POINTS TO REMEMBER IN ENGLISH 7

1. Homonyms – are words that are said or spelled the same way as another word but have
different. Examples are Write- right/ male- mail/ cup-cop/blue-blew.
2. Analogy- is a comparison between two things, typically for the purpose of explanation or
clarification. Examples are:
*Top is to Down as NIECE is to Nephew (antonyms);
*BACON is to meat as mango is to FRUIT (this implies KIND)
*FIRST is to SECOND as FIFTH is to SIXTH & NINE is to SEVEN as FIVE is to THREE (RANK-
*DESCENDING. OR ASCENDING)
*FINAL is to LAST as INITIAL is to BEGINNING (SYNONYM)
*RABBIT is to HOP as SNAKE is to SLITHER (CHARACTERISTICS/TRAITS)
*NAIL IS TO FINGER as LASH IS TO EYE (PART OF A WHOLE)
*SYRINGE; inject is an example of item- purpose relationship.
*SCHOOL: CHALKBOARD as KITCHEN: STOVE
*TEXT is to WORDS as MUSIC is to NOTES
3. GENRE is a class or group wherein the members have the same characteristics, qualities, &
Content & styles.
4. The primary purpose of the material viewed is TO ENTERTAIN.
5. The primary purpose of a newsflash is to inform.
6. MOVIE CLIP – is a genre which contains short clips of videos, usually part of a longer recording.
7. INTENDED AUDIENCE OF MATERIAL VIEWED – is the group of people for which a service or
Product is designed.
8. Drama refers to a serious tone of a subject.
9. TRAILERS are selected group of scenes that are shown to advertise a movie and often shown to
EXCITE the viewers for an upcoming series or film.
10. DOCUMENTARY- is a genre that makes use of real- life situations and research-based content in
to inform or entertain the audience.
11. A SENTENCE is a word or group of words that has a complete thought and ideas. It has
Subject & predicate.
SENTENCE FRAGMENT
She looks pretty. During a party.
Maria & Karyl bake cakes. Drink merrily.
12. The 4 kinds of sentences are Declarative sentences, Imperative sentence, Interrogative sentence
Exclamatory sentences.
13. Common punctuations are period(.) comma (,) exclamation point (!) question marks(?)
14. VOICE of verbs refers to the form of a verb that indicates when a grammatical subject performs
the action or is the receiver of the action.
15. VERBS have 5 properties (person, number, mood, tense & VOICE)
16. The verb is in the ACTIVE voice when the subject performs the action.
Example: The rabbit chased the cat.
(Rabbit is the subject) is doing the chasing)
MANILYN MAILED THE LETTER.
(Manilyn is subject) is doing the mailing.
 THE MAN MUST HAVE EATEN FIVE HAMBURGERS.
(The man (subject) is doing the eating (verb)
17. The verb is in the passive voice; the subject receives the action.
Examples 1. The cat was chased by the rabbit.
2.The letter was mailed by Manilyn.
3 Five hamburgers must have been eaten by the man.
18. In the sentence “Two masked guys entered the house last night.”
* Two masked guys is the SUBJECT & the DOER of the action “entered”
* House is the receiver of the action “entered.”
19. How to change this sentence into passive voice. (Karen picks the dictionary.) (Passive)
INTO PASSIVE VOICE: The dictionary was picked by karen.
Note: You cannot change a sentence in the active voice IF the sentence does not contain direct object
that receives the action.
20.PHRASE is a group of two or more words that express a single idea but do not form a complete
sentence.
It has no subject- verb. Examples: with a green shirt/ Best friend/ Onn the
horizon/After the devastation
21. Lilian ________ finished eating breakfast when her friend arrived. (Had, did not, have not,
having not)
22. Had they____ the issue with her before? (Discuss, discussed, discussing, been discussing)
23. I had never ______ exotic foods. (ate, eat, eaten, eating)
24. A NOUN phrase is a group of words, usually a noun in addition to a modifier-such as an
adjective, adverb, or article.
EXAMPLES: The big, warm coat/The little pretty cottage/the shoes with Ruby jewels, girl in the
mirror,
25.DIRECT SPEECH-is a speech that consists of words or phrase that are taken directly from the
source.
EXAMPLES: My daughter said, “I had already taken the bag.”
She said,” I might arrive late.
26. INDIRECT or reported SPEECH- is a speech that consists of words or phrases that are taken
Indirectly from the source. Examples: My daughter said that she had already taken the bag. /
She said that she might arrive late. They said that they would probably submit their projects
today.
IDIOMATIC EXPRESSIONS
1. To back up – to support, as with authority, influence, or money
2. Highflier- a pretentious person
3. To keep in touch with- to send news to
4. Bad blood- anger, enmity
5. A scatter-brained – a careless and foolish person
6. A nobody- a person of no importance
7. Argu-eyed- jealously watchful
8. A bull in a China shop- a careless person
9. A wet-blanket- somebody who discourages, reduces pleasure or enthusiasm