The University of Zambia

Department of Mathematics and Statistics

Academic Year 2019/20 Term 1
Mat 3110- Engineering Mathematics II
Tutorial Sheet 1 - Further Ordinary Differential Equations March, 2020.

1. Apply the power series method to solve the following differential equations.
(a) y 0 = 2y (b) y 00 + y = 0 (c) y 0 = ky k us a constant
(d) (1 − x)y 0 = y (e) (x + 1)y 0 = 3y (f) (1 + x)y 0 + y = 0
0 0
(g) y + 2xy = 0 (h) y = 3x y 2
(i) y 00 − y = 0
(j) y 00 + 2xy = 0 (k) y 00 − y 0 = 0 (l) y 00 − 9y = 0

2. Show that
∞
X ∞
X ∞
X
m−2 j−1
m(m − 1)am x = (j + 1)jaj+1 x = (s + 2)(s + 1)as+2 xs
m=2 j=1 s=0

3. For each of the series below, shift the index so that the power under the summation sign
is xm .
P∞ (−1)n+1 n+2 P∞ s(s+1) s−1 P∞ (−1)k+1 k−3
(a) n=1 3n
x (b) s=1 2
s +1
x (c) k=1 6k
x

4. Find the general solution of the following differential equations.

(a) xy 0 = 3y + 3 (b) (x − 3)y 0 − xy = 0 (c) y 0 = 2xy
4 0
(d) (1 − x )y = 4x y 3
(e) (x + 1)y − (2x + 3)y = 0 (f) (1 + x)y 00 − y = x
0

(g) y 00 − 3y 0 + 2y = 0 (h) y 00 − 4xy 0 + (4x2 − 2)y = 0 (i) (1 − x2 )y 00 − 2xy + 2y = 0

(j) y 00 − xy + y = 0

5. Find the general solution of the following differential equations.

(a) x2 y 00 − 6y = 0 (b) x2 y 00 + 4y 0 = 0 (c) x2 y 00 − 2xy 0 + 2y = 0
(d) x2 y 00 + 9xy 0 + 16y = 0 (e) x2 y 00 + xy 0 − y = 0 (f) x2 y 00 + 3xy 0 + y = 0
2 00 0 2 00 0
(g) x y + 3xy + 5y = 0 (h) x y + xy + y = 0

6. Solve the following initial value problems.

(a) x2 y 00 − 4xy 0 + 4y = 0, y(1) = 4, y 0 (1) = 13
(b) 4x2 y 00 − 4xy 0 − y = 0, y(4) = 2, y 0 (4) = 41
(c) x2 y 00 − 5xy 0 + 8y = 0, y(1) = 5, y 0 (1) = 18

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7. Convert each of the following linear ordinary differential equation into a system of first
linear ordinary differential equations
(a) y 00 − 4y 0 + 5y = 0
(b) y 000 − 5y 00 + 9y = t cos 2t
(c) y 0000 = 3y 000 − πy 00 + 2πy 0 − 6y = 11

8. Rewrite each of the systems you found in the question above into a matrix-vector form

9. Find the eigenvalues and corresponding eigenvectors of the following matrices.

       
5 −2 1 2 0 3 1 2
(a) (b) (c) (d)
9 −6 2 4 −3 0 0 3
0 1
(e)
0 0
10. Find the general solution of each system below.
     
0 2 7 0 −3 6 0 8 −4
(a) x = x (b) x = x (c) x = x
−5 −10 −3 3 1 4 
−3 2 2 1 2 −5
(d) x0 = x (e) x0 = x (f) x0 = x
−1 −5 1 2 1 −4