Exploring Art A Global Thematic

Approach 5th Edition Lazzari Test Bank

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8

Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

____ 1. Mortality means ____.

a. being able to live forever
b. being subject to death
c. doing evil
d. doing good
____ 2. The earliest tombs were ____.
a. in the desert
b. at the back of caves
c. depressions in the ground
d. hill-shaped
____ 3. One example of a Stone Age tomb is ____.
a. the Great Pyramid
b. Stonehenge
c. Newgrange
d. Notre Dame du Haut
____ 4. The Egyptians used the pyramid form to create the meeting place ____.
a. for the ka and the ba
b. between life on earth and eternity
c. for the mourners and priests
d. for the pharaohs and their consorts
____ 5. The Egyptians painted important people with their heads in profile and their eyes ____.
a. in frontal position
b. in profile
c. looking up
d. closed
____ 6. The Etruscan tombs were very much like ____.
a. pyramids
b. stupas
c. houses
d. mortuary temples
____ 7. The Soldiers from Pit 1 from the tomb Shi Huangdi, China, are made of ____.
a. metal
b. ceramic
c. marble
d. limestone
____ 8. The Moche tombs revealed that gold and silver were ____.
a. in great abundance
b. not available
c. used by all
d. only for the elite
____ 9. Greek grave markers usually showed ____.
a. heroic figures
b. quiet, everyday moments
c. humans and gods
d. festive scenes
____ 10. The Romans felt that family tombs ____.
a. should be close to the family home
b. should be modest and unassuming
c. should be as ostentatious as possible
d. should be in places of worship
____ 11. The bronze canopy in St. Peter's by Bernini is called a ____.
a. retablo
b. catacomb
c. baldacchino
d. sarcophagus
____ 12. Probably the most famous Islamic mausoleum is the ____.
a. Taj Mahal
b. Masjid-i-shah
c. Westminster Abbey
d. Garden of Allah
____ 13. A small shrine that contains the remains of a holy person is called a ____.
a. sarcophagus
b. reliquary
c. mausoleum
d. monument
____ 14. In Africa, ____ are venerated in sculptures.
a. saints
b. martyrs
c. ancestors
d. gods and goddesses
____ 15. European cemeteries were often organized either in the ____ system or a picturesque, romantic one.
a. Industrial
b. Gothic
c. natural
d. grid
____ 16. The ____ Day of the Dead celebration is a remembrance of all the dead.
a. Forest Lawn
b. Mexican
c. American
d. Toltec
____ 17. Memorial festivals held in New Ireland are called
a. malanggans
b. Newgranges
c. waliks
 d. fiestas
____ 18. The AIDS Memorial Quilt
a. is a small covering for a bed
b. is meant to raise money for victims of AIDS
c. changes every time it is displayed
d. is on permanent display in Washington, D.C.
____ 19. Tribute in Light was displayed in
a. Washington, D.C.
b. Los Angeles
c. Paris
d. New York
____ 20. Ancient tombs were often oriented to the movement of
a. the herds
b. the priestly dancers
c. celestial bodies
d. migrating tribes
____ 21. Newgrange, in Ireland, was rediscovered ____.
a. in 1944 by two boys playing in the fields
b. in 1699 by men quarrying for building stone
c. in 1960 by grave robbers looking for treasures
d. in 1974 by workers digging a well
____ 22. Egyptian pharaohs were believed to be descendants of the most powerful god, Re, the ____.
a. Sun God
b. God of the Dead
c. Rain God
d. God of the Harvest

____ 23. A ____ is a city of the dead.

a. necropolis
b. metropolis
c. ka
d. stupa

____ 24. Etruscan tomb chambers were carved directly out of soft bedrock called ____.
a. diorite
b. limestone
c. tufa
d. sandstone

____ 25. Ruled by warrior-priests from 150–800 CE, the ____ civilization extended for more than 400 miles along the
Pacific Ocean in, what is now, modern Peru.
a. Maya
b. Aztec
c. Moche
d. Inca
____ 26. The tombs of the ____, from Scandinavia, reflect how important sea travel was to their civilization.
a. Visigoths
b. Vikings
c. Mongols
d. Anglo-Saxons

____ 27. In ancient ____, the dead were buried along roadways, outside the city walls, in highly visible funerary
monuments to illustrate the individual’s fame or standing in society.
a. Persia
b. Babylonia
c. Assyria
d. Rome

____ 28. Early Christians buried their dead in vast underground networks called ____.
a. mausoleums
b. mastabas
c. mounds
d. catacombs

____ 29. In 313, under Emperor ____, Christianity became the official religion of Rome.
a. Constantine
b. Hadrian
c. Trajan
d. Nero

____ 30. The wealthy and powerful among Islamic societies were sometimes buried in mausoleums adjoining ____.
a. palaces
b. mosques
c. banquet rooms
d. catacombs

____ 31. ____ are bones, tissues, and possessions of deceased holy persons that are preserved and venerated.
a. Relics
b. Retablos
c. Odalisques
d. Steles

____ 32. ____ was a major art and cultural movement of the nineteenth century that emphasized a return to a simple,
rural way of life.
a. Romanticism
b. Neoclassicism
c. Impressionism
d. Divisionism

____ 33. The Day of the Dead is a popular celebration, mixing Christian and ____ beliefs.
a. Incan
b. Mayan
c. Olmec
d. Aztec
Essay

34. How has urban development influenced modern burials?

35. Why were the first burial places mounds?

36. Discuss the implications of the pyramids as tombs.

37. Describe the significance and rituals associated with the “ba” and the “ka” in Egyptian burial practices.

38.

How does this Etruscan sarcophagus compare with an Egyptian sarcophagus of a pharaoh? How does this
sculpture inform us about the role of women in Etruscan society?

True/False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.

____ 39. The ancient Egyptians’ funerary monuments took the form of pyramids, which were geometric mountains.

____ 40. The Great Pyramids in Egypt have large interior chambers, which were used for public burial rituals.

____ 41. The pyramids of pharaohs Menkaure, Khafre, and Khufu are the largest among all the periods and are situated
on the west bank of the Nile.

____ 42. The garden was a pleasure in Egyptian life and was featured in their imagery of the afterlife.
____ 43. The soldiers from the funeral complex of Shi Huangdi in China are all standardized figures with similar
bodies, gestures, and faces.

____ 44. Modern cemeteries developed in response to an increase in urban populations and concerns about pollution
and sanitation.

____ 45. The clay soldiers from the tomb of Shi Huangdi were originally painted in vivid colors.

____ 46. The ancient Greeks developed the earliest commemorative funerary architecture in Europe and the Middle
East.

____ 47. The Romans developed the concept of cemeteries with small plots marked by upright monuments.

____ 48. Early Greek grave markers were originally painted with vivid colors.

____ 49. By the rule of Henry VII of England, all church burials were banned because tombs were overwhelming
church interiors.

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Answer Section

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. ANS: B PTS: 1
2. ANS: D PTS: 1
3. ANS: C PTS: 1
4. ANS: B PTS: 1
5. ANS: A PTS: 1
6. ANS: C PTS: 1
7. ANS: B PTS: 1
8. ANS: D PTS: 1
9. ANS: B PTS: 1
10. ANS: C PTS: 1
11. ANS: C PTS: 1
12. ANS: A PTS: 1
13. ANS: B PTS: 1
14. ANS: C PTS: 1
15. ANS: D PTS: 1
16. ANS: B PTS: 1
17. ANS: A PTS: 1
18. ANS: C PTS: 1
19. ANS: D PTS: 1
20. ANS: C PTS: 1
21. ANS: B PTS: 1
22. ANS: A PTS: 1
23. ANS: A PTS: 1
 24. ANS: C PTS: 1
25. ANS: C PTS: 1
26. ANS: B PTS: 1
27. ANS: D PTS: 1
28. ANS: D PTS: 1
29. ANS: A PTS: 1
30. ANS: B PTS: 1
31. ANS: A PTS: 1
32. ANS: C PTS: 1
33. ANS: D PTS: 1

ESSAY

34. ANS:
In Europe, new ideas about city planning and development influenced the design of city burial places, which
were relegated to the suburban areas. The grid system resulted in formal, rectangular layouts, while the
Romantic artistic movement resulted in park-like layouts such as Forest Lawn.

PTS: 1
35. ANS:
Answers may vary, but this question should stimulate student thinking. Such concepts as making sure the
dead bodies would not be dug up by animals or exposed by the natural elements can be mentioned. Also,
students may discuss the wish to remember the dead, to honor the dead, and/or to insure that they were happy
in the afterlife and wouldn't haunt the survivors!

PTS: 1
36. ANS:
The Great Pyramids at Giza were build to honor living gods, the pharaohs; such large tombs were a way of
insuring further blessings on Egypt from the dead pharaohs. They were also a way of demonstrating the great
power of the monarchs to command men and material resources and time and effort. They were aligned with
the three stars in Orion's belt, to copy heavenly geometry with earthly endeavors and insure the pharaohs
would have a direct line of transmission between earth and the heavens.

PTS: 1
37. ANS:
Egyptians believed that the human soul possessed a ba and a ka. The ba was seated in the heart or abdomen
and was depicted as a human-headed bird. The ba leaves the body at death, but returns hungry and thirsty
seventy days later when mummification of the body is complete. The ba was provided for in the afterlife with
tombs stocked with water, wine, and other food.

By contrast, the ka is the mental aspect of the soul, symbolized by two outstretched arms or by an attendant
figure. The ka dwells in a lifelike statue of the deceased, which is placed in the tomb. Provisions for the ka in
the afterlife included beds, chairs, chariots, statues of servants, kitchen utensils, ointments, and games.

The ba and ka were thought to enter tombs through a small chimney or air vent.

PTS: 1
38. ANS:
 While both Egyptian and Etruscan funerary sculptures are stylized and somewhat flattened, the Etruscan
sarcophagus has more roundness in the torso. The gestures of the faces are animated, and they seem vigorous
and lively. Egyptian funerary sculpture is more frontal and formal. The Etruscan figures also exist as a pair;
Egyptian sarcophagi depict single individuals.

The wife and husband in this sculpture are the same size, reflecting more equal rights attributed to women in
this culture.

PTS: 1

TRUE/FALSE

39. ANS: T PTS: 1

40. ANS: F PTS: 1
41. ANS: T PTS: 1
42. ANS: T PTS: 1
43. ANS: F PTS: 1
44. ANS: T PTS: 1
45. ANS: T PTS: 1
46. ANS: T PTS: 1
47. ANS: F PTS: 1
48. ANS: T PTS: 1
49. ANS: F PTS: 1