RESEARCH I

First Quarter
Module 2: WEEK 2
TYPES OF SCIENTIFIC
RESEARCH
int.search.myway.com/search/
RESEARCH I – Grade 8
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module1: Week 2 – Types of Scientific Research

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Published by the Department of Education

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Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

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Department of Education – Region VII ,Central Visayas

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(Learning Resources Management Section
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For the learner:

Welcome to Science 8 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on (Types of Scientific

Research)!

In this 21st Century wherein everyone lives in a world of inquiry, the call for scientific
activity has become explicit. This module will help you learn more on the different types
of scientific research and its definition.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in the
module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to

check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link

the current lesson with the previous one.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be

introduced to you in various ways such as a
story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an
activity or a situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion of the

lesson. This aims to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills.

What’s More This comprises activities for independent

practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.

What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank

sentence/paragraph to be filled into process
what you learned from the lesson.
 What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will
help you transfer your new knowledge or skill
into real life situations or concerns.

Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your

level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.

Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given

to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the
lesson learned. This also tends retention of
learned concepts.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the

module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in developing

this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate
to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and gain
deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!
 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you gain more
knowledge on different types of research. The scope of this module will help you and can
be useful in many different learning situations.

After going through this module, you are expected to acquire the following competencies:
1. Determine the importance of different scientific research.
2. Differentiate the different scientific research.

What I Know

Read the question below and give your personal responses in three to five sentences.
Write your answer in the space provider for.

1. Is research important to our society? Why?

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
____________________________

2. Why is there a need for you to know the different types of scientific research?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
 Lesson
1 Types of Scientific Research

In this lesson, you will be dealing with the different types of scientific research.
Research is a logical and systematic search for new and useful information on a topic.
Research is important both in scientific and nonscientific fields. In our life new problems,
events, phenomena and processes occur every day.

What’s In
Research is synonymous to inquiry which involves investigation of
something through questioning. It has different stages that also needs
cooperative learning. Research is also your way of discovering new knowledge,
applying knowledge in various ways as well as seeing relationships of ideas,
events and situations.

The purpose of research are as follows:

• To learn to work independently
• To learn how to work scientifically
• To have an in-depth knowledge of something
• To evaluate your mental abilities by letting you think in higher- order
thinking strategies (HOTS) of inferring, evaluating, synthesizing,
appreciating, applying and creating.
• To improve your reading and writing skills
• To be familiar with the basic tools of research and the various techniques
of gathering data and of presenting research findings
• To free yourself, to a certain context, from the denomination or strong
influence of a single textbook or of the professor’s lone viewpoint or spoon
feeding.
 What’s New

Types of Scientific Research

Research is broadly classified into two main classes:
1. Fundamental or Basic research

Basic research is an investigation on basic principles and reasons for occurrence

of an event or process or phenomenon. It is also called theoretical research. Study or
investigation of some natural phenomenon or relating to pure science are termed as
basic research. Basic researches sometimes may not lead to immediate use or
application. It is not concerned with solving any practical problems of immediate
interest.
For example, basic science investigations probe for answers to questions such as:
• How did the universe begin?
• What are protons, neutrons, and electrons composed of?
• How do slime molds reproduce?
• What is the specific genetic code of the fruit fly?

2. Applied research

Applied researches solve certain problems employing well known and accepted
theories and principles. Most of the experimental research, case studies and inter-
disciplinary research are essentially applied research. Applied research is helpful for
basic research. A research in which the outcome has immediate application is also
termed as applied research.

For example, applied researchers may investigate ways to:

• improve agricultural crop production
• treat or cure a specific disease
• improve the energy efficiency of homes, offices, or modes of
transportation
 What is It

Basic and Applied research are also being divided into different types of research
which is:
1. Based on Types of Data Needed

Quantitative research

• It is numerical, non-descriptive, applies statistics or mathematics and uses.

• It investigates the what, where and when of decision making.

Qualitative research

• It is non-numerical, descriptive, applies reasoning and uses words.

• Its aim is to get the meaning, feeling and describe the situation.
• Qualitative data cannot be graphed.
• It is exploratory.
• It investigates the why and how of decision making.

Mixed research

A research that involves the mixing of quantitative and qualitative methods or paradigm
characteristics. Nature of data is mixture of variables, words and images.

2. Based on Purpose of the Research

Depending on your objective or goal in conducting research, you can do any types
of these research:

Descriptive Research this type of research aims at defining or giving a verbal or picture
of a person, thing, event, group, situation, etc. It is directed in answering questions such
as “what is this?”

Example:

Determining students’ level of awareness on Covid 19 health protocols

Correlational Research this type of research shows relationships on connectedness

of factors, circumstances or agents called variables that affect the research. It is only
concerned in indicating the existence of a relationship not the cause and ways of the
development of such relationship.
Example

A researcher wants to study the relationship of people who often smoke might develop
lung cancer.

Explanatory Research this type of research elaborates or explains not just the reasons
behind the relationship of two factors, but also the ways by which such relationship
exists.

Example:

Why and how stress leads to heart disease?

Exploratory Research might involve a literature search or conducting focus group

interviews. The exploration of new phenomena in this way may help the researcher’s
need for better understanding, may test the feasibility of a more extensive study, or
determine the best methods to be used in a subsequent study. For these reasons,
exploratory research is broad in focus and rarely provides definite answers to specific
research issues. The objective of exploratory research is to identify key issues and key
variables.

Example:

Focus group discussion to determine factors in store selection by consumers

Action Research studies an ongoing practice of school, community, organization, or

institution for the purpose of obtaining the results that will bring improvement in the
system.
Example:
An action research on the effect of immediate feedbacking devices in high school
science class.

What’s More

Read and analyze each question carefully and select the letter of the correct answer.
1. “How things work?” is an example of___________.
a. Applied Research c. Exploratory Research
b. Basic Research d. Quantitative Research
2. Applied research normally _____________________.
a. Answers a real-world problem
b. Provides information that is not directly useful to a real-world problem.
c. Is a research that produces a non-real object or item
d. Explores the functions and features of newly discovered phenomena
3. Which of the following is an example of basic research?
a. An investigation to determine the healing properties of mushrooms.
b. An investigation into the symptoms of diarrhea.
c. What are the treatment options for anxiety disorders?
d. A study to build students' interests in religious studies.
4. Which of the following gives a quantitative data?
a. Height of the students
b. Gender of the students
c. Hair color preference of the students
d. Cellphone numbers of the students
5. The following statements show qualitative data EXEPT:
a. The laptop is white.
b. The flower is red.
c. My fingernail is 2 cm long.
d. The candy was sour
6. It is a type of research that determines the relationships of two variables?
a. Action Research c. Descriptive Research
b. Correlational Research d. Explanatory Research
7. Determining teenager’s attitude towards smoking is what kind of sample research
study?
a. Action Research c. Descriptive Research
b. Correlational Research d. Explanatory Research
8. It is a kind of research wherein the kind of data is a combination of words, pictures/
images and numbers.
a. Exploratory Research c. Qualitative Research
b. Mixed Method d. Quantitative Research
9. The main purpose of this kind of research is to on generating solutions to problems
identified by the people.
a. Action Research c. Descriptive Research
b. Correlational Research d. Explanatory Research
10. When the researcher is going to have a review the scientific literature of malungay
leaves or moringa oleifera, what kind of research is this?
a. Action Research c. Explanatory Research
b. Correlational Research d. Exploratory Research

What I Can Do

Discuss the relationships showed on the venn diagram below.

Assessment

Below are statements, questions and possible research studies, or a scenario;

Determine if it describes basic research or applied research.
1. An investigation into the ways of improving employee’s motivation in Jollibee.
2. A study into the ways of improving the levels of customer retention for Gaisano Carcar.
3. An investigation into the primary symptoms of Covid 19.
4. An investigation to determine the side effects of alcohol consumption.
5. How do panic attacks happen?
Determine if the following describes qualitative, quantitative or mixed method
research.
6. Conducting a survey in your school and ask the students “on a scale from 1-5, how
satisfied are your with your professors?”
7. Conducting an interview in your school and ask the students “How satisfied are you
with your studies?
8. Combining Qualitative and Quantitative Methodologies in Research on Teachers’
Lives, Work and Effectiveness”.
9. How does a mother with a special need child describe the process of adjustment?
10. Conducting a pretest- postest and interviewing the students on their experiences.

Additional Activities

Situation: You are planning to conduct a research/ an investigatory project on the

effectiveness of Moringa Oleifera/ Malungay Leaves Extracts in Lowering Blood
Glocuse.
Questions:
1. Is your study a basic research or applied research? Defend your answer.
2. What methodology/ies of research can be employed? Why?
(Select: Qualitive, Quantitative or Mixed Method)
 Answer Key

What I Know What’s More

Essay 1. b
2. a
3. b

What I Know 4. a
5. c
6. b
7. c
What I Can Do 8. b
Essay
9. a
10. d

Additional Activities
1. Applied Research – on the
defend part answer may
vary
Assessment
1. Applied Research
2. Applied Research
3. Basic Research
4. Applied Research
5. Basic Research

2. Quantitative Methodology 6. Quantitative

– the why part answer may 7. Qualitative research
vary
8. Mixed Method research
9. Qualitative Research
10. Mixed Method Research
References

https://www.sjsu.edu/people/fred.prochaska/courses/ScWk170/s0/Basic-vs.-
Applied-Research.pdf
https://study.com/academy/practice/quiz-worksheet-basic-research-vs-applied-
research.html
https://www.formpl.us/blog/basic-applied-research
https://www.slideshare.net/empcvmou/fundamental-applied-and-action-research

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Carcar City Division (Learning Resources

Management Section)

P. Nellas St., Poblacion III, Carcar City , Cebu, Philippines 6019

Tel. No. 487 8495

Email Address : carcarcitydivision@yahoo.com