Bangladesh Industrial Technical Assistance Center (BITAC)

ATTACHMENT TRAINING PROGRAM

Institution: Ahsanullah University of Science and Technology
Department: Mechanical and Production Engineering
Program: B.Sc in Industrial and Production Engineering (IPE)
Year/Semester: 4th Year/2nd Semester
Group: IPE-2

Submitted By:
NAME ID
Shah Junaed Ahmed Saif 19.01.07.099
MD Mushfiqur Rahman 19.01.07.107
Md. Maksudur Rahman Riyad 19.01.07.085
Nur Jahan 19.01.07.093
Md. Nayem 19.01.07.100
Sheikh Md. Naeemul Haque 19.01.07.121
Farhan Sadik Ahmed 19.01.07.098

Submitted to:
Md. Hasib Mahmud
Assistant Engineer
Bangladesh Industrial Technical Assistance Center (BITAC)
 Acknowledgement

We greatly appreciate the assistance, coordination, explanations, advice, and support offered by
Bangladesh Industrial Technical Assistance Center (BITAC) throughout the completion of the 1-
week industrial attachment program. We have undertaken a 1-week industrial attachment
program efforts. But it wouldn't happen or not even be possible without the kind support and
help of many individuals. We are very grateful to MD. Hasib Mahmud, Assistant Engineer of
training division of BITAC and other respected officers and staff for their guidance and constant
supervision as well as for the necessary information and their assistance in completing the
attachment. We are also grateful to our Mechanical and Production Technology Department’s
Head Prof. Dr. Mazharul Islam for arranging such a wonderful industrial attachment program for
helping us getting to the attachment procedure. We were supervised throughout the entire
attachment by all responsible officers, employees, staff, and foremen. Without their assistance,
this attachment would not have been completed on time.
 Introduction
Bangladesh Industrial Technical Assistance Center (BITAC) is a prominent government
institution established in 1962 under the Ministry of Industries in Bangladesh. It was created
with the primary objective of providing technical assistance, training, research, and development
support to the industrial sector in the country. Over the years, BITAC has played a crucial role in
promoting industrialization and enhancing the technical capabilities of industries in Bangladesh.

With a comprehensive range of services, BITAC aims to support industries in various ways. One
of its core functions is to offer technical assistance to industrial enterprises. This assistance
encompasses areas such as product development, process improvement, quality control, and
energy efficiency. By guiding industries in adopting modern technologies and best practices,
BITAC strives to boost their productivity and competitiveness.

Another key aspect of BITAC's operations is training and skill development. The institution
conducts diverse training programs and workshops to upgrade the skills of workers and
professionals across different industrial sectors. These initiatives aim to enhance technical
knowledge, managerial capabilities, and overall competency within the workforce, contributing
to the growth and efficiency of the industrial sector.

Additionally, BITAC operates testing laboratories equipped with modern equipment and
facilities. These facilities provide crucial testing and calibration services to industries, ensuring
the quality and reliability of their products, materials, and equipment. By offering these services,
BITAC supports industries in maintaining high standards and meeting quality requirements.

Moreover, BITAC offers technical consultancy services to industries. Through expert advice and
guidance, the institution assists in various technical aspects such as plant layout design,
feasibility studies, environmental impact assessments, and project evaluations. This consultancy
helps industries make informed decisions, optimize operations, and ensure sustainable practices.

Overall, BITAC plays a vital role in supporting the industrial development of Bangladesh by
bridging the technical knowledge and skill gaps in various sectors. It aims to promote
technological advancement, enhance productivity, and foster sustainable industrial growth in the
country.
In this 1-week training attachment we have been allowed to visit different departments of
BITAC. They are listed below:

 MS (Light)
 MS (Heavy)
 IS (Inspection Section)
 CNC shop
 Fabrication section
 TTI (Tools and Technology Institute)
 Automobile Section
 HT (Heat Treatment)
 Foundry Shop
 Pattern Shop
 Mold Shop
 Machine Maintenance
 PCD (Production control division)
 IED (Industrial Engineering division)

In this following report we have included the machines, their figure and structure, how they work
and overall experience that has been gathered by our team.
 Table of Contents

EVENT PAGE

MS (Light) 1-3

MS (Heavy) 4-7

IS (Inspection Section) 8-9

CNC shop 10-11

Fabrication section 11-14

TTI (Tools and Technology Institute) 15-20

Automobile Section 21-22

HT (Heat Treatment) 22-24

Foundry Shop 24-28

Pattern Shop 28-30

Conclusion 31-32
DAY 01

Date: 02/07/2023

MS (Machine Shop) – Light

The Machine Shop (MS) - Light Section is a facility within the Bangladesh Industrial Technical
Assistance Center (BITAC) that specializes in providing technical support and services related to
machining and light section metalworking.

The MS - Light Section facility is equipped with various machines and tools necessary for
carrying out machining operations on light sections of metal. It offers a range of services to
industries and individuals, including:

 Machining: The facility provides machining services such as turning, milling, drilling,
grinding, and shaping of light metal sections. These processes involve the removal of
material to create precise shapes and dimensions according to the required specifications.
 Repair and Maintenance: The facility offers repair and maintenance services for
machinery and equipment used in industries. It can assist in repairing or replacing
damaged components, ensuring the smooth operation of manufacturing processes.

During our day-01 attachment, some light machines of the machine shop had been inspected and
their working function also had been visualized.

Some of the samples are given below:

Center lathe or engine lathe machine

Engine lathe machine is the most popular type of lathe machine. This type of lathe machine is
used for woodworking and metalworking. Various machining operations on this lathe machine
can be performed. Such as turning, facing, grooving, knurling, threading, drilling, boring,
reaming, and many more.

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 Figure: Engine Lathe

Universal Milling Machine

A universal milling machine is a versatile machine tool that is capable of performing a wide
range of milling operations. It is called "universal" because it can be used for various types of
milling tasks, including horizontal milling, vertical milling, and angular milling.

The design of a universal milling machine allows it to move the workpiece in different
directions, offering flexibility in cutting and shaping metal or other materials. It typically consists
of a horizontal arbor-mounted with a rotating cutting tool called a milling cutter, a vertical
spindle for holding and rotating the milling cutter, and a table that can be moved in multiple
axes.

A universal milling machine can perform various operations, such as Face Milling, Gear Cutting,
Thread Milling etc.

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 Figure: Universal Milling Machine

Gear Hobbing Machine

A gear hobbing machine is a specialized machine tool used for the manufacturing of gears
through the process of gear hobbing. Gear hobbing is a gear cutting process that involves the use
of a cutting tool called a hob to produce gears with precise teeth profiles.

Gear hobbing machines are essential in the production of high-quality gears, offering precision,
efficiency, and versatility in gear manufacturing processes. They play a crucial role in the gear
industry by enabling the mass production of gears with consistent quality and accuracy

Figure: Gear Hobbing Machine

Signature

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MS (Machine Shop) – Heavy
"Machine Shop," which is a facility or workshop where various machining operations are
performed on metal or other materials to create or modify parts.

Heavy machine shops, it generally implies that the shop is equipped with heavy-duty machinery
capable of handling large and complex workpieces. Heavy machine shops are often involved in
manufacturing or repairing heavy machinery, such as components for the aerospace, automotive,
energy, or construction industries.

Heavy machine shops require skilled machinists who are experienced in working with complex
and intricate designs, as well as the ability to handle heavy machinery safely. They may also
utilize advanced computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) and computer numerical control (CNC)
systems to enhance precision and efficiency in the machining process.

During our day-01 attachment, some heavy machines of machine shop had been inspected and
their working function also had been visualized.

Some of the samples are given below:

Mechanical Planner

A mechanical planner machine, also known as a milling machine or a machining center, is a

versatile machine tool commonly found in machine shops. It is used for a variety of machining
operations, including milling, drilling, boring, and tapping.

The mechanical planner machine consists of a stationary worktable or bed, on which the
workpiece is clamped, and a rotating cutter that removes material from the workpiece to create
the desired shape or feature. The cutter can move in multiple directions, allowing for precise and
complex machining operations.

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 Figure: Mechanical Planner

Vertical lathe machine

A vertical lathe machine, also known as a vertical turning lathe (VTL) or vertical boring mill
(VBM), is a specialized type of lathe used for turning and machining large, heavy workpieces
with a vertical orientation. Unlike traditional horizontal lathes, where the workpiece rotates
horizontally, vertical lathes have a vertical spindle arrangement.
Vertical lathe machines are commonly used in industries such as aerospace, energy, heavy
machinery, and automotive, where large, heavy-duty components are manufactured. Skilled
operators and programmers are required to operate these machines efficiently and ensure the
accuracy and quality of the machined parts.

Figure: Vertical lathe machine

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Hydraulic planer

A hydraulic planer is a type of machine tool that is used for large-scale machining of flat or
contoured surfaces. It is primarily used for heavy-duty machining applications where high
material removal rates are required.

Hydraulic planers are commonly used in industries such as heavy machinery manufacturing,
shipbuilding, and construction. Skilled operators are required to set up and operate these
machines effectively, ensuring precise machining and adherence to specified tolerances.

Figure: hydraulic planer

Radial Drilling Machine
A radial drilling machine, also known as a radial drill press, is a type of drilling machine that is
designed for drilling holes in large workpieces or materials. It is characterized by its radial arm,
which can be positioned and rotated around a vertical column, allowing for versatile drilling
operations.

Radial drilling machines are operated by skilled machinists who are responsible for setting up the
machine, selecting appropriate drilling tools, adjusting the drilling parameters, and ensuring the
accuracy of the drilled holes. These machines are valued for their versatility, allowing operators
to perform drilling operations in different orientations and positions on the workpiece.

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 Figure: Radial Drilling Machine

Horizontal Boring Mill (HBM)

Horizontal boring, also known as horizontal boring mill (HBM) or horizontal boring machine
(HBM), is a machining process used to create precise and large-diameter holes, as well as
perform other operations like milling, tapping, and reaming. It involves the use of a horizontal
boring machine, which is specifically designed for this purpose.

Horizontal boring is a specialized machining process that requires skilled operators and
programmers to set up and operate the machine effectively. It is commonly used in industries
where precision, large-diameter holes, and complex features are required in heavy-duty
workpieces.

Figure: Horizontal Boring Mill

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 Signature

IS (Inspection Section)
At the end of day-01, the inspection section was visited by us to learn how inspection is
performed after a product machined from a certain machine.

Inspection is necessary in a production industry for_

 Quality Assurance: Inspection ensures that products meet the specified quality standards
and requirements. By inspecting the products at various stages of the production process,
manufacturers can identify and address any defects, errors, or deviations from the desired
quality. This helps maintain consistent quality levels and prevents the delivery of faulty
or substandard products to customers.

In this section three inspection tool had been practiced by us, such as_

Slide Calipers: Slide calipers, also known as vernier calipers or dial calipers, are versatile
measuring devices used to measure dimensions accurately. They consist of an upper and lower
jaw that can be adjusted to fit around an object. The main scale and sliding vernier scale allow
for precise readings of lengths, outer diameters, and depths. Slide calipers are available in both
analog (with a dial indicator) and digital forms, providing convenient and accurate
measurements.

Screw Gauge (Micrometer): A screw gauge, also called a micrometer, is a precision measuring
tool used to measure thickness, diameters, or depths of small objects with high accuracy. It
employs a calibrated screw and a spindle that moves with rotations of the screw. The main scale
and thimble scale provide precise readings based on the number of rotations and the fine thread
pitch of the screw. Screw gauges come in various types, including outside micrometers, inside
micrometers, and depth micrometers, each designed for specific measurement tasks.

Digital Slide Calipers: Digital slide calipers are an upgraded version of the traditional slide
calipers. They offer the same functionality but provide digital readouts, making measurements
easier to read and eliminating the need to interpret vernier scales. Digital slide calipers are
battery-powered and usually include additional features like data hold, zeroing, and conversion
between measurement units (e.g., inches and millimeters).

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Figure: Slides Calipers, Screw Gauge, Digital Slide Calipers

Signature

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DAY 02

Date: 03/07/2023

CNC shop
CNC shop is a manufacturing facility that specializes in CNC (Computer Numerical Control)
machining. CNC machining is a process that utilizes computerized controls and precision tools to
cut, shape, and form various materials, such as metal, plastic, wood, and composites, into
specific parts or components.

In a CNC shop, there are typically several CNC machines, including mills, lathes, routers, and
grinders. These machines are programmed with computer-aided design (CAD) software to
follow precise instructions and produce complex shapes and geometries with high accuracy and
repeatability.

CNC shops often work with various industries, including aerospace, automotive, medical,
electronics, and more. They can produce prototypes, small batch runs, or large-scale production
quantities, depending on the customer's requirements.

During our attachment, we visited the CNC shop in BITAC. Specifically various kinds of CNC
Milling machine have been inspected by us.

Also, the importance of designing software like SOLIDWORKS has been discussed. Also, the
functions of CAM software have also been discussed. How to generate G-codes for machining
also had been shown to us.

Also additive manufacturing (3D Printing) and reverse engineering also have been discussed and
shown to us.

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 Figure: CNC Milling machine

Signature

Fabrication section
Combine Shearing Machine

A combined shearing machine is a kind of machine tool equipment that integrates multiple
functions. Cutting, punching, blanking, and shearing operations can do here. It can cut plates up
to 20mm. Punch and die can set here willingly. This machine also has a punching section. In the
punching area, holes of various sizes and shapes can be produced by changing the top and lower
mold.

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 Figure: Combine Shearing Machine

Sheet Cutting Shearing Machine

This shearing machine can take sheets up to 8 feet long. This sharing machine also works
automatically. How much sheet to cut here can be set in advance. It can cut a sheet up to 400mm.
Upper guide can adjust until achieve a good shear section, below blade can adjust via welding
screw make the cutting mouth smooth. The electric shearing machine adopts advanced electric
appliances like foot switch and manual switch to operate. The machine is equipped with a
pneumatic clutch device, by pressing it sheet is cut.

Figure: Sheet Cutting Shearing Machine

Sheet Bending Machine:

A bending machine is referred to as a primarily used machine which is mainly used to form a
bend on any required work piece. The machine which is here used hydraulic pressure to bend the
workpiece. It is simple to operate and can operate automatically.

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 Figure: Sheet Bending

Rolling Machine

A rolling machine is a machine that will roll different kinds of sheet metal into a round or conical
shape. We have seen two different types of rolling machine in the fabrication lab. One is used for
large plates or making large diameter, another one is used for sheet or making small diameter.
This machine consists of three parallel rollers. Two lower rollers which is not adjustable, also
called the “driven” and the upper roller is adjustable which can move up and down, also known
as driver.

Figure: Rolling Machine

Radial Arm Drill Machine

Radial arm drill machines are an ideal solution for drilling precise holes of different sizes and
depths in large pieces that cannot be moved to achieve drilling. In this machine the arm can
move whole 360 degrees.

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 Figure: Radial Arm Drill Machine

Drilling Machine

A drilling machine, also called a drill press, is a powerful tool used to cut a round hole into or
through metal, plastic, wood, or other solid materials through turning and advancing rotary drill
bits into a workpiece. This drilling cutting tool is held in the drill press by a chuck and fed into
the work at variable speeds. The speed and feed should be set properly, and coolant needs to be
provided for the desired finished part. The drilling machine can not only be applied in the drilling
process, but also useful for many other machining operations. There are various operations that
can be performed on a drilling machine, such as plane drilling, step drilling, core drilling, boring,
counterboring, reaming, countersinking, spot facing, tapping, and trepanning.

Figure: Drilling Machine

Signature

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Day 03

04/07/2023

TTI (Tools and Technology Institute)

The Tool & Technology Institute (TTI) is responsible for promoting and developing appropriate
technology, machinery, and tools for the industrial sector in the country. TTI aims to enhance
productivity and efficiency in various industries by providing technical support, research and
development, and training programs. The institute collaborates with national and international
organizations to exchange knowledge and expertise in the field of technology and tools.

During our attachment we have visited the facility and saw some following modern machines:

CNC Milling Machine

The model of the CNC Milling machine which is used here is VF4. It has 3 axes (x, y, z). Two
axis x and y are at the bed and z axis is at the head. Different cutters can be used here. A cutter is
attached to the head through pneumatic pressure. A maximum of 23 holders can set here with
magazine simultaneously. The range of x axis is 1270mm, y axis is 508mm and z axis is 622mm.
The x axis table size is 1330mm and y axis is 515mm.

Figure: CNC Milling Machine

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CNC Lathe Machine

The model of the CNC Lathe machine which is used here is ST10. Here twelve (12) tools can be
used together. It has 2axis, x and z. x axis work vertically. A three-jaw chuck is used here.

Figure: CNC Lathe Machine

5axis CNC Milling Machine

The model of the CNC Milling machine which is used here is UMC 750. It has 5 axes, which are
x, y, z, b and c. Three axis x, y and z are at the spindle head and two axes are at the bed. Bed can
move 180 degrees in b axis and 360 degrees in c axis. This machine is used for undercutting;
sides cut at different angles. A maximum of 40 tools can be set here simultaneously.

EDM Wire Cut

Wire cut Electrical Discharge Machining (WEDM) discharges the electrified current by means of
a taut thin wire, which acts as the cathode and is guided alongside the desired cutting path. Job is
cut by wire here. The wire is movable which is used to cut the job. The wire is made by copper
and its diameter is 0.25mm

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 Figure: EDM Wire Cut

Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM)

Electrical discharge machine is a metal fabrication process whereby a desired shape is obtained
by using electrical discharges. It has three axes (x, y, z). Flushing nozzle is used here. Only
electrically conductive materials are used here. Di-electric fluid is used here. Workpiece acts as
anode and tool acts as cathode. When the tool touches the surface of the workpiece spark is
created.

Figure: Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM)

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Co-ordinate Measuring Machine (CMM)

A coordinate measuring machine is a device that measures the geometry of physical objects by
sensing discrete points on the surface of the object with a probe. It can measure the dimension of
the materials like height, width and depth in the x, y and z axis. It has the speed and accuracy to
repeatedly measure parts better.

Tool Making Machine

Different types of tools which is used in the Computer Numeric Control (CNC) machine is made
using this machine.

Heat Treatment Furnace

Heat treatment furnaces are used to achieve the processes that involve extreme heating or cooling
to achieve their desired reaction. Different types of heat treatment processes like handling,
annealing, quenching can be operated here. It is used to increase the materials surface hardness,
temperature resistance, ductility, and strength. A pneumatic cylinder is present here which is used
to vapor the chamber. Nitrogen is used to provide an inert atmosphere within the furnace during
the heating process.

Figure: Heat Treatment Furnace

Height Gauge

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A height gauge is a measuring device used for determining the height of objects, and for marking
items to be worked on. This machine can measure up to 600mm height accurately.

Figure: Height Gauge

Surface Roughness Tester

A roughness tester is used to determine the surface texture or surface roughness of a material
quickly and accurately. It has a stylus which can move, and a stylus tip makes direct contact with
the surface of a sample.

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 Figure: Surface Roughness Tester

Hardness Tester

The model number of this machine is (71ORS) verzus 700TM. A hardness tester, device that
indicates the hardness of a material, usually by measuring the effect on its surface of a localized
penetration by a standardized rounded or pointed indenter of diamond, carbide, or hard steel. In
this machine the indenter creates force over a material. The maximum 185 kgF/ms-2 force.

Figure: Hardness Tester

3D Printing lab

A machine allowing the creation of a physical object from a three-dimensional digital model,
typically by laying down many thin layers of a material in succession. In this lab FDM 3D
printer was shown, FDM 3D printers work by extruding thermoplastic filaments, such as ABS
(Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene), PLA (Polylactic Acid), through a heated nozzle, melting the
material and applying the plastic layer by layer to a build platform. Each layer is laid down one
at a time until the part is complete.

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 Figure: 3D Printing Machine

Signature

Automobile Section
Automobiles, commonly referred to as cars or vehicles, are self-propelled vehicles designed for
the transportation of people or goods. They are typically powered by internal combustion
engines, electric motors, or a combination of both.

Types of Automobiles

Automobiles can be categorized into various types based on their body style, purpose, and
functionality. Some common types include sedans, SUVs, coupes, convertibles, hatchbacks,
minivans, pickup trucks, and sports cars.

Internal Combustion Engines

Traditional automobiles are often equipped with internal combustion engines that burn fuel (such
as gasoline or diesel) to generate power. These engines operate on the principle of converting
chemical energy into mechanical energy.

The instructor gave us a lecture about internal combustion engines like diesel and petrol engines.
Here are some attachments that have been gathered by us.

Petrol engine

A petrol engine, also known as a gasoline engine, is a type of internal combustion engine that
uses petrol (gasoline) as its primary fuel source. It is the most common type of engine found in
automobiles around the world.

Here are some key features and workings of a petrol engine:

 Fuel Combustion: Petrol engines operate by igniting a mixture of air and vaporized petrol
in a combustion chamber. This combustion process generates high-pressure gases that
drive the engine's pistons.

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  Four-Stroke Cycle: Most petrol engines operate on a four-stroke cycle, which consists of
four phases: intake, compression, combustion, and exhaust. Each stroke of the piston
corresponds to one of these phases.

Figure: Gasoline engine

Signature

Day 04

05/07/2023

HT (Heat Treatment)
Heat treatment is a controlled process used to alter the physical and mechanical properties of
materials, primarily metals and alloys, through the application of heat. It involves heating the
material to a specific temperature, holding it at that temperature for a designated period, and then
cooling it at a controlled rate. Heat treatment can enhance the material's hardness, strength,

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toughness, and other desirable characteristics while improving its machinability or relieving
internal stresses.

There are several common types of heat treatment processes, including:

 Annealing: Annealing involves heating the material to a specific temperature and then
slowly cooling it to make it softer and more ductile. This process helps relieve internal
stresses, refine grain structure, and improve machinability.
 Normalizing: Normalizing is similar to annealing but involves cooling the material in still
air instead of a furnace. It produces a fine-grained structure and uniform material
properties, improving strength and toughness.

During our attachment we have visited the facility and saw some following machines:

Muffle furnace

A muffle furnace is a type of heat treatment machine commonly used in laboratories and
industrial settings. It is specifically designed for high-temperature applications such as annealing,
sintering, and heat-treating materials.

It consists of an insulated chamber made of refractory materials, typically ceramics, with heating
elements embedded within the walls. The chamber is enclosed to provide a controlled
environment and prevent heat loss. The heating elements generate heat, which is then transferred
to the materials inside the furnace through radiation and conduction.

Muffle furnaces are commonly used in various fields, including materials science, metallurgy,
chemistry, and research laboratories, for processes like annealing, brazing, calcination, and
thermal testing. They offer precise temperature control and can reach high temperatures, making
them suitable for a wide range of heat treatment applications.

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 Figure: Muffle furnace

Hardness Tester

After heat treatment, it is important to evaluate the resulting hardness of the material to ensure
that it meets the desired specifications. Hardness testing is commonly performed using a
hardness tester, which is a specialized instrument used to measure the resistance of a material to
indentation or penetration.

By conducting hardness testing before and after heat treatment, engineers and metallurgists can
assess the effectiveness of the heat treatment process and determine if the desired changes in
hardness have been achieved. This information is crucial for quality control, material selection,
and ensuring the performance and reliability of components in various industries, including
automotive, aerospace, manufacturing, and construction.

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 Figure: Hardness Tester

Signature

Foundry Shop
A foundry shop, also known as a foundry or casting shop, is a facility where metal castings are
produced. It is a specialized workshop equipped with various tools, equipment, and machinery
necessary for the casting process. The primary purpose of a foundry shop is to melt metal and
pour it into molds to create a wide range of metal components and products.

During our attachment we have encountered with the following machines in the foundry shop:

Sand Mixture Machine

The sand mixture is made of 87% Sand, 2% Coal Powder, 10% Sodium Silicate (Na2SiO3), 1%
Wood Powder. The coal powder is used so that the unwanted gases can go out from the mixture
by the holes that are created while putting the mixture onto the pattern. The holes are filled with
CO2 gas so that it can harden faster.

Figure: Sand Mixture Machine

Cupola Furnace

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The Cupola furnace is a vertical cylindrical furnace used for melting iron either for casting or for
charging in other furnaces. In this machine 2-3 tons capacity of metal can be melted. The bottom
of the cylinder is fitted with doors which swing down and out to 'drop bottom'. The top where
gases escape can be open or fitted with a cap to prevent rain from entering the cupola. Hard Coal
is fed on the cupola from the above. Air is provided to the cupola through a pump. There are
separated portions created for the waste to go out and for the melted metal to discharge from the
cupola.

Figure: Cupola Furnace

Tilting Furnace

The tilting furnace is ideal for melting or keeping warm. The tilting furnace can be used
manually or as part of an automated system. In this furnace 300kg capacity Copper, 90kg
capacity Aluminum can be melted. There is a crucible inside the furnace in which the materials
are melted. The materials are melted by the help of Titas gas. The capacity of the crucible is
100kg.

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 Figure: Tilting Furnace

Feed Furnace

In the feed furnace all kind of materials can be melted except of Steel. Different types of metals
like copper, aluminum, white metal etc. can be melted in this furnace. It also has a crucible inside
the furnace in which the metal melts. The highest temperature of this machine is 1000°C to
1200°C. The highest capacity of this machine is 100 kg.

Figure: Feed Furnace

Induction Furnace
An electric furnace heated by a current which is caused to flow through the charge by
electromagnetic induction. This is the most powerful furnace of all in this foundry lab. It can
melt all kind of materials (especially Steel and Cast Iron). It runs on electricity, so there is no
need for gases. Three wires are used to melt the metals electrically. Powder ramming mask is
used to create a layer for protection purposes. A lever is used to incline the machine up and
down. The capacity of this machine is 300kg and the highest temperature is 2000°C-2200°C.

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 Figure: Induction Furnace

core oven

A core oven, also known as a core baking oven or core drying oven, is a type of industrial oven
used in foundries and casting processes. It is specifically designed for the curing or drying of
sand cores, which are used to create hollow cavities in metal castings.

Sand cores are made from a mixture of sand, binders, and other additives, and they need to be
hardened or dried before being placed inside a mold. This is where a core oven comes in. The
oven provides controlled heat to the sand cores, allowing them to solidify and reach their desired
strength.

Figure: core oven

Signature

Pattern Shop
A pattern shop typically refers to a facility or workshop where patterns are created for casting
processes.

Patterns are wooden, metal, or plastic replicas of the desired final product or its parts. These
patterns are used to create molds for casting processes such as sand casting or investment

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casting. The pattern shop is responsible for designing, constructing, and maintaining these
patterns.

During our attachment we have encountered with the following machines in the pattern shop:

Wood Turning Lathe Machine

Wood turning lathes are machines that help to create circular wooden objects. This machine can
turn wood at different diameters. Typically, wood is shaped into cylindrical profiles using wood
turning lathes. These necessary devices rapidly rotate a piece of wood so that it can be cut,
drilled, or formed into a shape more simply.

Figure: Wood Turning Lathe Machine

Meter Saw Machine

A miter saw can be used to precisely cut crosscuts and miters in a workpiece, by placing a
mounted blade onto a board. The board can rotate. Various angle can cut using miter saw. The
saw features a blade mounted on a swing arm that may pivot left or right in order to create
angled cuts. Crown molding, picture frames, door frames, and other materials can be quickly cut
with a miter saw.

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 Figure: Meter Saw Machine

Band Saw Machine

A bandsaw is a power saw that uses two or more wheels to stretch a continuous band of toothed
metal between them to cut material. A band saw can be used to crosscut short pieces, tear lumber,
and cut curves even in thick lumber, as in the creation of cabriole legs. It can cut wood with
uneven shapes. The operator manually feeds the blade to cut.

Figure: Band Saw Machine

Disc Sander Machine

A disc sander is a machine having one or more flat circular discs faced with abrasive for
smoothing wood surfaces. It is also used to remove small amounts of waste material. A motor is
attached with the disc. The work is supported by a flat table which sits in front of the abrasive
disc. The disc sander is ideal for end grain work, shaping subtle round corners and removing
large amounts of material quickly.

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 Figure: Disc Sander Machine

Signature

Conclusion

Our industrial attachment at Bangladesh Industrial Technical Assistance Center (BITAC) has
been an enlightening and enriching experience for our team of seven members. Over the course
of one week, we had the opportunity to visit various departments within the institute, including
the Machine Shop, Inspection Section (IS), CNC Shop, Fabrication Section, Tools, and
Technology Institute (TTI), Automobile Section, Heat Treatment (HT), Foundry Shop, Pattern
Shop.

Throughout our attachment, we witnessed firsthand the diverse range of technical skills and
expertise present at BITAC. The Machine Shop provided us with valuable insights into precision
machining techniques and the production of intricate components. During our attachment, we
had the opportunity to visit two distinct departments within the Machine Shop: The Heavy
Machine Shop and the Light Machine Shop. The Heavy Machine Shop exposed us to the
production and maintenance of large-scale machinery and equipment, emphasizing the
importance of precision and strength in manufacturing processes. On the other hand, the Light
Machine Shop provided insights into the production of smaller components and the use of
versatile machining techniques.

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The Inspection Section highlighted the importance of quality control and the meticulous
processes involved in ensuring product conformity. In the CNC Shop, we witnessed the power of
computer-controlled machines and their role in achieving high accuracy and efficiency.

The Fabrication Section showcased the art of transforming raw materials into functional
structures, emphasizing the significance of skilled welding and metalworking techniques. At the
Tools and Technology Institute (TTI), we gained knowledge about advanced tools and
technologies used in various industries, contributing to increased productivity and innovation.
The Automobile Section exposed us to the complexities of automotive systems and maintenance
practices, emphasizing the need for skilled technicians in this field.

The Heat Treatment (HT) department provided insights into the critical processes involved in
enhancing the mechanical properties of materials, ensuring durability and reliability. In the
Foundry Shop, we learned about the intricate processes of casting and molding, enabling the
production of complex metal components. The Pattern Shop showcased the craftsmanship
involved in creating patterns for casting, highlighting the importance of precision and attention to
detail.

Overall, our attachment at BITAC has broadened our understanding of industrial processes and
the critical role played by various departments in the manufacturing sector. We were able to
witness the practical application of theoretical knowledge acquired during our academic studies.
The experience has deepened our appreciation for the importance of technical skills, attention to
detail, and continuous improvement in achieving success in the industrial realm.

We are grateful for the guidance and support extended to us by the professionals at BITAC, who
patiently answered our queries and provided valuable insights into their respective fields. This
attachment has undoubtedly enhanced our professional development, equipping us with a
broader perspective on industrial practices and instilling a sense of enthusiasm to contribute
meaningfully to the field.

Taking into consideration the opportunities and knowledge provided, our industrial attachment at
BITAC has been a rewarding experience, enabling us to bridge the gap between theory and
practice while fostering a deeper appreciation for the diverse aspects of the manufacturing

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industry. We look forward to applying the knowledge and skills gained from this attachment in
our future endeavors, with the aim of making significant contributions to the industrial sector.

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