Enrichment Drill: Reproduction

Name:Dasharrath Sathish Kumar Date: 5/11/2023

Fill in the blanks with the suitable answers

4.1 Sexual and Asexual Reproduction

1. Reproduction is the process of producing new induviduals from living organisms.

2. Reproduction can be divided into, sexual and asexual reproduction
3. Sexual reproduction is the main type of reproduction that is carried out by humans,
higher animals and flowering plants.
4. Sexual reproduction involves two parents, which are male and female.
5. Sexual reproduction produces a new generation that is different from its parents and
shows genetic variation.
6. Two types of sexual fertilisation are internal and external fertilisation
7. Internal fertilisation happens when nucleus of the male gamete fuses with the nucleus
of the female gamete inside the body of the female parent.
8. External fertilisation happens when nucleus of the male gamete fuses with the nucleus
of the female gamete outside the body of the female parent.
9. Asexual reproduction is a process of producing new individuals without involving
reproductive cells.
10. For asexual reproduction, only one parent is involved.
11. Binary fission is the division of a single parent cell into two daughter cells
12. Budding is the process of forming a bud on the organism’s body. A bud starts off as a
swelling. Then, it develops and breaks off as a new young.
13. Regeneration occurs from the ability of the fragments of some organisms to grow and
develop into completely new individuals.
14. Spore formation is the process of producing spores in the sporangium
15. Vegetative reproduction is a method of producing new plants from a vegetative part of
a plant except the flower.
 4.2 Human Reproductive System

16. The diagram below shows the male reproductive systems. Label each part correctly.

M:

N:

O:

P:

Q:

R:

S:

T:

M:SEMINAL VESICLE
N:URETHRA
O:SPERM DUCT
P:PENIS
Q:SCROTUM
R:TESTIS
S:PROSTATE GLAND

17. Sperm duct transports sperms from the testis to the urethra inside the body.
18. Penis transfers sperms into the vagina of the female during copulation.
19. Function of testis: Produces male gametes(sperms)and male sex hormones
20.Function of scrotum: Holds and protects testis

21. The diagram below shows the male reproductive systems. Label each part correctly.

D:

E:

C:

F:

G:
 C:FALLOPIAN TUBE
D: OVARY
E: UTERUS
F: CERVIX
G: VAGINA
22. Fallopian tube is the place where fertilisation between sperm and ovum occurs.
23. Ovary produces female gamete (ovum) and female sex hormones.
24. Function of cervix: Produces mucus to enable sperms to swim into the uterus
25. Function of vagina: receives sperms and acts as a channel through which a baby is
born
26. State one (1) physical change that occur during puberty
in male:Voice becomes deeper
27. State one (1) physical change that occur during puberty
in female: Hips become broader
28. Sperm is the smallest cell in the male’s body meanwhile ovum is the largest cell in the
female’s body.
29. Sperm is _______________ meanwhile ovum is _______________. ?
30. Sperm is produced by _____testis_____ meanwhile ovum is produced by
__ovary________.

4.2 The Menstrual Cycle

31. Menstruation is the breakdown of the lining of the uterine wall and discharge of blood
through the vagina.
32. Menstrual cycle refers to a series of changes that occurs in the brain and the endocrine
system
33. In menstruation phase, the uterine lining breaks down as menstruation begins and is
discharged together with blood, unfertilized ovum and mucus
34. Repair phase occur at day 1-5 in menstrual cycle.
35. An ovum is released from the ovary on the 14th day of the menstrual cycle (ovulation).
38. During premenstrual phase, the menstrual cycle will repeat if fertilization does not
occur. 37. State one (1) importance of personal hygiene during menstruation:To
prevent the infection of bacteria and virus that might cause urinary tract infection
39. State one (1) negative effect of irregular menstruation:
Cervical tumor

4.4 Fertilisation and pregnancy

40. Sperms will swim into the vagina during copulation.

41. Sperm will fuse with ovum in the Fallopian tube and form a Zygote
42. The embryo will be implanted on the uterine wall at the uterus.
43. Placenta is the place exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide.
44. Amniotic Fluid is the cushion to absorb concussion and protects the foetus from
injuries.
45. Function of umbilical cord:Connects the foetus to the placenta and transports the
blood vessels to and from the foetus.

4.5 Factors Affecting the Development of a Foetus and Baby

45. Fibre is to prevents constipation.

46. Iron is function to form haemoglobin to prevent anaemia.
47. Carbohydrate and fat provide energy for daily activities.
48. Function of folic acid: important for the nervous system development of the foetus
49. Function of protein: important for the growth of new cells of the foetus
50. Function of vitamin C:For the skin health of the foetus and mother

51. 4.6 Infertility and contraception

52. Infertility is the inability to produce offsprings

53. Surgery is done on women who have blockage in their fallopian tube or men who
have blockage in their sperm duct.
54. Contraceptive pills can prevent ovulation.
55. Intrauterine Contraceptive Device, IUCD is inserted inside the woman’s uterus to
prevent implantation.

4.7 Plant reproduction

56. Bisexual flowers are the flower that have both male (stamen) and female (pistil)
reproductive organs in the same flower.
57. Unisexual flowers are flower that have only have stamen or pistil.
58. Pollination is the process of transferring matured pollen grains from anther to stigma.
59. Pollen grains are pollinating agents that help in the transferring process.
60. The characteristics of animal-pollinated and insect-pollinated flowers are have big and
colourful petals, have nectar and nice smell, and produce rough and sticky pollen
grains.
61. The characteristics of wind-pollinated flowers are have white or pale petals, have a
long and furry stigma, have plenty of small, smooth and light pollen grains and have
long filament and style.
62. Fertilisation in plants occur as the pollen tube penetrates the ovule.
63. Plumule is the part of the embryo which develops into a new shoot meanwhile Radicle
is the part of the embryo which develops into the root.
64. Hilum is the place where the seed sticks to the fruit.
65. Function of testa: Protects the seed
66. Function of micropyle: Small hole to allow air and water to enter the seed
67. Epigeal germination is the conditions of certain cotyledons are carried out of the soil
during germination meanwhile hypogeal germination is the conditions of cotyledons
that remain in side the soil during germination.
68. The conditions required for germination of seeds:
WATER
AIR
SUITABLE TEMPERATURE!!

FINISH TEACHERRRR!!!!!!!!!