Williams Essentials of Nutrition and Diet Therapy 10th Edition Roth Test Bank

Williams Essentials of Nutrition and
Diet Therapy 10th edition Roth Test

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Chapter 8: Energy Balance
Schlenker & Long: Williams’ Essentials of Nutrition & Diet Therapy: 10th
Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. After digestion and absorption, food provides an available source of energy to tissues if it is
converted into:
1. amino acids.
2. fatty acids.
3. glucose.
4. glycogen.
ANS: 3 PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: p. 167
MSC: Type of Question: Knowledge
2. An example of electrical energy in the body is:

1. growth of new tissues.
2. regulation of body temperature.
3. transmitting nerve impulses.
4. contraction of muscles.
ANS: 3 PTS: 1 DIF: Medium REF: p. 167
3. The chemical compound that provides energy for body functions in the cell is:
1. glucose.
2. triglyceride.
3. adenosine triphosphate.
4. thyroid-stimulating hormone.
4. The function of initiating and controlling the rate of chemical reactions is performed by:
1. enzymes and coenzymes.
2. vitamins and minerals.
3. amino acids.
4. fatty acids.
5. The substances that serve as chemical messengers to help regulate and control enzyme activity
are:
1. keto acids.
2. minerals.
3. vitamins.
4. hormones.
6. The hormone that controls the metabolic rate of the body is:
1. insulin.
3. epinephrine.
4. cortisone.
7. The unit of measurement used by nutritionists to describe the energy content of food is the:
1. kilocalorie (kcalorie or kcal).
2. kilogram.
3. ounce.
4. milligram.
8. The caloric values found in food composition tables have been determined by:
1. direct calorimetry.
2. indirect calorimetry.
3. laboratory observation.
4. controlled reaction rates.
9. The total number of calories in a snack containing 10 g of carbohydrate, 2 g of protein, and 5

g of fat is:
1. 17.
2. 68.
3. 78.
4. 93.
ANS: 4
Carbohydrate contains 4 kcal per gram, protein contains 4 kcal per gram, and fat contains 9
kcal per gram. Therefore the snack would contain (10  4) + (2  4) + (5  9) = 40 + 8 + 45 =
93 kcal.
PTS: 1 DIF: Hard REF: p. 170

MSC: Type of Question: Application
10. The term that describes the amount of energy needed by the body for maintenance of life
while at rest is:
1. basal metabolism.
2. respiratory quotient.
3. nitrogen balance.
4. homeostasis.
11. Metabolically active tissues in the body include the heart, brain, and:
1. skin.
2. esophagus.
3. spleen.
4. kidney.
12. Doctors may determine whether cell metabolism is occurring at normal rates by measuring:
1. body weight.
2. waist-to-hip ratio.
3. serum iron levels.
4. thyroid function.
13. Of the following, the factor that is most significant in determining a person’s basal metabolic
rate (BMR) is:
1. age.
2. sex.
3. amount of lean body mass.
4. amount of body fat.
14. A factor that contributes to women having lower basal metabolism requirements than men is:
1. menstruation.
2. greater surface area.
3. gender-specific hormones.
4. smaller proportion of muscle mass to fat.
15. BMR:
1. increases in pregnancy but not in lactation.
2. increases in lactation but not in pregnancy.
3. increases in pregnancy and lactation.
4. decreases in pregnancy and lactation.
16. Factors that increase BMR include:

1. fever.
2. starvation.
3. aging.
4. muscle wasting.
17. The term that describes the effect of food intake on metabolic rate is:
1. thermic effect of food (TEF).
2. metabolic rate of food.
3. catabolism.
4. thermogenesis.
ANS: 1 PTS: 1 DIF: Hard REF: p. 172
18. The TEF refers to the fact that:

1. some foods take longer to digest than others.
2. certain foods stimulate the gastrointestinal tract more than others.
3. the presence of food in the stomach starts the process of digestion.
4. digestion, absorption, and metabolism of food require energy.
19. If a person is expending 1.0 kcal/min, he or she is probably:

1. lying down.
2. walking.
3. swimming.
4. running.
ANS: 1
Typical resting energy expenditures are 0.8 to 1.0 kcal/min for women, and 1.1 to 1.3
kcal/min for men. Walking increases this amount several times, and more strenuous activities
such as swimming or running increase it even more.
PTS: 1 DIF: Hard REF: p. 173

20. A person’s total energy requirements are determined by adding the BMR, amount of daily
activity, and the:
1. amount of daily food intake.
2. amount of sleep required.
3. thermic effect of food.
4. degree of overweight.
21. When energy intake continually exceeds energy expenditure, the result is:
1. diabetes.
2. anorexia.
3. malnutrition.
4. obesity.
22. To calculate a person’s body mass index (BMI), the measurements that are needed are:
1. height and weight.
2. age and weight.
3. activity level and height.
4. gender and activity level.
23. Severe obesity is indicated if BMI is greater than:

1. 25 kg/m2.
2. 30 kg/m2.
3. 35 kg/m2.
4. 40 kg/m2.
24. The most important factor in determining whether a person is fat or lean is the person’s:
1. weight.
2. body mass index.
3. body composition.
4. gender.
25. The percentage of body weight that consists of water in a person of normal body weight is
approximately:
1. 5% to 20%.
2. 20% to 35%.
3. 35% to 50%.
4. 50% to 65%.
26. In healthy adult men, the percentage of total body weight accounted for by fat is:
1. 8% to 13%.
2. 13% to 21%.
3. 23% to 31%.
4. 36% to 40%.
27. The minimum percentage body fat that supports reproduction in women is:
1. 3%.
2. 12%.
3. 20%.
4. 29%.
28. Measurement of body fat and lean body mass using hydrostatic weighing is based on the fact
that body fat and lean tissue have different:
1. densities.
2. electrical conductivities.
3. metabolic activities.
4. protein contents.
29. Resting metabolic rate (RMR) is often measured instead of BMR because:
1. RMR is more accurate.
2. BMR has too many variables.
3. BMR is only a theoretical concept.
4. RMR is easier to measure.
30. Men generally require more energy for any given activity than women because:
1. they are taller.
2. their metabolism is less efficient.
3. they weigh more.
4. they have less body fat.
31. The amount of total energy expenditure represented by the TEF is about:
1. 5%.
2. 10%.
3. 15%.
4. 20%.
32. A health problem that has been linked to obesity is:

1. migraines.
2. diabetes.
3. hepatitis.
4. anemia.
33. The main focus of weight management efforts should be:

1. development of healthy lifestyle habits.
2. decreasing energy intake.
3. increasing energy expenditure.
4. behavior modification therapy.
34. An eating disorder that is a form of self-induced starvation is:

1. anorexia nervosa.
2. bulimia nervosa.
3. binge-eating disorder.
4. chronic dieting.
35. An eating disorder characterized by gorging food and then inducing vomiting is called:
1. anorexia nervosa.
2. bulimia nervosa.
3. binge-eating disorder.
4. chronic dieting.
36. The number of kcalories in 1 lb of body fat is:

1. 2000.
2. 2500.
3. 3000.
4. 3500.
37. Someone may be considered overweight but not overfat if they have a high level of:
2. muscle tissue.
3. adipose tissue.
4. dietary control.
38. Bone mineral density is greatest among:

1. African Americans.
2. Native Americans.
3. Caucasians.
4. Hispanics.
39. A high waist-to-hip ratio is associated with:

1. android (apple) shape.
2. gynoid (pear) shape.
3. ectomorphic body type.
4. endomorphic body type.
40. Abdominal fat is also known as:

1. adipose fat.
2. gynoid fat.
3. visceral fat.
4. essential fat.
41. According to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, the recommended amount of physical
activity on most days is at least:
1. 15 minutes.
2. 30 minutes.
3. 45 minutes.
4. 60 minutes.
42. Someone with a BMI of 17 would be considered to be:

1. underweight.
2. normal weight.
3. overweight.
4. obese.
ANS: 1
Underweight is defined as body mass index less than 18.5.
PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: p. 178

43. A person who is at high risk for underweight is:

1. a busy college student.
2. an older adult who lives alone.
3. a shift worker.
4. a mother with two young children.
ANS: 2
Older adults living alone may find it difficult or lack motivation to shop, cook, and eat,
placing them at high risk for underweight. College students, shift workers, and young mothers
are more likely to have good access to food and good appetites.
PTS: 1 DIF: Medium REF: p. 184

44. The weight loss in patients with heart disease or cancer is called:
1. cachexia.
2. anorexia.
3. starvation.
4. malnutrition.
45. Severe infection or fever may cause weight loss because:

1. they cause malabsorption.
2. energy requirements increase.
3. food cannot be properly digested.
4. they cause hormone imbalances.
46. Someone who is trying to gain weight should eat:

1. only when they are hungry.
2. commercial liquid nutritional supplements.
3. three large meals each day.
4. several small meals each day.
47. Parents can help decrease the likelihood that their children will develop eating disorders by:
1. limiting intake of snacks between meals.
2. ensuring that their school teaches good nutrition.
3. engaging in regular exercise together.
4. eating family meals together several times per week.
48. An important type of metabolic chemical that is not used up in the reactions it causes is:
1. hormones.
2. enzymes.
3. coenzymes.
4. neurotransmitters.

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Williams Essentials of Nutrition and

Diet Therapy 10th edition Roth Test

2. An example of electrical energy in the body is:

9. The total number of calories in a snack containing 10 g of carbohydrate, 2 g of protein, and 5

PTS: 1 DIF: Hard REF: p. 170

16. Factors that increase BMR include:

18. The TEF refers to the fact that:

19. If a person is expending 1.0 kcal/min, he or she is probably:

PTS: 1 DIF: Hard REF: p. 173

23. Severe obesity is indicated if BMI is greater than:

32. A health problem that has been linked to obesity is:

33. The main focus of weight management efforts should be:

34. An eating disorder that is a form of self-induced starvation is:

36. The number of kcalories in 1 lb of body fat is:

38. Bone mineral density is greatest among:

39. A high waist-to-hip ratio is associated with:

40. Abdominal fat is also known as:

42. Someone with a BMI of 17 would be considered to be:

PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: p. 178

43. A person who is at high risk for underweight is:

PTS: 1 DIF: Medium REF: p. 184

45. Severe infection or fever may cause weight loss because:

46. Someone who is trying to gain weight should eat:

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