RWS Reviewer
Identify reliable information
LESSON 1
CRITICAL THINKING
What do you think is the relationship of the
two?
Reading
- provides you an extensive range of
written texts essential for discourse
constructs necessary in the
development of language acquisition.
Reading exposes you exposes you to
other styles, other voices, other forms,
and other genres of writing
- A writer who does not read is like a
filmmaker who does not watch films.
Writing
- equips you with skills in the writing
process, text structures, paragraph or
sentence construction. Those skills are
tools to improve your reading
comprehension.
Critical
- from the Greek word kritikos meaning
able to discern, If being critical means
being able to discern, critical thinking
is therefore, a deeper kind of thinking
in which we do not take things for
granted but question, analyse and
evaluate what we read, hear, say, or
write.
WHAT IS CRITICAL THINKING?
Critical thinking
- as defined by National Council for
Excellence in Critical Thinking, "is the
intellectually disciplined process of
actively and skillfully conceptualizing,
applying, analyzing, synthesizing,
and/or evaluating information gathered
from, or generated by, observation,
experience, reflection, reasoning, or
communication, as a guide to belief and
action." leads to effective decision
making.
and make reliable judgements.
Non-Critical Thinking
- focused on merely accepting and
understanding information from a
source without examining them
happens when you construct thoughts
based purely on emotions jumping to
conclusions without proof or evidence.
based on intuition, emotion and/or
opinion.
Critical Thinking
- based on verifiable data and facts.
involves a series of complex thought
processes which allow you to make
reasoned judgements. assess the way
you think, and solve problems
effectively.
TAXONOMY OF COGNITIVE DOMAIN:
FIRST 3 LEVELS OF THINKING
Rembering
- involves retrieval, recalling of
information, memorization, or the
statement of information.
Understanding
- refers to construction meaning from
verbal and non verbal messages, always
require discussion, description,
paraphrasing or explanation.
Applying
- refers to implementation of knowledge
in various situations. answers require
demonstration, solution or the use of
information.
HIGHER ORDER THINKING SKILLS
Analyzing
- breaking down ideas into parts and
relating these parts to one another.
answers require comparison,
- integration or the structuring of
information.
Evaluating While Reading
- making judgements on the value and - getting the meaning of words through
validity of ideas and events. answers context clues, predicting, inferencing,
require judgement and testing of an monitoring comprehension, annotating
idea based on certain rules or standards. the text, and reflecting.
Creating Post Reading
- combining parts to form a well - reflecting, summarizing, paraphrasing,
designed whole. require production, drawing conclusions, making graphic
designing, or construction of new organizers, and journal writing
information or ideas. Rapid reading
- aims to locate specific information or
LESSON 2: main ideas in a very short span of time.
FUNDAMENTAL READING SKILLS Pre-reading skills such as skimming and
PURPOSES OF TEXT scanning are examples of rapid reading
- Inform * Skimming
- Persuade - is a type of quick reading which aims to
- Entertain get the main idea and C overview of the
COHERENCE material
- means a text must be composed of * Locating
sentences with connected ideas - the main idea is a reading skill which
GENRE involves identifying the central message
* business letter of a reading selection when it is not
* news found in either or both the first and last
* film critique sentences.
* product * Scanning
* brochure - is a reading skill in which the reader is
TEXT TYPE focused on getting a specific
* expository / procedure information from the text.
* recount Previewing
* review - is a skill in which a reader looks over a
* descriptive / comparison contrast material and focuses on the
information.
Pre Reading Previewing
- previewing, free writing, surveying, - is a skill in which a reader looks over a
questioning, making assumptions material and focuses on the
about the author, identifying the information found to be relevant. This
purpose, and selecting a reading system allows readers to set the purpose and
such as SQ3R (survey, question, read, link the content of the material to their
recite, review) background knowledge, It is also a skill
used during the pre-reading stage
Literal reading
- involves the understanding of ideas
and facts that are directly stated in the
material. This skill includes
note-taking, paraphrasing, and
summarizing. These are typically done
in the post reading stage.
* Summarizing
- is a technique that involves condensing
a lengthy text into a shorter passage
which is usually 15 to 30 percent of the
source material while retaining its
essence.
* Paraphrasing
- involves restating ideas from the
original text. Unlike the summary, the
length of a paraphrased text is almost
similar to the length of the original text
Inferential reading
- refers to the process of deducing facts
and ideas not directly expressed in the
text. Also known as "reading between
the lines," this skill includes making
generalizations, inferences, and
conclusions.
This is applied during the while-reading
stage
Critical reading
- refers to the close and thorough
evaluation of the claims in the text in
terms of relevance, validity, and logic.
This skill which also happens in the
while-reading stage, includes
distinguishing facts from opinions and
detecting logical fallacies
Purpose of Reading
● aims to develop the readers reading
skills.
Pleasure Reading
● aims to provide enjoyment and
entertainment.
Functional Reading
● to help readers learn basic functional
reading, such as reading school for
forms and instructions.
Remedial Reading
● to help readers learn basic functional
reading, such as reading school for
forms and instructions aims to correct
the effects of poor teaching and poor
learning.
LESSON 3
SELECTING AND ORGANIZING
INFORMATION
Brainstorming
- It helps people establish patterns of
ideas, develop new ways of thinking,
activate background knowledge, and
overcome mental block.
METHODS OF BRAINSTORMING
* IDEA LIST
* IDEA MAP
GRAPHIC ORGANIZERS
- They are visual representation of
concepts that help you structure
information into organizational
patterns.
- Active learning is promoted
- Becomes easier to focus your attention
on key elements
- information are presented into a
coherent framework
- can easily integrate new knowledge into
your current knowledge
TYPES OF GRAPHIC ORGANIZERS
Venn Diagram
• used to show comparison and contrast
Network Tree
• used to represent hierarchy, classification and
branching
Spider Map
• used to investigate and enumerate various
aspects of central idea, which could be a
concept, topic or theme
Problem - Solution Map
• used to display the nature of the problem and
how it can be solved
Timeline
• used to show the chronological order of events
through a long bar with dates and specific
events
Plot Diagram
• used to map events in a story, making it easier
to analyze the major parts of the plot
Series of Events Chain
• used to show the logical consequences of
events
Fishbone Map
• used to present the casual relationship of a
complex phenomenon
Cycle
• used to describe how a series of events interact
to produce a set of results repeatedly
Persuasion Map
• used to map out arguments and evidence that
prove a view point
Outline
• set as series of input, shows the logical
arrangement of ideas that you have read or ideas
that you intend to include in vour essay

REMEMBER:
FORMAT - alphanumeric, decimal
PRINCIPLES - coordination, subordination,
division, parallelism
KINDS / STRUCTURE - topic, sentence