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Previous Years Papers 2021 JEE Main Physics

29 Apr 2020

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1 The decay of a proton to neutron is : 0s

A not possible, as proton mass is less than the neutron mass.

B always possible as it is associated only with β decay.
+

C possible only inside the nucleus.

D not possible, but neutron to proton conversion is possible.

Solution : C

Positron emission or β decay is a type of radioactive decay

+

called β decay, in which a proton inside a nucleus is converted

into a neutron while releasing a positron and an electron
neutrino.
So, decay of a proton to neutron is possible only inside the
nucleus.

2 An object of mass m collides elastically with another object of mass m ,

1 2
0s
which is at rest. After the collision, the objects move with equal speeds in
opposite directions. The ratio of the masses, m : m is -
2 1

A 2 : 1

B 1 : 1

C 1 : 2

D 3 : 1

Solution : D

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From conservation of linear

momentum;

pi = pf

⇒ m1 u1 + m2 (0) = m1 (−v) + m2 v

⇒ m1 u1 = v(m2 − m1 ) . . . . . (i)

Also, co-efficient of restitution,

vseparation v − (−v) 2v
e = = = = 1 [For elastic collision]
vapproach u1 u1

⇒ u1 = 2v . . . . . (ii)

From (i) and (ii),

m1 (2v) = v(m2 − m1 )

⇒ 2m1 = m2 − m1

⇒ 3m1 = m2

m2 3
⇒ = = 3 : 1
m1 1

3 A plane electromagnetic wave propagating along y−direction can have the 0s
→ →
following pair of electric field (E ) and magnetic field ( B ) components -
Ex , B z or Ez , B x
A

Ey , B x or Ex , B y
B

Ey , B y or Ex , B x
C

Ey , B y or Ez , B z
D

Solution : A

We know that, c^ = E^ × B
^.

So, if c is along +y direction then E can be along z and B along x

.
Hence, (E , B ) is possible.
z x

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Similarly, if c is along −y direction then E can be along x and B

along z.
Hence, (E , B ) is also possible.
x z

Therefore, option (A) is correct.

4 A solid cylinder of mass m is wrapped with an inextensible light string and, 0s
is placed on a rough inclined plane as shown in the figure. The frictional
force acting between the cylinder and the inclined plane is :

( Coefficient of static friction, μ s = 0.4)

7
mg
A 2

B 0

1
mg
C 5

D 5mg

Solution : C

From linear equilibrium,

∘
T + f = mg sin 60 . . . (1)

From angular equilibrium,

T R = fR ⇒ T = f . . . (2)

From (1) and (2),

∘
mg sin 60 √3
f = = mg = 0.43mg (Required)
2 4

Limiting friction,
1
∘
f = μs N = μs mg cos 60 = 0.4 × mg × = 0.2mg
2

Since, limiting friction < required friction, therefore, cylinder will

not be in equilibrium.

∴ f will be kinetic.

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As coefficient of kinetic friction is not mentioned, we have to

assume that, coefficient of kinetic friction is equal to coefficient of
static friction.

Therefore, friction force,

∘
f = μk N = μs mg cos 60

1 1
⇒ f = 0.4 × mg × = mg
2 5

5 An ideal gas in a cylinder is separated by a piston in such a way that the 0s
entropy of one part is S and that of the other part is S . Given that S > S .
1 2 1 2

If the piston is removed, then the total entropy of the system will be :
A S1 + S2

B S1 − S2

C S1 × S2

S1
D
S2

Solution : A

Before removal of piston:

n1 f R
For part 1, S 1 =
2

n2 f R
For part 2, S 2 =
2

After removal of piston:

Gas is identical, so f will be the same.

(n1 + n2 )f R
S =
2

⇒ S = S1 + S2

Hence, option (A) is the correct answer.

6 The time taken for the magnetic energy to reach 25% of its maximum value, 0s
when a solenoid of resistance R and inductance L is connected to a
battery, is -
L
A ln 2
R

L
B ln 10
R

C Infinite
L
D ln 5
R

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R

Solution : A

We know that, magnetic energy,

1
U = Li
2
,
2

When circuit has maximum current:

Maximum value of magnetic energy,

1
2
Uo = Lio
2

Given,

U = 25% of U o

1 1 1
2 2
⇒ Li = × Lio
2 4 2

2
io
2
⇒ i =
4

io
⇒ i =
2

We know that, current in the circuit at any time t is given by :

−Rt/L
i = io (1 − e )

io
−Rt/L
⇒ = io (1 − e )
2

1
−Rt/L
⇒ = e
2

Rt/L
⇒ e = 2

Rt
⇒ = ln 2
L

L
⇒ t = ln 2
R

7 For adiabatic expansion of an ideal gas, the fractional change in its 0s
pressure is equal to :

(γ is the ratio of specific heats and V is the volume of the gas)

dV
A −γ
V

dV
B
V

1 dV
C −
γ V

V
D −γ
dV

Solution : A

For adiabatic process,

γ
PV
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PV
γ
= constant

⇒ ln P + γ ln V = constant

Differentiating both sides,

dP dV
+ γ = 0
P V

dP dV
⇒ = −γ
P V

Hence, option (A) is the correct answer.

8 The correct relation between α (ratio of collector current to emitter current) 0s
and β (ratio of collector current to base current) of a transistor is :
β
A α =
1 + β

β
B α =
1 − β

1 + β
C α =
β

1 − β
D α =
β

Solution : A

We know that,

IC IC
α = and β =
IE IB

∵ IE = IB + IC

IE IB IC
∴ = +
IC IC IC

1 1 1 + β
⇒ = + 1 =
α β β

β
⇒ α =
1 + β

Therefore, (A) is the correct answer.

9 In a series LCR circuit, the inductive reactance (X ) is 10 Ω and the

L
0s
capacitive reactance (X ) is 4 Ω. The resistance (R) in the circuit is 6 Ω.
C

Find the power factor of the circuit.

1
A
√2

√3
B
2

1
C
2
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2

1
D
2√2

Solution : A

Given:
XL = 10 Ω

XC = 4 Ω

R = 6 Ω

We know that power factor,

R
= cos ϕ =
Z

R
=
2 2
√R + (XL − XC )

6
=
2 2
√6 + (10 − 4)

6
=
6√2

1
=
√2

Hence, (A) is the correct answer.

10 A proton and an α− particle, having kinetic energies K and K p α

0s
respectively, enter into a magnetic field at right angles. The ratio of the
radii of trajectory of proton to that of α− particle is 2 : 1. The ratio K : K
p α

will be :
A 1 : 8

B 1 : 4

C 8 : 1

D 4 : 1

Solution : D

Given :
rp 2
=
rα 1

We know that,
mα 4 qα 2
= and =
mp 1 qp 1

The radius of trajectory is given by,

mv p √2mK
r = = =
qB qB qB

2 2 2
r q B
⇒ K =
2m

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So,

2 2 2 2
Kp mα rp qp 4 2 1
= = × ( ) × ( ) = 4 : 1
Kα mp
2
rα
2
qα 1 1 2

11 The function of time representing a simple harmonic motion with a period 0s
π
of is :
ω

A cos(ωt) + cos(2ωt) + cos(3ωt)

π
B 3 cos( − 2ωt)
4

C 2
sin (2ωt)

D sin(ωt) + cos(ωt)

Solution : B

Given :
Time period of SHM,
π
T =
ω

We know that for SHM,

2π
T =
′
ω

Where, ω is the angular frequency of the SHM.

′

π 2π
⇒ =
′
ω ω

′
⇒ ω = 2ω

π
From the given functions, only 3 cos( − 2ωt) has angular
4

frequency of 2ω.

Therefore, option (B) is the correct answer.

12 Consider a uniform wire of mass M and length L. It is bent into a 0s

semicircle. Its moment of inertia about a line perpendicular to the plane of
the wire passing through the centre is :
2
1 ML
A
2
2 π
2
2 ML
B
2
5 π
2
1 ML
C
2
4 π
2
ML
D
2
π

Solution : D

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When the wire is bent into the shape of

a semi-circle, the length of the wire will become the

circumference of the semi-circle.

L
∴ L = πR ⇒ R =
π

Now, the moment of inertia of the semi-circular wire will be,

2 2
L ML
2
I = MR = M( ) =
π 2
π

13 The angular momentum of a planet of mass M moving around the sun in 0s
→
an elliptical orbit is L . The magnitude of the areal velocity of the planet is :

L
A
M

2L
B
M

L
C
2M

4L
D
M

Solution : C

We know that, areal velocity of a planet is,

dA L
=
dt 2M

Hence, option (C) is the correct answer.

14 The velocity–displacement graph of a particle is shown in the figure. 0s

The acceleration–displacement graph of the same particle

is represented by :

C
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Solution : D

Slope of the given graph,

v0
m = −
x0

v0
∴ v = (− ) x + v0
x0

We know that,
dv
a = v
dx

v0 d −v0
⇒ a = [(− ) x + v0 ] [( ) x + v0 ]
x0 dx x0

v0 v0
⇒ a = [(− ) x + v0 ] × [− + 0]
x0 x0

2 2
v v
0 0
⇒ a = x −
2 x0
x
0

Again, comparing with the standard equation of straight line,

y = mx + c

Here,
2
v
0
m = = +ve
2
x
0
2
v
0
c = − = −ve
x0

This is best represented by the graph in option (D).

15 Three rays of light, namely red (R), green (G) and blue (B) are incident on 0s
the face P Q of a right-angled prism P QR as shown in the figure. The
refractive indices of the material of the prism for red, green and blue
wavelengths are 1.27, 1.42 and 1.49 respectively. The colour of the ray(s)
emerging out of the face P R will be :

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A Blue
B Green
C Red
D Blue and Green

Solution : C

Since, the rays are incident normally on

the face P Q, all the rays will go undeflected towards the face P R
.

Here, i = 45 ∘

For total internal reflection at face P R,

i > ic

∘
⇒ 45 > ic

1
∘ −1
⇒ 45 > sin ( )
μ

⇒ μ > √2

⇒ μ > 1.414

∵ μG and μB are more than 1.414 and μ is less than 1.414.

R

So, TIR will take place for green and blue rays.

∴ Only red ray will come out of face P R.

16 Consider a sample of oxygen gas behaving like an ideal gas. At 300 K, the 0s
ratio of root-mean-square (RMS) velocity to the average velocity of the gas
molecules will be :

( Molecular weight of oxygen= 32 g/mol ; R = 8.3 JK

−1
mol
−1
)

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5
A √
3

8
B √
3

3π
C √
8

8π
D √
3

Solution : C

We know that,

3RT
vRM S = √ , and,
M

8RT
vavg = √
πM

vRM S 3π
∴ = √
vavg 8

Hence, option (C) is the correct answer.

17 A particle of mass m moves in a circular orbit under the central potential 0s
−c
field, U (r) = , where c is positive constant. The correct radius(r)-velocity
r

(v) graph of the particle's motion is :

Solution : A

Given, potential field,

−c
U (r) =
r

dU c
⇒ F = − =
2
dr r

We know that the centripetal force is given by,

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2
mv
Fc =
r

2
mv c
∴ =
r 2
r

c
⇒ r =
2
mv

1
⇒ r ∝
2
v

This situation is best represented by the graph of option (A).

18 Which of the following statements are correct? 0s

(A) Electric monopoles do not exist, whereas magnetic monopoles exist.

(B) Magnetic field lines due to a solenoid at its ends and outside cannot be
completely straight and are confined.

(C) Magnetic field lines are completely confined within a toroid.

(D) Magnetic field lines inside a bar magnet are not parallel.

(E) χ = −1 is the condition for a perfect diamagnetic material, where χ is

its magnetic susceptibility.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below.

A (B) and (C) only
B (B) and (D) only
C (C) and (E) only
D (A) and (B) only

Solution : C

We know that,

(A) Electric monopoles exist, while magnetic monopoles do not

exist.

(B)Magnetic field lines due to a solenoid at its ends and outside

cannot be completely straight and confined.

(C) Magnetic field lines are confined within a toroid.

(D) Magnetic field lines inside a bar magnet are parallel.

(E) For perfectly diamagnetic material χ = −1.

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∴ Statements (C) and (E) are correct.

19 The speed of electrons in a scanning electron microscope is 1 × 10 7

ms
−1
. If 0s
the protons having the same speed are used instead of electrons, then the
resolving power of the scanning proton microscope will be changed by a
factor of :
1
A
√1837

B √1837

C 1837

1
D
1837

Solution : C

1
We know that Resolving Power (RP ) of a microscope, RP ∝
λ

h h
Also, λ = =
p mv

1
So, λ ∝ (For same speed)
m

Hence, RP ∝ m

−27
RPp mp 1.673 × 10
∴ = = = 1836.6 ≈ 1837
me −31
RPe 9.109 × 10

20 If the angular velocity of earth's spin is increased such that the bodies at 0s
the equator start floating, the duration of the day would be approximately :

(g = 10 ms
−2
, radius of earth, R = 6400 × 10 3
m, π = 3.14)

A 60 minutes

B Does not change

C 84 minutes

D 1200 minutes

Solution : C

It is given that at the equator, the body starts floating, i. e.

condition of weightlessness.

2
⇒ ge = g − Rω = 0

g
⇒ ω = √
R

Now, time period,

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p
2π R
T = = 2π√
ω g

3
6400 × 10
⇒ T = 2 × 3.14 × √
10

⇒ T = 5024 s ≈ 84 minutes

Hence, option (C) is the correct answer.

21 Two wires of same length and thickness having specific resistances 6 Ω-cm 0s
and 3 Ω-cm respectively are connected in parallel. The effective resistivity
of the combination is ρ Ω-cm. The value of ρ, to the nearest integer, is
________.
Accepted Answers
4 4.0 4.00

Solution :

We know that, in parallel combination,

R1 R2
Req =
R1 + R2

l l
ρ1 × ρ2
ρl A A l
⇒ = (∵ R = ρ )
2A l l A
ρ1 + ρ2
A A

ρ 6 × 3
⇒ = = 2
2 6 + 3

⇒ ρ = 2 × 2 = 4 Ω-cm

22 A ball of mass 4 kg, moving with a velocity of 10 ms , collides with a spring

−1 0s
of length 8 m and force constant 100 Nm . The length of the compressed
−1

spring, during maximum compression, is x m. The value of x, to the nearest

integer, is ______.
Accepted Answers
6 6.0 6.00

Solution : Let the spring is compressed by y.

Applying energy conservation principle,

1 1
2 2
mv = ky
2 2

m 4
⇒ y = √ × v = √ × 10 = 2 m
k 100

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Therefore, final length of the spring= 8 − 2 = 6 m

23 Consider a 72 cm long wire AB as shown in the figure. The galvanometer 0s

jockey is placed at P on AB at a distance of x cm from A. The
galvanometer shows zero deflection. The value of x, to the nearest integer,
is _____.

Accepted Answers
48 48.0 48.00

Solution : At balanced condition,

x 72 − x
⇒ =
12 6

⇒ 6x = 12(72 − x)

⇒ 18x = 864

⇒ x = 48 cm

24 Consider a water tank as shown in the figure. Its cross-sectional area is 0s
0.4 m . The tank has an opening B near the bottom whose cross-sectional
2

area is 1 cm . A load of 24 kg is applied on the water at the top when the

2

height of the water level is 40 cm above the bottom, the velocity of water
coming out from the opening B is v ms . The value of v, to the nearest
−1

integer, is _______.
2
(g = 10 m/s )

Accepted Answers
3 3.0 3.00

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Solution : On applying

Bernoulli's theorem at points 1 and 2, we get,

mg 1 1
2 2
p0 + + ρgH + ρv = p0 + ρv
1
A 2 2

As v 1 = 0 (at A)

mg 1
2
∵ + ρgH = ρv
A 2

24 × 10 1
3 3 2
⇒ + 10 × 10 × 0.4 = × 10 × v
0.4 2

⇒ v ≈ 3 m/s

25 The typical output characteristics curve for a transistor working in the 0s
common emitter configuration is shown in the figure. The estimated
current gain from the figure is ______.

Accepted Answers
200 200.0 200.00

Solution : For common emitter configuration, current gain,

−3
ΔIC (4 − 2) mA 2 10
β = = = × = 200
10 −6
ΔIB (20 − 10) μA 10

26 The radius of a sphere is measured to be (7.50 ± 0.85) cm. Suppose the 0s
percentage error in its volume is x%. The value of x, to the nearest integer,
is ______.
Accepted Answers
34 34.0 34.00

Solution : We know that, the volume of the sphere,

4
3
V = πr
3
4
⇒ ln V = 3 ln πr
3

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ΔV Δr
⇒ = 3 ×
V r

ΔV Δr
⇒ × 100 = 3 × × 100
V r

0.85
= 3 × ( ) × 100 = 34%
7.50

27 The projectile motion of a particle of mass 5 g is shown in the figure. The 0s
initial velocity of the particle is 5√2 ms −1
and the air resistance is assumed
to be negligible. The magnitude of the change in momentum of the
particles between the points A and B is x × 10 kg-ms . The value of x, to −2 −1

the nearest integer, is _____.

Accepted Answers
5 5.0 5.00

Solution : The change

in momentum of the particle between points A and B is given by,

→ −
→ −
→ → →
Δ p = pB − pA = m( v B − v A )

→ ∘ ∘ ∘ ∘
⇒ Δ p = m [(5√2 cos 45 ^i − 5√2 sin 45 ^j) − (5√2 cos 45 ^i + 5√2 sin 45 ^j)]

→ 1
−3
⇒ Δ p = −2 × 5 × 10 × 5√2 × ^
j
√2

→ −1 −2 ^ −1
⇒ Δ p = (−0.05^
j) kg-ms = (−5 × 10 j) kg-ms

So, Δp = 5 × 10 −2
kg-ms
−1
= x × 10
−2
kg-ms
−1

Hence, x = 5

28 An infinite number of point charges, each carrying 1μC charge, are placed 0s
along the y−axis at y = 1 m, 2 m, 4 m, 8 m. . . . . . . so on. The total force on a
1 C point charge, placed at the origin, is x × 10 N. The value of x, to the
3

nearest integer, is ______.

1 9 2 2
( = 9 × 10 Nm /C )
4πϵ0

Accepted Answers
12 12 0 12 00
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12 12.0 12.00

Solution :

kq0 q1 kq0 q2 kq0 q3

Ftotal = + + +. . . . . . .
2 2 2
r r r
1 2 3

1 1 1
9 −6
= 9 × 10 × 1 × 10 [1 + ( ) + ( ) + ( ) +. . . . . . . ]
2 2 2
2 4 8

1 1 1
3
= 9 × 10 [1 + ( ) + ( ) + ( ) +. . . . . . . ]
2 4 6
2 2 2

⎡ ⎤
1
3 ⎢ ⎥
= 9 × 10 ⎢ ⎥
⎢ 1⎥
⎣ 1 − ⎦
4

a
[∵ S∞ = for infinite geometric progression]
1 − r

3
= 12 × 10 N

29 A TV transmission tower antenna is at a height of 20 m. Suppose that the 0s

receiving antenna is at -
(i) Ground Level
(ii) a height of 5 m

The increase in antenna range in case (ii) relative to case (i) is n%. The
value of n, to the nearest integer, is ______.

Accepted Answers
50 50.0 50.00

Solution : For calculation of range from a tower,

d = √2RhT + √2RhR

Where,
hT= height of tower

hR = height of receiver

R = radius of Earth.

For (i),

hT = 20 m, hR = 0

3
∴ di = √2 × 6400 × 10 × 20 = 16 km

For (ii),

hT = 20 m, hR = 5 m

√ 3 √ 3
∵ dii = 2 × 6400 × 10 × 20 + 2 × 6400 × 10 × 5

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= 16 + 8 = 24 km

∴ % change in range,

dii − di
= × 100
di

24 − 16
= × 100 = 50% = n%
16

So, n = 50

30 A galaxy is moving away from the earth at a speed of 286 kms . The shift
−1
0s
in the wavelength of a red line at 630 nm is x × 10 −10
m . The value of x, to
the nearest integer, is _______.

8 −1
(c = 3 × 10 ms )

Accepted Answers
6 6.0 6.00

Solution : Shift in wavelength is given by,

vr
Δλ = ( )λ
c

3
286 × 10 −9
= × 630 × 10
8
3 × 10

−10 −10
= 6 × 10 m = x × 10 m

∴ x = 6

 Time Management Avg Time Spent Per Question 0 s

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