared UTRAN or GERAN cells.
Figure 6-1 Procedure for detecting a missing neighboring cell based on UE history information
NOTE
If serving cells and neighboring cells are not managed by the same the NMS, the PLMN round function and ANR functions
are mutually exclusive when ENodeBSharingMode.EnodeBSharingMode is set to SHARED_FREQ.
For details, see Mobility Management in Connected Mode Feature Parameter Description.
If ANR is activated, neighbor relations are added or removed automatically.
Step 4 Set both Deletion Prohibited and Handover Prohibited to TRUE in the displayed Set dialog
box.
----End
NOTE
To remove an X2 interface, the eNodeB removes the X2 logical connection but retains the configuration data for the X2
interface. This ensures that the configuration data is not lost due to exceptions such as misoperations.
X2 blacklists can be configured as required by operators. For example, X2 setup between different base
station models is prohibited.
To configure an X2 blacklist, perform the following steps:
Step 1 Log in to the M2000.
Step 2 Choose Configuration > LTE Self Optimization > ANR Management.
Step 3 Click the X2 Management tab on the ANR Management tab page.
----End
Step 3 Click the X2 Management tab on the ANR Management tab page.
----End
8 X2 Self-Setup
8.1 Overview
This chapter describes the principles of X2 self-setup, which is implemented by the optional feature
LOFD-002004 Self-configuration.
In E-UTRAN, X2 interfaces exist between neighboring eNodeBs. The X2 interfaces allow some
messages to be directly exchanged between neighboring eNodeBs, which meets the requirements of a
flat LTE network architecture.
An X2 interface can be set up in either link configuration mode or end point configuration mode.
Figure 8-1 shows the classifications of X2 setup modes.
Figure 8-1 X2 setup modes
If X2eNodeB is not manually configured, the eNodeB can set up an X2 interface in X2 over S1 or X2
over M2000 mode. The mode is specified by the GlobalProcSwitch.X2SonLinkSetupType
parameter.
Both self-setup modes require that neighboring cell information be configured and that the X2
self-setup switch (specified by the GlobalProcSwitch.X2SonSetupSwitch parameter) be set to
ON(On). After a handover is triggered, the source eNodeB and target eNodeB can obtain the
configuration information about each other. Based on the information, the X2 interface between the
two eNodeBs is automatically set up.
NOTE
X2 self-setup reduces configuration operations by users. Users need only to configure the local IP addresses of each
eNodeB. An eNodeB automatically obtains the IP addresses of the peer eNodeB and sets up an X2 interface to the peer
eNodeB. This document describes two X2 self-setup modes: X2 over S1 and X2 over M2000. For details about other
modes, see S1/X2/OM Channel Management Feature Parameter Description, which also includes descriptions about X2
self-setup in IPSec-enabled scenarios.
When ENodeBSharingMode.ENodeBSharingMode is set to SHARED_FREQ, the neighboring eNodeB PLMN over the
X2 interface is the primary operator PLMN of the neighboring eNodeB.
When ENodeBSharingMode.ENodeBSharingMode is set to SEPARATED_FREQ, the neighboring eNodeB PLMN over
the X2 interface is the same as the PLMN when ENodeBSharingMode.ENodeBSharingMode is set to INDEPENDENT.
3. The MME sends an MME Configuration Transfer message to the target eNodeB. This message
contains information about the source eNodeB. (For details about contents in the message, see
3GPP TS 36.413.)
4. After receiving the control-plane and user-plane IP addresses of the source eNodeB, the target
eNodeB uses these IP addresses and its own control-plane and user-plane IP addresses to
configure an X2eNodeB MO and sets up control-plane and user-plane bearers for the X2 interface.
Then, the target eNodeB responds to the MME with an eNodeB Configuration Transfer message,
which contains the control-plane and user-plane IP addresses of the target eNodeB.
5. The MME sends an MME Configuration Transfer message to the source eNodeB. This message
contains the control-plane and user-plane IP addresses of the target eNodeB.
6. After receiving the control-plane and user-plane IP addresses of the target eNodeB, the source
eNodeB uses these IP addresses and its own control-plane and user-plane IP addresses to
configure an X2eNodeB MO and sets up control-plane and user-plane bearers for the X2 interface.
7. When signaling exchange over the S1 interface is complete, an eNodeB sends an X2 setup request
to the peer eNodeB and the peer eNodeB responds to the request. An X2 interface is automatically
set up. Note that before receiving an X2 Setup Request message, both the source eNodeB and the
target eNodeB can send the X2 Setup Request message to and receive the X2 Setup Response
message from the peer end.
8. If a handover between the two eNodeBs is triggered after the X2 setup, the handover will be
performed through the X2 interface.
NOTE
In RAN sharing with dedicated carriers mode, control-plane and user-plane IP addresses are configured separately for
each operator, and therefore X2Interface and X2eNodeB MOs must also be separately configured for each operator.
In RAN sharing with common carriers mode, only one X2Interface MO needs to be configured, corresponding to the
primary operator. If the primary and secondary operators share user-plane IP addresses, only one X2eNodeB MO needs
to be configured. If the primary and secondary operators use different user-plane IP addresses, one X2eNodeB MO must
be configured for each operator.
5. The source and target eNodeBs set up an SCTP link between them. The control plane on the X2
interface is set up. Note that before receiving an X2 Setup Request message, both the source
eNodeB and the target eNodeB can send the X2 Setup Request message to and receive the X2
Setup Response message from the peer end.
6. After an X2-based handover is triggered, the source and target eNodeBs set up an IP path between
them. The user plane on the X2 interface is set up.
NOTE
The X2 over M2000 mode can be used only if the source and target eNodeBs are managed by the same M2000.
1. After receiving an X2 Setup Request message from eNodeB 1, eNodeB 2 adds all cells under
eNodeB 1 to the NCL of eNodeB 2 if GlobalProcSwitch.X2BasedUptENodeBCfgSwitch is set to
ON for eNodeB 2.
2. eNodeB 2 responds with an X2 Setup Response message. After receiving this message, eNodeB 1
adds all cells under eNodeB 2 to the NCL of eNodeB 1 if
GlobalProcSwitch.X2BasedUptENodeBCfgSwitch is set to ON for eNodeB 1.
After the configuration of an eNodeB is updated, the configuration is updated in the peer eNodeB, as
outlined in Figure 8-5.
Figure 8-5 eNodeB configuration update
1. When the local cell or neighboring cell configuration changes in eNodeB 1, eNodeB 1 sends an
eNodeB Configuration Update message to eNodeB 2.
9 Related Features
9.1 Intra-RAT ANR
9.1.1 Required Features
None
9.3 X2 Self-Setup
9.3.1 Required Features
None
10.4 X2 Self-Setup
10.4.1 Impact on System Capacity
X2 self-setup has no impact on system capacity.
(Optional) The following table describes the parameters that must be set in the X2BlackWhiteList MO
to configure an X2 blacklist. Configure this MO based on operator requirements.
11.5.4 Precautions
None
For descriptions of the user-defined template and summary data file and also the detailed procedure for
configuring eNodeBs in batches, see eNodeB Initial Configuration Guide.
A user-defined template is recommended. The following table lists the recommended distribution of the
parameters in the template.
Signaling Tracing
Start a Uu interface tracing task on the M2000 client. Remove the configurations of some neighbor
relations so that there are missing neighboring cells within the network. If a UE reports an ECGI during
an intra-RAT handover according to the traced signaling, intra-RAT ANR has been activated.
Figure 11-1 Uu tracing result during activation observation for intra-RAT ANR
----End
MML Commands
The procedure for activation observation using MML commands is as follows:
Step 1 Run the LST EUTRANINTRAFREQNCELL command and the LST
EUTRANINTERFREQNCELL command to list parameters of neighbor relations with intra- and
inter-frequency E-UTRAN cells, respectively.
Step 2 In the command outputs, check the value of ANR flag.
If ANR flag is True, the intra-RAT neighbor relation is configured by ANR.
If ANR flag is False, the intra-RAT neighbor relation is manually configured.
----End
11.5.8 Reconfiguration
None
11.5.9 Deactivation
Step 1 Run the MOD ENODEBALGOSWITCH command to disable intra-RAT ANR.
Step 2 (Optional) Run the RMV X2BLACKWHITELIST command to remove an X2 blacklist or whitelist.
----End
11.6 Monitoring
The current eRAN version has no performance counter related to intra-RAT ANR. Using intra-RAT ANR
decreases the probability that the configurations of neighboring cells are missing or incorrect, thereby
increasing the intra-RAT handover success rate and decreasing the service drop rate. To monitor the
performance of intra-RAT ANR, you can check the performance counters related to handovers and
service drops.
ANR delete cell ANR.DelCellThd This parameter specifies the handover success rate threshold,
threshold which is used in the evaluation for removing a neighbor relation
from the intra-RAT NRT based on the handover success rate. A
larger parameter value results in a higher probability of removing a
neighbor relation from this NRT.
The default value is 0 so that it is difficult to remove a neighbor
relation.
Least Handover ANR.NcellHoStatN This parameter specifies the threshold for the number of handovers
Num for Statistic um to neighboring cells, which is used in the evaluation for removing a
neighbor relation from the intra-RAT NRT based on the handover
success rate. A larger parameter value results in more stable
neighbor relations in the intra-RAT NRT; however, updates to this
NRT take longer. If only a small number of UEs are involved in
periodic measurements on the live network, reduce this parameter
value to accelerate NRT updates.
Statistic cycle ANR.StatisticPerio This parameter specifies the measurement period, which is used in
d the evaluation for removing a neighbor relation from the intra-RAT
NRT based on the handover success rate. At the end of this period,
the eNodeB automatically analyzes neighbor relations. A larger
parameter value may result in more UE handover requests;
however, updates to the intra-RAT NRT take longer. Tune this
parameter based on the total number of daily handover requests on
the live network. If many UEs are involved in periodic
measurements, reduce this parameter value to accelerate NRT
updates.
Statistic Number ANR.StatisticNum This parameter specifies the threshold for the number of handovers
For Delete NRT ForNRTDel to neighboring cells, which is used in the evaluation for removing a
neighbor relation from the intra-RAT NRT based on the outgoing
handovers. It is used in the automatic analysis of neighbor
relations. A larger parameter value results in more stable neighbor
relations in the intra-RAT NRT; however, updates to this NRT take
longer. If only a small number of UEs are involved in periodic
measurements on the live network, reduce this parameter value to
accelerate NRT updates.
Statistic Cycle ANR.StatisticPerio This parameter specifies the measurement period, which is used in
For Delete NRT dForNRTDel the evaluation for removing a neighbor relation from the intra-RAT
NRT based on the outgoing handovers. At the end of this period,
the eNodeB automatically analyzes neighbor relations. A larger
parameter value may result in more UE handover requests;
however, updates to the intra-RAT NRT take longer. Tune this
parameter based on the total number of daily handover requests on
the live network. If many UEs are involved in periodic
measurements, reduce this parameter value to accelerate NRT
updates.
Fast ANR PCI ANR.FastAnrRprt This parameter specifies the maximum number of periodic
report amount Amount measurement reports sent by a UE during each ANR procedure. It
implies the total measurement amount.
If only a small number of UEs are involved in periodic
measurements, increase this parameter value. Otherwise, reduce
it.
If services on most of the UEs have relatively high QoS class
identifiers (QCIs), reduce this parameter value to ensure service
quality and reduce power consumption of the UEs.
Fast ANR PCI ANR.FastAnrRprtI This parameter specifies the interval at which a UE sends periodic
report interval nterval measurement reports. A larger parameter value results in a shorter
interval. Tune this parameter based on the moving speed of most
UEs involved. If most of the UEs move quickly through a constantly
changing set of neighboring cells, reduce the parameter value to
shorten this interval. Otherwise, increase it.
Fast ANR ANR.FastAnrChec This parameter specifies the interval at which the eNodeB checks
checking period kPeriod whether the total number of UEs involved in periodic
measurements reaches the upper limit. If only a few UEs
participate in fast ANR, increase this parameter value. Otherwise,
reduce it.
If services on most of the UEs have relatively high QoS class
identifiers (QCIs), reduce this parameter value to ensure service
quality and reduce power consumption of the UEs.
Fast ANR ANR.FastAnrRsrp This parameter specifies the RSRP requirement for adding a
measurement Thd neighboring cell to the NCL. A larger parameter value results in a
RSRP threshold higher RSRP requirement; therefore the neighboring cells in the
NCL have higher signal quality. In urban areas with densely
distributed cells, increase this parameter value to ensure that only
high-quality neighboring cells are added to the NCL. In contrast, in
sparsely populated areas, reduce the parameter value to add to the
NCL the neighboring cells that cover the partial cell edge with low
RSRP values.
IntraRat Fast ANR.FastAnrIntra This parameter specifies the maximum number of UEs that are
ANR RatMeasUeNum concurrently involved in intra-RAT periodic measurements. A larger
measurement parameter value results in more UEs that can concurrently perform
UE number periodic measurements. In this situation, neighboring cells can be
quickly detected. However, this affects the service quality for these
UEs and the uplink throughput of the network.
IntraRat Fast ANR.FastAnrIntra This parameter specifies the upper limit for the total number of UEs
ANR valid RatUeNumThd involved in intra-RAT periodic measurements. A larger parameter
measurement value results in more UEs that are involved in intra-RAT periodic
min UE number measurements. In this situation, the UEs involved can be
distributed more randomly throughout the network, reducing the
risk of the likelihood of missing neighboring cells. However, a large
parameter value affects the service quality for these UEs and the
uplink throughput of the network.
Optimization ANR.OptMode This parameter specifies the mode for optimizing neighbor
Mode relations. If users require ANR to automatically optimize neighbor
relations, set this parameter to FREE(FREE). If users require
manual confirmation on the M2000 before neighbor relations are
optimized, set this parameter to CONTROLLED(CONTROLLED).
ter Optimization
None
11.8 Troubleshooting
Fault Description
An intra- or inter-frequency handover fails.
Fault Handling
Perform the following steps to check whether this handover failure is caused by an incorrect ANR
configuration:
Step 1 Start a Uu interface tracing task on the M2000 client, and check whether the eNodeB has
delivered a handover command. A handover command is delivered if the RRC_CONN_RECFG
message contains the IE mobilityControlInfo.
Step 3 Check whether the switch for intra-RAT event-triggered ANR has been turned on.
If the switch has not been turned on, turn on the switch.
If the switch has been turned on, contact Huawei engineers.
Step 4 Check whether the UE supports intra-RAT ANR by referring to section 3.7 "ANR Capabilities of
UEs." Intra-RAT neighbor relations can be automatically found only if the UE supports intra-RAT
ANR.
If the UE supports intra-RAT ANR, the handover failure is not caused by incorrect ANR configuration.
Contact Huawei engineers.
The following table describes the parameter that must be set in the DRX MO to configure the long DRX
cycle that is specific for inter-RAT ANR.
12.5.4 Precautions
None
In the Object Group pane, find MOs in the navigation tree. This method applies to users who are
familiar with the navigation tree.
In the Search pane, search for an MO. This method applies to users who are unfamiliar with the
navigation tree.
For descriptions of the user-defined template and summary data file and also the detailed procedure for
configuring eNodeBs in batches, see eNodeB Initial Configuration Guide.
A user-defined template is required. The following table lists the recommended distribution of the
parameters in the template.
12.5.8 Reconfiguration
None
12.5.9 Deactivation
Run the MOD ENODEBALGOSWITCH command to disable inter-RAT ANR.
Monitoring
The current eRAN version has no performance counter related to inter-RAT ANR. Using inter-RAT ANR
decreases the probability that the configurations of neighboring cells are missing or incorrect, thereby
increasing the inter-RAT handover success rate and decreasing the service drop rate. To monitor the
performance of inter-RAT ANR, you can check the performance counters related to handovers and
service drops.
Parameter Optimization
The parameters that may require modification after inter-RAT ANR is used are almost the same as those
after intra-RAT ANR is used. The following table describes only the parameters that differ from those
used for intra-RAT ANR and are specifically used for inter-RAT ANR.
InterRat Fast ANR.FastAnrInterR This parameter specifies the maximum number of UEs that are
ANR atMeasUeNum concurrently involved in inter-RAT periodic measurements. A
measurement larger parameter value indicates that more UEs can concurrently
UE number perform periodic measurements. In this situation, neighboring
cells can be quickly detected. However, this affects the service
quality for these UEs and the uplink throughput of the network.
InterRat Fast ANR.FastAnrInterR This parameter specifies the upper limit for the total number of
ANR valid atUeNumThd UEs involved in inter-RAT periodic measurements. A larger
measurement parameter value results in more UEs being involved in inter-RAT
min UE number periodic measurements. In this situation, the UEs involved can be
distributed more randomly throughout the network, reducing the
risk of the likelihood of missing neighboring cells. However, this
affects the service quality for these UEs and the uplink throughput
of the network.
UTRAN Fast ANR.FastAnrRscpT This parameter specifies the RSCP requirement for adding a
ANR RSCP hd neighboring cell to the NCL. A larger parameter value results in a
threshold higher RSCP requirement; therefore the neighboring cells in the
NCL have higher signal quality. In urban areas with densely
distributed cells, increase this parameter value to ensure that only
neighboring cells with high signal quality are added to the NCL. In
contrast, in sparsely populated areas, reduce this parameter
value to add as many neighboring cells as possible to the NCL.
GERAN Fast ANR.FastAnrRssiT This parameter specifies the received signal strength indicator
ANR RSSI hd (RSSI) requirement for adding a neighboring cell to the NCL. A
threshold larger parameter value results in a higher RSSI requirement;
therefore the neighboring cells in the NCL have higher signal
quality. In urban areas with densely distributed cells, increase this
parameter value to ensure that only neighboring cells with high
signal quality are added to the NCL. In contrast, in sparsely
populated areas, reduce this parameter value to add as many
neighboring cells as possible to the NCL.
12.7 Troubleshooting
Fault Description
A coverage-based handover from E-UTRAN to UTRAN fails.
Fault Handling
Perform the following steps to check whether this handover failure is caused by an incorrect ANR
configuration:
Step 1 Start a Uu interface tracing task on the M2000 client, and check whether the eNodeB has
delivered a handover command. A handover command is delivered if the
RRC_MOBIL_FROM_EUTRA_CMD message contains the IE mobilityFromEUTRACommand.
If the eNodeB has not delivered the handover command, go to step 2.
If the eNodeB has delivered the handover command, contact Huawei engineers.
Step 2 Run the LST UTRANEXTERNALCELL command to check whether external cells have been
configured. Run the LST UTRANNCELL command to check whether the neighbor relations with
UTRAN have been configured.
If they have not been configured, go to step 3.
If they have been configured, contact Huawei engineers.
NOTE
In RAN sharing with common carriers mode, if the UE is subscribed to a secondary operator, you also need to check
whether the PLMN ID has been configured for the secondary operator. If no PLMN ID has been configured for the
secondary operator, configure one PLMN ID for the secondary operator.
Step 3 Check whether the switch for event-triggered ANR with UTRAN has been turned on.
If the switch has not been turned on, turn on the switch.
13.5.4 Precautions
None
For descriptions of the user-defined template and summary data file and also the detailed procedure for
configuring eNodeBs in batches, see eNodeB Initial Configuration Guide.
A user-defined template is recommended. The following table lists the recommended distribution of the
parameters in the template.
13.5.8 Reconfiguration
None
13.5.9 Deactivation
Run the MOD ENODEBALGOSWITCH command to disable ANR with shared cells.
Monitoring
The current eRAN version has no performance counter related to ANR in sharing mode. Using ANR with
shared cells decreases the probability that the configurations of neighboring cells are missing or
incorrect, thereby increasing the intra-RAT handover success rate and decreasing the service drop rate.
To monitor the performance of ANR with shared cells, you can check the performance counters related
to handovers and service drops.
Parameter Optimization
None
13.7 Troubleshooting
Fault Description
In RAN sharing mode, the UE subscribed to a secondary operator fails in an intra-RAT handover.
Fault Handling
Perform the following steps to check whether this handover failure is caused by an incorrect ANR
configuration:
Step 1 Start a Uu interface tracing task on the M2000 client, and check whether the eNodeB has
delivered a handover command. A handover command is delivered if the RRC_CONN_RECFG
message contains the IE mobilityControlInfo.
If the eNodeB has not delivered the handover command, go to step 2.
If the eNodeB has delivered the handover command, contact Huawei engineers.
Step 2 Run the following commands to check whether external cells, intra-frequency neighbor relations,
inter-frequency neighbor relations, and the PLMN list of external cells have been configured:
LST EUTRANEXTERNALCELL, LST EUTRANINTRAFREQNCELL, LST
EUTRANINTERFREQNCELL, and LST EUTRANEXTERNALCELLPLMN.
If they have not been configured, go to step 3.
If they have been configured, contact Huawei engineers.
Step 3 Check whether the switch for intra-RAT event-triggered ANR and that for RAN sharing
supporting by neighboring eNodeBs have been turned on.
If any of the switches has not been turned on, turn on the switch.
If the switches have been turned on, go to step 4.
Step 4 Check whether the UE supports intra-RAT ANR by referring to section 3.7 "ANR Capabilities of
UEs."
If the UE supports intra-RAT ANR, contact Huawei engineers.
If the UE does not support intra-RAT ANR, no further action is required.
----End
14.5.4 Precautions
None
Signaling Tracing
Signaling tracing can be used to check whether X2 self-setup in X2 over S1 mode has been activated.
Start an S1 interface tracing task on the M2000 client. If information about the source and target
eNodeBs (such as the PLMN IDs, eNodeB IDs, and IP addresses) is exchanged over the S1 interface,
then the self-setup has been activated. Figure 14-1 shows an example of S1 interface tracing related to
X2 self-setup.
----End
14.5.8 Reconfiguration
None
14.5.9 Deactivation
Run the MOD GLOBALPROCSWITCH command to deactivate X2 self-setup.
14.6 Monitoring
The performance of X2 self-setup and X2-based handover can be monitored using counters, SON logs,
and alarms.
Counters
The following table lists the counters related to the X2 setup success rates and percentage of X2-based
handovers.
NOTE
For the detailed definitions of the counters, see eNodeB Performance Counter Reference.
SON Logs
The X2 control- and user-plane bearer self-setup events are automatically recorded in SON logs. The
SON logs can be exported using the M2000. The recorded information includes the setup time, the
PLMN IDs and eNodeB IDs of the local and peer eNodeBs, the link number of the peer eNodeB, and the
IP addresses of the peer eNodeB. If the X2 self-setup fails, the cause value is recorded in SON logs for
further analysis.
The following table lists the common cause values and solutions to setup failures.
Alarms
The following table lists the alarms related to X2 interfaces. For details about the alarms, see eNodeB
Alarm Reference.
The following part in this section describes how to use the counters, SON logs, and alarms to monitor
the performance of X2 self-setup and X2-based handovers.
Analyzing Causes for X2 Self-Setup Failures
Step 1 Monitor the X2 self-setup success rates based on counters.
Export counters whose IDs are 1526727202, 1526727204, 1526727203, and 1526727205. Calculate
the X2 setup success rates as follows:
X2 setup success rate at the local eNodeB = L.Sig.X2.SendSetup.Succ/L.Sig.X2.SendSetup.Att x
100%
X2 setup success rate at the peer eNodeB = L.Sig.X2.RecvSetup.Succ/L.Sig.X2.RecvSetup.Att x
100%
Based on the X2 setup success rates at the local eNodeB and peer eNodeB, identify the top N eNodeBs
with low X2 setup success rates for further analysis.
Step 2 Run the LST GLOBALPROCSWITCH command to check the settings of the X2 self-setup
switch and self-setup mode.
Step 3 Check the configurations of the control-plane and user-plane IP addresses.
1. Run the LST X2SIGIP command to check the control-plane IP address configuration of the local
eNodeB. Note that if the X2 over S1 mode is used, the default port numbers must be used. The
number of the port where the control-plane IP address is configured must be 36422.
2. Run the LST X2SERVIP command to check the user-plane IP address configuration of the local
eNodeB.
Step 4 Check whether alarms related to X2 interfaces are generated for the top N eNodeBs. If related
alarms are generated, clear the alarms.
Step 5 On the M2000, export X2 self-setup SON logs for the top N eNodeBs. For details about how to
export SON logs, see section 14.5.7 "Activation Observation."
The Event Source Object field records the MCC, MNC, and ID of the local eNodeB and can be used
to filter the logs for the top N eNodeBs.
The Event Description field records information such as MCC, MNC, ID, and IP address of the peer
eNodeB and can be used to identify the peer eNodeB.
The Result field records whether the X2 control plane or user plane has been successfully set up.
Filter for failure records for further analysis.
The Failure Cause field records the causes. Figure 14-3 shows an example of the SON logs.
----End
The total number of outgoing handovers from the source eNodeB to the target eNodeB is the sum of X, Y,
Z, and W.
Step 5 Based on the X2 interface configuration information obtained in Step 3, analyze the results
obtained in Step 4.
If an X2 interface has been set up between the source eNodeB and a target eNodeB but none or a
small number of handovers are performed over the X2 interface, the priority of the X2 interface is low.
When the number of configured X2 interfaces has reached the maximum, the low-priority X2 interface
can be removed for the setup of another X2 interface.
If an X2 interface has not been set up between the source eNodeB and a target eNodeB but a large
number of handovers are performed from the source eNodeB to this target eNodeB, an X2 interface
needs to be set up between the two eNodeBs. You can remove a low-priority X2 interface to ensure
that an X2 interface can be set up between these two eNodeBs.
----End
14.8 Troubleshooting
None
15 Parameters
Table 15-1 Parameter description
MO Parameter ID MML Feature Feature Description
Command ID Name
ANR DelCellThd MOD ANR LOFD-002 Automati Meaning:Indicates the threshold for
001 / c removing a neighbor relationship
LST ANR TDLOFD- Neighbou with a cell by ANR based on the
002001 r Relation handover success rate. The
(ANR) threshold is the percentage of the
number of successful handovers to
the total number of handovers from
the local cell to the neighboring cell.
For example, an external cell is
configured as a neighboring cell for
all cells under an eNodeB, and this
neighboring cell permits automatic
removal of the neighboring
relationship by ANR. If the success
rate of handovers from each cell
under the eNodeB to this
neighboring cell is lower than or
equal to this threshold after a
measurement period, the
corresponding external cell and the
neighbor relationship with this cell
are automatically removed.
GUI Value Range:0~100
Unit:%
Actual Value Range:0~100
Default Value:0
ANR FastAnrCdma1xr MOD ANR LOFD-002 Automati Meaning:Indicates the pilot strength
ttPilotThd 001 / c threshold for fast ANR with
LST ANR TDLOFD- Neighbou CDMA2000 1xRTT. If the signal
002001 r Relation quality in a neighboring CDMA2000
(ANR) 1xRTT cell reported by the UE is
LOFD-002 lower than the threshold, the cell is
002 / Inter-RAT not automatically added as an
TDLOFD- ANR external cell of the eNodeB.
002002
GUI Value Range:-63~0
Unit:0.5dB
Actual Value Range:-31.5~0,
step:0.5
Default Value:-30
ANR FastAnrCdmahrp MOD ANR LOFD-002 Automati Meaning:Indicates the pilot strength
dPilotThd 001 / c threshold for fast ANR with
LST ANR TDLOFD- Neighbou CDMA2000 HRPD. If the signal
002001 r Relation quality in a neighboring CDMA2000
(ANR) HRPD cell reported by the UE is
LOFD-002 lower than the threshold, the cell is
002 / Inter-RAT not automatically added as an
TDLOFD- ANR external cell of the eNodeB.
002002
GUI Value Range:-63~0
Unit:0.5dB
Actual Value Range:-31.5~0,
step:0.5
Default Value:-16
ANR FastAnrCheckPe MOD ANR LOFD-002 Automati Meaning:Indicates the fast ANR
riod 001 / c checking timer. When the timer is
LST ANR TDLOFD- Neighbou expired, the eNodeB automatically
002001 r Relation checks whether to disable fast ANR.
(ANR)
LOFD-002 GUI Value Range:1~10080
002 / Inter-RAT
TDLOFD- ANR Unit:min
002002 Actual Value Range:1~10080
Default Value:60
Cell LocalCellId ACT CELL None None Meaning:Indicates the local ID of the
cell. It uniquely identifies a cell within
ADD CELL a BS.
BLK CELL GUI Value Range:0~17
DEA CELL Unit:None
DSP CELL Actual Value Range:0~17
LST CELL Default Value:None
MOD CELL
RMV CELL
STR
CELLRFLOOP
BACK
STR
CELLSELFTES
T
Drx LongDRXCyclef MOD DRX LBFD-002 DRX Meaning:Indicates the long DRX
orIRatAnr 017 / cycle for inter-RAT ANR. If inter-RAT
LST DRX TDLBFD-0 ANR is enabled, this parameter is
02017 valid regardless of whether DRX is
enabled.
GUI Value Range:SF128(128
subframes), SF160(160 subframes),
SF256(256 subframes), SF320(320
subframes), SF512(512 subframes),
SF640(640 subframes),
SF1024(1024 subframes),
SF1280(1280 subframes),
SF2048(2048 subframes),
SF2560(2560 subframes)
Unit:subframe
Actual Value Range:SF128, SF160,
SF256, SF320, SF512, SF640,
SF1024, SF1280, SF2048, SF2560
Default Value:SF1280(1280
subframes)
ANR NcellHoStatNum MOD ANR LOFD-002 Automati Meaning:Indicates the threshold for
001 / c the total number of handovers to an
LST ANR TDLOFD- Neighbou intra-RAT neighboring cell, above
002001 r Relation which ANR begins to evaluate the
(ANR) removal of the neighboring relation
in the case of a low handover
success rate.
GUI Value Range:1~10000
Unit:None
Actual Value Range:1~10000
Default Value:200
ANR OptMode MOD ANR LOFD-002 Automati Meaning:Indicates the mode for
001 / c optimizing neighboring relations. If
LST ANR TDLOFD- Neighbou this parameter is set to FREE,
002001 r Relation neighboring relations are optimized
(ANR) automatically by ANR. If this
parameter is set to CONTROLLED,
neighboring relations to be added or
removed are reported to the M2000
and then subject to manual
processing for optimization.
GUI Value Range:FREE(FREE),
CONTROLLED(CONTROLLED)
Unit:None
Actual Value Range:FREE,
CONTROLLED
Default Value:FREE(FREE)
ANR StatisticPeriod MOD ANR LOFD-002 Automati Meaning:Indicates the period during
001 / c which the total number of handovers
LST ANR TDLOFD- Neighbou to an intra-RAT neighboring cell is
002001 r Relation measured by ANR to evaluate the
(ANR) removal of the neighboring relation
in the case of a low handover
success rate.
GUI Value Range:1~10080
Unit:min
Actual Value Range:1~10080
Default Value:1440
ANR StatisticPeriodFo MOD ANR LOFD-002 Automati Meaning:Indicates the period during
rNRTDel 001 / c which the number of handovers are
LST ANR TDLOFD- Neighbou measured for neighboring relation
002001 r Relation removal from a neighbor relation
(ANR) table (NRT). In a measurement
LOFD-002 period for neighboring relation
002 / Inter-RAT removal, when the total number of
TDLOFD- ANR handovers from a cell exceeds the
002002 threshold for neighboring relation
removal, the neighboring cells that
are not detected by UEs are
removed from the NRT.
GUI Value Range:1~50400
Unit:min
16 Counters
There are no specific counters associated with this feature.
17 Glossary
For the acronyms, abbreviations, terms, and definitions, see Glossary.
18 Reference Documents
This chapter lists the reference documents related to the ANR management feature:
[1] 3GPP TS 32.511, "Automatic Neighbor Relation (ANR) management; Concepts and requirements"
[2] 3GPP TS 36.300, "E-UTRAN Overall description"
[3] 3GPP TS 36.331, "RRC Protocol specification"
[4] 3GPP TS 36.413, "E-UTRAN S1 Application Protocol (S1AP)"
[5] eNodeB MO Reference
[6] eNodeB MML Command Reference
[7] eNodeB Alarm Reference
[8] eNodeB Performance Counter Reference
[9] DRX Feature Parameter Description
[10] Mobility Management in Connected Mode Feature Parameter Description
[11] S1/X2/OM Channel Management Feature Parameter Description