1. TP (properties).pdf.

pdf

Gabrielgarcy12

Ingeniería Térmica

2º Grado en Ingeniería Mecánica

Escuela Politécnica Superior

Universidad Carlos III de Madrid

Reservados todos los derechos.

No se permite la explotación económica ni la transformación de esta obra. Queda permitida la impresión en su totalidad.
 No se permite la explotación económica ni la transformación de esta obra. Queda permitida la impresión en su totalidad.
PROPERTIES

1.1.Evaluate the following water properties.

P (kPa) T (ºC) x (%) v (m3/kg) u (kJ/kg) h (kJ/kg) s (kJ/kgK)

90000 150
600 1

• Application example: evaluating properties in two-phase regions (saturation

state).

P (kPa) T (ºC) x (%) v (m3/kg) u (kJ/kg) h (kJ/kg) s (kJ/kgK)

5 70

Reservados todos los derechos.

1.2. A closed, rigid container of 0.17 m3 initially holds water vapor at p1 = 500 kPa and
T1 = 275 ºC. The temperature drops as a result of heat transfer to the surroundings until
its temperature is 90 ºC. Plot the process on a P-v and a T-v diagram. What is the vapor
mass contained in the deposit at the final state? What is the pressure? At which
temperature will the phase change start? Sol: 0.07 kg, 75 kPa, 140 ºC

1.3. A mass of 2 kg of water initially at P = 20 MPa and T = 700 °C undergoes the

following processes. Draw roughly each process and calculate the variations of the
internal energy and entropy of the mass of water in each process.
a) Isentropic process until reaching T =125 ºC
b) Isochoric process until reaching T =125 ºC
c) Isobaric process until reaching T =125 ºC
d) Isenthalpic process until reaching P = 5 bar
e) Isothermal process until reaching P = 5 bar
Re: a) -1.9 MJ, 0 J/K; b) -5.6 MJ, -10.2 kJ/K; c*) -5.7 MJ, -10.6 kJ/K; d) -110 kJ, 3.3
kJ/K; e) 180 kJ, 3.6 kJ/K * Using ideal liquid model for the final state

SUBSTANCE MODELS

2.1. 0.5 kg of air initially at 100kPa, 300K is heated at constant volume until the
temperature is 500 K. Assuming cp = 1.005kJ/(kg·K) and R = 0.287 kJ/(kg·K) constant
during the process (ideal gas model with constant specific heats), determine the final
pressure and the specific internal energy and entropy change of the system.
Sol: 167kPa; ΔU=71.80kJ; ΔS= 183J/K

• Isentropic process for ideal gas and incompressible liquids. Application

examples.

2.2. An ideal gas with constant cp = 1245 J/(kg·K) and cv = 830 J/(kg·K) undergoes an
isentropic expansion from p1 = 600 kPa and T1 = 1100 K to P2 = 100 kPa. Determine the
final temperature. Sol: 605K

2.3 Plot in P-v, T-v, T-s y P-h diagrams the following process: the compression of 1kg of
saturated liquid water from a pressure of 1 bar to the pressure of the critical point (22.09
MPa). The process is assumed isentropic. Determine the temperature, internal energy and
enthalpy change. Consider an incompressible liquid. Sol: 0K, 0J, 21.99kJ

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