Introduction Process of learning Exposure Output What is your theory of learning?

How do people learn languages?

Chapter 6 Section 2

Diego L. Meléndez Torres

ICPNA

August 9th, 2023

Diego L. Meléndez Torres ICPNA

How do people learn languages?
Introduction Process of learning Exposure Output What is your theory of learning?

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 Introduction

2 Process of learning

3 Exposure

4 Output

5 What is your theory of learning?

Diego L. Meléndez Torres ICPNA

How do people learn languages?
Introduction Process of learning Exposure Output What is your theory of learning?

Ignorance

• The learner doesn‘t know anything about them

Ignorance meaning of
Effete

Diego L. Meléndez Torres ICPNA

How do people learn languages?
Introduction Process of learning Exposure Output What is your theory of learning?

Exposure

• The learner hears or reads examples of the item (maybe a num-

ber of times), but doesn‘t particularly notice it.

Exposure Examples
That business is Effete
for that it’s closing.

Diego L. Meléndez Torres ICPNA

How do people learn languages?
Introduction Process of learning Exposure Output What is your theory of learning?

Noticing

• The learner begins to realize that there is a feature he/she

doesn‘t fully understand.

Noticing Examples
Effete is an adjective?
Effete is related with rentability?

Diego L. Meléndez Torres ICPNA

How do people learn languages?
Introduction Process of learning Exposure Output What is your theory of learning?

Understanding

• The learner tries to work out the formation rules and the mea-
ning, possibly with the help of reference information, explana-
tions or other help.

Understanding Examples
That business is Effete Effete is an adjective.
for that it’s closing. Effete is related with production.
Effete is something not productive.

Diego L. Meléndez Torres ICPNA

How do people learn languages?
Introduction Process of learning Exposure Output What is your theory of learning?

Practice

• The learner tries to use the item in his/her own speech or wri-
ting (maybe hesitantly, probably with many errors).

Practice Examples
Bring an activity where Students will produces sentences as:
the learners use the word My business is effete.
Effete farms are producing.

Diego L. Meléndez Torres ICPNA

How do people learn languages?
Introduction Process of learning Exposure Output What is your theory of learning?

Active use

• The learner uses the item relatively easily with minor errors.

Active use Examples

Bring an activity where Students will keep conversation
the learners speak using the new item.

Diego L. Meléndez Torres ICPNA

How do people learn languages?
Introduction Process of learning Exposure Output What is your theory of learning?

Process of learning

Diego L. Meléndez Torres ICPNA

How do people learn languages?
Introduction Process of learning Exposure Output What is your theory of learning?

Exposure
There are two types of exposure (authentic and restricted)

Authentic Exposure Restricted Exposure

Realistic Learner Friendly
Natural Specific target

Diego L. Meléndez Torres ICPNA

How do people learn languages?
Introduction Process of learning Exposure Output What is your theory of learning?

Authentic Exposure
Being used in natural context.
Authentic Exposure

• Reading magazines. • living in a place where

language is used.

• Listening small talks or

recording. • Hearing incidental language
used in class.

• Watching English films.

• Reading pieces of news.

Diego L. Meléndez Torres ICPNA

How do people learn languages?
Introduction Process of learning Exposure Output What is your theory of learning?

Restricted Exposure

Exposure to text designed to be accessible to learners an probably

draw attention.
Restricted Exposure

Text often: Learners may:

• Be designed for learners. • Listen simplified sentences
• Simplified to graded
• Certain language items.
language.
• unusually quantity of • Read examples a of
specific item. grammar book.

Diego L. Meléndez Torres ICPNA

How do people learn languages?
Introduction Process of learning Exposure Output What is your theory of learning?

Output
There are two types of output as exposure (authentic and restricted)

Authentic Output Restricted Output

Realistic Learner Friendly
Natural Specific target

Diego L. Meléndez Torres ICPNA

How do people learn languages?
Introduction Process of learning Exposure Output What is your theory of learning?

Authentic Output
Being used in natural context.
Authentic Output

• Discussions. • Writing a postcard.

• Meetings. • Negotiations.

• Small talks in a cafe. • Chatting in class.

Diego L. Meléndez Torres ICPNA

How do people learn languages?
Introduction Process of learning Exposure Output What is your theory of learning?

Restricted Output

Speaking or writing that are controlled or simplified by a teacher or

a particular task.
Restricted Output

• Drills. • Repeat what I say.

• Written gap-fill exercises. • Simple games based on
• Grammar practice saying very similar
activities. sentences (simons says).

Diego L. Meléndez Torres ICPNA

How do people learn languages?
Introduction Process of learning Exposure Output What is your theory of learning?

What is your theory of learning?

• It is only a theory of how we learn a new item. So that means
it doesn’t describe how we learn new items.

Diego L. Meléndez Torres ICPNA

How do people learn languages?
Introduction Process of learning Exposure Output What is your theory of learning?

Thank you

Diego L. Meléndez Torres ICPNA

How do people learn languages?